pinckney was one of the people in attendance at the church at a bible study. the shooter is described as a 291-year-old white male slender build and cline shaven wearing a gray sweatshirt blue jeans and timberland boots. he is considered extremely dangerous. this is being investigated as a hate crime and that communities need to come together. >> this is a tragedy that no community should have to experience. it is senseless. it is unfathomable that somebody in today's society would walk into a church when people are having a prayer meeting and take their lives, and i can assure you that we are going to do everything in our power to find this individual to lock lim up and to make sure that he does not hurt anyone else. >> a community prayer vigil will be held at noon in ray nearby church.

a media briefing is expected at 7:00 eastern. stay with us for the latest on this breaking show. the rachel maddow show as far as the right now. angelo carusone neatly sort of summed up reasons as follows. he said "donald trump engages in especially unpleasant nasty and despicable behavior. he then gave a big long specific list about donald trump perpetuating the racially charged birther conspiracy and being publicly sexist and being a hypocrite complaining about jobs being overseas when his own merchandise is made overseas. angelo wanted macy's to disassociate themselves with mr. trump.

nearly 700,000 people signed that petition at macy's at move on.org. it's a activist campaign. his name is angelo carusone. now he says that at one point donald trump threatened to sue him for millions of dollars because of that campaign to get macy's to drop mr. trump. the lawsuit never happened and angelo carusone carried on his work as being an anti-donald trump activist. when donald trump announced his presidential campaign yesterday, you might remember one of the things did he right off the top is to make a very big deal about how many people were there at the trump tower in new york to see him make his presidential announcement. here's how that announcement started. >> wow! whoa! that is some group of people. thousands. so nice. thank you very much. that's really nice. thank you. it's great to be at trump tower. it's great to be in a wonderful city, new york. and it's an honor to have everybody here.

this is beyond anybody's expectations. there's been no crowd like this. and i can tell you, some of the candidates they went in, they didn't know the air conditioner didn't work. they sweated like dogs. they didn't know the room was too big because they didn't have anybody there. how are they going to beat isis? i don't think it's going to happen. >> dogs technically don't sweat. they pant. tongue out of the mouth and everything. but still, donald trump says he can beat isis because his rooms not too big. unlike rick perry who was sweaty at his announcement, donald trump knew the air conditioning was going to be on. at trump tower. he knew the size of the room. he knew how to fill that room. but him filling the room, that turns out to be the story. after watching the donald trump presidential announcement yesterday morning, the anti-donald trump activist angelo carusone, he posted a

story, basically, on medium.com. donald trump hired paid actors to attend presidential launch event. talking about the crowd of people who were there at the event which donald trump as you heard called thousands. he said there's been no crowd like this. >> mr. carusone said something about the crowd, something just felt off about it to me. i couldn't quite place it. was it the staging? the crowd? my initial thought was i bet donald trump is paying some of the people to be there. he says i talked myself out of that thought initially because, i mean, come on. this was supposed to be a presidential campaign event no way teld actually pay actors to participate. but something was off. i have to say it did sort of seem like something was off cnn reported a little bit of what seemed off when they noted in their story about the campaign launch yesterday that there was somebody out on the street, out on the sidewalk outside the trump tower before the campaign launch started basically carnival barking, trying po per said passers-by

and new york city pedestrians that they should come into the hotel and be there for the trump presidential announcement. so that was weird anyway. right? that doesn't happen in a regular presidential campaign launch. cnn had initially reported that something was off about the effort to fill that room. our own "rachel maddow show" producer we sent to the event say that he overheard people at the event in the vip section and the press section openly speculating about whether or not the people who were filling that room might be paid actors. and granted that seemed like idle speculation. something was weird enough in the room that people who were there were asking each other about it and talking about it at the event. >> and then mr. carusone started cross referencing pictures from the event that were posted on social media. he said i stumbled across a photo posted on instagram. he recognized the gentleman on right as a professional actor, the man who regularly posts photos on line from his acting gigs.

at the then realized the other person in the photo the person on the left also appears to be a new york city actor. she does appear to be an actor, an experienced union actor. we contacted her today. she did not want to talk to us. honestly, i have to say there is no intimation that any actors did anything wrong here. getting paid to do an acting job and showing up and acting, it's not a crime. it's not even necessarily wrong. but we were trying to figure out if somebody really did hire paid actors to give the appearance of donald trump supporters when they were not actually donald trump supporters and there were not enough donald trump supporters to fill that filled room. angelo carusone in his investigation yesterday says he heard ultimately from sources who told him that a company called "extra mile new york city" connected trump's campaign/event organizers with the paid actors. extra mile is kind of a play on words here. it's a good company name.

they'll go the extra mile for you. they'll try really hard. but it also means specifically extras. what you hire extra mile for extras, people who you want to be just warm bodies in the background of a scene somewhere. especially when you need a lot of warm bodies when you want to hire a lot of people in bulk to show up at an appointed time and dress in an appointed way, this is the company you call. extra mile new york city would not speak to us about whether or not they as an agency hired extras, hired actors to pretend to be donald trump supporters. but angelo carusone made this incredibly inflammatory claim today. we spent all afternoon today chasing down everybody we could, everybody who we found pictures of at the scene who seems to have been an extra for hire, everybody who is known to be an actor who appeared to be a trump supporter at that event. we spent time badgering that agency today trying to get them

to tell us whether or not the trump campaign the trump event organizers might be one of their clients. we got nowhere with that. but then, bingo. 6:00 tonight, the story breaks and naturally it breaks in the hollywood reporter, who else is going to have better connections than the acting community, right? the story breaks in the hollywood reporter that, in fact, "the donald trump campaign offered actors $50 to cheer for him at presidential announcement." it's an amazing piece. his presidential announcement tuesday was made bigger with the help from paid actors at $50 a pop. there was a list of background actors seeking extras to beef up attendance at trump's event. according to the extra mile they were reaching out to extras with gotham relations and communications, a consulting group that has worked with

donald trump in the past. they're not commenting on this matter. but when you are a casting company who hires lots and lots of extras for events, right, and movies and stuff, i mean what do you when someone hires you is a firm is you send out a notification to potential extras. you send out a notification to actors that there is work available if people want that work. so there is a trail. somebody who got that e-mail, that basically -- that offer of work from the extras casting company has now provided the e-mail to the hollywood reporter. so now we know how donald trump filled the room when he announced he was running for president. this is the e-mail. hi there. there is some misspelling there and bad grammar. this is the gist of it. we're working with our associates out at gotham government relations. we're working with them with a big event happening tuesday, june 16th. this is an event in support of donald trump in an upcoming exciting announcement he'll be making. this event will be televised. we're looking to cast people for the event to wear t-shirts and carry signs and help cheer hip

in support of his announcement. this is the good part. we understand that this is not a traditional background job, meaning a traditional acting job for extras, but we believe acting comes in all forms and this is inclusive of that school of thought. this event is happening live and will be from 8:45 a.m. to 11:30 a.m. that's less than three hours. the rate for this event is $50 cash. at the end of the event. you the have to stay till the end. we would love to book you if you are still available. we will get back to you with confirmation. you know what? it is possible that this is a big conspiracy. that this is a hoax, right? that all of the people at the donald trump event are legitimately donald trump supporters and he just happens to have a lot of actors among his base. right? maybe somebody cooked up that e-mail and shopped it to the hollywood reporter when really that room filled up on its own with a lot of actors and some other people. and, you know, maybe whoever cnn saw on the sidewalk trying to bolster the paid extras with free pedestrians who maybe wanted a little air conditioning

for a half hour, maybe that was a coincidence, too, when cnn reported that. but if this is what this looks like, it's interesting. i mean, donald trump's campaign is denying this nine ways to sunday. his campaign manager told the the hollywood reporter, he draws record crowd at almost every event he is a featured speaker. the crowds are large, often record setting and enthusiastic. often with standing ovations. the campaign manager apple does not fall far from the candidate tree, right? but despite those claims, an inability to fill the room is a problem he had in the past. a couple years ago new york magazine published the very embarrassing photos of what the room looked like when he gave a speech at cpac. that was 2013. people didn't show up top see him talk. now in 2015, rather than face an empty room again for his presidential announcement, this time if the hollywood reporter is right, mr. trump solved that

problem the old fashioned way, open checkbook, swivel the wrist. and this is kind of amazing in its own terms. if you're an anti-donald trump activists, right, like angelo carusone and the first guy that figured this out and donald trump did have to pay actors to fill his presidential announce. hment with fake reporters, it has to be kind of the apex of your doesn't trump experience, right? it is substantively important terms of the republican party and it means that he is running for prison and doesn't seem to be faking it like he has in years past. whether or not this is a celebrity pr campaign or an actual political campaign, he is running. he's a declared candidate now for the republican nomination for president. pollsters are polling on him. he is likely to take a spot in the republican party, official televised debates which under the current rules will deprive another candidate in terms of that candidate having a spot on the stage. i mean, so even if he is kind of

faking it, right, even if he is paying people to pretend they are his political supporters, he's going to be there in the debates. he's taking up almost all of the oxygen in the room in terms of the attention to the republican candidates. i mean, there's jeb bush making the presidential announcement on monday. this choreographed thing to highlight minorities in particular, right? jeb bush, not just using a big section of spanish language in his speech but the whole event then going out of their way to pick diverse introductory speakers, carefully picking really kind words and positive imagery about immigrants, generally and about latinos, generally and about latino immigrants in particular. and that happens very carefully from the jeb bush campaign on monday basically trying to rebrand the republican party as friendly to latino immigrants. that's monday. but then on tuesday, there's donald trump with the actors and all the media attention in the world saying that mexican immigrants, well some of them are nice but most of them are rapists. >> when mexico sends its people,

they're not sending their best. they're not sending you. they're not sending you. they're sending people that have lots of problems and they're bringing those problems with us. they're bringing drugs. they're bringing crime. they're rapists and some, i assume, are good people. >> some are good people. but basically, anybody immigrating from mexico is a rapist. after donald trump said that in his announcement, theoretically, jeb bush could have rebutted that assertion. he could have criticized donald trump for having said that. he could have said publicly that he was wrong about that and republicans shouldn't talk like that about immigrants and latinos and mexicans even. right? but jeb bush did not do anything of the kind. nor did the republican national committee when the spokesperson was asked about the comments. none of the other republican candidates criticized him for saying that in any way. and that's for a reason. that's because even though

donald trump is kind of a fake political figure, he is kind of just a celebrity running a fake political campaign as a big pr exercise. the republican party at the highest levels has really plated their trough with donald trump. they have been playing along with this ruse for a long time. they have kind of created this monster. they've been really happy to ignore the fact that donald trump's public political persona is mostly just a celebrity paid for pr exercise. and instead, they tried to go along it with. they tried to capitalize on his celebrity. they tried to create a sense that donald trump is not just a celebrity figure but a political figure to be taken seriously. in 2012 after donald trump decided after himming and hawing himself he would not run for president, mitt romney and his wife made a big public show of going to kiss donald trump's ring and get his endorsement and they signed him

up to do ads for mitt romney for president. >> it's my honor, real honor, and privilege to endorse mitt romney. [ applause ] and by the way this is a great couple. you look at this couple. [ applause ] but mitt is tough. he's smart. he's sharp. he's not going to allow bad things to continue to happen to this country that we all love. so governor romney, go out and get them. you can do it. [ applause ] >> there are some things that you just can't imagine happening in your life. this one is of them. being in donald trump's hotel and having his endorsement is a delight. i'm so honored and pleased to have his endorsement. >> it was a delight. mitt romney in 2012, super honored to have his endorsement.

and these days here's how donald trump talked about mitt romney. >> you know, frankly, he just choked. he choked like a dog. and, frankly, we cannot allow that to happen again. i agree with him. i agree with him 100%. romney did not -- i supported mitt romney and he didn't bring out the people. he choked in the end. >> mitt ran and failed. you can't have romney, he choked. >> it's not like getting that man's endorsement is a real prize, especially if he's willing to turn on you like that after he endorsed you. but they all line up for it. it's an interesting phenomenon in mainstream republican politics. they all line up for donald trump during the 2012 primaries when newt gingrich was the front-runner to win the republican nomination that naent newt gingrich too had to come to new york and kiss donald trump's ring. >> the new republican front-runner newt gingrich in new york city today. >> i've come to new york for two different reasons today. one is to make the case that if i do become the nominee, we're

going to compete in all 50 states. >> the second reason, to pay a visit to businessman donald trump. >> donald trump is a great showman. he is also a great businessman. >> the republican party at the highest levels has built donald trump up. built him up and built him up as if he is a real political figure who ought to be taken seriously. i mean all the candidates paying these pious visits to him in new york city in 2012 the endorsement for mitt romney the republicans at one point were going to have donald trump moderate a republican presidential debate. >> a month away from the iowa caucuses, the republican race is far from settled. and trump's plan to moderate a republican debate is making some mainstream republicans uncomfortable. >> i think the republican national chairman ought to step in and say we strongly discourage every candidate from in a debate moderated by someone who is going to run for president. >> karl rove's shot got a rise out of trump. >> karl rove gave us george bush and george bush crashed and

burned and because of that, we have obama. >> even though this is the way he talks about republicans at the highest level, republicans keep going back, keep building him up and building him up. i mean he did the robo calls for mitt romney in 2012 after that in 2014 trump said more republicans asked him to do robocalls for them, too. he did a call for scott brown when scott brown was running for senate in 2014. he did robocalls for mitch mcconnell when running for election in kentucky. that was last year. at one point, donald trump said on twitter, he was proud to support mitch mcconnell because he wanted him to be the next speaker. which is funny because mitch mcconnell is in the senate. there's no speaker in the senate. but who cares? he is a real estate developer and reality tv show celebrity. he's not really a politician or somebody really running for political office. one of the ways you can tell is the way he talks about the country he supposed by wants to

lead. >> the country is in serious, serious trouble. it's a mess. >> our country is a total mess. a total and complete mess. >> this country is a hell hole. we're going down fast. >> we're not a brilliant country anymore. we're a foolish country. we're a dumb country. sadly, the american dream is dead. >> people who talk like that aren't necessarily really running to try to lead the united states of america, right? this is something else. this is pr. it is paid celebrity pr. i've been asking on the air for days, is this politics? is this political or it is basically an effort to turn the political press into celebrity paparazzi? now we know. now we know. but he is technically in the race and the republican party is going to have to pay a real price for that in terms of who gets in the debates and what gets talked about and who else

gets heard and what the image of the republican party is but the republican party is not the victim here. they created this mess. they created this monster. if you have to hire paid actors to impersonate people who support you, people don't actually natively politically support you. you are not a political animal that exists in nature. but the republican party created donald trump. they made him into a purported political figure. and now they have to live with those consequences. that must be a strange realization. not just for the republican party that built up donald trump all these years and who is now taking over the republican presidential primary process. it's got to be a really strange realization for somebody who has been standing on the sidelines of this process for years, basically telling people to stop legitimizing donald trump. i mean for an activist like angelo carusone, today has to be a very, very strange day. a vindicating day. and he joins us in a moment. it has moisture rich soy and gentle exfoliators for brighter more radiant skin. aveeno®

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coming up next, we have the guy that blew the whistle. it is whistle blowing? yes.

blew the whistle on donald trump paying actors $50 cash to pretend to be his supporters at his presidential campaign launch. that's next. we got lots more ahead.

wow. whoa! that is some group of people. thousands. so nice. thank you very much. that's really nice. thank you. >> thousands. donald trump made a big deal yesterday about how big the crowd was yesterday for his campaign announcement. nobody else had that kind of crowd. but what if some of the people who were in that room were actors paid by his campaign to show up and pretend they supported mr. trump. they have denied this allegation but it turned out tonight in the hollywood reporter including a copy of the e-mail reportedly sent to new york area actors offering them $50 cash for less than three hours work if they would show up and pretend to be supporters of donald trump for president.

joining us now is angelo carusone. he is the activist who the first alleged that dump trump hired actors for his campaign. he is an executive vice president at media matters. mr. carusone, thank you for being us with. >> thank you for having me. >> so you wrote this up at medium.com. i'm following your logic. basically, why did you feel like something was off, that something didn't seem right and deserved more investigation? >> well, one, i mean i know that donald trump is pretty disreputable and two, that he thinks money can solve any problems, including not having a political base. and then, of course, there was my own personal experience. i have campaigned in the past. i've done events. i did an event one time at macy's where from my perspective, there was a large number of suspicious new yorkers that were casually going by the event saying how they had to go inside to purchase donald trump ties. and from my perspective, i said,

wow, they must either be actors or paid staff. but i sort of shrugged it off. but i'm aware of donald trump's chy canary. when i saw that, one, he wasn't highlighting the supporters in the stagecraft. there was no photographs online, the video didn't pan out at any point. that was telling. it was a little bit of something i found curious. then when i started to search around online, whether you go to events, you post pictures of yourself at the events. because you care. you're happy to be there. i didn't see any tweets from people posting -- like selfies or pictures of themselves or pictures of donald trump walking by them. i couldn't find any of that stuff. and so it said it's time to dig. >> you say that you stumbled across one photo posted on instagram. so you did find one image that you felt was key to unraveling this plot. >> yeah. so this guy, he uses social media to post pictures of himself at gigs which makes perfect sense. and recognized him as an actor. i started doing digging.

i discovered that other person featured was an actress as well. that seemed coincidental. but again, maybe actors like donald trump. i still wasn't going out on twitter and saying, yes, i have this smoking gun. i have some sources. i started to ask around if i could get help to corroborate my suspicion and i did. i had sensitivities. i didn't want anyone to get in trouble. i'm glad you said that at the opening of the show. the actors didn't do anything wrong. i very firmly believe. that i knew this wouldn't get throughout unless i did something. and so basically i wrote it up knowing that there are other outlets out there like "the hollywood reporter" and msnbc and others that would have some clout to get a response from the -- you know, to get some material to prove it. i did have some sources able to confirm that there were paid actors there. i felt comfortable going forward with the post. >> we tried to follow your trail and some of our own in terms of trying to talk directly with the actors. the gold standard for us in understanding this story was for somebody to say, yes, i was paid $50 to be there. no, i'm not an actual supporter

of donald trump but i took this as an acting gig. we have nobody telling us. that the closest concrete information we've got here is this e-mail blast reportedly posted -- -- a reported e-mail blast posted to night about it hollywood reporter. is what the hollywood reporter posted tonight consistent with what your sources told you about how this was put together? >> absolutely. and "the daily mail" also was able to identify some additional source that's they say confirmed that at least one actor was paid to participate in the event. the fact that there are multiple reports with multiple sources and i checked with mine to make sure they weren't the same as "the daily mail's" and they weren't. there is enough information out there. so, again, it just -- i feel comfortable with the claim at this point. >> angelo carusone, media matters, thanks for helping us understand this tonight. we really appreciate you being here. >> thanks. >> thanks so much. actors, really?

i've been saying like is this pr? is this a celebrity thing? is this politics? paid actors? if this was a movie instead of my life, this would be the part that would get x out for being too mellow dramatic and obvious. we'll be right back. ♪ (explosion) ♪ hah! (explosion) ♪ lead your heroes in the hit mobile game download heroes charge now!

we showed these kids some items from a nearby store, whoa! but they didn't know they were all tobacco products. ooh this is cool. it smells like gum. yummy. this smells like strawberry. ooh, are these mints? with colorful packaging and fruit

and candy flavors that kids love, who do you think tobacco companies are targeting? do we get to keep any? i'm dara brown with breaking news. a deadly church shooting in charleston south carolina last

night at about the 9:00 p.m. local time. nine confirmed fatalities. the gunman is still at large. benji sarlin is live in charleston. can you bring us up to date? >> i'm about a block away now from the church where this deadly horrible massacre occurred. police say nine were killed. eight discovered in the church one who died on the way to the hospital. the focus of everyone's effort right now the is fighting the gunman who is still at large. police have been searching throughout the night and utilized helicopters, utilized dogs. they have asked people they've said the mayor of the city has said there's a reward for anyone who gives any information leading to the capture of the gunman. the amount has not been announced. we'll have more news at 7:00 a.m. when the mayor and police officials give another update what they've learned. this could potentially include releasing the names of those who were killed. the corner's office has not released any information who was

killed. one of them is a very prominent member of the charleston community. it is state senator clementa pinckney, also a pastor at the church. a terrible body blow to a community who suffered plenty. everyone is hoping they can capture the gunman soon. >> right now back to our program. this is a politics programming note for you. we've got a scoop that we're working on for tomorrow night. you might have seen that we've been reporting for the last week on how the republican presidential primary process in a quiet way is falling apart. largely because new hampshire republicans are revolting. new hampshire republicans are revolting against fox news and the republican party and how fox and the rnc are planning to do the debate process for the republican presidential prime -- primary. now, as of today it turns out that the republicans in iowa and republicans in south carolina

have decided to join forces with the new hampshire republicans in pressuring fox news and the rnc and saying, no, to the way they are planning to run the debates. so this is a heads up, essentially, that the primary process is blowing up in all three early states in a big way now. we're reporting that out right now for tomorrow's show. we're doing our best to get republican guests. i know, here. that's our programming note for tomorrow. we'll be right back. mine stopped hurting faster! neosporin plus pain relief starts relieving pain faster and kills more types of infectious bacteria. neosporin plus pain relief kills the germs. fights the pain. available at walmart.

in my left hand, i have a feather. in my right hand a hammer.

one of the reasons we got here today was because of a gentleman named galileo a long time ago who made a rather significant discovery about falling objects and gravity. and we thought that where would be a better place to confirm his findings than on the moon? and so we thought we would try it here for you. and the feather happens to be appropriately a falcon feather. for our falcon. and i'll drop the two of them here and hopefully they'll hit the ground at the same time. how about that? mr. galileo was correct in his findings. >> that video was taken on the moon in 1971. nasa astronaut david scott testing galileo's theory that gravity accelerates all objects at the same rate. it worked. the hammer and the feather. the theory of the gravity paved

the way for sir isaac newton to develop an equation to determine how two objects interact gravitationally if you know the weight two of objects, say, the earth and that apple falling from the tree and you know the distance between those two objects then you should also know what the force of gravity is between those two things. apple meet head. one way nasa has been figuring out ways to measure gravity and its effects on earth is through a program that's called gravity recovery and climate experiment which becomes grace when you shorten it up. grace is two satellites, each about the size of a small car orbiting the earth 150 miles apart from each other. the satellites circle around the earth and they're designed basically to notice little dips and bumps in earth's gravity. basically, dense things, heavy things, things with a lot of mass, exert more of a gravitational pull. so from space, using gravity, you can find dense and heavy things on earth. you know what is dense and heavy on earth?

water. turns out if you want to find where the water is on earth, gravity can help. specifically, if you want to find out where water is below the earth's surface, satellites can use the force of gravity to figure that out from space which is so cool. i mean if you don't know what you want to be yet when you grow up, be a scientist. this stuff is so cool. so grace has been up there looking at the earth, looking at water on the earth using the earth's gravitational field to figure out where it is. and the grace scientists have just published two papers about something amazing they found and about what needs to be measured next. so you know that california is in a horrendous drought, right? when california isn't in drought, when the state needs water or drinking water, water for crops, water for everything, it usually in normal time california takes about 60% of that water from rivers and reservoirs above ground.

but we're in a drought. and california rivers and reservoirs are dry now because of the drought. so the state needs to get the water from somewhere else. yes, they're trying to cut back dramatically in terms of consumption, but california is also using water from a different source. they are drilling for it. they're pulling more and more water out of wells. out of the groundwater rather than the rivers and the reservoirs that have nothing left to give, they're pulling the water out of the ground that hold fresh water deep below ground. usually only about 40% of california water comes out of the ground comes from drilling it out of the groundwater aquifers. but now that they're in drought, that's where california is actually getting most of the water now. they're pumping it out of the groundwater. they're pumping the groundwater out of the ground and using it. the ground water aquifer in the central valley in california is one of the biggest aquifers on earth. and grace, those two satellites, they've been looking at it. grace for the last ten years has been monitoring the 37 largest

aquifers in the world all over the world, including that big one in california. and they have found two things. the first one you are already guessing. the first one is that we're using up all the groundwater. all over the world, aquifers are really stressed. the worst one is apparently the arabian aquifer which covers an area where 60 million people live in the middle east. can't imagine what might go wrong there if everyone's wells start to run dry and there's no more fresh water. there is also a big one in india and pakistan that is in very severe trouble. that, of course, is the most densely populated regions on earth. and, yes, in the united states, our aquifer that is worst off in terms of being overtapped and not filling back up with water is that one in the central valley where california's tapping it so hard right now while they're in drought. so that's one thing they have found. ground water is in trouble. here's the other thing that scientists found though which is slightly less mind boggling, i think, because it is way more solvable. it's about measuring. this neat trick they do with the

satellites and using gravity to find big deposits of groundwater, it's neat, right? it helps you locate and get basic information about fresh water that is underground. the underground fresh water that you know makes human civilization possible. it's neat. but apparently it can't give you super precise information about exactly how much water is still in those aquifers. that is really important to figure out, particularly if we are in danger of running those things dry. and, particularly, if essentially when and where those things run dry human beings aren't going to be able to live there anymore. i mean we need to know, right? if you have a ton of money in the bank, you maybe don't need to check the balance if you want to withdraw $20. if you have next to no money, you need to know what your balance is before you go to the atm. so we need to know what is left in terms of our groundwater. apparently what we need to do is drill them to figure that out. drill the groundwater aquifers,

not to take the water out of them but just literally to count how many gallons are still down there because we need to plan now for how much is left. the grace scientists writing in water resources research say this, "the depth and thickness of many large aquifers make it tough and costly to drill and understand where the moisture bottoms out. but it has to be done. the principle investigator of the study, the senior water scientists at nasa's jet propulsion lab, he makes it clear. he says this, quote: we need to explore the world's aquifers as if they had the same value as oil reserves. we need to drill for water the same way that we drill for other resources. what if we did that? what if we drilled, baby, drilled, not to extract the stuff from the earth but to figure out what was there so we would at least know ahead of time where humans are and are not going to be able to live from here on out and by when they're going to have to be gone.

joins us now is a senior scientist with nasa professor of earth system science and the principal investigator on the two new studies. thank you for being here. appreciate your time. >> thank you very much for having me, rachel. you totally nailed that introduction. that was a great synopsis of the papers and really a lot of the work that we have been working really hard on, really over the last couple decades. >> thank you for saying so. i just want to give you a full chance though if i got any of that wrong, you can correct me. it's okay. >>, no you pretty much nailed it and you actually threw in a little recruiting for future environmental scientists which i appreciate very much. >> here's the part that i don't understand. which you could probably tell from the introduction i don't understand. which is why is it that you can see aquifers from space and you can tell when and where they're in danger, but you still say we actually to physically drill

them here down on earth in order to figure out how much water they've got left. can't you see that from space, too? >> you really can't. what we're really seeing is really the monthly changes in the water storage. and so we're able to see how rapidly these aquifers are gaining or losing water. most of them are losing water. that's what we found in the study. but it's very difficult to assess how much water is there from space. we just have no real way to do it. and i think that as you said, the only real feasible way to do that is by exploration as if they were oil reservoirs. >> is it the same kind of technology that they would use to test an oil reservoir's size and characteristics that you would use for this? >> absolutely. absolutely. and if water had the same value as oil, this exploration would have already been done. >> if that value were privatized by corporations that could game governments to clear the way so that they could privatize the resource, right? that's the problem.

>> well, it's, you know, that's a path that we probably don't want to go down with water. but we should in my opinion really be thinking about charging. you know, it's undervalued. we don't give it the respect that it deserves. we haven't done the exploration. we waste a lot of it. >> in terms of the two different things that you have identified, obviously one that we ought to quantify what we've got left because it's important and it's fine night in terms of human existence. but then the other finding that there are a lot of places where the aquifers are taxed and human persistence is getting towards its limits. is that a problem that is fixable? are we beyond any sort of human intervention in terms of stopping making that problem worse? >> we can slow it down. i think that we are well past the point with humanity where we're relying on what is renewable with respect to water every year. we use more than we have available to us on a renewable basis. so the challenge now is to

figure out at what rate we want to be using what remains in these aquifers. i think for the big aquifers, we're not refilling them. and so now it becomes an issue of managing how much we use in the future and also understanding how much is there. like you said, it's the bank account. it is quite foolish to draw checks and make withdraws from a bank account without knowing how much it is there. >> jay famiglietti, senior water scientist at nasa, thank you for helping us understand it. it's very clear. thank you. >> thank you very much. >> appreciate it. >> all right. there is a slew of giant news stories coming right at us including as promised a story from my mom. please stay with us.

a peek into the newsroom here. there's a story that we're watching tonight out of washington that had an embargo on it.

it is a really important totally history making announcement that is going to be important basically to everybody in the country. and everybody was saying we were not going to find out the details of the story until midnight tonight. total embargo on the story. apparently that embargo just broke just now and now we are getting that story in. stand by. just a second.

>> so we have breaking news tonight about your wallet. this is the story that had the freaking midnight embargo on it. the embargo just broke and so now we know, okay. here's the story. more frequently than you might imagine, the u.s. treasury redesigns our money. it's part of how they protect against counterfeiters by giving the bills a fresh new look once in awhile. tonight the treasury secretary announced when the $10 bill comes in for the next revision, check this out, it will emerge from that process not looking like this, with hamilton's picture on it but instead with the picture of a woman on it. for the first time in modern history, a woman will appear on paper money in this country.

they're planning to release the new $10 bill in 2020 in time for the the 100th anniversary of women getting the right to vote. which woman will it be? they are not saying. apparently they haven't decided yet. they have decided on the gender but not the person. treasury is saying they want to hear from the public about which woman should appear on the new ten spot. one important consideration, she should be a dead woman. we don't know who they will put on it but the next $10 bill will be a woman for sure. they just broke the embargo on the story. we will post a link to their suggestion site on our blog. whew!

heroes charge! ♪ ♪ (lightning strike) ♪ (kiss) ♪ lead your heroes in the hit mobile game download heroes charge now! whew! this has been an amazing week in the news. hillary clinton announcing her campaign on saturday. jeb bush announcing his campaign, but without his last name on monday. the jeb launch squashed in the news by the donald trump announcement which we know is staffed with actors paid $50 cash to act like donald trump supporters at that event.

the number two guy in al qaeda central got killed this week. the manhunt for the escaped prisoners in new york is live which is incredible. bernie sanders is surging in new hampshire, oprah is courted as a vice presidential nominee running mate. it has been a very exciting news week already and it is only wednesday. tomorrow will potentially make us forget that anything else happened this week at all. tomorrow's going to be nuts. because all in one day tomorrow, first of all we will have supreme court rulings. we don't know which ones but at 10:00 a.m. we will find out. fate of lethal injection, obamacare, same-sex marriage nationwide. we're still waiting on rulings of all of those and a whole bunk other cases. it's possible the court will put off the big ones until later and tomorrow won't be any of the big cases but it is already june 17th. it is getting ridiculous. that's one thing. tomorrow 10:00 a.m., potentially huge supreme court news. in the other branch of government that is usually boring but occasionally fantastically interesting huge news tomorrow from congress. this trade thing that president

obama has been trying to get passed, the thing that republicans support but most democrats don't, looks like the trade bill may be back up tomorrow. you saw the headlines about the democrats turning on the president on the issue and the president's sway with his own party. but republicans have been a mess on this one, too. yesterday boehner fired three of the house republicans on his team, people in charge of counting votes for him. people that couldn't count the votes on the issue they themselves voted the opposite way they were supposed to be whipping. the trade bill is a big deal in terms of policy. it would affect 40% of the world's economy. but the politic s around it are like a hurricane without an eye. nobody knows what's going to happen. that might be tomorrow, too, which will be a huge deal in washington. and, and, and -- if the supreme court isn't big enough for you and congress and the huge bill aren't big enough for you, we

are also bracing ourselves tomorrow for relatively huge news from god. from the guy whose job description involves a direct line, though. tomorrow pope francis will reveal his encyclical on the climate. parts of it have leaked already. it looks like it will be aggressive which will be progressive. whether you like him or don't, catholic or not, worried about climate change or not what the pope will do with the highest level instruction that the church ever gives to the 1.2 billion catholics around the world, this thing he's going to do tomorrow has potential to change politics around climate in profound and global and long-standing and possibly unpredictable ways. we're not going to know what's in it until we see it, but we'll see it tomorrow, along with everything else that is going to happen tomorrow. honestly, tomorrow is gonna be too much. my recommendation, in terms of dealing with tomorrow is you should not even go to bed tonight. just stay up and wait for

tomorrow's glorious dawn of news to shine on your face because you think this news week has been nuts, tomorrow's done. face. you think this week has been nuts tomorrow is done. "first look" is up next. good morning everyone. i'm angie goff. a mass shooting in charleston south carolina. this happened at 9:00 p.m. last night. the shooter on the loose. nine are declared dead at the scene. now among the dead nbc news confirms long time state senator who was one of the people in attendance at the church in a bible study. this is one of the oldest and most prom nint black churches in the united states. the fbi and