>> welcome back to france 24. this is "live from paris." here your headlines. joe biden is in mexico for a north american sumt with his canadian and mexican counterparts. top of the agenda, how to stop drugs and people flowing across the u.s.' s southern border. brazil begins its crackdown after thousands of rioters stormed the country's highest seats of power, the president sworn those involved will be brought to justice as hundreds of arrest are made. iran draws international condemnation after it executed

two protesters over the weekend. three people were handed death sentences monday, bringing the total to 17. ♪ >> it is good to have you with us. . joe biden is in mexico for a meeting of north american leaders. dubbed the three amigos summit with meetings between biden, mexico's president, and canada's justin trudeau. the trip is biden's for south of the border of his presidency, a border which has become a political flashpoint with the issue of illegal migration hanging over the meeting between the u.s. president and his mexican counterpart. our correspondent reports. reporter: a warm welcome to mexico city from president on dress manuel lopez obligor as joe biden arrives for a two day

summit, with immigration at the united states seven border high on the agenda. biden had made a stop in el paso, texas on sunday, where he met border guards at one of the busiest entry points for migrants crossing into the u.s. it is a hot button issue in the state, and republican governor greg abbott had harsh words for the president. >> they pay us, and his refusal to enforce the border laws has caused the state -- cost the state of texas. i have told him how thousands of texans have lost their lives, tens of thousands of texans have had their lives destroyed by his open border policy. reporter: under political pressure to attack this flow of people, which has reached record numbers during his first two years in office, biden and hands an extension of the title 42 legislation last week, which will seek 30,000 migrants from four specific countries allowed

into the u.s. every month. that is if they enter the country legally, have a valid u.s. sponsor, and pass vetng and background checks. under these new regulations, mexico will also accept 30,000 grins per month and stop them from entering the united states. fraser: for more, we cross live to washington where we speak to michael shifter, senior fellow and former president of the inter-american dialogue. thank you for joining us on france 24. i want to start by discussing the topic of immigration. november saw the highest number of people crossing americans -- america's southern border. some have been said to be from cuba or nicaragua. how difficult is it a problem for the u.s. to solve? if these people are not mexican citizens, it is not as simple as putting them back in mexico. >> not at all. it is ry complicated. because cuba and nicaragua are

both dictatorships in the u.s. is not going to return them to their home countries. this has been a recent problem just over the last several months. this migration issue is very dynamic, it is evolving in directions that nobody predicted a year ago. immigration was from the central american so-called northern triangle countries. mexico had leveled off. . now migration from mexico is increasing. now we have cubans, nicaraguans, and venezuelans. this is a very difficult issue for biden to handle. he is getting a lot of criticism at home, and he is trying to go down the middle on this by having this arrangement with mexico, that mexicans wou cept 30,000 of those migrants. and then havg a more formal process for those who appl but he is really getting attacked from both sides.

fraser: you said the issue is evolving, but it is nothing new. it has been going on for years. many administrations before biden have tried and failed to get a handle on the flow. what lessons can the u.s. learn from previous administrations? michael: i met -- meant evolving inerms othe competent -- the composition of the migration. this is the highest number of cubans that have ever come, nicaraguans had never come for a long time, now they are coming. venezuelans had gone to south america, now they are coming to the u.s. in the composition, it is very different and evolving. the lesson is that in order to address this in the proper way, you need wide-ranging fundamental immigration reform, that the united states has not had since the mid-1980's. and politically, it has been difficult because both sides

want their approach, the democrats more open approach and the republicans only focusing on law enforcement, and therefore it has been impossible to come up with a coherent policy. that is the primary lesson. this really isn't a very good solution. i think the best solution is just to manage these flows in much more orderly and rational fashion, to try to guard against abuses of migrants. to try to get into more resources for asylum. obviously, the resources are lacking at the border, and the a administration has committed more. you need all of these measures that are taken. but i think nobody believe this is going to be a solution tohe problem. these are band-aids. they may help a little bit in managing it more effectively, but they are not a solution to the issue. fraser: people crossing the

border, drugs are also flowing into the border -- into the country from mexico. we have seen the amount of cocaine seized at the border fall, while meth and fentanyl have increased. can you explain why that is? michael: i think a lot of -- there has been an increase of synthetic drugs, the production in mexico that are controlled by cartels, and the precursor chemicals come from and it comes from china, and a lot of other places in asia. and they are coming to mexico, they are produced there. in the demand and consumption for these fentanyl, particularly, has increased dramatically. the united states in 2021, the last year we have figures, over 100,0 people died of overdoses and a lot of that was from fentanyl.

the drugs really have shifted. part of the reason is because marijuana availability is now legal in so many states in the united states, that it is no longer profitable for the mexicans. they have adapted and switched to these synthetic drugs which are in great demand, and has caused a lot of damage. it is a serious issue and a real headache for president biden. he is taking a lot of flak. a few days before the summit, the mexicans arrested the son of el chapo guzman, who is allegedly -- who was one of the trafficking fentanyl of mexico to the united states. this was obviously to show president biden that mexico is taking this seriously. but a lot more needs to be done on both sides of the border to address this. fraser: click -- michael shifter from the inter-american dialogue, thank you for joining us on france 24.

brazilian authorities have vowed to protect democracy and bring to justice those who stormed the seats of power over the weekend. thousands of supporters of far right former president jair bolsonaro oke into congress, the supreme court, and the presidential palace on sunday, leaving a trail of destruction in their wake. many have called upon the army to oust the democratically elected lula and reinstate bolsonaro. let's get the latest on this story where we can speak to our correspondent. incredible images coming out of brazil over the last 48 hours. how is the government reacting to the riot over the weekend? >> absolutely shocking images. this is the worst political violence, the worse attack on democracy that brazil has suffered since its return to democracy in the 1980's. for that reason, the government is acting swiftly and very

firmly. and it became obvious the police were not going -- as they marched up the ramp behind me toward the congress that you can see behind me. president lula decreed a federal intervention, basically bringing both security forces under the direct control of the federal government. as well as that, a warrant has been issued for the arrest for the secretary of public security for the federal district, which includes brasilia. he is suspected of collusion with these far right extremists, as well as the governor of the federal district who has been removed from his post for three months because of his actions, or shall i say, lack of actions because of this riot. fraser: these riots have been internationally denounced. bolsonaro saying things had gone too far. protesters have been upping the

ante since the election in october, haven't they? police broke down an encampment not far from where you are. what more can you tell us about that? jan: it was a very muted response from bolsonaro yesterday. and a very belated response. he only responded once he knew this coup attempt, let's call it, was going to fail. what he actually said was the invading and damaging of property was not part of the rules of the game. hardly a resounding condemnation of criminals acting on his behalf, and his name. -- in his name. what i can tell you other than that is that he also did not condemn the different camps that you mentioned, the one in brasilia, cannot just in brasilia, there are ones outside the army barracks.

he did not condemn those out all over the last few months since he lost the election. people have been camping there since then. . they. have been tolerated since yesterday riots, the federal court has had enough. they have ordered them to be dismantled. the one in brasilia has already gone. 1200 people were arrested from that camp, and they are being detained at a police station in brasilia. the ones in rio and sao paulo are also being dismantled. it really proves that lula wants to crack down on these extremists and it is important to say that today, he spent his time working from his presidential palace, a clear sign to these extremists that he is not going to be cowed by their violent actions. fraser: thank you for that update. jan onoszko in brasilia. rizzo's bolsonaro is in the united states right now, having flown there to -- two days before the end of his term on december 31, snubbing the handover ceremony with lula da

silva. the former president is being treated for abdominal pain in hospital in florida. bolsonaro is believed to have entered the country on a diplomatic visa. with his term over, he has less than a month to leave the united states. let's move on to other news. outrage is growing after iran handed down three death sentences to people arrested during nationwide protests. the three men were convicted of having killed members of the security forces. there sentences bring the total number of people given death sentences to 17. four of whom have been executed. two of those happened over the weekend, bringing swift international condemnation, including from germany, who said it tehran's actions would not go unanswered. >> i have asked today of the iranian ambassador to come to the foreign office in order to make perfectly clear that the brutal repression -- oppression

and terrorizing of its own population, as well as the two most recent executions, will not remain without consequence. fraser: other countries have also condemned the executions including the u.k. and france. for more, we spoke to our correspondent in tehran. reporter: no reaction at this hour to the summoning of iran's top envoy in paris. i highly doubt there wilbe a public reaction to this development. iranian people, the public, they have too much on their plate to worry about diplomats condemni one another. we could hear from government officials, we will wait and see. hover, this is another indication that relations between iran and france are quickly deteriorating. ey are summoning iran's top envoy from the french foren ministry, the result of two other young men being executed,

hank on saturday in connection to the prost, and three other individuals being sentenced to deat . the two individuals ecuted on saturday, reportedly a 22ear-old karate cp and 39-yeaold man who worked at a poultry factory. authorities say back in november, these two individuals we part of a gang that beat to death a 32-year-old member of iran's sch paramilitary force. state media airing video showing him being beat to death however, human rights groups say these two individuals were unjustly executed. sham, they lasted a couple a eks, they were never afforded a legitimate cook -- legitimate attorney, and did not have a chance to defend themselves. in summoning iran's top envoy in

ministry condemning thegn execution of these two individuals and condemning iran for sentencingo death a number of other individuals human rights groups say 15 otheren accused of taking part in the protests are scheduled to be sentenced to death. fraser: some british bookstores are opening their doors at midnight tonight is the country braces for the release of the biggest royal book thence princess diana's's in 1992. this time, it is her son's publication, which has made waves, prince harry releasing the first of a three book deal, this one entitled "spare." the book's release has been preceded by a six part netflix program, as well as two interviews with british and american media. prince harry and his wife exit from british life has proved to be as divisive as ever, with some praising the -- the couple for breaking the code of silence, while others have had enough of what the couple have to say. >> and of the criticisms you

have received is ok, fine, want to move to california, you want to step back from the institutional role. why be so public? you say, you tried to do this privately. >> every single time. there have been briefings and leaking's. the family motto is never complained, never explain. it doesn't really -- >> there is a lot of complaining and a lot of explaining, three weeks. >> through leaks. fraser: for a look at the top business news with brian quinn, it is good to see you. happy new year. first time i've seen you since the new year. starting in china where covid released -- covid restrictions is bringing hopes for a new tourism boom. brian: as of sunday, visitors to china are no longer required to quarantine in centralized locations, being issued to would-be chinese travelers. for three years, beijing's

strict zero covid policies have deprived neighboring countries of revenues those countries are hoping for a resurgence. kimberly reports. report: crowds of eager chinese travers lineup at one of beijing's exit and entry management centers, awaiting their travel documents. after nearly three years of strict coronavirus restrictions, they are allowed to journey abroad without having to quarantine on their return. long-delayed plans can now go ahead. >> i'm here to get aass for traving to hong kong because i have business dealings there. >> i just had my passport renewed and will get the new one on the 17th. i think i would probably visit highland for a vacation as my first trip. reporter: the news brings hope and relief to chinese travelers, but also to tourism related sectors in neighboring countries ready to welcome visitors again. >> especially if we look at the

fx market, we see the currencies that have the biggest gain are tylan, followed by korea. this is a market that could be china's reopening, especially from the opening of tourists to this country. reporter: country's largest online booking platform, searches for outbound flights and hotels for the lunar new year holiday have increased more than five times since last year. macau, hong kong, japan, and tylan are among the top destinations for chinese vacationers. the trips between china and the rest of the world will take time. japan and other countries have decided to limit the number of chinese travelers because of the spike in covid infections in recent weeks. bryan: the latest unemployment data for the eurozone came out, with jobless claims remaining at a record low. the unemployment rate across the 20 nations that share the euro

currency held at 6.5% for november, overall jobless claims falling from october's level of over 10.8 million. combined with the latest inflation data from friday that shows eurozone consumer price is up by less than 10% in december, the tightening labor market is leading to projections of a shallower than expected session in europe. turning to the day. 's trading action, european indexes rose on the latest economic data, along with the hope that it will mean a boost. to the global economy. on of germany's top trading partners, dax and frankfurt closed up 1.25%. investors seeing slowing wage growth as a sign that the u.s. federal reserve might slow down interest rate hikes this year. some contrary signs coming out later in the day from the tech heavy nasdaq, the only index to end in positive territory, around two thirds of a percent or the for markets will be u.s. inflation data, due later this

week. >> i think headlines in china will contie to resonate favorably we havuscp i to deal with. that as e cracks of the decision-making process. most investors.wall of worry for uscp i is circled in red in my calendar. bryan: to the u.k. where the so-called winter of discontent rolls on. labor union says they are going ahead with strikes planned for this month after talks with the government broke down monday. more than 10,000 ambulance personnel will wk out wednesday with the nurses set to strike next week. strikes byail workers have severely disrupted the u.k. hollow kit -- holiday travel. teachers are planning walkouts. the main issue is pay, with inflatn at a four decade high, many birds have been forced to choose between heating their homes or buying food. the government's prime minister says inflation will only further

fuel a wage price spiral. unions representing the national health workers say the government demanded greater productivity in exchange for a raise, calling that an insult. >> this is not a factory we are talking about. we are talking about people who are working well beyond their contracted hours anyway, just to get the job done. for the government to be talking about productivity in exchange for a pay is an insult. bryan: finally, top u.s. investment bank goldman sachs is getting set for its biggest round of layoffs since the 2008 financial crisis. the company will start cutting 3200 jobs, 6.5% of its workforce, starting wednesday. seeking to cut costs amid a darkening economic outlook. goldman sachs brought on twice as many new hires as compared to the industry since the start of the pandemic. global investment banking fees

fell by half in 2020 tuning to -- in 2022. a paltry $77 billion. fraser: thank you so much. it is time for truth or fake, joined by vedika bahl. you have been looking into our top story, brazil, circulating since congress was stormed what have you found? vedika: with everything that has taken place in brazil since sunday, i found electronic voting machines are really one of the elements at the heart of this story. i will show you a video that has been circulating heavily on brazilian and pro-bolsonaro social media. let's take a look. this is a video from sunday, and we can see massive amounts of protesters, and this huge site in portuguese and english. it does say "we want the source

code." you might be wondering what exactly that means, what are they referring to, and what these protesters are referring to is they are questioning the reliability of not just the vote that has taken place with the results placing lula da silva and power, but they are questioning the reliability of the electronic voting machines brazil uses. what exactly is source code? source code is a programming language, essentially the language that carries the instructions for how software works. is basically the command lines that build the program. brazil electoral authorities are the ones who actually write the source code. the country, they did launch electronic voting in 1996. it is since 2000 that all brazilian elections have been fully electronic, with the electoral authorities setting the source code. in order to manage this and make sure it is done not only efficiently but also regulated, there is a regulatory body to

operate this, and this is run by the superior electoral court, which in portuguese, relates to the tfe. to keep things fair in this country that does have a tendency to be influenced by misinformation, the tsc ensures the source code is inspected by not just one particular body, and a multitude of different ones that appear the source code is inspected not just by universities, but also the federal police, federal prosecutors, and even the armed forces. this is mandatory. in previous elections, the source codes were if viable for inspection six months before the election took place. this time for the election that just past, the courts granted access to the codes one year before, which means thesis source codes have been available since october 2021. while we might be seeing protesters saying we want the source codes, yes, they are not available to the public,

considering it is programming language, that they have been available for inspection. fraser: there has been lots circulating around these source codes. this is not the first time it has been used as a tool for misinformation, is it? vedika: no, it's not the first time. former president jair bolsonaro has been one of the loudest voices involved. he has claimed the election is dubious and the process is dubious since his own way and in 2018, where he claimed that electronic voting fraud robbed him of an outright victory. here we have another video from sunday, just a different angle. we can see the same side -- sign and protesters. "we want the source code." this pro-bolsonaro user online has claimed with the video attached that the access to the source code was denied into the army when they were ordering the electric -- auditing the elections.

as we said, this source code is regulated and do for inspection by several actors, including the army. when i did some digging into this, i found all of this, and this claim in particular, links back to an accusation that spread like wildfire on brazilian what's app and social media, just after the election results came out in october. this is linked to an audio file and particularly the audio file blamed this man in particular. and accused him. this is the president of the tse, and the accusation claimed he denied the army access to the source code. fact checking sites, lula did debunk this. the tse themselves have released this communique to debunk this, and to reiterate how all of the parties and authorities had access to the source codes one year before, including the army. fraser: thank you so much for that, vedika bahl, with truth or fake. stay tuned, we will be back in a

quick moment with more headlines. >> princess islands off the coast of istanbul. here, the outcome of the akp being and power for 20 years is divided opinion. there are those who are suffering from inflation. >> [speaking foreign language] >> those who disagree with president erdogan's immigration policy. >> [speaking foreign language] >> and then there are those who always supported him. >> [speaking foreign language] >> for the president, how the young vote will be decided in the june 2023 elections. revisited, on france 24 and france 24 -- and france24.com.

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01/09/23 01/09/23 [captioning made possible by democracy now!] amy: from new york, this is democracy now! >> i am going to return to brasília now. i will visit three sites that were damaged. be sure this will not be repeated, to discover who finance this and they will have to pay the price under the law. amy: more than 400 people have been arrested in brazil after supporters of former president jair bolsonaro stormed the