>> welcome to globabal 3000! trash in tierra del fuego. plastic waste is endangering wildlife at the southern tip of argentina. the cannabis business: but first, we consider theinal fufuture of globobalization ase covid-19 panandemic forces a major rethink. ♪ an unbridled quest for profit and untamed consumerism

characterized much of the world's economy -- (that is) until the coronavirus hit. theaters, cinemas and bars were shuttered. cities resembled ghost towns. national borders were closed. fleets of planes grounded. travel as good as ceased. millions around the world may see their livelihoods destroyed. as usual, people in poverty -- who benefitted the least from globalization -- are the hardest hit. will the shock of the pandemic realign priorities? or will we pick up where we left off? ♪ >> these old-fashioned globes in a berlin bookshop evoke a time before our planet was plunged into its current crisis. ... a crisis that could well change our world in many ways. what might this mean for globalization and cross-continental cooperation?

we asked four people for whom globalization and its discontents are a major theme of their work. ♪ >> globalization is not toto blame for the virus. >> there nothing like a profit to create the opportunity for political change. >> we can all see now that t n economy that aims ababove all o mamaximize profit t is not sustainable. >> there will be no returning to normal. >> three main scenarios have been sketched out for what mighghnow emergege. the fit t is the undoioing of globalization n --n its present form. french presidentnt emmanl macron says the cataclysm will change the nature of globalisation ... it increased inequalities in developed coununtries. and it was clear that this kind of globalisation was reaching the end of its cycle, it was undermining democracy. so will this prove to be a major historical turning point, similar to the fall of the berlin wall and the end of the cold war?

♪ one possible response -- though it is not what macron wants to see -- it is for countries to seek safety in solitude and self-reliance ... in the process undoing international ties and trade, boosting domestic industries to reduce reliance on global supply chains and just-in-time logistics -- and i instituting large stores of key goods (inn preparatioion for the nenext isis). atatc is an ininternatnal network activis who are critical of wh they termneolibe, ecogical a democrac alternives - iluding fair-tra rules a limits ee trade ♪ > the dister we he seen in the provision of protective face masks goes to show that we need more local manufacturing and local storage facilities, so that things are really available when we need them. without that, not even basic emergency protection measures are possibible.

♪ >> deglobalisation is a political agenda that seeks to reduce international interdependencies. it is not anti-capitalist, but it is anti-free-trade. it resonates with the nationalism of, say, us president donald trump and germany's far-right afd party. ♪ >> the future does not belong to globalists. the fufuture belongs to patrio. the fufuture belongs to soveren and independent nations. >> globalizization as we knknt has failed.. a new worldwe e econic sysystem is e emergg baseseon sovereiei natitional economic c areas. >> some observe say that rubbish and that we e will eventually get back to business as usual. ♪ global trade will resume and thrive; vast amounts of goods will o once again bebe zipping araround the wororld. ♪globalization, they say,asasd ineased d stdards of ling,oods bringing hundreds of millions out of poverty -- and d has alo proved vastly profitable -- for someme.

flyingng around the world will again become a normal everyday activity. global communication is of great benefit to humanitity. so whyhy undo any or all of at? ♪ >> we are going to see a surge in digitalization but we are not going to see a a surgen deglobalisation, because we aren't going to forego the cost advantages of globally distributed manufacturing and a global market. there is no alternative. >> so i in this scenario, trae and trav will recover and thrive, encompassing the globe. and, in any case, decoupling simply can't work in our day and age. ♪ >> people talk a lot about decoupling, , they talk about e end of globalization.. and itit's really a a buzzwordt has s very little practicall meaning. the internet, financial flows, the way susupply chains arae constructed, it't's very didifficult to t think of a fue where alall of that is eliminat. > the horse e - to use and

americica metaphor - the horses out of the barn. the markrket is out of nationl control. the national economymy is very substantntially - in most ples - controlllled by global force. either of supply, or d demand,r of invnvestment, oexpepertise,f labor, somometng. >> ththe german government, fr its part, certainly does not think globalization is in its death throes. >> there is ngoing ba from the globization the pas twenty or thirty years. it n onomomicnd sococl order. ♪> g giv the incculable. it n economic and finanalal cost of the crisis - - with debt l les sosoaring -- wilill environmel protection be sacrificed in the struggle to revive economies? ♪ >> in sociological terms, the pressure to create prosperity will not diminish, even though there are good ecological reasons to want to

e it dimininish. as foror the third s scenario. ththere is a lotot of discussn right t now about a a new een deal. thisis does not rerepresent a n away from globalizatation. ♪ it t is more a visision of w the worlrld should chohoose to rereorient itselelf -- particuy inin the wake ofof the pandemi- and this d does not reprpresea turn cate e a glal ecocono to benefit ordinary people - whil prottingng thenvirononme and mitigating t the climate c cri. ♪ >> we're a at a moment w we things are in flux. there's a lot of uncertainty. anytything could happepen. that winw wiwill closese in, yu know, in six months toto a yea, and thene'll be jujust back to

wherever we land, after that period. >> is the pandemic making people stop and think about what is truly important in life? ♪ if so, perhaps the world will prprefer global l and local solidarityty to consumererism, cocoetition anand careerism.m. ♪ >> w we are discovoverintht society,ococial relalations, te social c contrt, trust among people, , are the biggest asses in the fightht against covid. the question when the dust settles is:: will people forgetetll that? ♪ >> while some people may see the pandemic as a crisis to be resolved as quickly as possible so we can continue on our merry way as before, others see it as an opportunity to rethink basic questions about the way we live -- and perhaps come up with something better. ♪ >> cacaabis is the world's secondosost popur drdrug, ter alcohol l -- iused by an estimated two hundred million

people. ♪ a recent t study estitimatede global mararket could bebe woh $350 b billion dollars a year. thatouldld include b both the illegal and the legal trade. many countries have legalised recreational canannabis and is cultivatioion. and substances from the plant are also being used in medicine - to treat chronic pain, in asthma, and in cancer therapies. some researchers are hopeful it could help treat covid-19. ♪ many cannabis farmers are hoping this trend will continue -- including in the south african nation of lesotho. ♪ >> farmers struggle to make a living here in the highlands of lesotho, where the soil is largely infertile. but it's here that industrial-scale farms have set up a flourishing business... in cannabis. the plant thrives here, thanks to the pure mountain air and clean water.

all staff at the medigrow company have to wear rubber gloves and protective clothing. the ceo, andré bothma, says that is crucial if they are to produce a medicinally pure product. ♪ >> to dadate we haveve spen4 million us dolollars on this facility. we will be doing further investmements when we expand or grow area. this is a very capital intensive industry. and to do it right you need a lot of capital. >> cannabis has been grown here for centuries -until now, on small fields like this one. this smallholder farmer says we should call him clement. he doesn't want to reveal his real name. like his great-grandfather before him, he cultivates the conventional variety of the plant that makes you h high --

and that remains illegal in lesotho. >> when i heardrd of plans to make canannabis-s-growing lelei thought: great, something everyone will profit from. but no: it looks like it will only benefit politicians and their friends, and not the whole of society in lesotho. >> clement is disappointed. he would also like to grow medicinal cannabis on his field. but to do that he would need a license from the government - which costs almost $11,000 dollars. a huge amount he could never raise. so big companinies with capitl thrive legally, while smallholders continue to supply the black market. they both grow cannabis, but the plants raised for medicinal purposes are of a different variety and contain only a minimal amount of the psychoactive ingredient sought by drug users: thc.

the licensed producers have to demonstrate that that is the case in lab tests. what they do want to see a lot of in their plants is cannabidiol or cbd. its anti-inflammatory and cramp-relieving properties are what qualify the substance as a medicine. we talked with the country's health minister. he conceded that since cannabis farming was legalized three years ago, local smallholders have not been among those to profit. > sometimes they won't understand thc and cbd. they say no, try to smoke this. you are dhaka from the backyard. you will spin. you will feel that you are going high. it's not a very small business. it's not a ... of these thing. so most of lesesotho would n t have that muscle to take it up. >> clement says the government has faililed people like himim.

at this secret location he and two helpers pack up his marijuana in small bags for sale. they've been raided repeatedly - but avoid arrest by bribing the police. clement is tired of living this way, andnd says he, too, could grow m medical cannabis. but thethe seeds.other prorobl- >> the seeds come from overseas, and they're denying us access to them. it's a form of oppression. >> andré bothma appreciates the frustration of small-scale local farmers, but says they don't have the means to become legitimate producers. he shows us how his factory makes medical-grade cannabis oil. the equipment alone cost $4 million dollars, he says.

at the same time, bothma is keen to stress how industrial farms like his benefit lesotho. local investors hold more than 30 percent of medigrow - in accordance with government stipulations. what's more, the c company is n the process of creating a total of three and a half thousand jobs - jobs for people like harvest hand mamatseliso nchesa. >> i used to be unemployed. i was stuck at home. but since i i got the job her, i've been able to send my kids to school - and buy us clothths and soap. >> nchesa lives in a hilltop village. her life is typical for a woman in rural lesotho. jobs are few and far between here, but nchesa's own situation has changed significantly since she began working on the cannabis farm. she's now learning english andd math - at a school set up by the company for its workers.

that also makes it easier for nchesa to check her children's homework. their school is also funded by medigrow. the covid-19 pandemic had not yet reached africa when we were in lesotho. but the government did then introduce a lockdown, before easing restrictions on may 5th. as a manufacturer of a medicinal produc t the cannabis farm is one of the few companies that were exempted fromprotective masks. as t b border s clclosedwe wer were uble to return to lesotho, so anandré bothmhma t us this video he took on his smartptphone. >> in a skskype interview he sd peopople were becoming more health-conscious in the face of covid-d-19 - and d demand fors cannabis oil was continuing to grow. he also told us he had offered the government his help in the fight against the virus. >> we've e made ourur lab available to government as the

private sector. but they have chosing to set up their own testing facility. the thing is, the government wants to control the testing themselves. >> clement continued to work during the lockdown.... delivering sacks of his crop to a drug dealer. to fulfil his dream of one day growing medical cannabis and selling it to a processing plant, he would need financial assistance from the government - both for seeds and for a greenhouse. for now, it's s a dream that seems unlikely to come true. ♪ >> we're always on the lookout for delicious snacks -- our latest discovery comes the south pacific. ♪ >> in the solomon islands, most food comes straighthtrom ththe sea or thehe land. ththe main way o of getting tod from the smaller islands is by boat, so eating locally is essential. that means lots of freshish, coconut t and cassava.a. .

...it t also means m mangrove b. they g grow everywherere, d thy form the basasis of a popupular snacack on the islsland. that's what veroninica osiabu s cooking upup for her sister's homestay business. >> today we are making sisisikolo soup.p. how we collect mangrove bean is that we paddle on a boat andnd then we e go to the mamangroved collect it f from the mud.d. and after r it we put itit in g and take i it home. [lauaught] okokay, cut it l like this intno half a and then scraratch it an lili this... [scraping]g] this is s the flesh ththat we t

cook. >> e e squees theheulp by hand, angiginghe water three times until it leses itsolor.. >>i'i'm squeing g the flesh. after this, , i will transnsfet totonother dish, readyoror coo [f[fte] ♪ >> she boils it for ten mitetes befo it't's ti to adadd totonthe other ingrededients:o ththey include c coconut, oni, anand chopped fifish. ♪ after it's cooked a bit longer on n the stove, t the rt isis rich, soupy dish. >> one intereststing thing t mangngrove is thatat it can sta long timime. if youou collect it t this mt, you can eat t another montnth. >> thatat makes it a a reliae source of foodod when otherr gredients aren't available. veveronicand h her ster hohope this unique dish will attracte travelers who are willing torr leave the beaten track to sample an authentic taste of the solomon islands. ♪

>> this week in global ideas we look at one of the many horrible messes we humans havee created -- piles of plastic trash - is time e in southern argentina. it's one of f several problems penguins thereace, as biologist andrea raya rey showed us.s. ♪ >> 500 years ago ferdinand magellan was the first eopean to s sail around t the southerp of sououth america.. 's an icy climate here, and alalso homto t the mellaninic penguins, named after the spanish explorer. [chirping]g] andrea r raya rey has s ventud down h here to tierra a del fo to do someme exploring h hers. she's a biolologist from argentina'a's southern c center scscientific resesearch. shshe and her teteam make regr trips to the remote coloniesff peuinsns her- seveven total..

>we're on our way to isla mailillo. thcololony tre hasasr around 5,000airsrs o magellanic pguguins d 50 pairofof gentoo penguins.thd sisincthe 1970s, but wononly arted d serving it in th90s.s. since thenen it's been g growg cocontinuously.. >> e seas are calm today, enabngng the rearcrcherso bring their equipment on land . the e penguins donon't seem bothered bththe visirs.. ere are several species lingng hertogethth on the island andreaey has won an awd for her insighghts into the e impaf humans on n the birds. mamallanic penguins dig their stst burro in n the ound.. [penguinin squawk soununds] thisis is where ththey lay thr

egeggs and raisese their youngn. but ththe birds' verery survivs influenced by human activity risi seaea temratureres have chchanged marinene food chainsn. for ththe penguins, , it means hunting longnger for food d - h in turn meanans leaving ththeir young alone for longer . and creaeasingheir vulnlnerability toto seagullsd other prpredators. [baby pengnguins chirpining] southern rockhopper pengnsns aremong t the scies hahaest hit c climate changng. they e eat very smalall kindsf prey such as larvae, which a themlveses mossuscepepble to chchges in the tempeturere o the water. so the penguins derive less enenergy fm ththeir food. that has a long-term impact on the populaon.

[bird group p sounds ] >> andreaea rey and herer teae installingng an automatic monitoring system for the they've fitted some of the birds wiwith a specialal chip. a a sensor recorords their movt inin order to trtrack generl actityty acrosthe e colo. nguins do look rather helpssss - on nd, , at lst. but they're exexcellent divevs and swswimmers. sosome magellaninic penguins e it a all the way t to uruguayd brazilil, covering a a distancf 4,00kilolometers. >> penguins arere guardianf thococean. they're also a gauge of how hes arar examining thr fofoodntake, rate, , ables s to see watatfoy ese species dependenon the oan arere faring. >>penguiui go on shohore t mama and raisese their youngngn extremely sensitive phase of eieir live whihich iunderr >ththat from growing pollution. mamaeieir nesting hoholes aregn

increasingly filled with plastic waste, which mainly comemes from the nearby city f ushua.a. >90 percent of the nests coaiain plasc wawast as do e animals' stomas anand aceses. >>sesea currents andnd winds cay the plasastic to placeces you t ththink were untntouched by hn activivity. [wininblowing, w water waves]] > four yearsrs ago, resids of ushuaia teamed up to tackle the trash situation - a blot on the entire city coastline. the initiative was launcd d by ia m murie who w wasppalledd tbybyhe pollution - brought ton thisis remote cityty by the wind anand by sea cururrents. [p[penguins squauawking] >> you see stray dogs tearing r food. it b belgs in a landfillbubut a

>>lot t of it ends up p on stres across the c city. ththen the birdsds come and pk awayt t the rest. we've gotten used to burngng thgarbrbage. thsotimes, wn the snome and pk arris in winr, the tsh is just left on t beach. andt trtrh ends up p in the sea. >ushuaia is called the gate tohe antaric.. the half a a million tououristo descend onon trra del l fuego every year pose a further threat to the largely untouched ecosystem. in 200005, andrea rerey founda group brbringing togetether citizezens' initiatitives and l tour o operators. what they y want to see e is br management o of the tourisim sector, says the group's coordinator, sabrina kizman. >> ththe has been a rise in touris- - especially i in the number of boats with t tourist trips out to t the sea or the

canal. plus there's the improper behavior. there are boats going too close to the islands, and using loudspeakers in the vicinity of the animals. [loudspeaker] >> tourism at one wh nature, tourism that's in harmony is always welelcome. itit's one of ththe human acvities t that can helplp the most to conserveve the enenronment, above all so that the e polations, t cocommunities anand the ecosym remamain as istitine a ssible...... > for the pepenguins that d brbring some welelcome reliefn the ststruggle for survival hee in what is called the e end of the world. ♪ t tt's all from us at glolobl 3000 this we.. don't foet that we love heing from you.

so do drop us a line to global3000@dw.com and visit our facebook page -- dw women. until next time, goodbye!

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