this world cup. ♪ >> this is al jazeera. let's get a round up. it is really forces have launched an operation targeting the palestinian lions den in the occued west bank and at least three people have been kild. we have more from ramallah. reporter: we are hearing that the armed confrontations continue in and around the occupied west bank. we are hearing the locals

calling it a scene from hell. they are hearing large numbers have been pushed inside the city. the city has been under siege for more than two weeks. forces are closing down the city . they are trying to track down a group calling itself the lions den. >> richie sunak will become britain's youngest prime minister and the first of asian heritage. he was the only candidate to get 100 ballots from the mps. a prominent pakistani journalist was shot dead. he fled his home country to avoid sedition charges. he supported the former prime minister, con and has been critical of the government and military. ukraine has invited officials

from the nuclear watchdog to examine the facilities after russia accused it of planning to use an explosive. moscow has not provided evidence to back the claims. the u.s. justice department says it has disrupted them and i give it he by people working for the chinese government. two suspected chinese intelligence officers are charged with trying to obstruct u.s. investigation in trying to take down huawei. using the cover of an academic institute. those are the headlines. we are back in half an hour. right now, it is "inside story." ♪ ♪

laura:t least 220 people killed in the latest fighting in sudan. it has created more turmoil a year after a military turnover scuttled the transition to civilian rule. what can bring stability to sudan. this is "inside story." ♪ laura: hello. welcome to the program. i am laura kyle. the south of sudan has seen some of the worst violence between rival ethnic communities in months. at least 220 people have been killed in the last week. security forces have been deployed to quiet the situation in blue nile stage. two tribes have been fighting since july for access to land

and resources. witnesses report heavy gunfire and homes burnt to the ground. international aid agencies are urging all people. all sides to allow them access to the region. calling for the government to be sacked. the u.n. says at least 1200 people have been displaced. >> these displaced are in schools as large groups. these habitats are not fit to be camps. they do not have the proper help conditions. we cannot handle the situation because the flow of displaced is ongoing. that is why we are calling on aid organizations and friendly countries and the federal government to send the necessary eight. laura: the ethnic violence has created more instability. soldiers shot dead and anti-coup protester. the army chief, general abdel fattah al-burhan seized power in october last year and ousted a

civilian led government. talks are resuming. -- talks resuming have made little progress. inflation is at 380%. a third of sudan's 45 million people do not have enough to eat. >> we are demonstrating to make one thing clear. we do not want political compromise, partnership with the army or negotiations. we want to overthrow two and for that we are ready to pay the price even with our lives. laura: let's take a brief look back at sudan's political upheaval in the last few years beginning in 2019. that is want -- that is when a longtime leader was pushed out. a three-year power-sharing agreement was established with hamdok as prime minister. he served for only a year. since then the military has

expanded its powers. general abdel fattah al-burhan was sworn in as head of the ruling council. protest against military rule have been help nearly week since october last year. ♪ let's bring in our guests now. in khartoum we have hajooj kuka, political activist and a member of girifna, nonviolent resistance movement. and in manama, we have abdelkhalig shaib, sudanese lawyer and a political analyst. would to have you on the show. thank you for joining us. a lot of instability in sudan at the moment. a complicated picture. let's start focusing on the blue nile state and these extraordinary levels of violence we are seeing at the moment. what is the situation there now ? hajooj: it is horrifying. the pictures coming from their are simply horrifying.

they are really hard to look at. we have been calling our friends there and they are talking about how the stability is really bad. and they need humanitarian help. what is really complicated is because it is tribal conflicts. these conflicts are rooted in political issues and rooted in feeling that you are not heard and all of those things but they are really being complicated and the military government -- only security measures to tackle it and they are not working. the people are left with fighting each other and fighting the military. a total loss of control over the blue nile and there are no solutions because the only thing they have in their hands are weapons. and they are not working. what is needed is civilian solutions. and the current government is

unable to even start processing or understanding the depth of the root of the problem. laura: we will be looking more at the government in khartoum for the moment. abdelkhalig shaib, i want to focus on the situation in blue nile because this was a relatively calm state until july. why have the tensions been breaking out then and again now ? abdelkhalig shaib: thank you for having me. broadly, we need to understand that tribal conflicts in sudan are not new. they are renewed every now and then because of the lack of governance in khartoum and this has reflection in the region. what we need to understand is there has never been an inclusive process in the blue nile or the -- these are the areas where the conflict is erupting now.

it started in july as a dispute over land. there has been an esco -- an escalation by politicians. the national congress party, when they have been troubled from bush years regime, this has left the sudanese with a vacuum and each group is using that vacuum in a different way creating different allies within these groups. we need to keep that in mind. it was relatively calm. but this will lead to instability. laura: how far do you agree with that ? many say that what we are seeing now is not normal cycles of traditional violence. there is the added factor of being infiltrated by other sudanese who are competing for

resources and for power. do you agree with that ? hajooj: i agree with the other guest. blue nile has been shocking because they have been more peaceful with fewer tribal conflicts in the past. it is shocking that this is happening. this is something we are used to in other parts of sudan. and right now because of the political situation and the ability of the spla to actually become a real civilian government and make the people in blue nile feel they are equal. all of these things -- the political parties -- when the government fails to show people that they can control, bring justice, people revert back to their tribes. when you go back to your tribes, the issues that have been building for years come to the forefront and that is what is happening. the inability -- conflict is

normal in sudan. but you have to have ways to solve the conflicts and right now there are no ways to solve these conflicts and that is why they erupt and when they erupt there is no way to hold them back. laura: i'm trying to get to the bottom of whether this violence is erupting because it is being ignored by the government or because it is being stoked i the military ? hajooj: both. it seems they are unable to control them. it is not that they are using them to do anything over there but these problems are there. there are huge economic issues because one year into the coup, the economy of the country is collapsing. there are these issues that need to be dealt with. there are these promises given after the revolution and all of these have not been answered.

now you're sitting there waiting for things to improve and they are getting worse. and where they are getting worse, people are trying to solve them but there is no government to talk to so people go back to their tribal roots and the situation erupts. in other parts of the country there is more conflict because -- but in blue nile it is more the failure of the government to actually act or be able to address the issues that are happening in the country a year into not having a government that can run the country. laura: what would you say are the reasons for the government failing to act ? abdelkhalig shaib: hajooj mentioned some of it. [indiscernible]

you can look at it from that angle. and this is not a conflict that is new. he has been an a conflict with the government before the agreement and before the 2019 constitution declaration. he has always been a part of the equation. if you look at that and how the different communities are trying different positions, you would understand it is not just political violence. you will likely see this erupting over and over. laura: is it not the elites, the bashir affiliates, they are too busy in khartoum focusing on getting power. bakry eljack elmedni: they are too busy. this is one thing.

but there is no interest in the moment to strike a peace deal. in the blue nile. there is no interest whatsoever to even negotiate the agreement and make it meaningful to bring peace and justice and security. if you look at it from that perspective, and also they are focusing [indiscernible] which is basically a compromise rather than a political solution with a genuine political process. you would understand how things are difficult now to solve in the blue nile. laura: a lot of these problems or tensions stem from access to land. the hausa were never given indigenous land rights or sudanese citizenship. what happened ? why did they fail to implement these policies ? hajooj: i think to bring this

into perspective because it seems very complicated -- there is an old sudan and that is tribal sudan based on land. there is an idea of a new sudan where there is citizenship. it is a sudan where we can become a country. right now, when you are trying to solve the issues by having this piece agreement that is basically talking about the rights of different groups, historic rights, rights based on your ethnic group and whatnot, it makes you go back to your ethnic roots. and you want to strengthen your ethnic roots so you got these rights and this makes a conflict between the different ethnic groups. this is why we have these tribal conflicts. you get power because you are tribal ? or because you have farms ? and this is the old sudan.

the idea of the old sudan and the agreement, we cannot move forward and you will always have these issues because of that. the revolution was always about let's become a country. let's all be equal. let's solve the problems come the root cause of the problems that divide us and make us not have a certain identity and not be a part of this country at the same level. and this is the idea of the new sudan, the idea of the revolution. as long as you try to solve these issues not in roots of them, just trying to solve on the surface, you are unable to and you will never get to the point of a government or a country where the point of ending these issues of land, these issues that are deep rooted in where are you coming from, when did you come to the country ? the hausa has only been here for

150 years. these issues are historical issues that are deep rooted and need to be solved. they cannot be solved by this agreement or by having these smaller ways of dealing with the problem in small bites. laura: let's bring back in bakry eljack elmedni. good to have you with us. he was just saying that you can divide sudan into an old sudan and a new sudan. we are looking at the crux of the violence that has broken out in the blue nile stage. how can we overcome that ? bakry eljack elmedni: thank you for having me. i appreciate the opportunity to speak to you today at this historic omit and sad moment in the history of our country. to speak to your question, in a postcolonial country it is not unheard of to have tribal conflict and ethnic conflict. that is something that has been around. the difference is in the last 30

years there has been an official investment by the authority and by that i mean the bashir regime to invest in the extreme policies. and i have to add in the aftermath of october, 2021, there have been serious investment in tribal lysing politics, ethnic politics and using tribes as a substitute and a proxy for gaining political power. from that perspective i would say that bashir played the game in the north and the south. and in blue nile as well. the difference is there used to be a center of command, the security apparatus used to have control over what they were doing.

they have always had in their minds a plan. as we speak, it is at its weakest point in history. i would argue there is no government that has control of the country. i don't even think they have control over the headquarters let alone the rest of the country. from that perspective, i think you could say that what is going on in lou nile is not something that is extraordinary. the difference is we have an official government investment in making the ethnic division and using tribes as a way of dividing and as a way of using ethnic groups as a way of controlling and dividing. this is not new. no one really [indiscernible] in terms of talking to old sudan

and new sudan, i think the country is going through a transition. we are witnessing some old institutions, socioeconomic institutions that are dying. i'm talking about tribal leadership. i'm also talking about institutions coming into place. they come in different shapes and forms but they are far from being materialized. laura: let's jump in there, to the extent that you believe or think that sudan is going through a transition, we have general abdel fattah al-burhan pledging to step aside for a civilian government and pledging elections. do you think that will happen and we will see a rise of the resistance committees into government ? abdelkhalig shaib: i think --

pledging to transition, we have a defective government in place in khartoum. that government is a military. there is a counsel. general abdel fattah al-burhan said we need to sit together and agree on a way to move forward. that is unfair because he has sang for the pro-democracy movements with the movements and groups that supported the military, whether this will lead to anything. khartoum is trying to strike a political compromise rather than solving the problem. you have those that have not been part of the two in one camp and then you have the military

and those supporting the military from the political parties who are peace signatories in another camp and then you have those that have not been part of the process. i think the threat, the question would be if you are going to have an election, will it be a fair election ? do the sudanese have the ability to go to an election ? are the political parties ready for elections ? i think the answer is no. laura: i see you shaking your head. you agree that now is not the right time to bring elections ? hajooj: i totally agree that to actually get to the point where you can have elections, you need a transitional period like he just said. it has completely stopped. the transitional period has stopped. the basics to become -- two into

voting, you need media, rules, certain institutions to be put into place and they are not there. you cannot act like we can go into a democracy. we need the transitional period. we need a real one not like what happened before and we don't have that right now. we are back into a state of revolution and what i feel is really amazing a year into it is the maturity level of the resistance committees. right now, i think on the street a consciousness of people on the street has reached a level where they have realized the first step to democracy is to have a parliament. a parliament that is representative that is a. and this is what we did not have during the time of hamdok. we want a parliament with a prime minister and then we can move forward. and then we can reach the basis where you can have a democracy. one thing i want to correct -- resistance committees will never

go into power. that is not the aim of the resistance committees. the committees want to oversee the creation of a parliament that starts at the grassroots level. local parliaments that and up into a national government. laura: do you see a parliament growing from the grassroots level as a realistic, immediate prospect for sudan ? bakry eljack elmedni: i don't think so. i think the issues in sudan are complex. and i am speaking from -- as a reporter. if the country has a chance to stay unified and avoid breaking into chaos and civil war, they have to have a serious commitment that would bring a pro-democracy role -- rule.

at the same time, if we do not reach enough consensus to provide legitimacy for some type of authority to put the foundation for a transition government, i don't think we are going to get out of here. i think the resistance committees -- i think what they say is far from the reality. these are not unified bodies. there is an idea but it is far from saying -- i don't even know based on what mechanisms and means we can actually get to touch -- get to a parliament. it is an aspiration but i think it could be one of the steps. it would bring in different political actors and parties.

to do the right thing is to figure out how to create a legitimate group that has representation. that is something -- laura: i'm going to jump in here to give the last word to abdul c abdelkhalig shaib. abdelkhalig shaib: what you need to look at is basically needing a genuine political process in the country and that political process, once it is in khartoum, it will make it easier for the tribal conflict to stop. otherwise, the tribals will have to take a side based on the political competitions in khartoum unless we -- we saw it

in july and now again in september and october. laura: we will have to leave the conversation there. thank you, all for taking the time to join us on "inside story ." and thank you do you also for watching. you can see the program any time by going to our website, al jazeera.com. and for further conversation, go to our facebook page. you can also join the conversation on twitter. from the whole team here, it is goodbye for now. ♪

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