♪ anchor: france marks the 80th anniversary of the famous speech by charles de gaulle. in london,dcast emmanuel macronnny mor is on his way there. fororent trump s selling out the electition. this is one of many comments by the former national security advisor. many people forced from their homes. the u.n. also says many people are staying displaced for longer. hehello, and thanks for joinings hehere on "france 24."

i am claire pryde. we start with a ceremony on the outskirts of paris to start with the 80th annivererry of genenerl charles s de gaulle's appeal to the french population. on june 18, 1940, the world war ii resistance leader used a bbc broadcast from london to urge people to resist the german occupatioion and france. out atal was set mont valerien, and here is "france 24's" clovis casali. clovis: you had representatives from the french army, and you also had the grandson of general de gaulle, general de gaulle who came here to mont valerien after

the liberation and paris in 1940. he was here for the memorial. mont valerien is wearing nazi forces used to round up and execute french resistance fighters. the ceremony today was important as it comes on the 80th appealsary of the famous of general de gaulle made from london to try to mobilize all of those who wanted to fight, to resist the nazi occupation. during the ceremony, there was a reading of this appeal, a reading made by a french officer, and also french military planes flying just over this, alongside british red plumes ofd we saw smoke, luke, whihite, and red, those military planes heading to

london, and that is also where president emmanuel macron is now heading. he will be meeting with the ,rince of wales, prince charles and of course british prime minister boris johnson at 10 downing street. together, they will be looking at some historic documents, documents that show the strong ties between france and the united kingdom, documents telling the story, the special relationship between general de gaulle and winston churchill. winston churchill played a key choosing de gaulle, if you will, as the leader, de gaulle is the man who united the french resistance, but he needed approval, of course, from one of the leaders of the allies, that was winston churchill, who come and in london, gave much needed help to the free french to organize the resistance across

the world and of course especially here in francnce. claire: thank you very much, clovis.. , general charles de gaulle's appeal came bebefore the armiste was signed. catherine clifford has more. catherine: in june, 1914, at a filler's forces -- adolf hitler's forces invaded. many people fled the advancement of the troops as they arrived in paris on the 10th of june. the governrnment was split betwn supporters of the pharmacist and arse -- mistice and those who wanted war. between the 16th and 17th of june, he went back and forth, understand that the government was ababout to give way to

germany. in london, he met with winston churchill and watches very first appeal for resistance, on the 18th of june, 1940, from bbc headquarters, he called on french soldiers to join him in london and to continue their fight. french people would hear the appeal, and it was published in the press pit on the 19th of june, the speech hit the front page, published in france's freezone. the man who was about to sign the armistice with nazi germany. he did so, general de gaulle then repeated his call on the radio waves. [speaking gaulle: french] claire: now, as you just heard,, not ththat many people l listeno

the famous rallying cry lives, but in the end, thousands of men were inspired enough to make their way to england. among them, all of the able-bodied men of an island off the coast of jamaica, as claire rush reports.. thihis island may be smalall, but it was at the heart of the beginning of the resistanance. in response to charles de gaulle's calle to arms, all of the able-bodied men joined the free french forces. troops and civilians, refusing to accept defeat, were also looking to join, including jack. when he was 19, he and his boarded thebrother first french boat to arrive in england. [speaking frerench]

claire r: initially, de g gaulle was rerelatively unknown. most volunteers were unknown and inexperienced. those who are competent were immediately given high-ranking positions. meanwhile, the free french air forces were welcomed at the french air institute, whose director immediately rallieded behind de gaulle. >> [speaking french] claire r: on july 14, the free french forces marched in london before an enthusiastic and united british crowd. there were only 3000 volunteers, but they ultimately gave rise to the french resistance, fighting for five years alongside the allied forces. claire: turning our attention now to a book cruise at the

white house are trying to stop. it iss written by foformer secud advisor john bolton, and it is packed with shocking revelations. bolton says pleaded with china to help his reelection efforts, and the president allegedly said to go ahead. a controversial figure inside the white house, and outside of it, former national security advisor john bolton continues toto ruffle feathers. his new book, "the room where it now become his focal point of a new lawsuit taken up by the u.s. against bolton. they are hoping to hold the booko's publblication, arguing t contains classified information that would compromise classic -- classified national security. pres. trump: that would mean that if he wrote a book, and if the book gets out, he has broken

the law. >> an excerpt of his book published in the "wall street journal," bolton makes a series of allegations against the president, notably that trtrump asked president xi jinping to buy large quantities of agricultural products to help him in the upcoming election. bolton writes, "trump turned the conversation to the coming -- to affect the ongoing campaigns, pleading with shxi to ensure he would win." bolton also writes about the mass, and incarceration's the uighur muslims. it also discusses how secretary say mike pompeo handed him a note in which he mocked trump with an expletive term. if found to be true, bolton's

allegatitions provide new ammunitionon and to critics of trump in the run-up to the electionon. claire: as you just heard, bolton's allegations came the a billy as trump signing condemning the china uighur muslim camps and calling for them to be releleased. they are detained by the chinese internment camps. it is an issue thatt congress and the u.s. presesidet agree on -- they need to act in what they and the united nations have denounced as china's camps, where uighurs and other muslims have been incarcerated. president trump signed the bill, which only got one no vote in congress. the plant sanctions against chinese ofcicials thehey see as reononsible fofor these mass detentns. their assets in the u.s. would

be frozen, and they would be banned from entering the country. human protection of basic rights defines the soul of a nation. the united states urges all countries to join us for an immediate end to this repression . reporter: for china, the bill is yet another attack from washington against its interests. tension is high between the world's two biggest economies over trade come over taiaiwan ad hohong kong, on which china wans to tighten its grip. the u.s. has also accused beijing of mishandling the coronavirus crisis and spreading it to the whole world. china says the bill is washington's latest attempt to damamage its reputation. it says it's camps are meant to turn people away from islamic extremism, releasing a video allegedly y depicting terrorismn the region. it has called on the u.s. to retract its accusations, but the united stations, many countries,

and activists see more than one million people are incarcerated in those camps. more and millions stranded for longer than ever. the latest u.n.n. report on refugees and displaced people pains a dire picture. it reveals that last year, the number of people forced from their homes reached 79.5 million, and some 40% are children. returning home, the fines, is also harder and less likely than inin thehe past. brian quinn tells us more now about displaced people in nigeria and neighboring niger. newn: disemembarking at their temporary home, these refugees, nigeria,hem from m had d previoususly been taking shelter along ththe border with niger, when bandndits overran their locatition and began shooting. this woman's sister was heaviviy pregnant when the attackers arrived. languagage]ng foreign

scores of villagers have been killed inin recent weeks by heavily armed criminal groups operating in westernrn nigeria. murders, kididnappings for rans, and the pillaging and looting of the villages have become increasingly widespread. in the past two months come over 30,000 nigerians have fled from the nortrthern states into nig's marauding region. says more than 70,000 nigerians are now refugees in niger. -- violence has also internally disisplaced persoson. cooperatingnow with niger to move some 10,000 refugees further into the countrtry to betetter protect tm and ease pressure on border villages. [speaking foreign language]

says some 79hcr million people were refugees in 2019, a level unprecedented in the agency's some 70-year history.y. claire: the p premier league started last night, and a minute silence was held for the victims of covid-19. also, players from several teams display their solidarity with the back -- black lives matter movement by kneeling ahead of their football matches. >> back on the pitch, after months of shutdown, goals were not the only thing the teams looks to marked in birmingham, as ashtabula took on sheffield united in the first match since mid-march. replaced byjerseys "black lives matteter," andd theayers took a knenee in

movement, in response to the killing of unarmed blackck man y american police forces. in manchester, man city and arsenal also paid tribute with a minute of silence foror victimsf covid-19 before themselves r racism. knee to protestst > i ieel ashamed, whwhat we e done for this, blackck people aroundnd the w world, notot jusn the usa come of the uniteted states of america, what happened to mr. floyd i think, the problem is racism is everywhere. >> u.s. football will continue with "black lives matter" jerseys for the first 12 matches of the restart. the premier league, like football worldwiwide, has longng beenen marred by racist incidens atat its matches. charity ticket out reports a abe 20% in the 2018-2019

season.. claire:: that is it for now. thanks for watching. ♪ catherine: hello there. i am catherine nicholson of "france 24" " here in luxembourg city with the perimeter of luxembourg. -- prime minister of luxembourg. thank you for having us. i would like t to start with the covid-19 crisis in luxembourg. inhas dramatically dropped days and weeks. is the crisis over? pm bettel: no.

we won the first fight against the virurus, but to win the fig, it is too early. nobody died the last two weeks, two and half weeks. people are knowing that their part of the solution, but it is also part of the problem. really from rules and restrictions, restrictions to recommendations, and i really trust the population. we did not win the fight yet, but we won the first round. catherine: a big change of the last few days has been the reopening of the internal a town epitomizes the movement of -- free movement around europe. but also perhaps a concern on

the health front. pm bettel: business and how's this one thing, but also for people, because we are -- houses are one thing, but also for people, because we are close to three borders, so we were in effect locked down in our own country. catherine: did that surprise you, annoy you, that your european neighbors gave you such disregard?d? pm bettel: to say that closed borders, it is a psychological aspect, now we are locked in, there's borders, a bararrier, we are going to stop the virus, which is a stupid answer, because never barrier, never a border stops a virus. as you said, the first thing, the most important topic for my country was the health system. about 60% of the persons working in luxembourg are commuters coming from these three

countries, and i talked to my three friends around luxembourg, the german chancellor, the french president, say if you close the border, we would die come our country would die. us, "we understand the situation, so we cannot close the borders," so we even had passes to get faster through the borders. we were even able to take french citizens to luxembourg, even if we have a small, limited capacity, we were able to show them that we are partners and not enemies. and for business is one thing, but the most important thing was couldmpression that they give up like this, and just because of a virus. i think it is a mistake. catherine: wasas a perhaps a sin that european solidarity, which is so talked about, , actually s very fragile and canan disappear in a moment? pm bettel: i have to tell you

that european solidarity was, like, a roller coaster, it was like a roller coaster. we had moments where we really felt solidarity. youexampmple, in the news, were not able to find a positive position. we were ablele to find some positive solutions we were able to agree on a deal to help also the countries that suffered the most from the virus, but then when we had a common problem, everyone wants to have a an individual answer. catherine: that can be a dancer, if there is a second wave of infection, perhaps. pm bettel: i think we have to realizing aand by common answer would have been much more efficient, even if we have to admit that the differences between the in thiss were too big crisis to say that there was one potion for everyone and would work for everyone.

but i hope for now, for the vaccine, if we are able to have this vaccine, that we would be able to not to just have this view, "my country first, my country first," it is europe, and weakest first, so we would be able to have the distribution of the vaccines first for the most v vulnerable in this crcri. but to close the borders for me was an e error, i have to admit, and espspecially when we are not coordinating. country's choice, and we have to respect it. catherine: this coronaviruss papandemic has ushered in an economic crisis for europe and other parts of the world as well. at the same time, we are looking at the u.k. fully leaving the european union at the end of this year, after exiting his transition period. u.k. has confirmed i it will not be asking for an extension to the transition, despite the

disruption from the pandemic, a lack of progress in talks, it would seem. what do you think are the chances the u.k. might leave this transition period without a formal deal for a future relationship with the eu? pm bettel: i think it is not in their interest. so i -- [laughs] we negotiated with boris the deal, and now they still want to the deal isfor me, strong. we should respect the deal, and it would bee a nightmare for boh parties, but also for the u.k. there would be no winner. we are all loserers with this brexit. there is no winner. this is their decision, we have to respect it, i regret it, but there is no winner. now they wilill say whatever we want, and they will accept whatever we want, because they need the u.k. we see it already now that we, together, with the u.k., are stronger when we were together, so to think that without a deal, and having a no deal, and having

havinglations, no -- them to start again to negotiate for future relations is not in the interest of the u.k. twice if i would be sittingng in westminster. catherine: when you say that we exists, i'm a deal assuming you are talking about the political declaration that went alongside t the withdhdrawl agrereement and was meanant to y the groundwork for the formal deal, the treaty. do you feel the u.k. is going back on its promises in the political declaration right now? pm bettel: you know, the problem is, i have worked with three british prime ministeters, david cameron, theresa may, and now boris johnson. may did not always agree with david cameron's position, he defended, then theresa may change, and boris johnson, and boris johnson did not agree all the time we theresa may's position. now i am in the situation where boris johnson is disagreeing with his own position.

i hope that in westminster, they will agree that once we decided to find a common solution, and to respect -- it has to be respected! it is the backbone of the agreement. and without a guarantee also of standards, it is not because one is here. i do not say which one is here, and the order is here, but then you have to lower down the safety, the security, and the guarantees. , well, we can is -- it's too late. catherine: looking at the eu's future, the 27 remaining member states, the cu recovery plan, this eu recovery plan, post-coronavirus, it is a plan pushed by france and germany, your two enormous neighbors, it would be mutual borrowing from all member states fofor grants to be given outcome of money given to member states

worst hit by these pandemic. there has been pushed back from the so-called "frugal states," let's be honest, they are the richest state in the eu, calling for a high proportion of money to be given out as loans, which would be given back eventually. your country is the wealthiest in the eu per capita. do you have sympathy for that position? pm bettel: no. no. for me, we have to be able to also give -- we have to have the principle of solidarity. i cannot understand, "if we did, we want guarantees," just to say no is not acceptable. we need to be around the table. we should not forget, germany was also part of it, but now germany is against come in the normal, i call it "the normal," i call myself a normal country, as a luxembourger, but i do not agree that you come to brussels with the paper, howow much we ae

paid, how much will i get, and , i want toget enough pull out. the u.k. are leaving, so why , i hope that we will be able. i hope that the position is important, because we need to mobilize money instead of saying we are able to give mutual guarantees. i do not care about the money. it is most important that we show solidarity to these countries, but i cannot understand from these frugal countries that they want guarantees, that it is used for some reason, and there will be also monetary. this for me is also important. it is to balance one or the other, b but i am in thehe midd, and "we, we, we" think it is balance for the moment. catherine: some say this moment, moment -- doe, a

you agree it is a federalist europe? pm bettel: no, it is a step in a common project, that is for sure. we cannot deny it is a project in a common view, common responsibili

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