>> welcome to "global 3000."." in botswana, a conflflict is brewing over the c country's lae population of elephants, which are doing damage to local farms. on the solomon islands, activists s are working to prott endangered sea turtles. and in two different parts of the earth, seaweed farming is emerging as a way to help protect the environment and create new jobs. two worlds with close economic ties, europe and asia.

how do they deal with social justice? anwhat areorking cditions lik? we visit e eight countries on o continents to find out how europe and asia work together, in our series s ork placeses." outside the indonesianan capita, ocean, a sjakaa. faran houour could this b be the soluti to globobal problems? nory mulyono dinitely thks so. she's carrying out research into how seaweed can keep the seas clean. her home country is the world's second-largest plastic polluter after china. indonesia processes more than 60 million tons of plastic waste every year.

over 3.2 million tons of it end up in the ocean. the government has pledged to reduce this by 70% by 2025. it's an ambitious plan. traditional waste disposal methods can't keep up. that's why indonesia backs pioneering ideas like the one mulyono is proposing. she makes packaging out of seaweed. >> how can we solve it if we do not have something to replace this plastic? of course we cannot go back to our motion to leave without plastic packaging. >> h her main advavantage is t indonenesia is one o of the wos biggggest producers of seawee. most buyers are other countries in asia, where people have been eati the marine plants for millennia. in europe,roduction still on a much smalaller scal but here, too, seaweed is ining touteded as materialalith a

bright future,e, a sector ththa. seaweed grows quickly, d doesnt takeke up fertile e land, and ce used in a a wide range of apicications there are more than 72,000 species of algae worldwide, the largest over 60 meters in length. algae-based ingredients are already used in many foods -- for example, as binding agents. two different types of brown algae are e now being grgron mmmmercial in n norw, up t to for100 0 tons of themem a year. the farm in n froya is onene oe biggest in e europe. as the global population rises and new food trends grow fashionable, seaweed is appearing more frequently on european plates. seaweed cultivation has grown quickly in the past 10 years. first and foremost in france and ireland, but spain and of course norway are also exploring the options. >> it is a growing market. we worked a lot

establishing this market. of coursrse we have a lot of influence from asian cuisine. europeans and more are more familiar with seaweed now. generally, people are more concerned about where their food comes from. people are interested in local, traceable food. >> but at present, most of the seaweed eaten in europe is still importeded from asia. and there, nory mulyono is still one step ahead. this sheet made from red algae, the result of 10 yeaears' hard work, is her pride and joy. she discovered that one species produces a special polymer that makes products made from it very pliable. the foil has a shelf life of up to two years, and it even dissolves in hot water.

this is especially practical for popular products in indonesia like instant coffee. over 200 companies worldwide are testing it. and you don't have to eat it to geget rid of i it. >> people can dispose it everywhere. and it will be fertilizer for plants, or just throw it in the wastewater and it will not clog your wastewater stream. >> algae are not only finding uses in the food and packaging sectors, but also in the cosmetics and textile industries. in the future, they could even be used as a source of fuel. the team at seaweed energy solutions is also interested in the many different qualities of seaweed. algae seedlings are cultivated all year round in the company's laboratories in trondheim. here, tests are carried out on

different types of algae that mimight be good to cultivate n the future. the company also works with universities to find possible environmental uses for seaweed and unlock its full potential. >> it has several benefits, also for the environment where you cultivate it. it captures co2, which is a big advantage. and we also see around our sea farm a lot of fish. so it is kind of a nursery for small fish and other animals in the sea. it increases wildlife. >> seaweed, a budding new industry in europe. there are around 200,000 seaweed farmers in indonesia. often, whole families get involved. the women tie the seedlings to the lines and take care of the

finances. the men are responsible for the cultivation and harvest. for her product, nory mulyono works together with 2,000 families. she alsoso helps them with the business side of things and works without middlen. this means she can pay better wages. >> the most important things that drive me to passionate in this is about cost of communities living. they have no access to fulfill their basic needs, so some of them also have been the victim of human trafficking. so i think it is very, very important and urgent to help them to improve the likelihood. --their livelihood. >> one of the farmers who pppplies myonono is dul syukukur, who cultltivates it o0 linenes in pgganang. in the past, he had to keep hid work, sometimes as a fisherman, sometimes as a sailor.

now he can affd to concerate on sweed farmi alone. his take-home pay is up to six times higher now. >>eaweed farmings full ofprom. we hope it'll enablele us to py for the best possible education for our children. and it's much more profitable than working as a fisherman, or specializing in aquaculture. we hope thatat seaweed will alws flourish here, and that we can maintain its quality. >> nory mulyono hopes so, too. at any rate, she already needs another 1,000 suppliers in 2020. farmers like abdul syukur. after all, the demand for her plastic-free packaging is there. primarily from food and cosmetics distributors. she needs to ramp up p productn from 100 to 8,000 units per day, using a raw material with massive future potential.

>> i am -- >> a global teen. this week, we meet up with ag. >> my name is jessica achieng. i live in kenya, at a place called dandora. i have two siblings. their names arare brian n ad adolphe. my mother sells maize, and my father is a mason, and so now he went to work. i like going to school because it is fun and you have new

friends, you learn, it will help you, so that if you are grown, you will be a better person in the future. my hope is to help the needy, by providing for them shelter, clothes, and their basic needs. i like writing songs, i like practicing. that's what i always do when i am free. when my mother tells us jokes. i am afraid of heights. like, for example, if i am

standing on a tall building, i can't look down because i am afraid i'll fall. i would like to be a musician because it is my talent and i love singing so much. i feel like i can sing, but i don't have a beat. this life is hardrd. still ststruggling untntil i be the best. >> in the early 20th century, africa was home to an estimated 10 million or more elephants. a hundred years later, poaching and habitat loss have caused their numbers to drop to no more than 400,000. that's a decline of more than 95%. in botswana, however, there are too many elephants.

thanks to strict conservation measures, the elephant population there has increased rapidly in recent years. >> among the star attractions at chobe national park k are the my elephants, antilopes, and h hippos roamig frfree. botswana has the world's higheht elephant population, somewhere between 130,000 and 160,000. tourists flock to marvel at them. beate bergmann has been coming here with her husband for many years. >> this time is special because my family are here, too, my niece and two grandchildren. we really wanted to show them the africa we know and love, where you can be among all these animals and so close to ththe. >> that is how tourists experience the elephants.

and this is how locals experience them. park ranger kgosi maera is out on patrol. >> we're just chasing them away. by making g this noise, they rn away. >> suddenly, another elephant appears between the houses in the town of kasane at the edge of the park. he tells us they can injure people, attack them, especially if they are with their young. elephants wander through residential areas and farms. this often leads to conflict between humans and animals. daniel chiswaniso jeremia says he always keeps a gun loaded. he has a farm outside kasane. >> i shot an elephant last year, 2018.

it was in the field here. during the day, i tried to scare it. it refused and went "oh!" and i said, let me shoot it now. killing an elephant is not nice. it's's not nice to kill it. but for the sake of self-defense, because it originals s me, or -- either it kills me, or -- it's war. when it's war, ah, we shoot. >> it's a fight for survival. jeremia says the elephants are always on his fields destroying his crops. >> because they come every day. today they're getting at this piece. during the night they come again and continue, until the whole field is done. >> elephants have trampled his fences, including the electric ones. and jeremia doesn't have the money to repair them.

>> my life has been deteriorating. deteriorating because of the elephants. what i mean is, they make pepeoe poor. they make people poor. now i'm poor. my feeling is, i think culling should be done. what i feel about elephants is that there arere too many. they need to be reduced. >> the government has not organised any culls, but controversially last year lifted a ban on elephant hunting that had been imposed five years earlier. it now permits the killing of 400 per year, promising a field day for sports hunters. the government says the hunting should be allowed specifically in areas where elephant-human conflicts are most common. >> what we have learned over time a about elephants is that

when they know there is danger, they will not go to those areas. anand we use this controlled hunting to achieve that. not to reduce numbers, but to create that barrier and buffer so that our people can continue with their livelihoods uninterrupted. >> it has been estimated that the elephant population will continue to grow significantly, even if 400 are kikilled each year. trophy hununting is widey despiseded in europe, for examp, but can it actually fulfill a useful function? some conservationists think it can. >> the impact will be positive because botswana is absolutely committed to having any resources that it gets from sport hunting to go o to the commmmunities. rural botswanans live with 150,000 elephants, and they have not been receiving any benefits whatsoever.

so a couple of animals that are sport-hunted can go a very long way to mitigate the kind of negative impacts, including the loss of humaman life, that rurl botswanans are facing on a daily basis. >> merafhe shamukuni was trampled to death last year while on his w way home in kasa. hihis sister dorcus sums u upe findings of the police investigation. >> he tried to run back, but then probably there were others there, so he tried to run down the stairs and tried to hide behind the bushes, so they pulled him. >> she tells us there used to be fewer elepephants in the area d they were less a aggressive. >> in the past, they were just calm animals. you'd pass an elephant just feeding there, sometimes without even seeeeing it. but nowadays they actualally charge, without even a person provoking them anyhow.

>> she says the aggression may well mean the elephants are feeling stressed. the question remains -- if the elephant population continues to rise, and the human popupulatin grows asas well, unhappy encounters will prprobably continue to occur, and a sustainable solution will still need to be found. >> in our "global ideas" series, we head to the pacific ocean. it's home to many species of sea turtle. our r reporter clarere richarn went to the arnavon islands, part of the solomon islands. she met some activists who are working to protect the turtles. >> thehe solomon i islands l loe pararadise on earth. the region here in the south

pacific is home to rich marine biodiversisity. but it's a challenging enroronment for ththe cricallyy endaered hawawbill sea turtles that nest rere. female tures lay rouly 1,000 gs each season. onlylyne in a thousand will make ito o adulthd. eir chances are made worse by . researchers s estimate thahat e 1010,000 turtleses are harvesd ch year. that's pushed hawksbilill sea reseturtles to the brink ofat e 1010,0extitition.s are harvesd but for the creatures whmamake to o thisarticuculabeach, there's hope. these womemen are on a m missio save the tururtles.

2016, they formed the groroup kawaki, which inings togherr communities from three islan to proct t turtl from m huing. > with the three communitie, they have differenent cultural background. so coming g together also givs the opportrtunity for ththem to emembrace ch o other cultuture and thugh h thproject they meme toghcocoervation.hem for thehey' on theieir way tohehe narvonon a spectacular gup of i islands that t are one ofe largesest breeding g grounds ie south h pacific for r the hawkl sesea turtle. the arnanavons are t the site a marine-protected area,a, the fit ever n national park in the solomon islands, and a sanctuary for the turtle todaday the team a are lookino known locally as turtltle rodeo. the rst attempt is a miss.s.

so it's onto t the next lolocan toto try again.. second timlucky. they'v've caught a f female gn turtle, , a different t speci. she'e'strong enough to dislocate peperson'srm.. once on board, she is s meased and her details e rerecorded. next, her flippers are tagdd wi uninique mbers s toelp rangngers identifyfy her in thee future.. this grereen turtle has scars fm ththey're commonon in these wa.

once the coaoast is clear,r, ss on h her way againin. hahawksbill sea turtles also fe dadangers on shore. ratsts have discovovered this . norarangers st m move e survivining eggs so ththe smell. it all pays off when the bab turts arare rey to h hat. the e women of kawawaki help bd tulele highws inin the sand leading from the nests to the o. asashe hatchlings start their ururney tord t the s, thee women trtry to keep ththem on t. they standnd guard againinst nal predators and poachers. hawksbill sea turtles are often caught and illegally sold tob.

turtrtle is also a an importantt traditioional food in n the son islands,s, and it's been huntd for ceururies. whwhile the pracactice is stilil legal l outside the e preservee women n of kawaki arare tryino change l localttitududes >> for me, i i'm a solonon islanderer, so i will l say thi ate turtle and then m my first trip to the arnavo thahat rely chahang my thinking. whwhen you actuaually see themem cocoming out frorom their holed ststruggling, mamaking their wo the sea, and then a huge wee coming and f flushing themem,d then out in the ocean the sharks are there waiting for them, a lot of struggle for them alreadady! then i i was like, i i will sp harmrming turtles.s. i will e encouragey y familytop harvestingng turtles. across the solomon islandsof how kseverawomemen ve brought thei fight save e rtles back to theieir llageseso teach hehers.

alavinia pupuru has startedererw ksowoffsfshootf kawawakin heri village. she uses w weatherproof f flip charts on islands where eltrtricity n't t availae to showow local commumunities h ty n n help. soso we have to o look after o a ing g to asturtrtles. turtle? it takes 30 years for turtlest. afafter nesting,g, they travelel thousandnds of kilometeters bao the great t barrier reefef n auststralia. impoportant role t they play inn hehelps thconservavation.dnd t >> women are very important because we are the custodians. we are the ones o look after the mimily, weeed d our >> women are very important because we chililen.ustodians. we too prerepare the feast and whatever is hahappeninin t the commununity. so i it is very imimportant the

women shouould understanand whs happing g in o envirironnt. >>herere a now twice as ma tule nests in the arnavonss the were before thmarine parkrk w established 25 arars ag but re n nee to be de to sa t this ecies.s. >> i think that if everyonis ag coerating, like wo togethe then iave highope for e rtles, for our furure generaraon t♪ see them. unititing communitities to makee the e solomon islalands are a r place e for turtleststoday ann the fututure. >> that's all from us at "global 3000" this time.

we're back next week, but don't forget we love hearing from you. so send us your feedback on any of these reports to global3000@dw.com. and check us out on facebook, dw women. see you soon!

narrator: amid blocky apartment structutures and rigid urbann development, two groups strive to reinvigorate public spaces. an artist collective from spain travels the globe to create mumurals that draw life back ino the dwindling public centers, and in m medellin, colombia, urn gardeners create green spaces that beautify the community and empower its citizens.