éñéñéñéñéñéñéñéñéñéñóñ >> welcome to "global 3000!" drying out: people in eastern germany are becoming increasingly concerned about drought. unhappy developments, the mountainous state of bhutan is struggling with climate change. stay, or go? how galloping inflation in turkey is tempting people out of the country. this year has seen a huge hike in the cost of living worldwide. the international monetary fund forecasts that inflation this

year will be 7.4% up on 2021. put simply, we're now getting less for our cash than we were last year. a key reason is the war in ukraine, it's pushed up oil and gas prices, as well as the cost of other goods. turkey in particular is battling sky-rocketing prices. already high, its inflation rate has now climbed to 73.5%. many there are now considering leaving, especially those who are highly-skilled. >> elif cindik-herbrüggen is in turkey, looking for doctors who'd be interested in working in her practice in munich. >> i flew to ankara from germany. we have a massive shortage of skilled workers. if we can't find good staff from abroad, we'll hit a wall.

>> today the neurologist and psychiatrist is meeting with aslinur yilar - a psychologist who hopes to leave turkey as soon as possible. >> we have many turkish patients who don't speak much german. you'd be working with them. at the moment it's not easy for turks to get a visa for germany, which worries me. but i'd like to do it. >> soon it becomes clear why she wants to leave. >> 50 lira for two glasses of tea? that is insane. >> two glasses of tea, for the equivalent of almost three euros. for the young psychology graduate, who works in a student advisory office, that's unaffordable. and given how empty restaurants and cafes here are these days, she's not alone in that.

>> i mainly want to go to germany for economic reasons. the same as all the other young people here. >> after half an hour, the munich doctor is convinced - aslinur yilar would be a good fit. and she'd be able to work with turkish-speaking patients. >> she's ideal, and wouldn't be taking a job away from a german citizen. >> now the psychologist is hoping that the german authorities will issue her a visa. despite her degree she still earns less than 400 euros a month. prices have been soaring in turkey for years. the official annual inflation rate is over 70 percent.

>> last year, a kilo of tomatoes cost 6 to 7 lira. now it's almost 15. everything's getting more expensive, and more difficult. our wages rose a little but but prices have risen a lot. >> we meet veysel ulusoy at a grocery store in istanbul. the economist calculates the inflation rate every month, based on actual price increases over the past year, not the government's official rate. >> last year milk cost between 5 and 7 lira, right? >> seven lira. >> and now? >> this milk is 20 lira. >> it went up? >> yes, today, unfortunately. >> litter of milk for 20 lira, 1.20 euros. ulusoy believes the official inflation rate of 70 percent is incorrect. >> the inflation rate is at 156 percent compared to prices from last year. and it will continue to go up. soon the government's official inflation rate will break 100

percent, by october or november. according to our calculations, we are headed towards almost 200%. >> the dramatic increase in prices is also also evident on the streets. unemployment is on the rise, and many people have been forced to take on odd jobs. ordinary turks are feeling the pinch. >> we're pensioners. my husband gets about 180 euros a month. we try to get by but things like cheese, olives and butter are out of the question. and we try not to buy any clothing. >> instead of a whole kilo of onions, i buy just two or three. the same with potatoes. i buy only what i'll eat that night.

>> back in ankara, elif cindik- herbrüggen is about to meet with someone else she hopes will join her in germany. vahdet gülüm is a professor and practicing psychiatrist. >> you know the reason for my visit, we've talked about it. we need highly trained and qualified staff. >> professor gülüm hasn't decided yet, but he's clearly interested, even though he earns quite a bit more than recent graduates. >> i can definitely imagine doing it. i'd like to work in england, or in germany. i know that standards are very high there. not long ago, turkish president recep tayyip erdogan said that doctors who complain "should just leave". an insult, says gül, who's been practicing for more than 40 years. >> they should just leave. saying that is just wrong. >> erdogan has since softened his stance, but his words still sting. just one more reason why the exodus of medical professionals from turkey is likely to

continue. >> happiness is a measure of prosperity, that is worth the small himalayan country of bhutan is knn for. the mountain state has fewer than a million inhabitants, and is roughly the size of switzerland. environmental protection is entrenched in its constitution. bhutan is the world's only climate-neutral country, and it's thickly-covered with forest. that climate change is becoming an ever greater concern. for how much longer will the peaks here be snow-covered? a buddhist temple high in the himalayas. prayer wheels powered by mounted streams. and stupas lining the roadway, signs of harmony with nature are everywhere here. for the people of bhutan, glaciers and mountains are sacred. like these 7000-meter peaks at the border to tibet.

though the glaciers' days appear to be numbered. the ice is melting due to climate change, as shown on this animation by the wwf and the u.n. the glacial lakes have become a major flood threat. nearly 20 mountain lakes are currently at risk. the most devastating flood in bhutan happened in 1994. >> a lot of the properties were damaged as the flooding came down and it also claimed the lives. >> but many mountain villages don't benefit from the glacier-fed streams. they have to rely on the reins of the monsoon season. in the south of bhutan, the monsoon season is normally in july. but in recent years, the heavy rains have come to tsirangtoe earlier, in the month of may. the seeds sown by local farmers were washed from the fields. and the rainwater vanishes almost as suddenly as it

appeared. springs are running dry and mountain streams have slowed to a trickle. according to the u.n. more than 60% of bhutan's population has no access to clean drinking water. about 4500 people live in tsirangtoe. most homes and the new hospital are connected to large rainwater tanks. but hardly anyone drinks the water out of fear of bacterial contamination. >> it is a sad situation. should it arise, it will be a disaster to this community. and as health providers, we may get a cross-infection. >> we head out to see the source of the village's water supply, some 16 kilometers away. village leader nandaral kharel wants to show an environmental expert the situation they're facing here.

they are -- there have been frequent disputes with the neighboring villages. the rules for access to springwater are strict. namgay, who works for bhutan's tarayana foundation, hopes to improve water management here. the ngo's project receives support from the international climate initiative. >> this water belongs to another group. we have already spoken many years ago that we can share the water for cultivation. everything, that tsirangtoe, they also have 400 households and a population of 4,000 to 5,000. so they are dipping into this water. at least they share with us the drinking water, but it's not a solution. >> our source is drying day by day because of climate change and deforestation, as well as farm road construction and so many other things. >> the young students who attend tsirangtoe's central school are also affected by the water shortage. the 860 students have just one

source of water for bathing and laundry. the only source of drinking water is in the kitchen. the students carry buckets of water to bathe in and to flush the toilets. >> they don't have enough water to wash their body, neither do they have water to wash their clothes. and because of that, they get all sorts of skin diseases. that is one very big challenge. >> the narrow valley in the south of bhutan, near the border to india, has a subtropical climate. at the valley's edge lies the village of dechenpelri. the water supply is a problem here, too. the monsoon has become irregular , and when it does rain, the torrential downpours often wreak havoc. >> when the rain falls, all the soils are coming down like a landslide of erosions, falling down, and they are destroying the water source. so any project you want to do, we have to do three plantation. >> here in the valley, the fields are small. jambay and his wife mainly plant maize and chiles.

>> it's a lot of work. there's a thin layer of soil, with rock underneath. heavy rains wash away the soil and then there's rock everywhere. >> these plastic sheets protect their fields from weeds and erosion. jambay and his wife sell part of their harvest. chiles and cardamom fetch a good price. the village built a water tank to irrigate their fields. the water comes from the mountains through plastic pipes, but they are often damaged in landslides. and then there's the elephants. >> they come into the village almost every night. small groups of young elephants. usually they tear off clusters of bananas or bamboo plants. five minutes later they leave. we try to scare them off with noise and our flashlights. >> in the nearby town of gelephu, the elephants venture right up to the houses, often damaging cars or farmers'

fields. a few months ago, a local resident was killed by an elephant. an electric fence is being built to keep the elephants out. that way the herds will stay in their natural habitat, where they have an important role to play. >> the elephant is an architect of the forest. he decides what the forest is going to look like. and if there are thick bushes, he just goes in and tramples it, and it opens up for the regeneration of the forest. >> bhutan's forests are important to the country's water supply. they also play a vital role in maintaining biodiversity and protecting the climate. tiny bhutan is doing its best to adapt to climate change. the residents of the mountainous kingdom have little

other choice. >> two childn. two continents, one giant problem. how will climate change affect us and our children? learn more, at dw.com/water. >> groundwater supplies almost half of all the world's household water. and agriculture is also hugely reliant on it for irrigation. 90 name percent of freshwater in our soil is groundwater, yet in many regions, it is becoming ever scarcer -- 99% of freshwater in our soil is ground water. yet in many regions it is becoming ever scarcer, partly because of climate change, but also because too much of it has been pumped out of the ground. including in water-rich countries, like germany.

>> where i sit down to put on my fins, was all water in 2005. >> brandenburg's lake straus lies just outside of berlin. like most bodies of water here, the lake is fed by ground water. for some time, the lake has been shrinking . losing around 600,000 cubic meters of water annually. though drinking water comes from here, that doesn't explain the huge annual losses. the shallow end of the swimming area has almost gone, so diving instructors struggle to practice with beginners. >> because the area behind is too deep for initial training. >> stephan gowitzke fears he won't be able to run his diving school much longer. that's because the water shrinkage also has consequences for advanced divers. ♪ around 30 kilometers away, in berlin, is the leibniz

institute of freshwater ecology at müggelsee. here, ecohydrologist doctor jörg lewandowski does his research. >> at first when you see this much water, you think berlin is water-rich. but at the same time, berlin is really water-poor. because there is very little precipitation. we're in a region of germany with the least amount of precipitation, and as a result, berlin will have big problems with quantities in the long term. that's because climate change is magnifying the problem. it's likely that less groundwater recharge is taking place because water is not seeping in. it's already evaporated beforehand. >> this is already having visible consequences for forests and bogs. chief forester jörg dunger is on his way to the luchsee. district forester peter paulik leads him to a spot where just a few years ago, they would

have got their feet wet. >> this bog is a living body. one that's shrinking. >> standing here my boots are getting wet. but it's actually two metres below the water level that the lake used to have. >> in my case, my head would be underwater. that shows you the extent of the situation. >> when major carbon sinks like fenlands dry out, they release their carbon into the atmosphere. that drives climate change, putting more pressure on the lakes. but the foresters spot another problem -- the huge structure nearby, which surely requires a lot of water. mewhile, at berlin's müggelsee lake, there's more evidence of the growing water shortage and the impact that it's having: >> very early in the year, the threat level for forest fires was high. which again shows we don't have enough water. >> scientists have been tracking the growing water shortage here for decades.

>> if you look at this graph, which covers a period of 50 years, you can see that the water levels are dropping in many areas. >> for more than 20 years, ground water levels have been sinking more noticeably across germany, enough to dry out an inland sea for example. >> it's quite horrifying to see. it's something that, when i think of my children, is going to be a big problem. >> for the diving school at lake strauss, that problem has already arrived. stefan gowitzke is heading to a training platform. a few years ago, it was at a depth of 4 meters. and now? his computer shows it's now just 2 meters 7 deep. the platform that was used to practice rescuing people from the seabed for example, is now no longer deep enough. but the diving school

instructor says climate change isn't the only problem here. he criticizes the local water authority that draws on ground water for public drinking supplies and local industry. >> what i'd like? i'd like people to take us seriously. to hear us and do something about the water shortage which is being caused by human behaviour. >> but he's worried things will only get worse now that automaker tesla has moved in. tesla's 600 thousand square meter gigafactory sits in a water conservation area, and consumes as much as a small town. >> you've got to bear in mind that there will be expansion and that will bring further influx. you've got the automotive supply industry, and a whole raft of people who'll move in, and they will all boost water consumption. >> at the luchsee lake, the moorland is parched. forester peter paulik has been watching the developments for

20 painful years. it makes him -- >> angry, frustrated, a bit sad. >> the official explanation is climate change although it's never been thoroughly investigated. but ground water here is being pumped out of the region. >> peter paulik tells us that a major part of that water goes to one of brandenburg's biggest tourist attractions, the tropical islands' resort. resort managing director thorsten christopher jung doesn't see a connection. >> just because we happen to be in the luchsee region, which has now dried out, i don't think we can take the blame for it. because we have done and continue to do all we can to take an alternative approach. >> some 80% of the poolwater is recycled using state of the art

filter technology. but one fundamental problem is that many of brandenburg's groundwater exploitation licenses were issued more than 30 years ago, long before economic mega developments like tropical islands or tesla arrived on the scene. >> now back to the base. >> recreational divers and diving instructors are in agreement about the ground water. >> a change of approach is necessary. we have to rethink things! our resources are limited. we need to take care of what we have. >> it's not the case that we don't have the chance to enact a better approach, we're just not doing it. and it's also a problem that those who make the decisions are hard to reach. >> as a result more and more often, decisions are being made to help expanding businesses, despite the dire consequences for ground water and the environment.

>> for this week's “global living rooms,” we head to kenya. ♪ >> hello, welcome to my house. come in! have a seat. ♪ >> i live in this house with my 4 kids.

next in line is moses onyango, then comes joshua obienge. and my youngest is florence akiny. they're my family. i really like my living room, because it's so clean. i receive visitors here, and we also eat here together. i've been living in this house for four years. i paid for it myself and bought everything that's in my home. ♪ this is my radio. it makes me happy to listen to

ramogi fm. but if i'm alone, i switch off the radio and turn on the tv. it keeps me company when everyone leaves and i'm alone during the day. and this is where i store the water glasses and cups. here are the washbowls. and the thermoses for tea and dinner plates. this is a battery, which charges our flashlights and phones. and i use it during the evening for lighting. it's a solar powered battery. ♪ >> my business is selling dried fish.

i'm also teaching the trade to my children. with the savings from my earnings, i was able to build my house. ♪ >> sometimes i don't have enough money for school fees. then i tell the kids to take a chicken and sell it, so that we have cash to pay the fees. see you! bye!

♪ >> and that's all from us at "global 3000" this week. thanks for joining us. don't forget to tell us what you liked about the show, and write to global3000@dw.com. and check us out on facebook too, dw global ideas. see you next week, take care! ♪

berlin. the world stunned by news of the assassination of former japanese prime minister shinzo abe. are they was shot and killed at a political rally on friday. police say the suspect is a 41-year-old who was armed with a homemade gun. we will get reaction to the death of a giant in japanese politics. also coming up tonight, russian president putin warrants the war in ukraine is only just getting