anchor: this is al jazeera and these are the top stories. the secretary of state has laid out how the administration plans to rebuild ties with the rest of the world. anthony blake and says if iran returns to compliance under the 2015 nuclear agreement, the u.s. will also come back to the deal. the u.s. is temporarily frozen arms sales to saudi arabia and the uae. antony blinken says it is typical for new administrations to review pending arms sales. donald trump administration had been doing deals down to the wire, including one for 50 at 35 fighter jets from lockheed

martin to the uae. joe biden has signed executive orders to address the climate crisis, it includes cutting fossil fuel subsidies and pausing oil and gas leases on federal land. biden says climate changes at the center of u.s. national security and foreign policy. >> just like we need a unified national response to covid-19, we desperately need a national response to the climate crisis. there is a climate crisis. we must lead the global response. neither challenge can be met as secretary kerry pointed out many times, by the united states alone. we know what to do, we just have to do it. when we think of climate change, it's a case where conscience and convenience cross paths. we are dealing with this existential threat to the planet, and increasing our growth and prosperity are one in

the same. anchor: hundreds of protesters have classed with security forces in lebanon, anger rises over harsh coronavirus restrictions that stated an economy already on the edge of collapse. videogame retailer game stop has read it to thank for a soaring share price despite sluggish growth and a poor outlook. investors posting on the reddit page all street that's have been aggressively pushing others to bite the stock. those are the headlines, mourners after the bottom line. -- more news after the bottom line. ♪ >> old the pandemic lead us to rethink our relationship with nature? let's get to the bottom line.

today we take a step back from the usual ups and downs of american politics to talk about something much wider and crucial to our future. the planet we live on. for tens of thousands of years, humans, that means us, have been manipulating the environment for economic gain. it's just what we do. we move not in's should not be moved, cut down trees, eradicate species. the world economy is not designed to promote environmental sustainability, at least not yet. it's the exact opposite. it's built for him this consumption of resources. the question today is whether in the middle of this pandemic, can we push reset? , get back to normal in a way that restores balance with the natural world? we are talking to one of the most influential advocates, jane goodall, a leading voice for conservation and protection of wildlife for decades. ever since she studied chimpanzees in the wild and opened our eyes to broader

questions in the scientific world. in many ways she has become the ever present, responsible voice of our conscience, without which we could be more destructive. it's very good to be with you today to talk about these important issues. i'm going to start where we left met. i saw you blow away a lot of the rich and powerful of the world. today, the world economic forum started this week online, the secretary-general made this statement. >> waging war on nature and destroying our life-support system. nature is striking back. >> i would like to get your comments about that because he is both warning the rich and powerful that the world is descending into chaos, and telling them they better get on it. do you agree with him? >> i certainly agree with him. i have been saying for ages, i probably said to you before, compared to our closest living relatives, the chimpanzees, the

biggest difference is the explosive development of our intellect. there is no question, chimps are highly intelligent, other animals are too. we designed a rocket to went to mars, a robot that took photos of mars. it's amazing what we have been able to do. isn't it bizarre that this most intellectual creature is destroying it's only home? we don't want to go live on mars, we see what it looks like there. i don't want to live there, i am sure you don't either. we have only got this one pitiful planet -- beautiful planet. we are in the process of destroying it. if our intellect is as amazing as i think it is, then we do have the ability, if we get together around the world, without wasting time, and try to heal some of the harm.

at least slow down climate change. which by the way, is a much more existential threat to our future, and the future of life on earth, then this pandemic, horrible as it is. >> i know the world does not revolve around the united states, but we do have a new president. one of the four pillars that he has put out there that he says he wants to embed in all of his policy actions is action on climate change. you just mentioned that. are you hopeful by what you have seen from president biden? do you think this is an inflection point for american leadership on these issues in a way that matters? we have always heard things, we have this line, walk the walk. what is your sense of it? >> i census he has already walked the walk. he already committed to rejoining the parrot climate agreement -- paris climate agreement. what i feel and i know, hundreds

of american friends of mine, we have a new possibility in the united states. all of these terrible restrictions on protecting the environment that the trump administration put into place, biden has committed to changing. he has already kind of gal not as far as i understand. i am very hopeful. >> i have not spent hours, many hours upon hours watching as much as we have been able to see your relationship with chimpanzees. i want to ask in a non-facetious way, if they were in charge of this planet, what could we learn from them about how they deal with their environment? what would you say are the biggest lessons that we can draw from the primates you have spent so much time connecting with? >> this is really a question

that is not going to help us very much, because the way chimpanzees are not over populating their environment the way we are. they are not using complex technology are innovations. but they would if they could. in the old days, if you go into some of the people who are still living out in the forest, they are not harming their environment. again, they would if they could. i think the industrial revolution, when food began to be more plentiful, our population began growing. that was the beginning of the rot. >> i think that's a very fair answer. i thought about it, there is a beauty out there. one of the things i have been thinking about, all of us being smart animals, being able to manipulate it.

it raises this question, let me have a pandemic and a virus that literally is hunting us down to some degree, we have the ability to survive it. but that victimhood, that notion of a virus passed from animals to humans, as from animals to other hamels -- animals. whether or noyou think there is a chastening in that. a moment that we have to be humble and look at the fact that, or are elements of what we are doing that are quite dangerous and we need to change course. >> i absolutely do. this pandemic has disrupted economies around the world, it led to death, led to suffering. if i to loss of jobs. we now know that this is because we have so disrespected animals in the natural world. we have created conditions where these passages can drum from animals to people. it's being predicted by those

studying zoo not diseases for a long time. the next one could be far worse. ebola had a very high rate of death to infection. this pandemic doesn't, but supposing the next one kills so many more people, like it would if it was ebola. if ebola was as infectious as covid. we really do need to rethink our relationship with the natural world of which we are part, and on which we depend, and our relationship the animals with whom we should share this planet. >> do you have thoughts on this time on covid, and what kind of morning lights are going off? >> the warning lights are simply that, as i say, we disrespected animals. we are treating them in ways -- the golden rule of every single

major religion around the world is, to two others as you would have been due to you. animals are sent beings, they are not just things. we are treating them as though they are commodities. if you care about animals the way i do, to understand they are sentiments, -- 17 --it's a black market in our humanity. we need to change that. it was gandhi who said you can tell something about the nation by the way it treats its animals. we are not treating animals correctly. it's not just the world, the bushmeat markets and wildlife markets of asia, and the trafficking. it's also our factory farms. all over the world we are mistreating our animal, i would

say brethren, that is what the native americans would say. >> it's a fascinating challenge. you and the institute have worked around the world, i look at these moments as show and tell opportunities. other moments in your institutions work that you have been able to turn this around that we can talk about and say, here is a positive way we have been able to change the way gravity worked around preservation, mutual respect for species, sustainable environmental practices. i would love to see those stories told more often, i am just not as aware of them as i showed. what are some of those that are top of mind for you? >> one of them is, when i first went to africa in 1960, gopi national park was part of that equatorial forest belt. stretched right across equatorial africa. by 1990, it was a small island of forest, surrounded by totally

-- there were more people living there then the land would support. it was very clear, we can't help these people find ways of making a living without destroying the environment, we can't do anything else. we began our program called take care. by working with the people, by working in such a way where they came to trust us, by developing a very holistic program which included opportunities for women, scholarships to keep girls in school, water management projects. and every thing else. if you fly over there today, you will not see that anymore. when you work with the communities, when you help them understand that saving the environment is for their future, not just wildlife.

then you get partners in conservation. this program is now in six other african countries. that is one piece of really good news, we are ready to scale it up. could also test we see change in young people in refugee camps. they begin to understand that animals are not just things. that is not the way they were brought up. their country doesn't tell them that. i have seen a lot of change, and i always say the media is at fault, because they just concentrate on the doom and gloom, which is important, but please give space to all of these wonderful things, amazing people, terrific projects, which are so hopeful, and happening all around the world. new ways of agriculture. new ways of treating animals. pushing for social justice,

trying to get rid of discrimination. all of these things are happening. but we don't talk about them as much as all of the destruction. >> i would like to talk about positive things, but i also want to recognize the things that are not going so well. i know you started a of podcasts. i think they are called hope casts. you are hopeful, right? despite all of these things we talked about, my sense is that you are hopeful. >> i am hopeful if. it's not just carte blanche. we have a window of time, i am not the only scientist to say that. we can only succeed and turn things around if we get together now. that is why i was traveling 300

days a year around the world, talking about those things. that is why since i have been grounded here in england, where i grew up, that we created a virtual journey. i have breached millions more people sitting here then if i was traveling. but it is so exhausting. it's nonstop doing things like this, gazing at little specks of camera at the top of your laptop. i miss meeting people. i miss having funny things with my friends. it's reaching many more people, so i go on doing it. i have no choice. >> we are very grateful for that. i guess my question, you know these people. many donate to your programs and support you. they want to spend time with you. are they doing enough? i mentioned the world economic forum before, they are meeting this week. what have you done since last year?

have you really move the needle in a credible way, or is this a vanity island, with a rich and powerful get together? i want your sense on what you think has happened in the time you have talked to that crowd, and whether they have begun to move the needle. >> some of them definitely have. more people are donating, putting some of their large fortunes into programs that will help save the planet, turn things around. i know that the world economic forum itself has pushed a whole new emphasis on the environment which was not there before. these are hopeful signs, but we need more. if not quite enough. on the other hand, leadership from some of the really wealthy people is perhaps encouraging other people to donate more.

saving the planet for the future. these people have children, grandchildren. they do care. when you sort of look at them, you try and tell stories to reach their heart, you can see a change. you can see the eyes change. that's very important, and that's why, maybe i can do it a little better on a screen like this. but it's not the same as when you are there with somebody. i have always said, we can only reach our true human potential when the head and the heart work in harmony. too many people separate those two. >> i couldn't agree with you more on that. i have this crazy idea once, i wanted to create a global map. in different parts of the world or different countries, i wanted to give a rating on whether galileo would be found guilty or not to go back to the galileo trials. i felt in the united states in

the last four years, that even though technology has accelerated, and we have so many incredible opportunities on so many fronts, that i felt galileo probably would not get off in america. now i am beginning to feel it's a little bit different. i am interested in the state of science in the world, and the respect for science. if you go to developing countries, i find a greater respect for countries, for doctors, for research, than i do in the developed part of the world. do you find that? >> i think so. i have found some countries, some developing countries have little regard for science. i think it depends on the government that is in power. some of these more autocratic governments, if they don't like the science, they don't believe in it. it's the same attitude that the trump administration had.

i have seen that everywhere. just about every country, they truly respect science, and are encouraged by what it can do. then there are other people who find it inconvenient. like al gore's inconvenient truth. it's much better not to believe in climate change, if you want to carry on making emissions. it's like working with animals. most scientists agree that animals are sentiment, they have emotions, they feel pain. but a business that is treating animals in a cruel, horrible way, it's much more convenient to consider them as things, isn't it? >> i think you are absolutely right. one of the other things, i don't know if you have discussed much,

you started so early as this pioneering anthropologist, extraordinary relationship that we have all seen him grown up with. you are a model for many other women, and people, but also women going into science. i'm interested. have you seen -- we talk about gender and gender equity, and science, have you found that your role has brought both men and as many women into the field of science that you have been part of? >> i think more women certainly have come in. i think there is a reason why. it wasn't just sexual discrimination, gender discrimination. when i first went to cambridge university, i had been with the chimps two years. i had never been to college, and i was going to get a phd. i was taught the difference

between cute malls that humans and animals. i was also taught that to be a good scientist, you have to be objective. you should not have empathy with your subject. of course, i knew that was wrong. if you have empathy, that's what that means. i think what i did soften the idea of science to many young girls. i think perhaps, there is some kind of inborn gentleness in women, their role in evolution has been to raise families, more patients, tolerance perhaps. although culture changes that, maybe there is something in

that, that girls appreciated. >> have you been able to see or be with your chimpanzee family, friends, i shouldn't call them family. your acquaintances during this crisis? or have you had to be distant from them as well? >> there, i've been here. i have been here since march. i have been granted. >> so you are traveling the world to be at the net like we all are. i saw some beautiful pictures of chimpanzees that had been rescued, one that came over to hug you, and caress you. it's one of the most moving things. it looked as if it was recent, so i am probably off on that. maybe that happened just before the covid crisis happened. >> it did.

the strange thing about that, that was wonder. she came in very sick, and never executive at nehring director saved her life. i met her that day, today he was released onto that island. i was on the boat with her. i was trying to comfort her, because she must have been worried. it was me that she came. if you remember that footage, she climbs out of her crate, she climbs onto the top, she looks around. then she does a double take and comes back and embraces mate, it was the most moving thing that has ever happened to me. i said, how does that chimp know that this lady is responsible for it all? of course, she didn't. >> it was an extraordinary moment and i encourage everyone to see it. i hope we can put a little

connection to that. just we get to the close, you said two things. our dangerous -- greatest danger is apathy. you have said there are many ways to move in the right direction, i would like our viewers and listeners to hear from you, what are some of the ways jane goodall things we can move in the right direction, and avoid apathy? >> i think apathy comes when you lose hope. when you lose hope you do nothing, that is the danger. some people feel helpless and hopeless. i always say to them, you can't change the world, nobody is going to change the world single-handed. but where you live, is there something you can do? can you raise money for the homeless? can you volunteer in a soup kitchen? can you pick up trash? can you write letters to try and save in local environment, like

a forest? if you get involved, and you get involved with other people, suddenly realized, yes, i do make a difference. then the ability to do more. i think that people need to understand that every single day we live, we make some impact on the planet. we have a choice as to what kind of impact we make, what do we buy? where does it come from? did it harm the environment? is it cruel to animals? is it cheap because of child labor? make the ethical choice. that will never happen in big enough numbers until we alleviate poverty. because when you are really poor, you just do what you have to do to live. cut down the trees because you are desperate to get land to grow more food, to feed your family. buy the cheapest junk food.

you can't ask those ethical questions because you have to stay alive. >> you are someone who makes me hope, and i hope we begin to move in the right direction. thank you so much for joining us today. >> thank you for inviting me. >> what is the bottom line? listening to the wisdom of people like jane goodall helps us to get out of our boxes, and whenever how much we are part of the natural world. and how much our existence depends on the survival of other species. diseases like covid-19, ebola, and one h1, as he could, came from mankind's intrusion into the habitat of animals. we can rip up and move the earth but it is going to bite back. maybe this overlying in this covid story is that it chastens us. my hope is that her work will inspire us all to action, to have a greater respect for nature, and get the environment a much higher priority. that is the bottom line. ♪

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