live from berlin. younger, more female, and more ethnically diverse. germany's new parliament assembles for the first time since the election a month ago. also on the program, vaccines for children. health experts in the u.s. are considering whether to recommend use of the coronavirus vaccine in young kids. and sacrificing for love. in a controversial move, japan's princess mako

renounces her royal title and marries her non-royal boyfriend. ♪ welcome to the program and welcome to our viewers on pbs. it's been a month since germany's general elections, though the country still does not have a new government. it does have a new parliament. and today, the new parliament, younger, more female, and more ethnically diverse met in session for the first time. the social democrats are now the biggest party in parliament. the outgoing chancellor, angela merkel, has been formally released from office, though she will live a caretaker administration, until a new government is in place. let's have a look at how this new parliament shapes up, with 736 members, the bundestag

is now one of the largest parliaments in the world. it's never been this big. more female lawmakers were elected this time than last time. but women are still a long way from reaching parity in numbers. more than a third of the new intake are women, including the first two trans women to win seats. many have migrant background spirit three percentage points up from last time. as part of the ceremony to formally release angela merkel from office, she received an official certificate of discharge from the german president. despite this, angela merkel will lead a caretaker government, until a new governing coalition has been sworn in. the social democrats, the greens, and the liberals came to conclude negotiations to form a new government by december 6. during the first session of the new parliament, the former

chancellor did not take her seat on the government bench, sitting instead in the gallery for distinguished guests. political correspondent -- our political correspondent can tell us more now. welcome. tell us a little bit about how germany's president dismissed chancellor merkel today. >> well, the president had nothing but praises to say to angela merkel. after 16 years in office, he says she handled and overcame many crises. like the pandemic. she also reminded she led the country at the time of brexit and difficult relations with the u.s., under president trump. he also praised her for taking responsibilities during the minute terrien crisis of 2015 -- the humanitarian crisis of 2015.

the german president also said angela merkel succeeded in making germany conceded and respected on the international stage. he also talked about a great chancellor that germans have a lot to think for. >> with 736 members, this parliament is massive. who are these people? >> 736 members, the largest of parliament has ever been, among them 279 new mp's and 47 who were under the age of 30. the youngest being only 23, also the first black woman elected in the parliament, as well as two trans women. there is a slow but steady generational change in the parliament. it is also now led by social democrat. -- by a social democrats only

the third woman to hold this position. -- by a social democrats, only the third woman to hold this position. there is a change coming. >> now there is a new parliament, a dismissed chancellor, but no new chancellor. >> exactly. angela merkel was formally released from her chancellor duties. but this is a row that she will continue to assume until he chancellor is designated. speaking of which, there are still negotiations i'm going between the social democrats and called up schultz -- and olaf scholz. the likely next chancellor. in for limitary talks, the parties have agreed on issues like an increase of the minimum wage. an exit plans for 2030. they are still to settle on other issues. like which parties will take

which ministries. this is still being shaded and disputed and could still last for months, if not longer. >> many thanks, emma. as we just heard, there are plenty of young first-time mps in germany's new parliament. tw political correspondent -- rdw political correspondent -- our dw correspondent met two of them. reporter: two fresh faces for the new german parliament, and two very different political realities. it is her first day as an mp, the 34-year-old represents the sector right cdu party. >> today is a very special day for me. i've been elected to the bundestag for the first time. a grueling and intense campaign is behind me. it's a matter of actually becoming a proper and -- proper mp. reporter: he is excited but his party is in crisis. it had its worst ever result in september's election.

it is not preparing for -- opposition after 16 years of leading the country with angela merkel. >> that is our job, not to be fundamentally in opposition but to take a constructive approach to ensure this country is well governed. reporter: the liberal fdp party knows opposition to well. the 29-year-old first time mp is excited. >> it is of course exciting to go into the plan every hole for the first time now is a member of parliament. but i also feel a great responsibility and i am also honored to be here. reporter: after four years in opposition, the liberals are currently in coalition talks to join the next government. many young people voted for them, and that is particularly important for her. >> i want to work to ensure the perspective of young people has an impact here. that the issues that are important to young people, education, climate protection, digital development are also on the agenda. reporter: two new mps that stand

for the profound political change that is just beginning to unfold, as germany enters the post merkel era. >> some other store now making news around the world at this hour -- at least two people have died in major flooding in sicily. a rare tropical cyclone slept through the city, overturning cars and damaging buildings. authorities are urging people to stay indoors. the extreme weather is predicted to last until the end of the week. a dutch appeals court has ruled a collection of ancient crimean gold artifacts stored in an amsterdam museum should be returned to ukraine. the pieces had been loaned to the netherlands before russia annexed crimea from ukraine into any 13. ukraine has hailed the ruling as a fair decision. officials in the spanish island of love, say new lava flows -- la palma say new lava flows pose a threat to unaffected areas.

the volcano has continued to spew lava for a 5th street we. authorities -- fifth straight week. authorities are preparing to move people from their homes. the united nations is calling for the release of sudan's prime minister following monday's military coup. the leader of the coup says the prime minister is safe and residing in the general's own home. the coup followed weeks of tensions between sedan -- sudan's military and civilian powers over the country's path toward democratic rule. there have been more protests on the streets of sudan's capital, khartoum. by pro-democracy demonstrators. reporter: defiance and a burning anger in the streets of khartoum. a day after the military coup, the protests continue.

mass demonstrations helped bring an end to the dictator in 2019. omar al-bashir. the ousted transitional government will not suffer a similar fate. >> the people overthrew the brutal regime of omar al-bashir. and the people are totally capable of bringing -- in a matter of hours. we thank the international committee for standing against the coup. reporter: sudan's top general, suggesting the prime ministers is not being held against his will. > the prime minister was staying at his home. but we were afraid he would be harmed. he is now staying with me at my home. we were sitting together yesterday evening, and he is carrying on with his life normally. he will return home, when the

crisis is over. ♪ reporter: but in sudan and abroad, few believe those words. the u.s. is the latest country to forcefully condemn the coup. >> we have been in close contact with regional leaders, including in the gulf, to make sure we are closely coordinating and sending a clear message to the military in sudan, that they should first and foremost, cease any violence against innocent civilians. that they should release those who have been detained and get back on a democratic path. ♪ reporter: should the military resed to bud, the inteationaoutcry andhe drumbe of protestat home are set to grow louder. >> we are now joined by the managing partner of inside strategy partners. a think tank in khartoum. welcome.

i want to ask, what is the situation right now in the couny? >> well, there's a lot going on at the moment. things are developing. what we have seen recently is the general has come out to have a press conference in which he tried to outline what his next steps will be. the issue is, he's given a very short timeline for that to happen. so there are concerns over the pansy has. especially the plans he has -- so there are concerns over the plans he has. currently, there have been one or two porters that have come out to say that they are for this, with condemnation from pretty much every other political player. the issue is that there are many people that have been detained by the military, both political activists and journalists. there are concerns about how the

military will prove democracy using undemocratic means. >> i'm curious, as we just heard in the report, the general, the head of sudan's armed forces, said he was hosting the civilian per minister in his own home -- and that he was free to leave once a situation stabilizes. do you believe that? >> i do not think many people believe that. we have ard out of prime minister has been released but he is under house arrest, which is paramount -- the same thing. the question now becomes, how does this lead us towards the civil democratic goals most people in the stets have been calling for? the prime minister has become a symbol of resistance toward an antimilitary government.

his release is by no means an end to this crisis. >> do you think all these thousands of protesters who took to the streets of the capital and the fact that the international community has strongly condemned the coup will have any impact on the military's actions? >> observers do think this is not a coup that can be -- that will have a long shelf life. that is because, yes, there is condemnation, very strong words coming from the united states. a lot of political capitals. as well as other international actors. with the 2019 revolution has taught us -- what the 2019 revolution has taught us is the civil this obedience being planned is for weeks ahead. the passion on the streets has

been vehement and strong, that is likely to continue and have the biggest impact on current -- on what is going on currently. >> that is the managing partner of the think tank inside strategy partners. many thanks for your time and perspective. africa's iconic mountain glaciers could disappear in just 20 years because of climate change caused by human activity. in you you went back has warned that -- a new un report has warned that they are stricking fast. this could result and droughts, floods, and heat affecting hundreds of millions of people. reporter: the snow we picks of mount kilimanjaro are melting away. in just a couple of decades, they will be gone completely. the mountain is one of just three in africa capped by glaciers. along with the mount kenya massive and the border range

here, locals are already taking action. >> we are all pushed into going into 100% renewable energy because we want to save the glaciers. we are the people of the snow. if you look at the trend at which the snow is retreating, disappearing -- reporter: all glaciers are shrinking at a faster rate than the global average. rising temperatures across the continent will have a devastating impact far beyond these peaks. in your report says extreme weather conditions -- in your report says extreme weather conditions could affect millions of poor people in africa. it will be much harder to tackle poverty and wo towards growth. >> adapting to the impacts of climate change is costing african economies an average of 5% of their gdp. if warming continues at the ritz projected in this report, these

costs will increase exponentially within the next decade. reporter: africa is disproportionately affected by the impacts of global warming. with droughts and flooding becoming more common. but it is responsible for less than 4% of global greenhouse gas emissions. while highlighting the inequality, experts say there's an opportunity here, too -- fast action to bolster the company for future disasters could create jobs and boost economies now. >> across the atlantic, health authorities in the u.s. are considering whether to recommend the use of the biontech pfizer coronavirus vaccine in young children. the question is whether it should be given to kids in the five to 11 age group, if it is recommended in the u.s., that might encourage approval to be given in europe as well. our reporters visited a playground in berlin to here what parents think about vaccinating children. reporter: a playground in berlin.

the news that covid vaccines are soon to be available to children affects parents here. >> i'm a primary school teacher here in the neighborhood and i am a was hearing the children are infecting each other. my daughter is three years old and the other one is nearly five. i don't know if i would vaccinate them so quickly. >> my boy is nearly three and my girl is seven. it would be great if they were both soon to have immunity. most of all because it is annoying to constantly have to test the children. especially the one at school. reporter: for months, biontech pfizer has been working on vaccination approval for children from five to 11 years old. it says studies have proven the vaccine's effectiveness. a berlin pediatrician advises parents in germany to be patient and to wait for the

recommendations of the national vaccination commission, not least because children are far less at risk. >> we want to ease parents' concerns. the child's immune system functions differently to that of an adult. they he a significantly better defense dennis adult-- then us adults -- than most adults. reporter: coronavirus met circulate among children, but according to general's federal agency for disease control, most cases are either asymptomatic or follow the course of a mild illness. children are also no great danger to risk groups such as the over 60's -- over 85% of that group is vaccinated. >> that means that is currently not necessary to vaccinate children to minimalize the ris of bringing the infection to the family. of course, it is good if the children are also mune at some point. but ultately, you have to see

whether they get is immunity via vaccination or infection, both represent a very small risk. reporter: what is the word on the playground? would the chdren take the vaccine? >> i would dot if my parents were ok with it, and they definitely would become a because it makes me sense. -- would be, because it makes more sense. >> yes, as long as it doesn't hurt. >> a japanese princess has married her nonroyal boyfriend without the pomp and circumstance you might expect for a member of japan's imperial family. princess mako is the niece of an emperor that has announced a royal title and left the royal family after marrying a nonroyal man, attracting criticism from japanese media, causing mental health issues for the former princess. reporter: this couple should be celebrating their marriage.

instea they have been forced to defend it. >> he means everything to me. and for us, this marriage is needed, for us to live and cherish our feelings. reporter: but true love comes at a cost. mako, seen here on the left, is the niece of emperor narrow heater -- emperor naruhito. the princess had to give up her royal title to marry a commoner. >> i love mako. you only live once. i want to be with the person i love. reporter: that is not how japanese society sees it. there's been anger at the former prison test' -- the former

princess' decision. the man's mother is embroiled in a financial scandal. he has been the target of much criticism himself, including for sporting a ponytail, just weeks before his marriage. >> i understand there are various thoughts on my marriage. i am very sorry to the people who had trouble with our marriage. reporter: the intense scrutiny has taken its toll on the former princess. she has had to leave her imperial family and has turned down a dowry worth more than one million u.s. dollars. earlier this year's, she was also diagnosed with posttraumatic stress disorder. but after a four-year

engagement, this couple had made their decision. they will move to new york, where they hope to start their new life together, far away from royalty. >> well, a new book has just been published in the u.s. that deals with a vision for a more united u.s. nothing unusual in that, for it not for the book's two authors. the former u.s. president, barack obama, and rock music legend bruce springsteen. the book has its origins in a podcast both men took part in. ♪ >> nicely done. reporter: rockstar bruce springsteen and former u.s. president barack obama -- two american icons one the surface couldn't be more different. springsteen, a white working-class musician from a small town in new jersey. obama, a black man of mixed race, born in hawaii, who studied law d went into

politics. but they still have a lot in common, and got together last year to talk about it. their conversations became hit podcast. -- became a hit podcast. >> my father was ashamed of his family. that was my entire vision of -- visual of muscular entity. >> my father leaves when i am twyears old. i don't meet him until i am two years old. reporter: two renegades with an abiding love for their country, and not afraid to be critical. >> it might be useful for people to listen to us talk and have a sense of -- you know, the road we traveled, but also the road the country has traveled. reporter: the podcast has inspired a book in which they tackle topics like marriage, money, fatherhood and family, and the state of the american dream. their conversations are a testament to the freh of that binds them for more than a decade.

a recurrent theme is their quest to understand the larger american story. >> literally in the u.s., we are at the mercy of just incredibly bizarre conspiracy theories. lies being absolutely knowingly sold, dividing the country, deeply disturbing -- in a deeply disturbing way. reporter: the two fridslso talk aot about music, which makes this latest collaboration one-of-a-kind. ♪ >> do your folks say anything? >> keep it down! >> switching to sports -- a new head coach. he joins following a 3.5 season stint -- losing their job last season, but they hope is more

expensive resources will help him have a better go and the new gig -- at the new gig. it was a night of upsets and close calls in the german cup, with third division munich overpowering second-tier shall. they couldn't recover after coughing up an early goal and receiving a second-half red card. berlin struggled against munster, needing to late goals to advance -- two late goals to advance. a 1-0 win. before we go, here's a quick reminder of the top story we're following today. germany's new parliament is meeting for its first session since september's election. getting to work even before new government -- a new government has been formed. it will be the first bundestag

of the post merkel era. i will be back after a short break with "the day." stay tuned for that. thanks so much for watching. ♪ [captioning performed by the national captioning institute, which is responsible for its caption content and accuracy. visit ncicap.org]

anchor: welcome to live from paris, world news and analysis from france before. these are the headlines. sudan's general brand says he sees power to stop a civil war. the prime minister is being held reportedly for his own protection. people on the streets calling for his release. dangerous climate change will not be stopped by the current plans of individual nations. head of coptic the six, the u.n.'s warning urgent action is needed more than ever. aung san suu kyi appears in