yes, they should be free. they would be free. and we thought this decision was so important that for the first time in half a century, we amended the constitution. from then on it would be the supreme law of the land. and so today we celebrate this 43-word amendment. this new birth of freedom. it is all together fitting improper that we should do this. and we should remember all that it took, the historic battles, the great generals, yes, but also the men in the ranks. the names we have forgotten. especially the men who had once been enslaved. men like william h.carney and andrew jackson smith. these men, these men were segregated, they were mistreated, and yet they still

fought. they fought for a country that had denied them their freedom. they fought for all of us. and so when we read those 43 short and simple words, we should remember these men and what they did. we should realize those words like their acts were gallant, were noble, profound. we have witnessed true greatness in this country. and when we ratified the 13th amendment, we committed to ourselves to build a country just as great. that's what those 43 words mean. this is what they represent. and that is, more than worthy of celebration. [ applause ]

>> ladies and gentlemen, the president of the united states of america. [ applause ] >> thank you. thank you so much. please have a seat. thank you. in giving freedom to the slave, we assure freedom to the free. that's what president lincoln once wrote. honorable alike in what we give and what we preserve. we shall nobly save or meanly

lose the last best hope of earth. mr. speaker, leaders and members of both parties, distinguished guests, we gather here to commemorate a century and a half of freedom. not simply for former slaves but for all of us. today the issue of chatle slavery seems so simple, so obvious. it is wrong in every sense. stealing men, women and children from their homelands, tearing husbands from wife, parent from child, stripped and sold to the

highest bidder, shackled in chains and bloodied with the whip. it's anetheical not only to our dignity but to the conception of ourselves. a people founded on the premise that all are created equal. and to many of the time that judgment was clear as well. preachers, black and white, railed against this moral outrage from the pulpit. former slaves rattled the conscious of americans in books and pamphlets and speeches. men and women organized anti-slavery conventions and fund-raising drives. farmers and shopkeepers opened their barns, their homes, their

cellulars as weigh stations as underground railroad where african-americans often risked their own freedom to ensure the freedom of others. enslaved americans with no rights of their own, they ran north and kept the flame of freedom burning, passing it from one generation to the next with their faith. and their dignity. and their song. the reformers passion only drove the protectors of the status quo to dig in harder. and for decades america wrestled with the issue of slavery in a way that we have with no other, before or since. it shaped our politics and it nearly tore us. tensions rose so high that at one point a lawmaker was beaten unconscious on the senate floor.

eventually war broke out. brother against brother, north against south. and it's hard, the question of slavery was never simply about civil rights. it was about the meaning of america, the kind of country we wanted to be, whether this nation might fulfill the call of its birth. we hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal. that they are endowed by their creator with certain inailable rights, that among those are life, liberty and the pursuit of

happiness. president lincoln understood that if we were ever to fully realize that founding promise, it meant not just signing an emancipation proclamation, not just winning a war, it meant making the most powerful collective statement we can in our democracy, etching our values into our constitution. he called it a king's cure for all the evils. 150 years proved the cure to be necessary but not sufficient. progress proved halting too often deferred. newly-freed slaves may have been liberated by the letter of the law, but their daily lives told another tale. they couldn't vote, they couldn't fill most occupations, they couldn't protect themselves or their families from indignity

or from violence. and so abolitionists and freed men and women and radical republicans kept con joeling and rebel rousing, and within a few years of the war's end, we passed two more amendments guaranteeing vote rights, birthright citizenship, equal protection under the law and still it wasn't enough. for another century we saw segregation and jim crow make a mockery of these amendments. and we saw justice turn a blind eye to mobs with nooses slung over trees. we saw bullets and bombs terrorize generations. and yet through all this the call to freedom survived.

we hold these truths to be self-evident. eventually a new generation rose up. to march and organize and to stand up and to sit-in. but the moral force of non-violence and the sweet sound of those same freedom songs that slaves had sung so long ago, crying out, not for special treatment but for equal rights. calling out for basic justice, promise to them almost a century before. like their abolitionist predecessors, they were plain, humble, ordinary people, armed with little but faith. faith in the almighty, faith in

each other, and faith in amer a america. ho hope. in the face of so often the controversy of something else lay around the bend. because of them maids and porters and students and farmers and priests and housewives, because of them, a civil rights law was passed and the voting rights law was signed. and doors of opportunity swung open, not just for the black porter but also for the white chamber made and the immigrant dishwasher, so that their daughters and their sons might finally imagine a life for

themselves beyond washing somebody else's laundry or shining somebody else's shoes. freedom for you and for me. freedom for all of us. and that's what we celebrate today. the long arc of progress. progress that is never assured, never guaranteed, but always possible, always there to be earned, no matter how stuck we might seem sometimes, no matter how divided or despairing we may appear, no matter what ugliness may bubble up, progress so long as we're willing to push for it. so long as we're willing to reach for each other.

we would do a disservice to those warriors of justice, tubman and douglas and lincoln and king. were we to deny that the scars of our nation's original sin are still with us today. [ applause ] we condemn ourselves to shackles once more. if we fail to answer those who wonder if they're truly equals in their communities or in their justice systems or in a job intervi interview, we betray the efforts of the past if we fail to push

back against bigotry in all its forms. [ applause ] but we betray our most noble past as well if we were to deny the possibility of movement, the possibility of progress. if we were to let cynicism consume us and fear overwhelm us. if we lost hope. however slow or incomplete, how harshly, loudly, rude ly challenged at each point along our journey, in america we can create the change that we seek.

[ applause ] all it requires is that our generation be willing to do what those who came before us have done, to rise above the cynicism and rise above the fear, to hold fast to our values, to see ourselves in each other, to cherish dignity and opportunity, not just for our own children but for somebody else's child. [ applause ] to remember that our freedom is regardless of somebody else's. regardless of what they look like or where they come from or

what faith they practice. [ applause ] to be honorable -- [ applause ] to be honorable alike in what we give and what we preserve. to nobly save or meanly lose the last best hope of earth. to nobly save or meanly lose the last best hope of earth. that is our choice. today we affirm hope.

thank you. god bless you. may god bless the united states of america. [ applause ] >> president obama with a clear reference to the current debate over donald trump when talking about discrimination against people no matter what their name or their faith. drawing cheers, we don't know if that was bipartisan cheers at the commemoration of the 150th anniversary of the 13th amendment on capitol hill. meanwhile, earlier today also in the capitol fbi director james comey testifying, revealing that contrary to earlier speculation, syed farook's wife did not radicalize him. >> san bernardino's attack showed they were radicalized before they started courting or dating each other online, as early as the end of 2013, they were tking to each other about

jihad and martyrdom before they became engaged. >> nbc's justice correspondent pete williams joins me now. you have been covering this hearing, pete, we learned a lot more about these two today from the fbi director. >> certainly some more, andrea, and what the fbi director made more clear and what seemed implicit as soon as he said that was that at least initially isis propaganda did not play a role in their radicalization. now, what the fbi doesn't know is whether somewhere on this path from initial radicalization to deciding to carry out this attack in san bernardino, isis comes into the picture in terms of encouraging them to carry on this attack. we know that just around the time of the attack, tashfeen malik posted to facebook to the leader of i sirsiisis. and farook's father said he

supported the caliphate. so these days it is very hard to tell where one terror group ends and another one leaves -- begins and what their role is in this. and there's also some indication that the fbi in all of the 400-plus interviews its been doing about this couple, some indication, at least from one person they have talked to, that syed farook may have discussed a possible attack as early as 2012, three years ago. may have talked about a specific site and then decided against it. so the radicalization is certainly well predates isis. one other question that came up at this hearing is, well, if it's now known that she was radicalized and they were discussing online jihad, how come this didn't come up in the vetting of her visa?

comey said he can't answer that question right now. we don't know yet, we have not been told in what form they were talking. was it in some sort of closed channel? and what he said is, the fbi doesn't monitor everybody, it can't know all the communication that is are going on. but it's one thing that senator chuck schumer pressed him on quite a bit, why wasn't this known to the people who are vetting her for the visa? >> really key questions. thank you very much, pete williams. and the unintended irony of today's commemoration of the 13th amendment freeing the slaves couldn't be more clear as the political world is gavelized by donald trump's proposal to ban muslims from entering the country based on their faith. joining me is the founder of the washington post's fix blog and white house reporter carol lee. carol, you were watching the president's speech, it was threaded with illusions to the current political debate, subtle but quite present.

>> reporter: yeah, there's no mistaking that the president was directing some of his remarks to the current debate in the country about muslims, you know, the white house yesterday obviously said that donald trump's comments disqualify him from being president. and the president today, while not mentioning any particular individual, said a number of things that, you know, that the americans need to stand up for bigotry in all forms. regardless of what your name is or your religion is, people need to hold on to american values. and all those things are things we have heard him say in redece days and no doubt it was directed to today's debate. >> and in the interview with donald trump, he's not backing down at all. in fact, let's play a little bit of that and talk about it. >> do you regret your ban on muslims, which some people think is un-american?

>> not at all. we have to do the right thing. somebody in this country has to say what's right. >> are you a bigot? >> not at all. probably the least of anybody you've ever met. >> because? >> because i'm not. i'm a person that has common sense. >> and, in fact, chris silica, there's a bloomberg instant poll overnight showing that donald trump's proposal is popular with republicans. look at that, by 65% to 22%. republicans favor what he's suggested. overall, people oppose it, 49% to 37%. democrats oppose it 75% to 16%. very obviously instant poll overnight on the political divide here. >> well, and this is the trump conundrum for republicans, which is many of the things he says, the reason he says many of the things he says is because he knows they're going to be popular with a certain segment of people who tend to carry significant weight in choosing

the republican nominee. the problem is, and you have seen this reflected not just in this poll but in data upon data upon data, is that donald trump's views, not just on this muslim immigration proposal, but his views on other things, including broadly more immigration, are not near the center of the country. he would, i think, lose convincingly, if the race was held today, to somebody like hillary clinton. that's what polling suggests to us. what's difficult is jeb bush said you have to be willing to lose the primary to win the election. donald trump is the reverse of that. willing to win the primary to lose the general election. >> we should quickly point out all the polling is with a big caveat that we don't know whether they are polling people who don't vote, whether he's drawing people into the process that will actually not go to the caucuses. we have to leave it there, chris, carol, thank you so much today. and to philadelphia where mayor michael nutter not mincing words about the republican frontrunner.

>> if you had the power, would you ban donald trump from the city of philadelphia? >> i mean, if i had the power to ban some people, he would not -- he would be at the top of the list today. donald trump is literally trying to radicalize our fellow americans against our american-muslim and international muslim brothers and sisters. he's an [ bleep ]. i mean -- i apologize, reverend. >> mr. mayor, you don't mince words, as i said. you apologized to the faith that surrounded you. >> we don't mince words in philadelphia. >> i have some experience with mayors in philadelphia that don't mince their words on all sides of these political questions. but on a serious point, you're saying that what donald trump has done warrants a strong

reaction from political leaders because you see evidence of the effect on people, even in your own city. >> well, andrea, i mean, first and foremost, i have to again commend president obama with the significance of the 13th amendment, the ending of slavery. this unique time in america right now with so many different things going on. the president was just brilliant today. and i don't think he was particularly subtle in his message. his message was very clear and straight-forward. we must fight discrimination at all levels against anyone here in the united states and around the world, with age, race, gender, sexual orientation, faith, all of these issues are very, very relevant and active in our society right now. donald trump is trying to divide and conquer america in a shameless political manner and is not really adding to the commentary. all he cares about is hearing

the sound of his voice, which there is no better sound for him, the attention that he is getting, and it is undermining the fundamental tenants of the democracy here in the united states of america. he must be rejected at every possible turn. we cannot take this carnival barker, cartoon-reality tv person in any kind of serious way. and my concern is that some people are. and as you laid out in the earlier piece something about the polling and where people are and the like, we need more sane voices, even in the republican party to really, truly step up. stop worrying about the polls, follow your heart and instincts. abraham lincoln, ronald reagan and many, many others who are good people who happen to be of the republican party, must speak out and speak out and denounce this kind of insanity that's going on right now in their party. >> mr. mayor, let me ask you

whether your police have any more information about an incident at a mosque, i think it was in philadelphia, maybe it was outside of philadelphia. >> yes. >> the pig's head, an obscene gesture in this video. >> it was in philadelphia at the mosque. a cutoff head of a pig was thrown at their front door. police commissioner ramsey and the philadelphia police department are actively investigating this terrible incident, this desecration and insult. we have some outdoor video surv surveillan surveillance. we will catch the person or persons who would do such a disgusting thing. >> mr. mayor, thank you very much. thank you for not mincing your words with us. thank you. and up next, higher learning. the supreme court taking up affirmative action. what you need to know about today's big arguments.

you're watching "andrea mitchell reports" only on msnbc.

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ask your doctor about cialis and a $200 savings card the supreme court has taken up a case today that could effectively kill affirmative action in colleges and universities across the country. sharilyn just got out of the hearing and joins me now. tell me about the oral arguments. >> well, the oral argument was actually quite interesting. there was quite vigorous questioning from the court, but i found it fairly gratifying in that i heard the justices reaffirming the principle of the affirmative action case, grutter versus the college of michigan. this can be pursued through admissions purposes and race can be a factor they consider in admissions. all the questions were really about how the university of

texas does, what they do, and nothing that i heard today in the arguments made by the challengers to the university of texas, by abigail fisher, who is the petitioner in this case, a white student who claims she was denied admission because of affirmative action, nothing that i heard from her or from any of the justices who are skeptical or even hostile to affirmative action suggested that there's anything that texas has done that violates the constitution. in fact, what i heard is a reaffirmation. they are consistent about their commitment to ensuring that african-american students are not racially isolated. that latino students are admitted and today i find this quite gratifying. >> it is risky to predict anything as opinions are circulating, but it would certainly indicate if you didn't

hear a strongly divided court in terms of the questions that were asked. >> i heard a strongly divided court, but the problem is we have precedence. we have fisher one and didn't hear anything new today to sway the court from the principles that they have repeatedly upheld. you heard skepticism certainly to be sure. and even in some instances hostility to affirmative action. but the oweness was really on abigail fisher to bring forward something than in the past and had nothing. one of the things justice kennedy said that was so interesting, if there's more that you need to hear from the university, then we should maybe, perhaps, be remanding this case back to the trial court to allow the university of texas to come forward and provide the additional explanations and information that you want. so nothing that i heard today suggested that this should be a win for ms. fisher. i don't do predictions, so we never know what the court will

do, but i didn't hear anything today to justify that. >> and let me take you to chicago for a moment where today in an extraordinary aappearance before the city council, a special session, rahm emanuel basically apologized, you know, and claimed, promised a whole new day in terms of reigning in that controversial chicago police department. let me play it for you. >> one young man asked me a simple question that gets to the core of what we're talking about. he said, do you think the police would ever treat you the way they treat me? and the answer is no. and that is wrong. and that has to change. that has to come to an end and end now.

no citizen is a second-class citizen in the city of chicago. [ applause ] if my children are treated one way, every child is treated the same way. there is one standard for our young men. >> sherilynne, i don't know if you could see the video but he was very passionate about this. >> i'm really sorry i missed it. but just hearing those clips, andrea, sounds very emotional and very heartfelt. and i'm gratified to hear that. i have to say that the road is going to be very steep in chicago and i'm glad to hear that the mayor realizes that he must come before the people and say the kinds of things that he said today. this is a city that just settled one of the most notorious police brutality cases in the history of this country, the case in which chicago police officers were seen to have tortured african-american arrestees over

the years. that was supposed to be the new chapter and turning the page. and now we have the laquan mcdonald video. the trust already wasn't there. this is going to be really hard work required on the part of the mayor, on the part of the new police chief, on the part of the prosecutor, the d.a. and others in the state leadership, and it sounds like mayor emanuel was willing to say there is a problem and that it cannot go forward. the devil is always in the details. and one of the details is going to be about the laquan mcdonald case and all of the reasons why we just saw this video, why these officers, this officer was just indicted. what's going to happen to the other officers who corroborated what this officer van dyke said about the killing erroneous. there are so many questions, so in the coming days i'm happy to hear the passion and sincerity of what sounds like the sincerity of mayor emanuel's

words today. but it will be what happens in the coming days to determine whether, in fact, this is a new chapter and a new beginning for chicago. >> sherrilyne, to be continued. thank you. there's been a lot said about donald trump's comments in the past days. a viewer sent this picture to chuck todd from arlington national cemetery. a picture showing a jewish gravestone right next to a muslim soldier. nbc's tom brokaw brought his experience in this season of trump. >> donald trump's promise to ban all muslims from coming to america is much more than a shouted campaign involve case. trump's statement, even in the season of extremes, is a dangerous proposal that overrides history, the law and the foundation of america itself. in my lifetime alone, we have been witness to the consequences

of paranoia overriding reason. during world war ii law-abiding japanese citizens were herded into internment camps losing their jobs, businesses and social standing. while an all-japanese american division fought heroicically in europe. and germany paid the ultimate price, defeat and history's condemnation. but after the war america still had to learn about demagoguery the hard way. senator joe mccarthy's reckless anti-communist witchhunt -- >> it has been labeled -- >> making ever more outrageous claims, damaging reputations until one day -- >> have you no sense of decency, sir? >> all that while african-americans whose ancestors came here as slaves were treated as second or even third-class citizens in uniform and out. yes, the jihadists are radical

muslims, but they are a minority in a world with a billion and a half muslims. even so defeating isis will be long, hard and expensive. perhaps even more so now because isis is likely to use donald trump's statements as a recruiting tool. kareem kan responded to a different kind of recruiting, 9/11. an american citizen, he joined the american army to show that not all muslims are fanatics. he was killed in iraq in 2007 by an ied just 20 years old. mr. trump cannot exclude him from america. he has a permanent home here in section 60 at arlington national cemetery. >> tweet your small business questions to @msnbcyourbiz. for small business advice, watch "your business" sundays at 7:30 a.m. eastern on msnbc. this is claira.

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should you be more assertive when donald trump comes out and says he wants to keep all muslims out of the country? >> look, i've said i disagree with that proposal, but it is amazing how eager the media is. i mean, the number one question i get day in and day out is please attack donald trump. please attack donald trump. >> right. >> and, you know, i point out my approach to trump has been the same to every other republican candidate, which is i'm not interested in personal insults and mudslinging. >> that was joe scarborough interviewing ted cruz. minnesota congressman keith ellison joins me now. congressman, thank you very much. let's talk about donald trump and the reaction from the muslim-american community, many of whom you represent. >> well, people are very

concerned. it's obviously something very frightening, worrisome. they wonder about this and wonder what comes next. and many are wondering will our responsible leaders denounce this much the same way george w. bush did right after 9/11 when fear of backlash was ever present. you know, i actually think this is the moment where leaders of real integrity have to say, this is not the right thing. look, paul ryan and i are not in the same party and disagree on most things economic. on other things as well. but when he said this is not american, i was proud of our speaker of the house. at that moment he was the speaker of the house of the whole united states, not just a party. and so, look, i mean, this is time where people need to be counted. just like when george wallace was barring the door in segregation today, tomorrow and forever. just like when joe mccarthy was doing what he did, you know, good americans said, you know

what? i may pay a personal price in terms of disapproval of some people, but i'm going to say it's wrong because it's wrong. and so this is the moment that we're in, and i don't accept senator cruz saying, well, i'm not going to pile on, i don't really agree. no, this is the moment where real integrity is on the line. and people have to step up and say persecuting a religious minority and scapegoating them is absolutely unacceptable. that's the moment we're in. >> and in the final few moments we have, how do people in your family, how do the children in a muslim-american family feel about all of this? >> they're fearful, they're worried. i mean, they -- muslim kids, american kids aspire to be president of the united states. they want to be soldiers, they want to be cops, they want to be firefighters, they love this country and want to serve it. so when somebody who is aspiring to be president and has a pretty

good shot at being it in the republican nomination says you're not a part of us, you're not welcome here, you don't belong. that is really worrisome. and i tell you, it's not just muslims, it's other folks who remember and can -- have studied japanese internment. who have studied ugly epics in american history, that we do not want to return to, and i think that it's not just a muslim thing. i have people from christian and jewish communities calling me and saying, wait a minute, this is not going to work. this is unacceptable. and i just hope that this provokes in the good decent people of america of which the majority are overwhelmingly will stand up and say no to donald trump and anybody who wants to try to win an election by parodying this divisive hate. >> thank you very much. >> thank you very much. >> i'm sorry, didn't mean to cut you off. we have to leave it there. >> i'm concerned about the

people who do support him. he's offering them absolutely nothing other than hate. he's not trying to solve the problems of the american people. and yet he offers people hate, and because he channels their frustration he gets support. but i hope the people who have been supporting him begin to ask, what are we getting out of donald trump other than who we should dislike? >> to be continued. thank you, again, very much, congressman. and up next, team of rivals will have more from bob dole. (phone ringing) (phone ringing) you can't deal with something by ignoring .t but that's how some presidential candidates seem to be dealing with social security. americans work hard and pay into it, so our next president needs a real plan to keep it strong. (elephant noise) (donkey noise)

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>> so was i. >> i remember it well. i was standing right there when tom brokaw asked you if you had anything to say to vice president bush. >> you'll see the man that you beat tonight, that's senator bob dole who is standing by in his headquarters. senator dole, is there anything you would like to say to the vice president? >> stop lying about my record. i said stop lying about my record because they had an ad called "senator straddle" which showed me raising taxes. you know, i was the leader for ronald reagan. and later for george bush. so i wasn't setting the policy. i was trying to support the president. >> would you have any trouble, you don't have any trouble obviously supporting jeb bush despite your past differences with his dad. >> oh, no. we're -- i have great respect for his dad, talk to him now and then, he's a wonderful guy.

and you can't fight last year's battle. when it's over, it's over. >> how do you explain the anger at washington these days, which seems -- >> i don't know. trump says all politicians are stupid, you know, i have known a lot of politicians in the 36 years i was in congress, and there may have been a few stupid ones around but i've met hundreds and hundreds of democrats and republicans who are there because of people that trust in them. see, i was in the senate 28-plus years working with george mitchell and robert byrd and tom daschle, and we never had an unkind word. we never tried to sneak something through the senate. we were d's and r's but we were also friends, and that counts a lot. you have to put your arm around

the senate and bring in people from both sides, compromise not a bad word. >> i wanted to ask you about your "i like ike" button. tell us why it is so important to have a memorial to dwight eisenhower? >> i think history will record him as one of the greatest americans because he not only destroyed hitler and europe, liberated millions of people and concentration camps and also ended the korean war. and here we are 70 years later and no recognition of this great general and president for eight years of peace and prosperity. and so we believe it's time, particularly us older guys who would like to -- some of us to

be around for the dedication. it probably won't be many but there might be a couple hundred. >> how does it make you feel when you go to the world war ii memorial, which would never have been created if not for your support and see the throngs of people, including veterans and their grandchildren and great-grandchildren who come and love that place? >> right now it's the most visited memorial in d.c. and i go out every saturday morning and greet veterans from all over the country. they come by the hundreds. and i've been doing it for about four years. but, you know, you meet these outstanding men. i remember one 101 years old, he had his world war ii uniform and walking around like he was 45 or 50. i mean, that's an inspiration. and of course we can all tell war stories because there's nobody around to correct us. so we're all heroes and we all

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this winter, take advantage of our season's best offers on the latest generation of cadillacs. the 2016 cadillac ats. get this low-mileage lease from around $269 per month, or purchase with 0% apr financing. hi, everybody. i'm thomas roberts. right now on "msnbc live," protestors gather outside an emergency council meeting in chicago. mayor rahm emanuel delivers an em passioned apology for the death of laquan mcdonald. >> no citizen is a second-class citizen in the city of chicago. >> but the mayor's apology, is it too little, too late? we'll take you live to chicago to see how it's playing out.