>> w welcome to "global 3000." drought is on the rise in tunisia, and water is becoming an ever-more precious resource. how are farmers there coping? we look at the meat industry and find out what conditions are really like for workers employed by german slaughterhouses. transport is known to be highly stressful for livestock. why does the meat industry persist in ignoring the welfare of the animals and people it relies on? meat. it seems the world can't get

enough of it. from poultry, to steaks, to fast food, o over the past 6 60 years,s, annual globalal met production has shot up fivefold, to 333 million tons. argentina, australia, and the u.s. are the big three when it comes to per-capita meat consumption. the meat-industry is profit-driven, and animal welfare is often low priority. transport can be torture for animals, but in the eu alone, the industry transports 350 million mammals and around a billion poultry to abbatoirs and feedlots each year. there are eu regulations governing animal transport, but the meat industry continues to violate them. >> across the world, amamals ththat a stillll ave are p p on trucks and ships to beraraded frfrom one countntry to anothe-

eieither for slalaughter, or te fatted befeforslaughteteat their enend destinatioion. trtransporting t these animalsn take dayays, and animal welfae organinizations are e warning t animals are often suffering immensy alalong e way.y. >> it was last summer on t the roroute om romoman to greeeec, anand it was extremely hotot,t was 40 degrerees outside. one transport stopped d along e road, anand there was one lamb lying on the f floor, anthee floor was not t bedded witithw dudust or straw, i it was pure metatal floor. imagine, i in this heat, i its justst a hot b boilinglate. >> the eu has specific anima otecectionegulatatio when itit memes to trapoport tes, spac t tempetures,s,nd access to food and water. >> unfornatetelythe

legislation is not striningent enenough. soso the are stilllly loopholes, a and it is also nt applied ththe way it should b, so there are regegular viotions even of whatat is written in te law. > the german farmers' associciation does n not agree. >> within n the eu, therere ia relatively tight surveveillane network. that mayay be a different stoy outside ofof the eu. >> befe e a transpsport vehiee setsts offn the e euan officicl veteterinarian hasas to sign on whether the e regulations s he beenen enforced bebefore depar. but whether r the regulatitione still being followed angng the way oftenen hd to chehe. that's where the gern n welfar oup ananims' angelelcomes in. th monitorong-didiance

trtransportations, document t n regulations are being viviolat, anand communicatate the violats to authoritities. >> g generally, theyey are overcrowded d -- there are jut too many animals inside sohahat ththey cnot momoveppropriaialy oror reach drinkining devices. or thehe traveling t times, ty are also oftften vermuch exceededed. so i inste of 29 hou onn board, which i is already y vy lolong, the animalals are proby 30, 35, we obsbserved up to 60 hours on board ten,n, the authoriritiesouldn't believeve us if we d didn't he proof,f, but with vivideproof, there is no escape.. >> evevery year, the eu also exports roroughly 800,00000 cs and 2.6 million shp p and gos to couountes outsisi the eu. animal welfafare groups cocompn that therere is no contrtrol r how these animals are begg treaeated ce thehey ave eu territory y and enter cocounts that oftften don't havave the e

stanandards of animamal protec. inin the past, v videos of eu-d animals being mistatated in e middlele et and nonoh africa have caused a stir anim welelfareroups s ar asking to trtransport animimalo the closesesslaughter r house d then export the meat i insteadf transpsporting animamals thate still l alive. >> why are they trspororte ale and nonot dead? it's all a about the moneyey because unfortrtunately, it's cheaper r to transportrt them e thanan chilled meaeat,ecause yy need spepecial trucks s whichn cool t the meat, andnd apparey it's m more expensivive, they , thanan to ansporort e live animals. >> the german farmers' sosociatioagrerees tt long-distanctrtranspor f for ththe puose ofof sughterininan animal abroad are superfouous. >> in teterms of animals meant for slaughter, we'e're clearly

agait t longisistance transports. but t it's a different situatin for r breeding animals. they s still have to p perfort their deststinatn, so ofof course, they have toto be tread wewell. > animal righghts activiststs belilieve the reasason breedingg animals are export a and trad is thahat bor coststin some countries are chear r than i hers.. sot's morereconomical to fatten anilsls in ity oror spain than in germany or denmar the german farmemers associatin saysys it has to d do with logistics. >> it'not t a qution of econom but a questn n of markets and specialization. and in spain, ity, france, holland, a and austria, , the l market i is much biggeger thane in germany, , so these c calves will be e sent there foror fattening.

> that means s our consumpn behavior hasas a big influluenn what animalsls are bei e expore to wre. >> dignity -- there's not much of that around for animals in the meat industrtry. nor is there for the people working in its abattoirs. the union stock yards in chicago, built in 1865, was for a long time the world's leading and most notorious meatpacking district. most of the people who wororkd there were migrants. they earard a pittance and endured exoioitation and discrimination. >> sadly, such conditions are still all too common in the meat industry, as we found out at two companies in northwestern germany. >> it's pretty clear what this company is all about, even from outstside its gates in rheda-wiedenenbrück - -- anims

for barbecue meat onhihich totöies hahas ilt its renown anprosperity t after decades success the firmas becomengulfedn scandal,s more tn 1500 workers sted posive for coronarus. has spread rapiy y due the poor workingndnd livg conditio for thetaff, wh e mostlyrom eastern rope. the ststate of theirir accommododation is an n open se. activist, inge bultsninieder, habeen p prosting fofoyears against the e inhumane praract, even setting up a citinsns' ininitiative. she tatakes us to sesee a work' dormrmitory, whichch until recy was home to 13 romannn buhersrs. inside, we'rmet t by pungent enench. e wallllare coat in mold mply busess as ual for tönnies contractorkekers cal residents we awawaref their ightht, t turned a blblind e, unlnle inge bultltschnieder. >> w we were protetesting oute ththis building back in decemb, 2018. it's been knowfofor ages.

>> this man, who wishes not to be ned, , slav away y as subcontractor at toönnies forr two o years. >> the hours were thwoworst ing about it. you'd ststart at 1:00 inin the afternoon n and fininish at 00n the e morning. >> overtime wasn't paid,itither. he eed up p quting. and tönnies is sadadly no exception n in germany.. the e massive weststfleisch slaughteterhouse lies s aboutn hohour and a halalf's drive a. it also relilies on hundreredf eastern european butchers. manyf ththem contracteted the cocoronavirus. a grououp of demonststrators in frfront of the g gates includeds cacatholic priesest, peter kos. he s says that thihis is nothg short ofof modn slavaver >> they'y're working 60-0-hour weeks or morore. people are having toivive in moldldy, orcrowdwdedumps.

these e workers get t carted hen papackedinivanans d buses,s,he health risk is so ghgh, and nt to o prest agaiait it. > in the neigighboring communitity, we come a across a run-n-down, far-totoo-small dormitory for westfleieisch workers. the mostly romann n names the door belong to people oo haveve beein gererma for a l lg titime, but therere's little supporort from theirir employeo integrate ththem. >> it's ofteten the case t that migrant workers from eastern and southern europe are rere for r manyears, , budon't gege the opportrtunity to leaearn ge. and ththey should bebe given s opportunity, because they li re, , theifamililiesften joioi em.. theyey should be ablble to beca papart of societety and take t in social lilife. >> gududrun bauer hahas been oe rhrheda-wiedenbrbrück towown cl for 2020ears, and has seen works s categocalllly margininalized and o oppressed. >> very, v very sadly, t theree those hehere in our lololy ton

who think ouour problems a arel caused by y workers fromom easn eueurope. i've also d d heard aboutt situations w where people e who looked like e they might come from romanania were spatat aty germans, b by people whoho live amonongst us. >> tönnnnies and weflfleisch - company namemes now synonymous wiwith mass coronavirus inctioions a the e expitationn of human beings. >> of course, there are very different ways of rking wiwith animals, w work that utitilizes ththeir often exexceptional tat. >> d dogs can help war v vetes overcomeme post-traumatic ststs didisorder. and dolphins can offer support to people with l learning disasabilities. animals can also help enhanc learning in the classroom, like in the dutch caribbean island of curacao.

>> this is bob. he's not just any flamingo. he's a flamingo with a mission. and he's great with kids. bob has become famous in curaçao and beyond. and always by his side is odette, the vet who saved the flamingo when he flew into a hotel window and collapsed. >> they posted it, and within 10 minutes, i was in front of them. i was like, "hi, i am here for the flamingo." and they were like, "wow." >> he could no longer extend his left wing, and his feet had gone stiff. there was no way he could go back into the wild, so odettee took him under her wing. >> and i was like, "oh, his name is flamingo bob." and i was like, "bob, yeah, why bob? he doesn't look like a bob." and now he's famous. [laughs]

>> bob now has a new purpose in life, thanks to odette. once a week, the pair head off to school together, with bob in the passenger seat. >> i have had the reaction like, "oh, is he real?" like, people really think he's fake. so they think i run around with a fake flamingo next to me, which is also fine. >> now comes one of odette's favorite moments. >> oh my god. >> promoting animal welfare, with bob as her sidekick. after a quick introduction, the children and flamingo get better acquainted. the children are much shyer than bob, who is well versed in these meet-and-greets. odette spent months training him. >> the message is to make children fall in love with the wildlife. he's an ambassador, so through him, they will have a little bit more understanding of what

they will see in the wild. >> she then teaches them about plastic waste and animal conservation. a discarded old kite can be a death trap for flamingos and other animals. >> a l lovely big flamingo lie bob could get tangled up in this and wouldn't be a able to escape, he'd be crying, "help, help!" >> with bob, the message really gets across. >> i t think we need to take better care of animals. >> plastic isn't good for them. >> the fight for animal welfare is vital here. curaçao has an astounding variety of species above and below the water. but humans have left their mark. all kinds s of plasticic washep here and is left lying around. as well as nylon thread and fishing hooks. odette has had to surgically remove this plastic waste from

animals. her job as a vet is never over. she works around the clock. now 46-years-old, she's been rescuiuing wild birds since childhood. she found this one-year-old flamingo very ill, and spent months helping the bird, named odi, recover. >> they need to not be tame. rehab is not cuddling. rehab is w wild animals that ae hurt, you help them, and then you put them back as soon as you can. >> it's bob's job to keep odi company, because flamingos are very social animals. she's getting released back into the wild tomorrow. odette currently has 45 wild animals in her care. she needs 80 kilos of food a week, plus cages, medicines, bandages, and a lot of time. she could not manage without donanations. >> do you ever stop working? >> no. yeah, when i sleep.

>> but all the hard work pays off, especially on days like today, when healthy animals go back into the wild. >> goodbye. >> odette has been bridging the gap between humans and animals for 18 years. and perhaps, it's bob who's helped her to win the most hearts. >> our global ideas series is all about environmental and climate protection. this week, we go to tunisia, where the effects of climate change are becoming increasingly noticeable. in the area around kairouan, the soil is dusty. it's bececoming hard for farmes to cultivate their land. water has become a luxury. fewer and fewer farmers here have enough of it. >> for many people around the world, it's easy to imagine an unending supply of water. not so here.

tunisian farmer, cherif chehaibi, needs a lot of water to irrigate his olive groves and vegetables, so he has three cisterns to collect rainwater. he takes pride in his work. he owns 90 hectares of land, which is a lot for the kairouan region. he's never been short on water before. >> we can pump six liters per second onto the fields. in summer, the system runs f fr 16 to 17 hours a dayay. we use less water in the cooler winter months. there's still enough rain. and with our well, we always have enough water. >> not everyone's situation is as comomfortable. just 10 kilometers away, beyond these mountains, life is much harder. most families here have to walk several kilometers to the nearest water source, several

times a day. rjab zaghdoudi needs 250 liters of water every day just for his animals and fields. he needs an additional 40 liters for himself, his wife, and three children. >> it's really tough for the people who live in this region. it takes everyone so much time to fetch water. wewe're tired of d doing this y day,y, our children can't keep doing this, it's a burden on the entire region. we still have no running water at home. it affects our quality of life, it's so hard. we're all trying to find solutions. >> cisterns that collect rainwater runoff could offer the people here some relief.

the german development agency, giz, is building a hundred of them. until now, much of the rainwater here was going unused. >> the cisterns catch the rainwater that runs off the houses, which can be used in the household as drinking water, and for irrigation, too. the farmers can use it to grow almonds, olives, and rosemary, which don't require as much water. >> water scarcity in the arid region has long been a political issue, and one that the government in the capital tunis is trying to resolve. almost all the ministries are involved in some way, but especially the ministry of agriculture. the shortage of water has become a crisis. >> there's unbelievable pressure on this resource right now. the groundwater level is sinking and we're having to go

deeper and deeper. there are areas where it's now five meters down, which is really unbelievable. wewe need intelligent watetr meters and digital water management. i'd also like to see new personnel trained as managers in this sector. so we need to promote development and research. it's about raising people's awareness, but above all, it's about training. >> the giz development agency advises farmers and has set up what it calls water forums. constructive strategies are developed there, and farmers can discuss together which plants they could grgrow that would use less water. >> we have a really unusual situation in the region we're

in now. therere's basically no groundwater left, , because to much of it has been used up over the years. so the farmers are now having to resort to water from dams. >> the farmers get their water from this embankment dam. it supplplies more than half a mimillion people in tutunisia. but as water levels decline, it's being pumped further and further across the country. and that has a direct impact on the people here. for the past four years, there's been far too little rain. >> we need a strategy for building new dams, a strategy for tranansporting water, a strategy for the regions where there's only rainwatater, anda strategy for using less water in general. the people of tunisia need to ununderstand that they need to use water much more efficiently than they have been doing so far. >> pressure is m mounting, evn on the farmers whoho didn't t k

they had to worry about their water supply, like cherif chehaibi. in some places, water is actually being stolen. >> the groundwater has already fallen considerably. the ministry carries out annual assessmentnts, and it'ss contininuing to fall. and on top of that, there are 35 illegal wells in this areaa alonone. only four wells were built with permission. it's a really terrible situation. >> there are an estimated 20,000 illegal wells in tunisia. that's why raising awareness of the problem is so important. if nothing changes, farmers and their animals will no longer be

able to survive in these mountains. and then, the region might soon become uninhabited. >> and now, in global living rooms, we check out a rather ununusual home i in belize. >> hello, welcome. my name is alilisa. we're hehere at the chchaos oa, my homome in southern belize. come in.n. thisis is our bedrdroom, living room, chill area. this is a great space for yoga,

bubut not with dogs. because you see, that's why, because we can't do it. it is all madede from bottlel. just one of these arches, approximately 220 bottles on eachch one. and then b bond beams, whihiche the beams whwhich is whitete e and which h has got the e glypn that o one. ththey are madade from plastic bottleles. and we've aligned it south, north-south. so in the morning, we get the morning sun, and it's the afternoon now, so you can see we getet all the ligight comin. anand the sunsetet, because wee a red floooor, everythining gs pink. an earthshipip is a self-sustaining building that is built out of recyclable materials, so it's a building, if you're in the north or in the equatotor, it's meant t top yowarm or r ep you cool. it's earthquake proof, hurricanane proof and d it cols its s own rain watater. it's solar powered, and it's built out of recyclalae

materials. so this we kept as a truth window. so a t these bps, , you e, that you don't reallsee e ar all the reres, a then n throw ththese in, throw w them, throw ththemn, and t then you cover r it up a bit t with cem. and that is when you get -- this is how me make all of our bottles, the outside ones. so they'y're all two b bottlest in half and th cleleaned you have t to clean n every sie one, youou have to dryry every single o one, and thenen you e them t together. and d you basically mamake its thick k as you want t your wa. okay, thank you very much for visiting, and ifif you're evern bebeze, come t to the south,h,e see the ruruins of lubaaaantun. and come and seeee us. thank y. auf f wiedersehen,n, that's myy german. bye, bye.

> and now, itit's time for o say goodbye, too. that's all from "global 3000" this week. do write and let us know what you enjoyed about the program, global3000@dw.com. see you next week. [captioning performed by the national captioning institute,

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