from berlin. secretary-general jens stoltenberg says ukraine could join, quote, when allies agree and conditions are met, but provided no timeline. also on the program, nationwide protests across israel as the country's parliament votes for a bill limiting the powers of the supreme court. the move has sparked months of

demonstrations and a long-running political crisis. and a former migrant scarred by his experience goes back to senegal to encourage young people to stay and build a better life for themselves at home. ♪ i'm nicole frolich. to our viewers on pbs in the united states and to all of you joining us, welcome. nato chief jens stoltenberg has signaled support for ukrainian membership in the alliance, saying the country could join when allies agree and conditions are met. nato leaders stopped short of offering kyiv a timeline. volodymyr zelenskyy before the summit had harsh words for the alliance, calling nato's lack of clarity absurd. reporter: as russian attacks rained down on ukraine, the

country's flag file -- flies high over vilnius. ukrainian president zelenskyy came here with a clear message. he wants concrete commitments from the alliance. >> ukraine will make nato stronger. reporter: ukraine has long harbored and visions of winning nato. though leaders have agreed to remove some barriers to entry, kyiv's hopes of securing a timeline have been dashed. >> ukraine will become a member of nato. and we agreed to remove the requirement for membership action plan. this will change ukraine membership path from a two-step process to a one-step process. we also made clear that we will issue an invitation for ukraine to join nato when allies agree and conditions are met. reporter: four months, nato nations have been haggling over

when and how ukraine should be invited to join the alliance. they say it will not happen while the war rages, makes it is that could bring nato -- because that could bring nato into direct conflict with russia. but some baltic countries are: for a clear path for -- are calling for a clearer path for kyiv. >> what more can we do in order to really go to that membership? reporter: germany and the u.s. have been more cautious, keeping the focus on future security assurances. >> it is important for us from the outset that there are security pledges for ukraine that can be effective after peace. reporter: that could include individual pledges to offer ukraine support in case of further attacks, but not to fight for the country. at least one announcement at the summit will see kyiv's ambitions take flight. several nations including the netherlands and denmark agreed

to start training ukrainian pilots on western-made fighter jets later this year. nicole: i asked constantine a big art if this is the best nato leaders could offer ukraine. >> it seems this is the best compromise they could reach and no more than that. indeed during the war, it was very difficult to imagine that ukraine would be invited to join the alliance. but for the ukrainians, the central europeans, and the baltic countries, what they really wanted was a clear roadmap or timeline. and because of that, frankly speaking, it starts to look very much like bucharest 2008 again. i see just a bit of difference. nicole: what is the difference from bucharest where nato declared ukraine would

eventually be able to join the alliance? >> in political terms, pretty much none. there is still no timeline and the conditions are pretty vague. you could say ukraine is not ready basically as long as you want. the only real thing is the removal of the foreign membership action plan which is a preparatory stage that usually lasts two to four years. now ukraine will not have to go through that. but the problem is you do not know when ukraine is going to go through that. this is something i think will have an impact on the future of the war with russia and frankly, on the future of the alliance. nicole: nato members are very hesitant to offer a set timeline to ukraine and it is one of the central demands that zelenskyy brought to this summit. what are the reasons for caution? why can't nato say ok, once the war stops we can initiate these

steps? konstantin: once you speak to diplomats and officials in the corridors of the summit, it is very clear that one of the reasons is the situation in the united states. the biden administration is under increasing pressure from isolationist wings of the republican party and its own democratic party, which essentially says that the united states should withdraw from the world and try to avoid any involvement in military conflicts. in the run-up to the election year, many people here are saying joe biden, u.s. president, is extremely cautious not to be seen as quote-unquote, a warmonger, someone who could unexpectedly draw the u.s. into the conflict with russia which could become nuclear. other experts here say it is quite unlikely russia will go through -- go for a nuclear

confrontation with nato, but still caution rains here in vilnius. nicole: how might this be playing out in moscow do you think? konstantin: frankly speaking, my suspicion, my personal take, is that putin breathe a sigh of relief. nothing dramatic happened. they probably expected it. they have their sources. whether it will have an impact on the prosecution of the war by the russians, i think it will. frankly, this indefinite and unclear timeframe pushes putin to extend the war as long as possible, to make it protracted in order to delay ukraine's accession to nato for as long as possible. so this will be a political and i am afraid military logic of moscow in the coming months and who knows, probably years. nicole: konstantin eggert in vilnius, many thanks.

konstantin: thank you. nicole: a ukrainian diplomat has been following events in vilnius , i asked him what he thought about today's announcement by jens stoltenberg. >> well, i won't lie, it's kind of a disappointment frankly, considering that nato's policy towards ukraine, let's be honest, was one big lie over the last two decades at least. people spoke and said the doors to ukraine are open but in reality everybody knew that they were not. because that was the way of nato, not to escalate and not to provoke russia. our hope is that this policy of appeasing a bully has failed after 1.5 years of ukraine

basically doing nato's job and providing security for europe in the face of this mad russia. after 23 countries of nato supported a clear timeline for ukraine's nato accession, we thought it would be a little bit more than this final statement of the summit. nicole: why do you think the communique is so vague? what is nato so afraid of, and who within nato is afraid? >> i completely agree with konstantin. first of all, it's about the position of the american leader. we were extremely thankful and grateful to joe biden for providing all the support and basically taking a direct position.

but on this particular one it sounded like a continuation of an absolutely failed obama policy. tomorrow during the inaugural meeting of the ukraine nato council, there will be quite an open conversation about knowing the temperament of our president. nicole: some argue it is not in nato's best interest to grant membership to ukraine. what would ukraine bring to the table in exchange for the alliance potentially risking all at war with russia? -- all-out war with russia? olexander: we are speaking about opening a door and finding something more tangible or clear than all these mantras from the past that turned out to be shallow and empty. nicole: but why should you become a member?

sorry to interrupt you there. olexander: excuse me? nicole: why should ukraine become a member? what would they bring into the alliance? olexander: aside from the strongest army in europe, aside from the population that adamantly believes in nato, aside from proving that we are protecting and fighting and bleeding for the values of nato, well, all these things the last, i don't know -- nicole: what would you hope to get as a member that you are not already getting now? olexander: first of all, after the war ends, there will be a huge effort on rebuilding ukraine of course. no sane, cautious investor would invest in a country that does not have a security umbrella

over it. and nato's fifth article is the most tangible thing to provide such a number a lot. nicole: you -- such an umbrella. nicole: you seem very disappointed and so does president zelenskyy. what is the way forward now? olexander: the most important thing is that both nato and ukraine are moving ahead. the countries of nato have clearly stated what they want. i think tomorrow, the meeting of the council will also show the overwhelming majority of the countries really, really wanting to live in this policy of hypocrisy towards ukraine. and as open and real partners to each other, we should be moving ahead first to winning this war, and second, to making europe a more secure and more safe space.

nicole: that was ukrainian diplomat olexander scherba. thank you so much for your time. olexander: thank you. nicole: also high on the agenda at the nato summit is the issue of air defense. germany wants to lead the way with a plan to protect against air attacks. the european sky shield initiative as it is called aims to purchase air defense systems jointly to reduce costs. but the plan has proven quite divisive. reporter: from kyiv to kramatorsk. russian missiles have devastated ukrainian cities. destroying thousands of homes. killing hundreds. and forcing europeans to ask the question, are we safe? >> currently, the saturation -- the situation with regards to european air defense is not very good. the past years, this has not

been a priority. reporter: now it is, and germany wants to lead the way. >> with the european sky shield initiative, we are bringing together european states to jointly increase protection against ballistic missiles, cruise missiles, and drones. reporter: this is what it could look like. six surface to air rocket systems would target short range missiles. a dozen patriot systems would be used to intercept medium-range missiles. and to top it off, arrow three would defend against attacks from outside the earth's atmosphere, providing vast cover. >> arrow three, according to calculations, mine and some other peoples, has a footprint of a couple thousand kilometers. so what can defend a pretty large area -- so what can defend a pretty large area -- so it can defend a pretty large area.

reporter: the four billion euro american built shield is controversial. it is not clear whether it can work with nato's existing network for air defense. >> seems to be rather divided opinions in berlin and brussels on whether arrow could be integrated into nato's architecture. reporter: still, more than a dozen european countries have signed up to berlin's vision. but germany's nearest ally, france, is pushing its own initiative. emmanuel macron once europeans to be more strategic. in other words, build their own. >> why do we still have to buy american so often? because the americans are much more standardized than we are, and they massively subsidize their manufacturers. reporter: the germans, though, argue europe needs the systems now. >> macron's view seems to be we

are not in such a hearing that we need to build and bridge technologies and we can wait until what we developed in europe is ready. we and others are not convinced about that. reporter: the aftermath of yet another missile strike in ukraine. a reminder that as europe debates its air defense needs, not every country has the luxury of time. nicole: let's take a look at some other headlines now from around the world. the u.n. security council failed to renew authorization of humanitarian aid deliveries to syria's rebel-held northwest from turkiye. the operation was vital to helping around 4 million people. russia vetoed a resolution that would have extended the deliveries for nine months. thousands of people have gathered to commemorate the 1995 massacre in the eastern bosnian town. the remains of 30 victims unearthed from mass graves and recently identified through dna

analysis were laid to rest in a memorial ceremony. they were among 8000 muslim men and boys killed by bosnian serbs. journalists in mexico have protested the killing of colleague luis martin sanchez it was a correspondent for a leading mexican newspaper. sanchez was found dead saturday. more than 150 journalists have been killed in mexico in the last two decades. there have been renewed mass protests in israel after the parliament gave initial approval to a controversial bill to limit the power of the country's courts. it is the latest attempt by prime measurement bed and then john -- to push through a judicial reform met by months of demonstrations. reporter: an angry crowd greets arrivals at the israel airport. protesters flocked to the streets in response to a law that would scrap the supreme

court's right to strike down government decisions. they say netanyahu's efforts to stymie the court is an attack on their basic rights. >> we are fighting for israeli democracy, for our independent judicial system. in israel we only have one check in the checks and balances. we only have one check over our government which is the judicial system and our supreme court. what they are doing right now is trying to take it away exactly like in hungary and poland. we will not allow it to happen. we do not want israel to be a dictatorship. reporter: protests too in tel aviv and other parts of the country. police responded with force, arresting dozens of people. anger and division on the streets were reflected in parliament on monday, and prime minister benjamin netanyahu's right-wing coalition passed the bill in the first hearing.

>> even after the amendment, court independence and civil rights in israel will not be harmed in any way. and that is why the new bill is not the end of democracy, but a strengthening of democracy, and is certainly no reason to disrupt the lives of millions of citizens. reporter: the opposition disagrees, and has vowed to keep fighting. >> this bill will not happen. if it passes the first reading, it will fall on the second and third readings. if it passes the second and third readings, it will fall on the high court. if it does not fall on the high court, this government of yours will fall by the voters because they look at you and say, these people are not only not working for us, they are eliminating israeli unity because of has the -- because of petty motivations by disruptive people. reporter: the vote has intensified protests since the government first table judicial reform in january. but netanyahu is unwilling to

back down, so the protests are set to continue. nicole: to spain now, where the country's coast guard says that has rescued 86 african migrants believed to have been stranded at sea for nearly two weeks. the rescuers say six female and 80 male passengers were on board the vessel. it is believed to be one of three refugee boats carrying at least 300 people that went missing in recent weeks after leaving the west african country of senegal headed for spain's canary islands. the canary islands are considered easier to reach from sub-saharan africa than mainland spain, but the route is notoriously dangerous. our next report come from senegal, where we meet a man who almost lost his life attempting the crossing. now, he's made it his mission to warn others of the dangers. reporter: he almost died at sea on his migration journey from senegal to spain.

today he is back home in the suburbs, and runs a pool for underprivileged children. >> many young people were already on the street, and that was inciting them to take the boat as we did. with all the difficulties, the risks i saw on the boat, i told myself that if by -- by gods grace grace i returned to firm land i will dissuade every one that through education you can learn and succeed here in this country. reporter: the irregular sea route from western africa to spain is notoriously perilous. yet each year, hundreds of young people risk the journey to escape harsh living conditions. in 2021, over 5,000 -- over 50,000 people arrived in spain. more than 1700 migrants from west africa died on the journey between 2020 and 2022. he's not alone in his attempt to

inform young senegalese about the realities of migration. this organization teamed up with artists to -- >> migration is a right, but it's better to follow the rules then do it illegally. this image here shows the arrival in europe. this center is the detention center for foreigners. they can stay there for up to 60 days. after 60 days, they are blade edg -- they are obliged to let you free. it is better to inform them and then they can make a better decision. reporter: most families in this suburb have relatives who either attempted or managed to migrate. despite the warnings, his own brother is now in spain. they regularly speak on the phone. this has increased his determination to fill the gaps left by public actors. on the streets here, everyone knows him. youth unemployment is rampant in

senegal, but through a report, some found jobs and have given up the idea of migrating. >> my dream was to take the boat, but thanks to him i started doing the job that i chose. he guided me from the beginning until the end. reporter: but these initiatives may not be enough. political tensions sparked violent protests in early june following the conviction of the opposition leader to a two year jail sentence. at least 23 people died during the protests. the economic impact was also considerable. a local sailor lost half of his daily income for almost a week. years ago they were on the same boat to spain. it broke down and he drifted for days. >> it is a miracle. nothing indicated that we would survive. we did not have food, water, or fuel. the boat had a hole and was taking on water.

it was overloaded. we did not know where on earth we were. reporter: they don't regret having returned to senegal. the country is often described as a stable democracy in a region scarred by turmoil. but the ability of its leaders to preserve the stability will decide whether senegal's youth can be part of building their own future. nicole: dozens of people have died in flooding as torrential rains sweep across northern india. flash floods and landslides have destroyed highways and homes across several states in the north of the country. in delhi, authorities in the capital were forced to shut schools on monday. scientists say india's seasonal monsoon rains are getting heavier as the climate becomes warmer. reporter: heavier than normal monsoon rains turn the river into a raging torrent in the north indian state.

the rushing water destroyed roads and damaged power lines and communications systems which hampered rescue efforts. >> road restoration will take some time but our priority is to restore electricity and mobile networks so we can receive information regarding any other stranded people so we can rescue them. reporter: scientists say climate change is making the monsoon rain stronger and more unpredictable. dozens of people have died because of the floods across northern india. delhi was inundated with the highest rainfall in a single day for 40 years. swelling the river which runs through the heart of the capital. local media reports say thousands of people are already being moved to shelters as the river reaches dangerous levels. further southwest, staff at the

biggest hospital medical college were left wading through the water. the flood surge was so fast they had no time to evacuate the patient's. -- the patients. >> despite being such a big hospital, so much water has entered within just three to four hours of rain. you can under the -- you can understand the conditions in other hospitals. they have not been moved yet. reporter: as health workers try to pump out the water from the hospital rooms, india's weather agency is forecasting more rain in the days to come. nicole: some sports now. in dennis, -- after defeating jessica pegula of the u.s. the 24-year-old clawed her way back in the deciding set to win.

she's still pursuing her first grand slam title and she will face ukrainian wildcard elina svitolina for a place in saturday's final. here's a reminder of the top story we are following. nato chief jens stoltenberg signaled support for ukrainian membership in the alliance, saying an invitation would be issued when conditions are met. he was responding to criticism from ukraine's president zelenskyy, who said earlier it was absurd his country had not been given a concrete timeline to join. stay with us. after a short break i will be back to take you through "the day." hope to see you there. ♪ [captioning performed by the national captioning institute, which is responsible for its caption content and accuracy. visit ncicap.org]

>> welcome to "live from paris" here on france 24. these are the world news headlines. nato refuses to give her -- give ukraine a timeframe for admission. volodymyr zelenskyy calls it absurd. he told the nato summit that ukraine's presence would make the alliance stronger. russia's forces advance over a kilometer to the east. there are russian drone strikes