> welcome to "global 3000." people all over the world are taking a stand against racism. in g gmany, activists and scholarsearch for lutions to the country's racism problem. the elephants s are coming. in india an alarm system warns villages when the massive mamammals are headed their wa. but firswe go to hg kong , where protesters are using blank pieces of paper to symbolize the end of freedom of expression. the fate of this small corner of china was determined by

opiu it was here in the 19th ceurury that the british manufactured the drug and sold it to china. the chinese emperor trieied to stopop the opium trade, but te british increased pressure, attacked china and occupied hong kong. in the years that followed, treaties were signed that grgranted e brbritish 99 yeaearf rule over hong kong. during those years, it grew into a financial metropolis. in 1997 the leasing agreement expired. the british handed hong kong over, but the so-called administrative region was to remain autonomous for 50 years. but then beijing began to intervene politically, and more and more members of the pro-democracy movement began taking to the stets. in 2019, t the situationon escalated d and mo thahan a million hong kong residentegan tookart t in ptests.s. originally the demonstraonons re a again a prorosed extritition w, andndhen turned intopopposion to o e inueuence chinana communist pay. bunow w a w national securyy

law has silenced the demonstrators. >> a lot has changed in hong kong. you can see it on the streets. it used to be that many cafes and restaurants exexhibited popost-it notes s with pro-dedemocracy sayiyings wrin on them. now the notes are all blank. it's the same for cafe owner dickson. the blank poster is the new form of protest. written policacal statentsts areow too riy. >> the policcoululd t the natial s security law w into effect. just being accused could lead to arrest and imprisonment. >> demonstrators holding up blank signs. over night, political opininios haveve become a a dangerous in g -- become dangerous and hong kong. as soon as the new -- new national security law was instituted, the first arrest

came. a young man with a flag, demanding hong kong's independence. just in the last few weeks, ten people were arrested under the new law. no one knows which political slogans are still allowed. >> you shouldn't be left guessing. although the advantages that people are guessing is that they are more cautious and perhrhaps less willing to spek out. that may be what's desired. >> public libraries and school libraries are now being forced to remove books that aren't following the party line. books by democracy activists have already vanished. most teachers are dishshearten. but resistance could cost them books their job.cy activists many in hohong kong won'n't exs their r criticisms i in public.

>e see that freedom of spee, , freedoof t theress, orelution wl come bk tont.on wng kong this 21 centuryural >> the youer g genatioion s be especiay involv in the pro-decracy moment. orelution wl come bk tont.on now schos are beg targetyural by beijing's so-call securit law. pro-decracy moment. orelution wl come bk tont.on noev statemes that tchersural make in n private are e beig momonitored. >> they receive the complaints on teachers, on their political opinions, on social reforms. they then ask the school to look into, investigate, or give warning to teachers.

it's a great difference from before. >> the atmosphere at schools has changed, according to these students cake and kfc. they use the nicknamesesecause they don't want bee recognized. a nth h ag cake's music classs ose ththe so gloryryo hong kong for a class project. the song had become a hymn in th♪ >> studenents in schoolols d pununiversies d develed it,t, me video and then spread it on socicial mia. it wasas often sung g at pro-dedemocracy demomonstrati. ♪ >>ut cake's music acacher paidg the song a subje of f the schohoolxam. she was fired. >> i'm one of the students that presented the song in music class. now i f feel guilty..

the teacher wawas fired becaue of that song. we never thought it would have such terrible consequences. >> the thing that angers ce and kfc the most comed-- k kfc e most, the reasason gen foror firing the teacher w was that teachers shohouldn't influluee theieir students.. but patrtriotic songs s praisg chchina's commununist party arae allowewed in t schchool. >> the song, without the communist party, there would be no new china, is not defined as a political song. why should glory to hong kong be considered a political song? an16 year ds can'tcceptto con4 a free hong kongo o long change. exexts. the same streets whera

million n people marchched o dedefend their r rights, insecy and fear are now the new nmamal. forortutely, in other pts of the world, people can make their voices heard on the street. all around the globe, millions are demonstrating against racism. the dehumanization of people with dark skin has occurred since time immemorial. it was even used as a justification for slavery. for some, it's hard to believe that these prejudices are still so entrenched in peoples' minds. how can we get rid of them? ♪ >> i can't breathe. the last words of george floyd. his death sparked protests

around the world, including in germany. >> sperry ansising rism mama -- experiencg raraci make you feelowerlele. >> even ththe term 'racece' ia hihistorical relelic, discredd as a biologigical concept.t. >> being black in germany means having to constantly j justify your humanity on every level. >> last year there wasas a 10% increase in cicist incidentstsn germany. 1 1,176 in totatal. >> for a countntryike germrman, whwhich is forevever boasting t its democratic crededentials, t good enougugh. examples of everyday racism. e frfrom, being adaddressed in english alall the time n not bg recogngnized as a cicitizen of gegermany ing stared at. a steady hum of hohostility tht never goes away,y, that's hardo pinpoint.

>> racacism in germany is ve subt. the effect of micro-aggresons is very y under-timamate every timeme a black pererson a person of cocolor leaves t thr home, they'll l experience hundreds of f incidents ofof ra. and they r really add upup. >> symymptoms of a d deeply-rod probm. by and l large racist t attits in gmanyny arettribubuteto indiduals, a matter of personal p prejuces. but in fact there is cle evidence of structur racismm across society. >> it starts w with ignonce e f ththe existence, f dececad, of black k germans. we're not seseen as belonging o

>> philophphers gel anankant shapaped the age o of enlighten. but to them, human rights were white rights. in t the 19th centntury, southt afririca was colononized by thee german empire its people subjugated. the racece-based nurememberg l, designed t to protect gegerman blood , were introduced 1935. according to the reich tizenship law, a citizen was only someone descended from germans. >> i can i imagine that gegers are tired ofof having g to keep dressing their history. but ththere'no w way rnd it.t. there has toto be a willinings to dig deep p into this vevery bloody, mumurky past. > afr ththe second wororld war, manyny africacan-american g gis remad in germanyny andtarteded filies. it w an oppounity forgermane

divee societ but ese chilen were ten osacized, d many wen were forn up for overseas adoption. stst germa wasas noteady t to osabecome less s white.re forn whwhile communisist east germy flew in contractct workers frm socialist african countries such as mozambique, only to eventually sent them back. many chapters in its history explain why black people don't feel at home in germany. mainstream culture is white culture, and mososof the population i is unaware of its white privilege. >> i call this state of being happyland. middle-class society a and peoe on the left have undststood that racism is bad, but they e it as a right-wi p problem.te on the left have undststood an>> there is s now fresh debate ouout how rmanany reflects on

its raracist past. b but again, this tacklkles the symptptoms,t e root causes. simply expunngng the wd rarace from germany's basic l l won't eradicate racism. and white people nd to alize it not just a prlem for blk people, d merely expressingympathy is no wheree near enonough. >> it's vivital that criticismf racism is built into the educatioion system. information n multipliers,s, educatorors, racism and diririminati arere issues that need to be part of their training. weweeed control mechanisms for inststitutions, inindependet controback in >> racis is a problelefor sociy as a wle.. no one can ignore it. >> all persosons shall be e el befofore theaw, , declares

article 3 of the german basic law. it's a promise that germany needs to delivern n oncend for all. >> they need fire wood to cook, fields to harvest food and a place to l live. in i india, 1.3 bibillion peoe need every bit of space eyey can t. in t the last 20 y years, 18,0 square k kilometers ofof fest have been cleared to accommodate the expansion of cities and settlements. but the habitats of many imals have been destyed in e process. in the southern indian state of karnatakaka that has r resuld n human-wildlife conflict, sometimes with deadly results. >> tirumalappa's morning hasn't got off to a very good start. the coffee farmer is assessing the damage caused by his ununlcome visitors, the elephas.s.

it's's not the firirst time thee pesky papachyderms havave caud damama to his plantation. lucky,nlnly the or w was bken down today. over the yearsrs, the imalals have ruined 7 hehectares of rie fieldsds, as well as many ffee plants and palm trees. >> elephants have a huge impact on our livelihood. leading our daily life has become very difficult. ththe elephants s damage whatr we c cultivate. >> t the latest enencounter, however, wasas different.. message he recieved in time lplped himvert a aajor sasaster on his plantati.. > aeek ago, i got aalalerta elepha in this area. one e ofy labourers was t the

called someo elslse,ho alert heidn't havehim.ho, , so i elepha in this area. e elelepnt was rht there not forhis warng, heaurerwawas. would ha b been tackeded>> hasar timalappa lives, h s some ththlargest populatis ofof wd asian elephas s in iia. they live molyly in e plantations, monoculreres an paddy fielelds around ththe to. conflict witith humans begegao get seriouous around thehe 19, when this didistri, whicich ed to be largely forest, ben n to beme u urbised. the forests nonow highly fragmented, , and largly r repd by human habitions. >> wild elephants have wdedered intoto theillageges malali i d ramenahalli. villags,s, please be v vigilan. please be vigilant. >> thehe forest depapartment t stay on n their toes t to keep

elephants s and humans o out of confnflict. vinod krishnan is part of nc a coervavation organisisation thatat has been woworking in e area sinince 2015 to d develop technolology-led solututions to alalert locals o of elephans prprence, as a gentle way of enriring no ves s are st ogln either side. >> in this study area there have been about 39 human deaths in the last ten years, and most of them, more than 60% of the cases , people didn't know there were elephants in that area. probably, , if they hadd informatation, these i incides could d have beeeen avoided.

>> in 201717, the ncf lalaunchn early warnrning stem, , thfirst of its kind in the region, that covers 220 villages in hassan district. it is a free service for which locals can sign up by registering ththeir mobile numr with the organisation. >> thihis is a publilic service announcemement. wild elephanants have e been sighted near the vilillages. we r request you a all to be vigilant at t all times. >> a aone registered routinely reivives ales inin the local languauage kannadada about the possible location of the elephahants, as wellll as additional wnings in thingngs ok e espially riy. thiss done through bulk sms-, voice ssagages as well elephahants, as wellll as asighand led alerert lights.ss >> because o of these interventionons, the averarage human deaths have come down to as low as one, and in ththe lat one year thehere have beenen no human deaths in the study area.

which has never happened in the hihistory of hassan in a long ti.. >> the s state forestt departmement's rapid r response am supportrts ncf's effortrts. this group of 48 people is mostly locals who have been trained by thehe forest department t to physicallyly tk ththelephant herds so that therisis conant anand upted infoation abt theirlocatio. the integreded comnication syst h has bught a aut a broadeder change to o the lalationship peoeople and elephahants share ththere. i would say the most remarkle change at i wou sein people is that theye reced chasing elephants. when we started working here and ifif there were elephants n a coffee estate, they were chased to the next coffee estate. but after repeatedly interacting with them and

tellining them not t to disturb elephants during the day, i think it's played a huge role. because they have changed their attitude. they said that okay we will not disturb the elephants. that has reduced the stress on elephants as well. >> t the warning s system hs helped reducuce conflict i n hassan district. but as morfoforest ld isis set ide for dedevelopment, thehem hs future of f human-elephahans co-existence remains fragile. 00 >> seen from a disnce, it's breathkiking, oublueue plat. ananalthough it has abdance of water, lyly 1% it is suitlele for human consumptn.n.

despite this srcitity,eople are ofn n wastul wititthe prececio resourc ththisombined th risisg temperures is using ma regionto suffesevere drghts. and thats leavinpeople arnd the wld literly siing on d land. >> on the way to an oasis, or rather, what's left of it. halim sbai, who grew up here in southern morocco, wants to show us what climate change looks like in the desert. together with an acquaintance, he's cutting down a dead palm tree to make furniture from the wood. that's because these trees have not borne fruit, like dates, for a long time. thanks to advancing sand dunes, the palms didn't have much of a chance. >> in a way, we are paying our last respects to this palm tree. this is now a graveyard. alall we have left is the remas

of that palm tree. the oasis is sinking into the desert sands. for years, it's been getting hotter and hotter. and while rainfall has been decreasing, sandstorms are on the rise. not so long ago, halim's father planted many palm trees here and lived well from bountiful date harvests. >> why does this c cemetery exi? the answerer is simple. it's a lack of water. and this shortage is c caused y climate change, and its accelerating the desert's expansion. >> for you its the glaciers in the mountains that are disappearing, halim says, for us it is the oases. the villagage of m'hamid el ghizlane, on the edge of the

sahara. onlyly a patchwork of oaoass remain. agriculture is only possible on a few plots of land. the farmer lahbib bahadi cultivates a small vegetable garden here, on what's left of the tillable land. the 61-year old has eleven children, most of whom have long since left the region. farmer bahadi does not know how long his garden will be able to keep blossoming. although he has his own well, he frequently has to dig deeper for water. >> the future? it looks like this. the boys have to look for wowok somewhere else. only my generation, the older generation, stays here. >> the sand dunes are already encroaching on his garden, only

a few palm trees are left to remind him of the former oasis. 7000 people live in m'hamid el ghizlane, and most of the inhabitants have left the village. halim sbai runs a small cafe here, and he also works as a tourist guide. he is fascinated by how the climate is changing his home country. chemist meryem tanarhte is researching this exact subject at the university of casablanca. studies predict that the temperature in north africa will rise twice as fast as the global averagege. >> the hot desert climate e wil be worse in ththe future, and especially in the e summer. the increasese of temperature

will be upup by two degrees, threree degrees. >> two thirds of all oases in morocco have disappeared over the last century. halim and the farmers are hoping to stop the advance of the desert with bushes and trees, but also a new patent from holland. the waterbox is a pot made of bioplastics. this fledgling tree is placed inside, and then planted in the soil. then the waterbox is filled with plenty of water. the hope is that this method will give the new tree a natural water tank, and a better chance of survival. trees and bushes as a barrier. this is one way that the last fertile fields will be defended

against the sahara. >> this is an alarm bell for the rest of the world. soon there will be nothing left here. the desert is quickly taking over our oases. >> not far from the village is the largest sandy desert in morocco. erg chegaga. it's a popular tourist destination. but the mighty sand dunes are also a warning, because their growth is not slowing. the devastation that halim is fighting against continues.

♪ >> that's it for this week's episode of "global 3000." write us at global3000@dw.com. check us out on facebook at dw global idea and dw woman. until next week. bye bye. [captioning performed by the national captioning institute, which is responsible for its caption content and accuracy.

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