>> this is dw news, live from berlin. diplomatic deadlock and military maneuvers in europe as ukrainians embrace where possible russian invasion, the u.s. and nato offer more dialogue. the kremlin says its views are being ignored. also, germany's catholic in crisis. the archbishop of munich promising reckoning and reform

after a report detailing hundreds of cases of child sex abuse dating back decades. the holocaust remembrance day with a special ceremony commemorating the millions of cues and other minorities murdered by the nazis during the second world war. glad you could join us. we start with the diplomatic stalemate between russia and the west over ukraine. the crimmins says there is little optimism for easing tensions with the u.s. and nato. the kremlin insisted on legal guarantees barring ukraine from joining nato and the withdrawal of nato forces from eastern europe. russia has amassed more than 100,000 troops on its borders with ukraine.

>> for the soldiers, the threat of war is a familiar one. the printing army has been fighting russian backed separatists for more than seven years now. they are historic in the face of the latest escalation. you should not panic. if you do while a wounded person is crying and swearing, it would be a fiasco so we need to stay calm. in kiev, some residents struggle to keep their spirits up. i am hoping for a peaceful solution. i cannot talk about this without trying. i am for peaceful negotiations. russia offered a glimmer of hope . this is despite the u.s. and nato rejecting his demands. as for the content of the documes theres a response which gives hope for the start

of a serious conversation on secretary -- secondary questions. but on this document, there was no positive response to the main question. another chance for diplomacy will come next month when russian, french, ukrainian and german delegates will meet for talks in berlin. >> let's get some more perspective on the story. we will speak to the editor in chief. he is joining us from moscow. i want to start by getting your take on what we are seeing at the moment because depending on who you ask, vladimir put in is either on the verge of launching a full-scale invion of ukraine or he is rattling to get some attention to certain issues orson -- or something in between. what do you see is happening at the moment? >> i see a severe political and a poetic crisis which has to do with the security system ration

-- situation at large. it has not so much to do with ukraine in particular and from moscow, it is a little strange how much the western commentators are obsessed with the ukrainian issue because ukraine is an element of this. it is a vital case but it is not aboutkraine at l but genel prciple. whether nato has the right to expand indefinitely or not. as for the troops, i think this is a way to bring americans to the negotiating table. >> if you don't understand why the west is obsessed with ukraine, there are more than 100,000 russian troops massed at the ukrainian border.

wouldn't that represent a threat to ukraine? >> it would not represent a threat probably. when you try to address such a big issue, you need to look very credible. but of course in this case, russia would really want to launch a war against ukraine. i am not a military expert but i guesit would look diffently and probably not as bad as it is. the operation would look like maybe syria won. this is something else. it is not about invasion. >> we are talking about the fate and the futures of sovereign countries including ukraine and other countries that were formerly part of the soviet

union. how is it possible to restructure this without their consent? >> the question is to explain to all of us, to the so-called countries in between that you understand the reality in which you live. and the decision about security arrangements which each country has the right to make independently on a sovereign basis. it will have certain consequences if powerful neighbors are not fine with that. >> what do you mean by certain consequences? >> it a powerful neighbor is

feeling threatened by a decision made by other countries, you react. >> why would russia feel threatened? >> it is not about ukraine only. nato, whatever we say or whatever nato officials are saying, nato is a military alliance which has more than doubled in 30 years. you might say russia is paranoid but if you just look at this objective situation i think any military in the world would feel a little bit concerned. >> nato does like to emphasize the fact that it considers themselves a defensive military alliance but we have run out of time for the interview and i want to thank you. thank you for sharing your views

for us. let's get you up to speed on some other stories. the liberal u.s. supreme court justice stephen breyer has formally announced his retirement. joe biden repeated his promise to nominate the first black woman to the court. judge brown jackson and judge kruger have been brought up. the dr regulat haspprod the use of the viral pill to treat c 19. the european medical agency gave the -- give approval to this drug. this oil spill will take at least five more days to clear. delete from an undersea pipeline began tuesday and was eventually stopped a day later. the government's expense -- is examining the impact of the leak. there has been a fresh oil leak

at a refinery. owned by the spanish energy giant. it comes as a country grapples with a massive oil triggered by the volcanic eruption in the south pacific ocean. they are taking part in a unique campaign to tackle the mess. >> cleanup crews in peru racing to contain the oil spill. a painstaking task. in land, a call to action has residents lambing up to donate their locks. it turns out hair of all kinds is an excellent oil absorber. hairstylist in the 1990's. the strands are collected and stuffed into sausage like buoys

off the coast. they have contaminated more than 20 beaches in peru and people are willing to sacrifice more than vanity for the greater good. >> i have a small braid that belongs to my sister -- the original idea was to donate it. but i forgot to take the braid. so i said they will be another opportunity sometime and i thought this is a great opportunity. for others, this is a small price to pay. hair grows in abundance and fast. if animals die, it is an economic loss. they are living creatures. hair grows back. i don't care much about it.

i care more that i can help the cause. oil spills are not uncomm in peru, more than 1000 have been recorded in the past 25 years. environmentalists accuse the government of prioritizing foreign investment over the environment. still, 30's are adamant that the company will be held accountable and may even be forced to shut down. but ecologists fear the damage is done. it took them two days to react to the first oil spill. now peru's worst ecological disaster in history. >> good evening to you. >> it is going slowly and it is very painstaking. there are a lot of people

picking up contaminated debris, rocks, sand from the beaches. also collecting injured animal seagulls, marine mammals, that kind of thing. it is going very slowly. it will take at least two weeks, probably months. we now know that about 50 miles north of lima, north of where the spill happened, apparently it must have been at the low end when the oil arrived there because it has now gone up. part of this estuary into freshwater and the local municipality now has people trying to clear that up as best they can. >> public prosecutors have open investigators against the spanish energy giant. what doing about the accusations and the investigation?

>> on the face of it, it looks like repso responded. this has responded with a complete inadequate way. it should have had a contingency plan. then we should have movedp the pacific coast here. they have a peer to deny the obvious truth. initiallthey were claiming this wasne barrel of oil that leaked. now they are admitting it is 6000 barrels of oil but they are not actually showing this. the captain of the tanker that was discharging the unloading o

the oil at the refineries, the captain is nowccused of not giving him the records of how much is taken from the book. there is a real possibility that they were even misled about the fact that it is 600 barrels, may be more and prosecutors are now lookg at pottial criminal liability for employees and executives. the latest is they have asked a urt to prevent executives from leaving the country. >> thank you. here in germany the archbishop of munich has been responded to a deming report. it is about how the archdiocese handled sexual abuse cases in the capital church. he was ready to take moral response building for the church families during this time.

last week's independent report was heavily critical of former pope benedict the 16th. the report is the first formal condition that benedict did not stop abusive priests but allowed them to continue working with children. >> he knew about the abuse and he did not stop it. the new independent report has found former pulp benedict failed to react in four cases of child sexual abuse. the cases date back to the time before he became pope. then known as justin ratzinger in the late 1970's and early 1980's. the report found that under his watch, abusive priests were left to continue their work in the church while victims received no support.

the allegations could shatter the former pope's legacy. many people are leading the -- leaving the church, many are doubting their bishops. many are calling for more action to finally be taken. >> he has already admitted he made apostate mentoring the investigation. it found evidence that he was at a meeting when an abusive priests was discussed. he now says that was an oversight. he has previously denied any wrongdoing and has yet to give a response to the finders but a report commissioned by the catholic church found abuse was widespread and suggested a culture of coverups. it found at least 490 five cases

of abuse in the archdiocese of munich between 1945 and 2019. the real figure is thought to be far higher. >> an interesting question is whether he could also face legal action. no one knows whether the diplomatic immunity he had as a pope would still protect him and now lives in the vatican as a private individual. in a few months time, theoretically we could expect to see lawyers in germany following a lawsuit or pursuing legal action. he did not tackle cases of abuse but covered them up. >> the former pope is now 94 years old and he is facing mounting pressure over his mishandling of sexual abuse within the catholic church. a scanner that reaches far beyond germany. -- scandal that reaches far beyond germany. >> martin, i want to ask you

about what we heard from the cardinal. saying that he except more responsibility and that he had not done enough to help victims. what consequences do you think we will see for him and other church leaders? >> the b question is whether persecution will mature into this. i think the number is somewhere around 40. they will be brought to justice. we can only -- it seems the amount of effort it would require for the church to actually provide -- this shows the church in a complete state of disrepair. they can simply not police themselves. >> as we mentioned, this heavily

incriminate pope benedict. do we have complete clarity on the world that -- role that he played in all of this? >> we do not. he was the person with the ultimate authority in leasing and controlling and accounting for past cases and incurring cases within the church. what we do know is he was aware of one set of cases which was munich pricing. what we also know is that he lied about not knowing the details of those cases. it is not clear whether he was involved in allowing this.

that is the kind of informatn that an investigation would need to bring out. >> what do you think is important for the victims now? >> t question for the victims has been for a very long time bring justice for crimes committed but i think the bigger qution that we have at this stage when we realize the knowledge of the fact went all the way to the top of the crch , abu is coinued a was not just germany. we are talking about hundreds of thousands of cases. it is clear that there is a litical sponse building that comes to the stes that have a respse ability to act. against the church in order to actuallyrotect fisa -- future and possible vtims.

the change is that the picture is much broader and we have a much better idea of what is happening at the top of the church. >> thank you very much. the german parliament has marked holocaust remembrance day with a special ceremony including tributes to victims, witness, testimony and music. one of the guest speakers was this woman who described her traumatic childhood. she urged unity in the face of hatred. they also addressed lawmakers, remembrance day marks the day when soviet troops of the rated the concentration camp. millions of juice and other minorities were murdered in the holocaust. dw met with a survivor held in germany's cam.

she endured unspeakable horrors but remains determined to whip -- determined to bear witness. our next report contained some graphic images. the first thing that hit us was the smog and the smell. there was a terrible smell. and then through that smoke you sell people. there are people but they are really skeletons. they are shuffling along like zombies. ey will shuffle along and just collapse and die. >> back at the place which nearly killed her. the nazi concentration camp which killed tens of thousands of others. with ever fewer living survivors it feels increasingly urgent to pass it on. when she arrived, she was just

14. she had already spent years in a ghetto and hiding and as a slave larer. she was polish and jewish. everyone in her family was either dead or missing. apart from her cousin who was seven. the girls arrived together. >> they were so overcrowded they had no room for us. there were dead bodies all over the place. there were piles of bodies. piles of naked, twisted, decaying corpses. it was horrific site. >> when british forces libated her on the 15th of april, 19 45, they found tens of thousands of unburied bodies and 60,000 prisoners on the brink of death. where there moments that you did not think you would survive?

>> absolutely. people are just dying at such a rate. it was obvious that if it did not come when it did, the whole camp would have died out. >> after the war, mother and her cousin were sent with other children to sweden. and then a letter arrived, from marla's brother. he had survived a different camp and made it to the u.k.. she soon went to join him. for many years, she did not talk about her childhood experiences. >> preparations are underway in china. the big rush to get home for the holiday.

the migrant workers are expected to make over one billion trips during the season. the annual trek to be home for the start of the year of the tiger is starting in china cities. travelers returning home from the r happy to be seeing their families. for many, it is the only chance every year to see parents and friends. but they are also urgent -- anxious about traveling during the pandemic. because the situation was worse, i also did not go home. i felt lonely staying here. that is why i am very excited. the for the pandemic, they would be packed with people at this time. the number is more modest. the transport ministry expects

1.1 8 billion trips to be made during the lunar new year travel season. that is a third higher than last year. many local authorities are urging residents not to come home. china has adopted a rigid zero covid policy. local authorities are going all out to prevent covid flareups. especially with events like the beijing winter of the big slimming in february. >> i am anxious every day because the pandemic is to quit serious. i don't want to bring trouble to my hometown. i tested negative now. the coming days will see a difficult balancing act. how to keep the omicron variant in check.

this is the biggest festival of the year. that is after both the u.s. and nato rejected moscow's demand to bar ukraine from nato membership. a russian troop buildup near ukraine has been fueling fears of an invasion. we will have more in-depth news for you coming up after a short break. stay with us.

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>> welcome to "live from paris," world news and analysis from france 24. burkina faso's military leader says there will be a return to democracy. no date has been announced. he also says his country needs international friends. his first public speech at a meeting scheduled forriday which could see burkina faso expelled by the other states in -- the other coup states in west africa. russia says the u.s. response to their demands over ukraine