>> welcome t to global 3000. in colombia the indigenous misak people have set t up a scschool to protect up their traditions and their natural environment. in india a village community plants 111 trees whenever a baby girl is born, a custom that benefit society and the planet. but first to new zealand where sheep farmers are fed up with being blamed for climate change. the corona outbreak has reduced travel and industrial production and resulted in a

dip in carbon emissions. inin that sense e it is improg the health of the planet but the environmental impact o of ananimal agriculture remains massive. in 2016,6, global greeeenhouses emissions totaled 51 gigatons, of which more than 7 gigatons were caused by meat and da iry. global greenhouse gas emissions had to be reduced to 13 gigatons by 2050. but if the meat and dairy industry continues on its path, its annual emissions are expected to exceed 10.5 gigatons with devastating impact on the climate. in new zealand, sheep farmers are coming under increasing public and political pressure. [bleating] >> sheep as far as the eye can sesee, and what looks like boundless freedom for randall aspinall.

he's the fourth generation of sheep farmers on new zealand's south island. farmers have always been valued in new zealaland. they are thehe backbone ofof e cocountry's econonomy. >> now i t think most pepeople still do appppreciate farmrmerd apappreciate sheheep farmers d see itit as being papart ofa national identntity. but there is also a fair b bit momore chatter a around some anti-f-farming sentiment. >> climate change is shaking up this rural paradise. sheep p and cows arere major producers s of methane.. they genenerate one ththird ofl greenhnhouse gas emissssions iw zealanand. susuddenly, farmrmers are sees envivironmental sinnnners. randall can n see growingg misusunderstandingng between pe in the city y and in the c cou. >> so, when n i grow up ththere were most pepeople in the e cis knew h had cousins t that had a farm or r had friends s that ha farm. so, momost people prprobably st holidaysys on farms, s schol

hoholidays and t that. whereas thatat's very much a ae popopulation is s growing ands probably urbrbanized more,e, ts gone away. >> h he includes n new zealans centnter-left government in th. for examplple, sheep and cows wawading throughgh rivers ad possibly fououling the watater dodoesn't fit wiwith new zealas clclean image, s so many farms nonow have to bubuild fences ag ththe waterways s on their pror. farmers hahave become a a polil pawn, , says randall.. >> so, in terms of how to actually run a couountry, theye been in opposisition for n nine years, so inin terms of hohow y actutually run a c country, hoo acactually run a a business, ho actually g get things chchang, there is m maybe not a l lot of experirience in therere. anand so, it sorort of feels e there's a a lot of stuffff beg done. >> the aspinalls' farm is located near one of the main hiking trails in mount aspiring national park.

it's a unesco world heritage site. randall's wife allison sells ice cream and esprpresso froma food truck here.e. the e family are t trying to e into a a better econonomic posi. > farming is s becoming, te are more c constrainints environmentally and with legislation and things. so we're just looking at other ways to earn alternative income and this is just a really small start towards that. >> lamb from the breathtaking mountain regions of new zealand is a major export. the government wants to cut methane emissions from livestock by 10% by 2030. otherwise farmers will face penalties. but how is this suppososed to happen, rarandall asks a as he dede-worms his s sheep. new zealanand farmers arare aly producing g in an ecologogicay sustainablble way that w woule hard to findnd anywhere elsesn the world.

> the focus h has gone of productition a little e bit. peopople are not t trying to rs mamany sheep as s they can ano as welell as they cacan and at morere quality andnd there is e a bit momore work on e eatig quality ofof the product.. anand i guess pepeople are jusut tryiying to be a b bit more ae on somome of that enenvironmel stufuff and some o of the wele stuff.f. and d then just trtrying to pre a a more consiststent and a ber product for r the market.. >> t this afternoon, the aspinalls s are taking a a brk fromom the sheep. the fafamily, includuding grgr, are havingng a day out o on tr own farm. thisis is a playgrground of or 2,00000 hectares f for the two children. it even has a waterfall with a natural popool. this is how w johnny and j jose growowing up. typipical new zea. the next natatural wonder r is never r far away.

>> i it is just ninice being bg inin nature, it t just gives u timeme to think anand just eny things and slolow down the p pa littttle bit and i it's nice tt be rushing a around. >> i mean,n, you get a w wee t blasé or used to o it every nw and d then but youou do just hg said that evevery now and d tn you jujust look arouound and gh you'rere actually ththat's a py cool place t to be living g and working and d we are pretttty,l vevery privileged d to be ablo geget out and enenjoy it. >> it's nonot all rollining sp pastureses and games o of frie in the natatural pool. for ththis new zealaland farmg family, therere are many n new chchallenges. but wiwith views likike thi, everyone canan see why thehy chchoose this lilife. ♪ >> in our global ideas series we go to the andes i in south

america. in colombia, our reporter met ththe indigenousus misak people determined to protect their culturural identity y and their traditition of naturure coconservation.. >> when the misak indigenous people have important matters toto discuss, ththey always siy the fifire. for r 27-year-old d nestor it'e mostst important p place in thee homeme. >> o our placenta a is cast io the fire a after our b birt. it's the ritual l which joins s to the earth. ifif we all leavave for the ci, rarather than n staying heheree will be no o one who protects this area. and thenen our belieiefs, or language, the entire misak cuculture will be lost. >> nestor wants to do something toto prevent thahat. togetherer with his frfriends m the vivillage, he's s a membef

ththe "asociacioion jardin boto las deliciasas". that's an association designed to keep local horticultural traditions alive. everything in the garden is planted inin circles -- - the s are rounund, too. here, they cultivate plants that their ancestors also used: aloe vera, q quinoa and many otothers. every plant here hasas its own spspecial purpose. >> when n women are memenstrua, we takake the seeds s of rue -- ththis helps us against the co. this is a cocold plant. that's whyhy we use it t to tae a fever.r. and this isis canna. it helps f for stomach a aches. we also mamake an ointmement h it t to treat arththritis, for example. >> the mededicinal use o of cannababis, which isis being legalizezed in more anand more countries,s, has a long g tradn

among the mimisak people - - th they don't u use it as a n narc. the e members of t the associan alalso want to pasass on their botanical knknowledge to childn in the vilillage to teach the younger r generation w what prproperties thehe plants haved why y it is importrtant for thee mimisak to cultitivate them themseselves. >> ourur theater groroup is cad "the magicacal tree", and our playay is about hohow we are destroyiying our envirironment. it's aboutut how important it s to p protect our aninimals, our plants, ouour food. >> s some of the c children py misasak people figighting agat environmenental destructction.

>> here e you can see e some symbols. this is a belt t symb. it stands s for the moonon. anand here is ththe spiral. it standnds for the papath thae misak k tread. >> the groupup was set up p at 15 years a ago. inin the past nenestor used toto perfrform himself,f, but now hee directs the children. >> look!k! an armadillllo. i'm going toto kill it andnd l it. >> graradually, all l of the ps anand animals arare killed bye children, who are playing the role of modernrn-day individid. >> don't cutut me down! >> aftfterwards, thehe associan membmbers meet in n the communs

hut. they come totogether on a a rer basisis, to sit araround the e anand talk aboutut old tradits but also abobout new develelops in the commumunity. the misak mamanage 70 hectctarf land. a a vast area. most of it i is beyond theheir sesettlement andnd consists ofof pristitine jungle. they a are determinened to pret deforestatioion. >> a a lot of commmmunities aree deststroyed by traransnational compananies and alsoso the expansion ofof industrial agagriculture. >> thehe land aroundnd the mik commununity has already been cleared. nature has been by devastated by large-scale cattle-farming, and also by gold, silver and coal mining. many indigenous communities inn the caucuca valley are still suffering from the fall-out of

the colombian conflict -- the decades-long war between the govevernment, pararamilitary gs and communisist guerillas s f. drug carartels add to o the ten. one thirird of colombibia is indigenous territory. deadly violence is widespread. in novemember 2019 thehere wer9 homicicides in one w week alo. >> indigenous leaders have been murdered, there are threats. they're usining violence t to d people out o of their commununi. >> a school in the regioion of jambmbaló. irirne conda is s visiting, aa rerepresentativeve of the auautonomous indndigenous universisity. >> it t brings togetether studs fromom various eththnic groupo bolster ththeir cultures and jn forces to improve their communitities. learning takakes place i in sl groups.

> the seminarar participantns didiscuss what t they can do t o tackle thehe threats theheir commununities face.. sosolidarity andnd cooperationon betwtween the indigegenous grs is crucial. >> h how can we mamake our communitieies stronger s so the can't be forceced out. if we don'n't have a strtrategy then we'll lose evererything ad that will l be it. >> back k in the misakak terri. at the momenent the situation s calm. but whwhile the threreat posey armed groups has r receded, environmnmental destructction a grgrowing problelem. ththe children's's play is alt ovover. and it h has an happy . a misak brinings new seedsds r plants and b breathes new w le intoto the animalsls. ththe people arere given a sed chchance. this time, t the plants anad animals s have a messasage for huhumanity.

> i'm the conondor. i'm the messssenger of thehe . kiking of the anandes. i dream of frereedom. pleasese let me liveve. >> i'm thehe woodpecker.r. if w we birds die,e, there wile no morore birdsong a and no me joy. >> i'm the bututterfly. we want t to spread ouour win, plplease don't c clip them. >> i'm thehe armadillo.. pleaease don't kilill me. ♪ >> this week we pay a visit to a living room in kenya. ♪

>> wow. you'rere welcome comome in, yoe welclcome. this isis my main a. this is where i spend most of the time in after work. after the hard day at work. my tv,v, it is the w work of myy hands. and i'm really really in love with b black. that's why my house is mostly black ♪ my f first born lelevy, my sed born a andrew hazel,l, my thirdn jejeremy, my fouourth born se. i'i'm very grateteful to god i n

trustingng me with thehem. ththey make me f feel strongerd strongerer every day.. ♪ >> this s is abby our r puppyd we like e her so much,h, becae she isis part of ourur familyd our r sister. >> i'm in lolove with my t ta. very very y much. i'm a nail technician, b but i also do otother services, becae im in the beauty industry. i worked very hard to get it, ththat's why i t treasure it y mumuch. it is one e of the most t expee thingsgs that i haveve in this sitting room. ♪

>> bye-byeye. ththank you for r visiting me.e. i'm happy.y. and d you are welclcome againd agagain. this isis like your h. >> in india, women arere respsponsible for r the familyd household, a and play key y rs education n and farming.g. but t it remains a a staunchly patriaiarchal societety. families still value sons over daughters and sex-seselective abortions are widespread. the result is a gender imimbalance -- t the country i s missining 60 millionon wome. one village is bucking the trend. >> a grandmother wields a pickaxe. sosar rajput is planting the first tree for her baby granddaughter. all of the families here follow the same ritual: there are 111 trees for each newborn girl.

>> when i was born, my mother and father were very unhappy that i was a girl. today, we're p planting trees because we're happy when a girl is born. if my parents had experienced this, i'm surere they would've been proud of me, too. >> a lot has changed in the village of piplantri, thanks to this man. shyam sunder paliwal came up with the tree planting idea 13 years ago.o. baback then, he was s mayor. totoday, when proud parents introduce him to their newborn girl, he can barely believe that things haven't always been like this. but 13 years ago, girls were still regarded as inferior -- as worthless children. >> it continued into adulthood. it used to be ththat women weren't allowed to leave the house alone. they had to hide behind the curtains. that w was men's doi. they were afraid something would happen to the e women. but this has changed dramatically. >> and it's not just thanks to the trtrees:

now, parents pledge to not marry off their daughters before their 18th birthday. they're also required to educate their daughters. in return, the village community opens a savings account for each girl. >> when my granddaughter was born, it was as if the goddess lakshmi's good fortune had entered our home. now, we deposit 150 euros into a savings account. and shyam sunder gives us twice that amount. with this, the little one can later pay for her education. of course, we also plant the trees, too. >> s shyam sunder's idea for te trees and the education fund has a very personal motive. 13 years ago, his own daughter died. he doesn't like talking about the exact circumstances. afterwards, the businessman fell into a deep depression. he thought a lot about how girls in india are often harrassed and disadvantaged. he had a monument put up in his daughter's honor. but it wasn't enough. he wanted to do something more.

>> then, i planted a tree as a memorial and as a way of coping with my grief. but i soon realized that one tree wasn't enough. that's why we started this program: 111 trees for each girl. it has to be as many as that. this area had become a total wasteland -- and now, you can see the result. >> the region around piplantri is full of marble quarries. this is how it used to look. 13 years and 350-thoususand nw trees later, a dense forest now surrounds the village. it's a blessing for the microclimate in the hot summer, and the village of 5000 is now more prosperous because the forest is cultivated. locals see the boom as directly connected to the support for the girls. things are changing. now, there are just as many girls as boys in the classroom. tenth-grader komal parlival explains why it often looks

rather different in the rest of india. >> boys get an education, girls often don't. ththey're seen as a burden.. that's also why y so many femas are aborted or killed right after they're born. that's led to there being far fewer girls than boys. >> 13 years ago, komal's mother was one of the first people to plant trees for her daughter. even though komal was already two years old at the time, her mother wanted to take part. when komal goes into the woods today, she knows that some of the trees bear her name. it's a great feeling. >> the trees give us wood and bear fruit. we plant them because they're useful. in a sense, because our mothers planted them, we see them as our brothers.

>> shyam sunder is now famous in india. politicians anand ente university classes come to him to hear how he succeeded in improving living conditions for girls and the entire village with the many trees -- and with little money. ♪ since he appeared as a guest in a celebrity special of india's version of 'who wants to be a millionaire', ththe whe country knknows him. >> i never would've thought that it'd become such a big thing. people are coming here from everywhere non-stop. a lot of them come to get ideas and want to do the same thing. it's great. >> when it all gets to be too much for him, he withdraws to the forest. this is the tree that started it all. the tree that he planted for

his deceased daughter. shyam sunder says that at least her death had a positive effect. his daughter would certainly have been proud of her father. ♪ >> this week our worldwide search for tasty snacks takes us to iceland. ♪ >> the icelandic landscapes are spectacular, and you don't even have to leave town to enjoy them. even from the center of reykjavik there are breathtaking views of the surrounding mountains. of course, it tends to be pretty cold for most of the year. but svarta kaffid is a small restaurant where you can warm up and enjoy the local speciality, soup in a bread bowl. >> iceland is the perfect place for soups. yesterday it was raining, it was a typical soup day. now it's just cold, so it's alalso soup day, but not that

much. >> the chef's name is unpronounceable for anyone who doesn't speak icelandic, so everyone calls him siggi. his restaurant is a small family business that first opened in 2003 with the same concept it still has today. >> we have two kinds of soup. we always change them. one veggie and one meat soup. today we have a mushroom soup, both of them are cream based, so mushroom soup and the other one is a hungarian meat soup. what makes it hungarian is more like paprika, cumin, onion in it and mixixed vegetables. >> freshly made every morning, the soups are served in a bowl made of bread. >> this is o our choice. it's outside a little bit hard so that the soup doesn't go out. so we just cut it, inside, and

soup goes inside. >> the dish costs around 14 euros, fairly cheap by icelandic standards. and one reason why this little café is so popular with both locals and vistors. he serves about 600 soups a day. >> they enjoyed and that makes me happy. it is one of the reasons i'm still here. ♪ ♪ >> that is all from global 3000 this time. please do drop us a line with your feedback. you can reach is a global 3000 and dw.com or on facebook dw

women. see you next week. until then, take care.

narrator: on this episode of "earth focus," climate change is forcing traditional dairy producers to look for more sustainable methods. in central california, farmers have found wayays to reduce and evenen reue methane gas, while in eastern africa, drought is creating a market for an unexpected source of milk.