on the eve of the landmark agreement, what will it do to

help climate change? under fire for a mock mass shooting, and organizers are going ahead with the mock drill while students are taking final exams. and school buses that are cheaper to run, and more environmentally friendly, and jenna bush hague wer a report to replace the diesel buses out on the roads. hey, there, everyone. high noon here in the east, and 9:00 a.m. in the west, and welcome to weekends with alex wi witt. in paris, negotiators are preparing for a final vote to adopt new rules on climate change, and the most wide ranging to date, and the agreement is announced this morning to commit most of the world with greenhouse gas emissions. kelly koeb yay ya is with us this morning from london. what are the key agreements here?

>> well, it is filled with filled with language and carefully chosen wording to get around legal issues in the k countries, but it is going to set to limit global warming by 2 degrees celsius, and involves it to go back to a level that is naturally absorbed by trees and soil, and net neutral. and it also calls for wealthier countries to spend $20 billion a year, in 2020 to help develop ing countries to use alternative energy instead of using fossil fuels or buildi ing coal plants and so countries are asked to come up with these own targets h. there is no sanctions or anything punitive for countries that do not apply. it is a pledge and review system, alex. the countries make the promises to reduce the carbon emissions with progress then reviewed

every five years after a certain point. more than 180 kcountrys have presented the plans to limit emissions, but here's the problem, those plans aren't enough to achieve the goals laid out in this agreement, and the draft agreement, and the delegate from micronesia said that we have agreed to what we ought to be doing, but nobody has agreed to go do it. there's the rub, alex. >> yes, a thnd this is what is issue here, the kyoto protocol only involved the rich countries the do this, but this is literally everybody involved? >> that is true and part tof th reason why it is so incredibly difficult to come up with some sort of agreement when you are dealing with 190-plus country, and countries with very, very differing priorities and countries still developing the economies and very much more dependent on the fossil fuels and the coal plant, and cheap energy and helps the kcountries

to develop further, and they don't necessarily have the money to invest in the alternative energies, and also the countries that are being affected by the rising sea levels. so, you know, come ting to the agreement with all of the countries with the poorer nations, and the developing countries and the richer countries and then the differences of the political systems as well shgs s, it is v difficult to come up with the agreement as we have seen in the past two week, alex. >> and kelly cobiella in london, thank you for that. and we go the paris where the protests are growing over the climate agreement even before it is officially adopted. and now, before i get to what is happening on the ground, i know that you have been passionately covering this, and what is the biggest hurdle to put this in implementation phase? >> i wanted to get to that, alex, but first, i have tell you that the flashing lights behind me the eiffel hour are all lit up, and right now, all of the

nations have answered the plenary mood is just as exciting as the tower behind me. there is momentum to get it done, and it is a mars lander kind of thing, and the nasa moonshot moment, because for 25 years the nations of the world have been trying to hammer out an agreement, universal and global and unlike kyoto they failed in copenhagen and it broke down at this moment, but this time, they believe it can get done. the biggest hurdle is to convince oil-producing states like saudi arabia to get on the board of the eliminating greenhouse gas emissions this century. and they say, wait, does it mean we can't burn all of the oil, and science says yes, it does, but saudi is trying to work around it. >> we had the money shot, because the eiffel tower was sparkling with all of the the

light, and they have just turned it off, and i know that you have not looked behind yourself. and tony, the difference between copenhagen and when it broke down in 2009, and the mood in the room, have they officially voted? >> they are in the room where where they will take the vote. it could be one hour or two hours or take all of the way to tomorrow morning. they are in the final room, and have a vote before they leave. that is what we are told. they are working through the agreement one last time, and then there is a dramatic final moment, and consensus, and the french foreign minister will come to the podium, and keep in mind when he unveiled the agreement today, he put it in the context of future generations, if we fail now our children will not understand and they will not forgive us, and president obama put it in similar terms in the run up to paris, with we are at the risk of giving the children a planet that we cannot expect them to repair. those are the stakes. any time this hour or as late as

tomorrow morning, a consensus vote, and the foreign minister will say, do we have consensus, and if nobody speaks, then he will bang the gavel and an agreement will be reached. >> and what is the status of the prothe tests? >> there was one by the arc and the eiffel tower behind me, and the police were in both areas with the armor and the helmets and prepared for the anarchist element, but it did not mater l materialize as it does two weeks ago, but it was relatively peaceful, and ainngry, because e activist community feels that it does not go far enough to what scientists says is catastrophic and not rein in burn iing of co and gas. and so it is america and other

count countries have grown very rich burning the fuls, and india and china have not, and so they expect we would do more, but at least that is the message are from the protesters. >> and you will have to tell me if it gets done. >> well shgs, i think they you have to send me back to paris in five years, alex. >> and now, as far as the global changes across the world, you can go to msnbc.com, and check out in depth feature, and the old globe is gone. and investigators are about to begin the third day of searching to a a lake near san bernardino, and there are reports that several items have been recovered, but ist is not confirmed by authorities, and meanti meantime, families are continuing to bury victims of the attack. last night tin nguyen services were held, and she will be laid to rest today. >> and morgan, any indication of

how much longer the search will go on in the lake? >> it is expected to go on for days, and it is a windy day here in san bernardino, and the sun is just coming out. if you can look behind me, the tanks and the gear have been brought out now by the fbi investigators who are beginning the third day to search this lake. now, yesterday, there are sources who have a circular black item brought out of the water and hand ed ed to the man gloves, but it is unclear whether or not that item was in fact related to these killers, but we know from the evidence that is recovered on the scene in the past week that these can killers appear to have been planning a larger attack, a alex. and larger attack focused on enrique marquez, and he has not been officially blamed a suspect, but he e told syed rizwan farook two of the five guns used on the day of the attack, and he also on the day of the attack posted something

cryptic that said "i'm sorry, guys." and this is a man who planned an attack with farook in 2012, but then they got cold feet. but there is still interest into the money that was transferred into farook's account which was exchanged on a virtual peer-to-peer lending platform, and now the investigators are wondering if it was funneled through syed rizwan farook's account for the attack, but even with the details and the mysteries and the questions, the focus here is on the survivors and the victims. tin nguyen came to the united states when she was 8 years old looking for a better life and more education, and better opportunity, and she was gunned down in this murder where 14 was killed. she was gunned down a year before she was expected to be married, alex. >> so unjust. than you, morgan, from san

bernardin bernardino. >> let's go now to the 2016 trail, and new rivalry is heating up between donald trump and senator ted cruz. >> i do like ted cruz, but not a lot of evangelicals come out of cuba. he gets a lot of money from the oil companies and has an interest in ethanol. >> and so there is trump questioning his judgment at a private event. trump is at a rally in south carolina as we give you a live look at what is going on there. and luke russert is joining us from there in the town of akin, and so, luke, with a good day to you, talk about the agenda for the rally today, and what does he have on tap? >> well, what isn't on the agenda for a donald trump rally, to be honest. we will hear him talk about a lot of issues, but talk ing to the fans beforehand, there is a lot of interest in what he said earlier in the week about an outright ban on muslims coming

into the united states. and in fact, the reverend doing the invocation prayed for donald trump to talk about that today, and keep america safe, quote, unquote. and now, there is two other areas of interest that we have to look at in the rally. number one a lot of donald tr p trump's criticizing the establishment a lot after that washington post story came out, and said that the establishment would try to off him in cleveland at a brokered convention, and number two, the rivalry with ted cruz and right now, frenemies and cruz pulled back from the comments of a closed door fund-raiser where he essentially said that trump is not qualify and trump tried to bait him, and we will see if cruz takes any shots today, but this is going to be a personal reflection here, alex, this is the first one of the trump events that i have been to since the one he did with cruz on capitol hill, and this is a sort of niche american revival and it is like motley crue revival and

it is not music for everybody, but the people who come here are really, really dedicated. it is interest poing for the th electorate, but for someone who covers capitol hill, this is a niche, and he is carrying the cross today. >> and leave it to you, luke russert to pull out a motley crue am ji. >> that is what it is like here. >> and luke, any protesters in the hall behind you? >> so there are some protesters outside, and we are in aiken, south carolina, who says that the aiken community does not like hate. and there was a gentleman who had on a muslim star, and then he walked out. and the guy who welcomed everybody said to expect the pro

testers, and chant trump, trump, trump, and allow the security to walk them out. and it is funny that you asked me that, because it is funny that one of the people who is a trump supporter expected it as part of the show, and they wanted to see it, so it is an idea of what is it like. >> yes sh, some entertainment ve there. and yes, to hear donald trump to talk about it, and he will agree with it, one poll in new hampshire is putting him far ahead of the pack, and how is this race for second place at this point? >> well, i dont n't know sfit a race for second place is a little strong, but the energy that he has tapped into, and it is reflected in the polls, and you will see trump, carson and cruz getting over 50% of the electorate is definitely true. the establishment has lost control of the party, and every person here is just as angry at the gop establishment as president obama. they got the figure out a way to harness that. i suspect that if you can see how it is playing out right now, it is a good position for cruz, because if trump falters, he is

going to get the voters and he has the an tie establishment credentials for them to believe in him. >> luke russert, well done. and the gop may consider a brokered convention, and coming up, what that means, and how the candidates are reacting to that report. but saving an additional 1% now, could make a big difference over time. i'm going to be even better about saving. you can do it, it helps in the long run. prudential bring your challenges therthat can be serious,ere. even fatal to infants. it's whooping cough, and people can spread it without knowing it. understand the danger your new grandchild faces. talk to your doctor or pharmacist about a whooping cough vaccination today.

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new drama out on the 2016 campaign trail. maybe the gop is considering a controversial way of conducting the the campaign. it is a brokered c eed conventid that happens when no one delegate gets enough delegates. and it will then decide how delegates shift in the process. >> donald trump took the first tabs at ted cruz and calling out

the ties to big oil and evangelical roots, and that is after cruz criticized trump at a event. and now, joining me is betsy who is a politics reporter at the "daily beast." and robert, i want to start with you, because you first publish a report on the broker ed convention. and ben carson said if this is the beginning of a plan to subvert the will of the voters and replace them with an establishment candidate, then donald trump is not the only one leaving. is that what the party believes? >> i sat down with donald trump, and he said that if it goes to a brokered convention, and dealmaking or politicking in cleveland and nobody wins ob the first ballot, he believes that he is at a disadvantage, and so is carson, because those who have understood the party rules

and the way to the build the coalitions th coalitions inside that people outside could not, they would have a bet ter shot. >> and so what would happen if the candidates left? >> if the candidates left the race? >> yes. >> that is something that the establish me establishment is talking about right now, instead of formally ending the bid, it is talk of sus pending the bid, so if delegates have won early on, they could carry are them to cleveland and the scenario would be that they could throw them to a certain candidate and perhaps establishment alternative to trump and carson. >> wow. bet betsy, donald trump in particular has had some problems with the party, and even in his home state of new york, and why is that relationship so poor? >> well, it is fractious, because he has said and positioned himself in places that are very much in odds at what the republican base wants. even though the comments that he has made about barring the muslims immigrate toing united states temporarily, and even though te comments have generated excitement along his base, a "wall street journal" poll said that 40% of republican

primary voters favor that stance, and the fact that the rnc chairman reince priebus, and most of the other candidates have condemned him for taking that position and it gets folks excited, those folks are not a part of the base, and that is why the leaders and the activists are frustrated with him. he is being portrayed as someone who speaks for all republicans, when the data does not bear it out. >> okay. robert, talk about the trump/cruz tension here period, because the two of them have been playing nice until this week. and cruz appears to be in trump's sights, and how does cruz handle it, and how is he handling it? >> cruz is deflecting the attention from trump. he knows that trump relishes a fight not just with him, but anyone. and cruz has the blinders on when it comes to iowa. he wants to continue to rise there, because that is his launching pad. if he could brush off the trump

distractions and the potshots, and he has a chance of being in the forefront of the nomination fight. >> but is it fair to call him out on the evangelical part, because his father was a evangelical minister. >> and trump speaks extemporaneously, and you are right, cruz's father, emanuel came from cuba, and i'm not sure of that point. >> betsy, cruz has been trying to say he is tough on immigration, and as you are resported the campaign is pulling him from some of the current duties on these issues, including the hearings on isis. is this a bigger problem going forward, and will he be called out on that? >> yes, without a doubt. we have seen the republican candidates criticized and especially the senators for

missing votes and hearings. >> marco rubio for one. >> and one of the dramatic minutes in the debate is jeb bush going after rubio for missing so much. and this week, he has criticized trump's judgment at the fund-raiser, but what he missed by going to the fund-raiser were two capitol hill meetings with ash carter the defense secretary, and james comey, the director of the fbi, and the fact the he skipped those two meetings with fund raiz with goldman sachs, they might say, well, cruz might talk the talk, but when the rubber hits the road, he is fund-raising instead of going to the important events. >> thank you, betsy and robert. and this week, the president is goi is going to the pentagon to the discuss the anti-isis campaign. the president is looking to get more ways of gathering

intelligence, and strike key targets. it is the second time that he has called the pentagon meeting this week to talk about syria and iraq. and now shgs s, it is the s week that we are looking at increasing attacks on muslims in the u.s. oh no... (under his breath) hey man! hey peter. (unenthusiastic) oh... ha ha ha! joanne? is that you? it's me... you don't look a day over 70. am i right? jingle jingle. if you're peter pan, you stay young forever. it's what you do. if you want to save fifteen percent or more on car insurance, you switch to geico. ♪ you make me feel so young... it's what you do.

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audi models. now to today's number one, and we begin with the new r ranking of the healthiest states in america. the foundation ranks after many factors. hawaii gets the top grade with the second highest obesity record. the unhealthiest is louisiana with the highest rate of obesity and the lowest percentage of people with health insurance. i she skipped 548 times in three minutes and you wonder how they counted the feat? they had to watch it in slow-mo.

and you have to be kidding me? >> and there is no slowing down the golden state warriors and the ballers by the bay won the record 24th straight game to start the season and 28th straight when going back to last season, and that is the longest win streak in nba h history. and listen to this number one salute with a salute to ole blue eye, because to today would have been frank sinatra's 100th birthday. the crooner recked his first hit in june of 1940 to start a 40-year run of billboard hits. his hometown of hoboken, new jersey, is honoring him with a plaque at the local museum. those are the number ones. did you know that good nutrition

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where donald trump is holding a rally. and now the new poll out of new hampshire showing that he is still ahead by 27% to 1% over christy ti. and susan del percio, thank you for coming in, and, i wanted to ask you about the never-ending controversies, and it is smart campaign strategy, and that is what you are agreeing with? >> well, when you are a candidate, you say, go with what is natural and tweak it. donald trump is a fach ral entertainer, and he knows how the read a crowd. if he tries something out, and it works, he will continue. and it is a meed to cal play for him, and also dealing with the business, he knows how the make a deal, and persuade people. so he is trying to play to the

strength which works for him, but the problem is that it only works with so many people within the republican party, and that is why the floor and the ceiling are similar in the high 20s. >> and so, susan is deskrcribin what he does, and he will tweet out some outrageous lines around and the speeches and the like, but his opponents don't do that. is that to the disadvantage? might they improve their poll number numbers if they fought fire with fire? >> well, they are looking at folks who have dropped out of the race previously who attempted that strategy, and rick perry attempted to criticize donald trump, and he is not in the race anymore, and so ted cruz and marco rubio looking at donald trump, they don't want to directly attack them, because it will hurt them, and the people they need to win the iowa caucus or the new hampshire primary and beyond, they need those voters who like donald trump and what he is saying, so he is resonating with the base, and the people who want to beat him don't want to insult, and alienate that base.

>> and it is not the fact that he attacks, but it is the fact that donald trump makes you feel that you are godoing to fight f him, and that he is as mad as you are if you are the republican constituency, and he is speak out for all of the angry people who are upset with washington and frustrated and that is what people are looking for from the candidates is somebody who is going to fight for them. >> and recently as sunday, hillary clinton was kind of laughing when it came to discussions about trump. she did it ob abc this week, but since his statement about muslims, she has changed her tune. take a listen to this. >> you know, i have to say, seth, i no longer think that he is funny. what he is saying now is not only shameful and wrong, but it is dangerous. the latest demand that we not let muslims into the country really plays right into the hands of the terrorists, and i don't say that lightly, but it does. he is giving him a great

propaganda tool, a way to the recruit more folks from europe and the united states. >> i am going to ask you this, as a republican, he has been a publicity threat, but is he a policy threat? >> he is not becoming a policy threat as much as a character threat to hillary clinton, and she is now saying that he is no longer someone who people are going to be laughing off, and he is not getting any track shurngs and she is probably concerned how much damage can he cause her not necessarily on the policy debate, but on the character debate like he did to jeb bush. >> is he is the dream candidate for the democrats? and you are nodding, because is he the one that the democrats want the to go up against? >> well, it is a double-edged sword. in a general election the contrast could not be more clear with the donald trump versus hillary clinton in terms of the experience and the preparedness for taking over the office of

the presidency, but on the other hand, if he makes it to the general election the country is split >>, and election after e llecti, and there is is a chance if you are a democrat that donald trump could have the nuclear launch codes and that might be concerning to you. on the one hand, there is a clear contrast, but on the other hand, it is a little dangerous. every week i come here, and i said donald trump is not saying something anything substan thetive and he did not put out a policy statement to wan with -- ban muslims, but he put out a statement release, and so how is he going to do that and how logistically is he going to the implement that plan. >> how is he going to build that wall, yes, back to that. >> and on top of that, you have hillary clinton, yes, maybe she is going to do the best against donald trump, and say, she would beat donald trump, and i believe that if donald trump were the republican nominee, she would.

but how does she campaign against him, and the unknown, because he does not fight fair or traditionally, and what kind of campaign does she have to run against him is a big challenge. >> and button it up, who do the democrats fear the most at this point? >> i don't think that there is any individual person that they fear the most, but the question is how do you get the independent voters, every single cycle -- >> which is what is it is about. >> and get the middle. and if you are going up against donald trump, it is easier. >> and keep ing ting the voters to the polls, and not let the voter apathy win the independent vote. okay. zerlina and susan, thank you. >> and now, after the shooting of laquan mcdonald in chicago, last night, demonstrators disrupted traffic and again called for the resignation of mayor rahm emanuel. the tensions in the city have increased since the releasing of the dash cam video of the killing of laquan mcdonald.

what do we hear this morning from the family of laquan mcdonald? >> they are grieving. they are forced to watch this video of him being shot on the local news, but they are grateful for the demonstrators coming out, and calling for anita alvarez to step down. they want a national summit to discuss police brutality. >> there is a problem in the city of chicago. when an officer who was sworn to serve and to protect can gun down a citizen for no other reason than that he was black. laquan mcdonald represents thousands of laquan mcdonald's. >> now, this morning, religious, and political leaders, including jesse jackson came out with a 10-point plan for what they call a city in crisis, and among other things, a march to the 2016 election, and they want to release videos of any police misconduct that might not have

been out there and they want the demonstrations on the streets of chicago to continue. alex. >> okay. adam reiss in chicago, thank you for that. authorities have determined that a fire at the southern california mosque was intentionally set. that fire broke out yesterday afternoon and the crews contained the fire to the front lob lobby. state investigators and officials from the atf have been assist i assisting. they won't say if there are any suspects or how that fire was set. we have cal perry with more on that, and all of the attacks on the muslims here. >> on the uptick from council of muslim relation, and we heard the attorney general lor retta lynch say that she is worried about the attacks. there is no rhyme nor reason of how the attacks have occurred, and this is from the paris incident. there is an uptick, and again, set not islamic centers and i

want the make the point that mosques in america double as the community center, and you will be find both. in tampa, florida, two individuals accosted over the weekend. she was leaving a mosque and someone shot at her, and she went straight to the police station. and vandalism at a phoenix mosque as well, and earn isly on the uptick, and they are conc n concerned this is going to be continuing, and the fbi is taking all threats seriously. >> when you say the uptick, can you categorize, how much worse it is? >> well, we need the statistics of the council of american islamic relations say it is on the increase, but no figure yet. and the main concern is that as we saw the fire in california on a friday afternoon which is the main time for prayers, and that is the concern of the timing of the attacks, and we have seen seriously an uptick on the threats of mosques, and people calling to leave awful message, and some vile stuff is coming

out, too. a mosque in philadelphia where somebody took to a pig's head and threw it out of the window, and the fbi says it is going to be taken clear and it is hate speech. >> yes, friday, that is a friday prayer, and it is a miracle that nothing happened there to injure anybody. >> that is the real fear that it happened on a friday. and what about the president's speech last week on calming fears, and did it accomplish what he wanted to? the radiant glow of being in love.

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so our next president needs a real plan to keep it strong. (elephant noise) (donkey noise) hey candidates! answer the call already. the u.s. announced this week that it is taking new steps in the fight against isis sending attack helicopters and adviser s to support the iraqi army fighting on the ground, but the the u.s. pointed an impatient finger at the allies particularly in the gulf to ask them to step up their efforts against the extremist group. and erin banco is an editor for

the new york times, and she is looking at why the u.s. is failing to fight against isis. one of the articles you have written says that we are failing to go after the isis financial structure, and most of it coming from the backing of the arab countries. >> yes, back up a little bit, we know that isis infrastructure is made of oil, taxation, and extortion, and 15% of the annual budget or the money coming in, 15% of it is from wealthy gulf donors. the problem is that we have not been able to track those financiers down. the u.s. treasury is doing a lot on their part to find out who the people are, but the gulf states are not doing their part. >> and so what can i guess be impressed upon the gulf leaders to do something about it, and do they even know who the wealthy

gulf donors are if we don't? >> that is the problem. what the international financial times found in the report is that we talked to gulf leaders for five months, and countries like kuwait didn't have laws on the books to arrest those financiers. and so those laws are not on the book, and the u.s. has not told the gulf counterparts, this is what you need the do. it is one thing to say this is what you need to the do, and another one to have consequences placed upon them. >> and i understand when the law s are enforced, really, there is no punitive action taken, right? >> right. no punitive action whatsoever, and the problem is that the gulf states are dealing with what happens to us politically, and domestically, if we go after the fee nanniers of terrorism, and what is going to happy to us

politically? are we frowned upon? that is the main problem. so what we found is that the financiers in the gulf are sending weapons, cash, resources to the sunni tribes in anbar province which is why the u.s. and other allies have not been able to advance, because they are being outfinanced. >> and is you talk about the way they make their money, with the the oil and gas and extortion, and the ideology here, can you break it down? >> this has been happening for years. gulf financiers have been giving money no the anbar province back to the 1990s, so it is not new, but the problem is that nothing has been done to stop it. it is a lot to do with ideology, and a lot to do with the

ideology, and lot of the sunni tribal leaders were under maliki, and they have a lot to be angry about, and so they are sympathetic to what they are going through, and so it is not new, but nothing has been done to stop it, so it is continuing to happen. >> and you are mentioning in the article about tur can ki, and how much money is crossing the turkish border, and what do they need to do to stop it? >> well, for a lot of journalists like me who go into those areas, and those places are wide open. you can walk through them. it is very easy for people to carry across suitcases of cash into syria. if i can walk into syria without any problem, anyone can. >> okay. you need to be careful to do that and i did not know that you were that intrepid of a reporterrin banco. and now, an effort to make school buses more environmentally friendly. jenna bush hagar is here to talk

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a new push is under way the make school buses safer and more environmentally friendly, and part of the effort involves getting the buses running on propane out on the roads. 45 states are using 7,000 of these buses, and now joining me is a correspondent for "today" show and a member of p.e.r.c. >> yes. >> and jenna hagar bush, what got you interested? >> as a teacher, and now a mom, we want to make our kids safer, and you remember riding on the loud diesel buses from our childhood, and they are hard to have conversations with the bus driver, and safer and also better for the environment, and safer for kids, because you stand on line to get in the back with the big diesel fumes, and

less expensive. so as a teacher, i the think it is super important to put the money back into the classrooms with the shrinbing budgets. >> yes, no books. >> and so i didn't know that it worked before i started to work with p.e.r.c. and it is important to be advocates for our kids. >> i am embarrassed, because i didn't know this until i talked with you, but across 45 state, and plans to expand or something that perc wants to start? >> well, no, they want to expand, and already half a million kids ride on them, and i rode on one in maternity leave with a cute high school girl in boston and the mayor of boston who is great, and advocating for the buses, because they are less expensive and there he is, and there we are, and this is a great school by the way. and the outer margin number, but we don't know about them. it is important to spread the

word >> as a mom, you can relate to the parents need to do more to make sure that their kids are safe on the school bus, so what is advice? >> well, the advice is obvious, to sit down on your bottom and not on the backpack or the knees, but there are things to talk about, and there is better our buses.com where you can get all of that information, and having conversation with our kids about routines, and structures are really important. i do it with mela, my 2 1/2-year-old, and i am, like, today, we will walk across the street, and hold mommy's hand, and ooh things that seem obvious to parents, but we our kids' first teachers so it is important to start the conversations. >> good point that you make. and i am glad that p.e.r.c. put you on board. now, with your ped fwree, let's talk about the silly season as some would classify politics right now, and looking at the rhetoric of donald trump, and the tone of things and the way it create as certain

environment, are you just glad that your dad does not have to be swatting back those kinds othings all of the time while he would run for the president? >> yeah, i think that i'm happy that my dad is retired. and painting and doing all of the things that he is doing at the bush center. and look at him. oh, gosh. >> that is a beautiful center, i with was there last month. >> and you and your sister barbara have a great display there about life in the white house. >> i was eight months pregnant there, and i am so glad at the bush institute, but i try to stay out of it, but i know that he wants our country to be in a place that everybody has the freedoms they deserve. i think that he is happy out of the the public eye. >> and not so much so for your uncle. he is right there in the middle. >> yes. >> and bob dole, when he characterized that silly season

is over, he said that jeb bush is going to be the nominee, because he is the establishment guy, and he is convinced that it is going to the weather it all. is that what you si? >> well, of course. we hope so. but, i mean, he is a really hardworking guy, and steady guy. when you see the news going on everyday in our world, and as with a 3-month-old, and i get few scared about the future of our kids, so i want somebody who is steady and smart and respectful. but you know, and he would make a great candidate, and barbara and i and people always say, so are you going to run, and 20-whatever, and it is a joeshgs because we are really interested in policy. we got the travel with my parents, and when they were president and first lady to africa and watch petfar unfold, and got the go the schools with wendy cot the founder of teacher for america, and barbara started the web core, and so there are

ways to give back without getting into the traditional politics. >> and it is part of the legacy, and i mentioned bob dole who ran against your grandfather, and how is poppy, the 3-month-old, and your grandfather? >> we were just with him in florida over thanksgiving, and he is such an important man in our life. he was sick when i was prelg nant with my first daughter mee l.a. and i kind -- pregnant with my first daughter mela, and the fact that they have both met him and i could name my second daughter after him -- >> and he knew it. >> and he was with me in maine when i had the baby, and he said, jenna had the baby and my dad said, they name d her poppy after you, and a big tear fell down his face, and of course, i am going to cry. >> and you bushes. you are going to make me cry,

because i understand the seminal ti seminalty of it. >> and politics cannot show the true people sometimes, and so my dad and my grandfather in particular is a man who is so beloved by all of us, and so we are just thrilled that my girls got to the meet him. >> i hope that i can leave a legacy within my family that your father and your grandfather can. >> and i do, do, and my girls are going to be saying, mom, get out of my room. >> trust me, it is coming, jenna. >> thank you very much. and now, the new details of the climate agreement, and if it can be enforce and if it can work, and why there are encouraging signs from a major polluter. the price of 10. that's five extra gigs for the same price. looks like someone just made it to the top of the nice list. in that case, i want a new bicycle, a bike helmet, a basketball, a stuffed animal that talks when you squeeze it. and... yes, yes. i got your letter. we're good.

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historic deal, and now, a down the earth agreement to stop

the ravages of global warming, but what does it mean and will it satisfy the environmentalists? divers return to the san bernardino lake to look for evidence in the shooting case, but what can they expect the to find? >> and it is just pretend, but for those taking part in a mock shooting drill, but what is the point? good day to all of you, and welcome the "weekends with alex witt" and happening out there in paris, any minute the world leaders could vote on the most far-reaching climate change vote to date. it was announced a couple of weeks after negotiations involving nearly 200 countries. on the story is kelly cobiella in london and our correspondent

in paris as well. what are you hearing, kelly? >> it is a landmark number or figure that they wanted to reach, and some didn't know if they could get to it, but reduced manmade greenhouse e emissions to the level that is naturally absorbed, and in other wor words, net neutral greenhouse emissions, and calls for the wealthier countries to spend at least $100 billion a year starting in 2020 to start developing countries to pay for the alternative energy instead of fossil fuels. countries are left to come up with their own plans and policies h in order to hit the targets, but as for enforcement, no sanctions laid out for the kcountry s who don't comply, an this is more of the pledge and review system. countries will be making promise s to reduce the carbon emissions to hit the goals, and then the plans, and the progress will be reviewed every five years. alex? >> okay. so again, enforcing it is really remaining up in the air of how to do that. >> that is right. that is the real sticking point

when you are talking about just pledge and review, it is not necessarily -- it is more of the voluntary or the naming and the shaming-type enforcement rather than laying out the penalties. and that is something that a lot of of the countries were conc n concerned about if there were some sort of penalty laid out, it is harder to get some countries to sign on, so they have left it voluntary, but there again, alex, the problem of enforcement. >> kelly cobiella, thank you, and now we go the paris, the sitef of the talks there, and tony is standing by, a ndnd wit the beautiful sparkling tower behind you and the lights are back on, and what is happening right now? >> well, the nations of the world and it sounds so grandiose to say it, but the nations of the world are gathered about 10 miles from here, and they are going over the draft one more time, and line by line in anticipation of the vote tonight, and this is a

culmination of the two-week process here in paris, but a 25-year political process going back to 1992 in rio, and the world has been trying to find a solutions problem in global warming, and now they do believe they have got one. and kelly mentioned the goal of 3.6 degrees fahrenheit, and the pr problem is that the current pledge of the countries do not put us anywhere near it, and we are going to be blowing way past it, and that is frightening, because the scientists say that it is a red line and if we cross it, it could be catastrophic, and in the words of the united nations, irreversible. and also a floor for contributions for the developing countries to adopt, and put the solar panels on the roofs, and build sea walls to push back e erosion, but it is not enough money, because some organizations say $800 billion by 2050. if this passes, and we will find out soon, and it is a baseline

and ratcheted up from here. alex. >> and tony, i have to ask about the vote, is it up and down, and who would deem to put a down vote after two weeks of negotiation, and then all of the negotiations, because you don't want a 2010 end the negotiation s. >> yes, and there is, if we fail here, our children will never forget us. and that is very important. there is a greenhouse emissions looking there, it is minimizing the coal, oil and gas usage. but those are trillion dollar industries in countries like saudi arabia, and venezuela, and others for their economy, so is those countries are going to be thinking very hard about whether they will agree, and it only

takes one delegate to say we are not going to be doing it, and the whole deal is off, and five more years will go on. but it is a high pressure, but a lot of optimism and i can't wait to see how it turns out, because it is going to be celebration if it is not successful, and ri rioting here if it fails, alex. >> that is why it is the holding your breath sort of anticipation. and tony, let us know if you find out anything today. for more on the paris talks, and the devastating effects of climate change, go to our in depth feature "our old familiar globe is gone." and let's check in with south carolina, because donald trump has a rally going on. >> people are coming in by the tense of thousands and the 100,000s, and we are going to

build a wall, and a real wall. >> and trump is leading in the poll, and the smackdown attacks after he went after ted cruz calling in the ties to big oil, and questioning the evangelical routes, and it is a after a report that cruz criticized t m trump at a private event. luke russert is joining us there from the event in aiken, south carolina, and i know that you have been there since the beginning, and talk about the highlights there, luke russert? >> well sh, in terms of the new nothing said about ted cruz or donald trump in a possible third-p third-party run, and not as many shots at the republican establishment as we heard last night in iowa, and nothing dire directly on cruz. as far as what trump's message was, it is the greatest hits, repeal dodd frank, repeal obama care, strong second amendment, and the people in paris had guns, none of them would have died, and those type of

bombastic comments that we have heard from him over the course of the campaign, and the people here ate it up. i think that the most interesting dynamic, and perhaps were the loudest applause came from whenever there were protesters, and the people who supported trump jumped to their feet and they would scream at the protesters that harkened back to the movies made about the roman coliseum, alex, in my judgment. very interesting. some protesters wore stars and said stop iz llama phobia and they were taken out by jeers to the crowd. and to give you an idea of those who support him so fervently, this is what one man said that why he likes donald trump so much. >> he's forthright. he comes out to say it the way it is. you know, we have put up with an awful lot of weak-kneed leadership, and he is not going

to be that. he is going to tell you what he is going to do, and he is going to do it. like building that fence. i have every reason to believe that the mexicans will be ending up paying for that fence. >> and that is emblematic to many of the folks here, alex. they truly believe that donald trump says he can do everything that he says he is going to do, and it does not matter if you ask them how he is going to get through it congress or how high the opinion of the negativity is in the nbc "wall street journal" poll, donald trump is right in their eyes, and he is unstoppable. >> i wonder if the gentleman has heard the mexican government say they have no intention of paying for the fence. and can we talk about the new hampshire polls that put him ahead of the pack. h how tight is the race for the second place in that key state?

>> well, it is tight. what you are seeing over the course of the next six weeks and two months and however long is a that the lanes are going to start to become ever more clear. you donald trump in the very much anti-establishment lane. and ted cruz in the evangelical and anti-establishment lane, and rubio and the establish mement trying to get some conservatives to support him the first time. and chris christie is an outlier there in new hampshire, and he can make some noise, but i think that those three that i mentioned will be who it comes down to from all of the indications that we are getting. one thing about this, this is really energy, and donald trump has tapped into it. and ted cruz has tapped into it. and the energy can propel them very far in the republican primary, but not far in the general, but in the republican, yes. and rubio has to hang around if he wants to have a shot, a nd they will probably prop him up with some money, because with this momentum, cruz and trump

can get ahead very quickly. >> good to see you. >> and now, diving back in the san bernardino lake, the divers are searching for any possible evidence linked to the killers in the terror attack that left shpeople dead, and the killers were also killed in a shootout with police. and meanwhile, the families are burying victims of the attack. last night a wake held for tin nguyen who is going to be laid to rest later today the. and morgan is there in san bernardino today with the investigati investigation. and morgan, all sorts off reports, but what do you know about whether the divers have or not gotten evidence? >> well, you can see the divers behind us, and they have gear on, and bellies down, and flippers up, and any clue for evidence that the couple may have left behind. alex, we are here in the first place, because the fbi was tipped off to the fact that this

couple was here at this lake around the time of the attack. now, yesterday, they did pull some items from the water, and the sources did not confirm what those items are, and we know questions this morning circling around enrique marquez who is the young man who purchased 2 of the 5 guns used in the attack. investigators were told that marquez planned a 2012 attack with syed rizwan farook, and then on this year's attack, he posted something cryptic on the facebook saying "i'm sorry guys. it was a pleasure." but with all of that happening here in san bernardino, the community's hearts are with the victims. you mentioned tin nguyen, and she is one of 14 people who lost her life when the inland regional center was attacked. she was 8 years old coming are the vietnam looking for better life and opportunities, and that is why her mother came here to america. she was set to be engage and a year before she was set to be

married, she was gunned down. alex. >> absolutely tragic. than you, morgan radford in san bernardino. >> another story is a mock mass shooting in austin, texas, taking place in a few hours right near the university of tex texas. the organizers say they want to call attention to the dangers of the so-called gun-free zones like churches and schools, but the mock shooting is getting lots of opposition there. we will go there in a few moments. and president obama guiding the nation in difficult times, and one of the nation's e leading historians will weigh in on that next. how can you help? by giving a little more, to yourself. historians will weigh in on that next. t to help themselves. the cause is retirement, and today thousands of people came to race for retirement and pledge to save an additional one percent of their income. if we all do that we can all win.

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new questions about president obama's address from the oval office last week on

terrorism, and what he accomplished. it was watched by some 46 million viewers and by comparison, only 32 million watched the president's state of the union address this year. and now joining me is the president and historian from the franklin broadcast center. thank you for joining us. >> thank you for having me. >> and when we look at fdr, we have fothing the fear but fear itself, and winston churchill's, never, never, never give up. and president obama's was given when more americans are fearful of a terrorist attack at any time since the day following 9/11. what did it accomplish? >> well, i wish it had been better. he gave the speech on immigration to allow executive

orders for mexican american immigrants to remain in the united states. it was wonderful speech. it touched people's emotions, and had a good positive reaction, but this speech did not have that kind of reaction, i don't believe, for the simple reason that it was kind of school marm ish, and it was not a bad speech, but it did not move me, and this is an extre extremely emotional moment, and the president needs to connect with people emotionally, but instead, it is school marm ish, and telling us the responsibilities to the refugees rather than the immigration speech, which if you will reremember back in 204, what he did was to open up by acknowledging people's fears. and their dislike of the immigrants moving to the head of the line. he said, that's not american. we don't like that kind of

thing. here what he should have done is opened up by acknowledging that people's worries, concerns, emotions, and then move and pivot, pivot to the position where he starts to talk about how what we need to be doing is to welcoming in the rerfugees, and then i am making the mistake that i told him about, the need. and you don't need to tell the american people what they need, but you encourage them by laying out a vision of what the country can be and that is powerful and emotional, and you will get a good response from it. >> and in terms of the expectations, and the criticisms, david sanger of the "new york times" said that the president's speech was not intended to include any new strategy to defeat isis, and he wrote that the goal was to make the case that his administration was ahead of the problem, and not playing catchup, confrere to the critiques of many of his former counter terrorism

advisors, and did it do that? >> well, he certainly did not announce any new initiatives, and the syrian policy as i was on the show a couple of weeks ago said that it is a shambles. i guess what i think that he probably should have done was given up something concrete that we could sink our teeth into, and this is a positive of what he is doing, and he didn't give the view or anything like that, and at the end of the day, the viewer is walking away saying, well, he is going to be continuing doing what he has been doing, and not really successful, but we should stick with him. >> and to your point, richard, the president has been criticized about the tone of the speech, and the handling of the issue in general, but on friday, my colleague joe scarborough said this on "morning joe." >> this is a president who has two obsessions right now. he is obsessed primarily with not being george bush and dick cheney, and it is driving him in

the opposite direction, and the proverbial general always fighting the last war, and secondly, he is obsessed with not being proven wrong about isis. he is so obsessed with not being proven wrong, he is not doing what the overwhelming majority of what americans think that he should do to the fight this terr terror. >> is this valid criticism, richard? what kind of tone should the president be taking to avoid being alarmists to prove to americans that he can effectively fight the war on terror. >> well, president obama likes to talk about the root causes. any time we talk about the poor or the minorities, he is going to talk about the root causes and unstable communities and people living in poverty and they need a leg up, and he is very good about talking about root causes come ing to the

domestic issues, but in foreign polic policy, and in the debate about terrorism, he does not acknowledge the root causes. so let me give him a little bit of advice here from the grandstand. so my advice is to talk about the root cause of what is going on in the middle east, and one of the root causes is that the borders that the countries are living in was set out after world war i by the ottoman empire, and colonial powers and borders that worked for the interest of the colonial powers and not for the people living there, and so if he wants to really help the americans understand what is going on there, he should acknowledge this, and maybe even have, there's a policy implication here, and maybe even take the lead in saying, we need to reconsider these borders, because these borders don't work. i don't think that his policy

going to be successful unless he acknowledges this root cause of one of the big problems over there. >> and okay. thank you, richard, for your policy there from the grandstands. opinions from the grandstands. >> okay. [ laughter ] >> and now, we want to point out that president obama is prepared to go the pentagon the meet with military brass to talk strategy against isis, and after the discussions, the president will make an aun nounsment from the pentagon e briefing room. more you know social side. (vo) pro plan bright mind promotes alertness and mental sharpness in dogs 7 and older. (ray) it was shocking. she's much more aware. (jan) she loves the food. (ray) she wants to learn things. the difference has been incredible. (vo) purina pro plan bright mind. nutrition that performs.

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stories and people won't be sprurprise ed by the top few. >> right. of course, the crisis in syria, and ongoing fight with isis was the top news story, and that is displaced 11 to 12 million syrians within the region, and also relates to the two top story which is the migrants and refugees all heading elsewhere. many of the them reaching europe. >> yes, absolutely. and the iran nuclear agreement. >> yes, that is a top news story,ed a it has extreme ramification ramifications in the upcoming years. >> and off beat stories are fun, and what did you find there? >> well, the famous offbeat story was actually about this guy named nigel richards who wins scrabble tournaments, and that is what he does. this year he won the french language tournament despite the fact that the man does not speak a word of phrfrench.

he has memorized the diction which has almost 400,000 words. >> oh, boy, i'm such an underachiever. >> and the big year in sports. >> well, some of the top stories in sports were the u.s. women's team winning the world cup, and the highest rated of all time. >> everyone was watching that. >> yes, of course, and also this summer, the first triple crown horse racing winner. and then off of the field side, we had deflategate which is sort of one of the stories that never seemed to go away in 2015 >> yes, it went throughout the entire season which is not over yet. what do you believe is the best e item that represents what most people were talking about in 2015? a time capsule as you were calling it? >> we put together a time capsule which is serious things like a cat from pope francis who visited the u.s. in 2015, but

also on the sillier side, we had the dress. >> that dress! that is the conundrum. >> it went viral in february, and everybody was talking about it, and what colors are it. people got it tattooed on the skin. >> they did not. >> yes, they did. we saw some imagest, and it is one of the things that people could not stop talking about on social media. >> was it blue and black or white and gold. does anybody here remember in the studio? i can't remember what it was? blue and black. okay. yeah, there it is, blue and black. that is what it looks like. i hope i didn't get it wrong. sarah jan zen, thank you for such a great book. >> thank you for having me. there is a lot of talk about a brokered gop convention, and is it a real possibility? we will look at that. >> and deep in the heart of texas, a mock shooting will be held this afternoon, but what

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33 past the hour, and welcome back to "weekends with alex witt." and moments ago, there is approval for the historic deal. this is a pact that allows all countries to eliminate greenhouse emissions, and still a final vote is in the offing. okay. we go the paris with tony decoupolo, and now, tony, what is the difference of what happened earlier today, and the final vote? when is that supposed to happen? >> no, that gavel is the final. this two-week conference is over. there is a formal signing ceremony april 22nd at the

united nations headquarters in new york city, but this is now international law, but keep in mind n is the tricky part, much of the agreement is voluntary, so that the kcountries who have pledged to keep the global temperature at this degree, and it is that all of the countries who just are recognized global threat to humanity, but it is vol untashgs and it could fall apart. all of the candidates said they do not support this agreement, and they do not support president obama's efforts to support this, and so you could see other regime changes around the world. it is historic, but it is fragile. >> you have said, tony, i could take all night, but it seems that the people came to the final vote agreeing and building

upon what was agreed upon earlier. was anybody willing to be the one person to raise up their hand, and saying, i will throw this thing under the bus? >> this is a triumph for the politicians of franz and for president obama who staked a large part of the legacy to be the first president to truly address climate change. he took the are trip to alaska, and giving speech after speech t trying to bring the world to consensus, and this is evidence that he did so. it is not politically possible for another country on earth to say, we won't get behind this. what we saw here is truly, truly historic, and for 25 years, and in 20 previous sessions like this one, the world came together with similar soaring rhetoric, and similar promises, and it fell apart. this time it came together, and it is a real turning point in the way that the earth addresses the energy need, and from here, the change is only going to get better, and if the goals are approximated in the years ahead,

we are talking about remade world economies, alex. >> this is so exciting and i can tell how thrilled you are, and we are all because it is a huge, huge momentous moment, and tony dekoupi, will there in paris. we will talk to others about more on the details. >> and now, over the texas, as gun advocates will host a mock shooting there at the university of texas in austin which is the site of the first mass shooting on campus nearly 50 years ago, but it is drawing heavy criticism even are from the supporters of conceal ed carry laws. >> i am the first person to say that a person has the right to express themselves, a nd talk about freedom and things off nature, and things that are wrong with the system, but i am # 1 u.n. h% against them doing this event. it is irresponsible, and bad times, and it is childish.

>> joining me now from austin, charles hadlock. what can we expect from the protest, charles? >> well, the protesters are just marched by you, and you blink and you will miss them, because there are three or four or five people with long rifles walking down the street. what they are planning the do in about two hours is to hold a mock mass shooting using a cardboard gun and ketchup to demonstrate what a mass shooting looks like on a college campus, and of course, we have seen it all too much in the last few ye years or so, and especially here on the u.t. campus as you mentioned in 1966, the first mass shooting in u.s. history occurred here in austin when charles whitman climbed to the top of the u.t. tower and shot people with a sniper's gun killing 16 people. but back here to today, this mass shooting is all about the right to carry arms on campus.

the state legislature here in texas passed a campus carry law, and that means that students with a conceal carry law can carry a weapon on campus. and the u.t. board has yet to decide where they can carry the weapons, but the protesters want to carry them anywhere on campus, and they say it will make it safer, because the soft targets, the schools, the shopping centers, and the movie theaters are all places that guns are banned and if people are going to be carrying concealed weapon, it will make students think about it twice before taking on a target like this. but a lot of people are questioning, why here? why now? and so there is a counter protest that going to be taking place today organized by a church across the veet from the university. this is is what the pastor had to say. >> i really thought that the best thing to do was to offer something different.

there is so much noise, and hate and fear in the culture right now. we felt like offering this portico, a safe place of prayer is a way of offering peace and reconciliation and forgiveness. >> so two protests under way in the city of austin. one is supporting guns, and the other is question iing the use. charles hadlock, austin. >> thank you sh, charles. and now, back to the 2016 campaign, with so many republicans in the running, the gop may be considering a brokered convention, and that would happen if no republican candidate gets enough delegates to secure the nomination, and give more political elites with influence on the process. and yesterday, donald trump took out against cruz for his

evangelical roots. and that is after cruz attacked trump. and earlier today, trump had a rally to talk about his talking points. >> the press is not an honest group of people. >> oh, well, joining me now is reuters reporterrin mcpike, and very honest woman, i will say, and me, too. >> you are. >> and let's get to the idea of a brokered convention here, and how likely is that to happen? >> well, alex, i have talked to a number of republicans who are members of the rnc, and those members have put that likelihood at 10 to 15%. they believe it is part of the rncs rules change that they made after the 2012 election, when it took mitt romney so long to secure the nomination, they changed the rules, and say it is even a condensed schedule, and the point is to get a strong nominee, it has the opposite effect. it is a hard slog of a primary

to get through, and it is about a 10 to 115% chance. a possibility, but i would not say that the rnc is considering it, but it is maybe the reality of what happens come june >> and tuck about all of the possible scenarios here. and both donald trump and ben carson have threatened to leave the party if a brokered convention happens. what would happen then? >> that is a great question, and you saw donald trump tweet that 68% of his supporters would follow him into the independent bid if he were to launchf one. it is not a good situation for the republican party. let's just make that clear right now if one of these two candidates is to launch an independent bid. it is almost certain to give the e election to hillary clinton. and of course, the republicans don't want that, but there are some republicans who will say on background, off of the record, that maybe it is a good things because then the republican party could start to clean up going forward into following election. >> and as you know, donald trump, he has in particular had

problem s wi problems with the republican party even in his own state of new york, and why is that relationship so poor? >> well, as you know, the republican party knows that it has had trouble with minority groups, and es ppecially hi hispanics, and they know that i have to increase the share of the latino vote, and some of his comments have turned off those voters. >> erin, a moment, do you believe when the gop has to recognize that the trump is leading? >> alex, next week at this time, donald trump will have been at the top of the polls for five months. i really don't think that in the next week he is going to be dropping 20 point, and somebody is is going to be overtaking him. i don't believe that -- it does not stand to reason at this point that he is not the nominee. i have talked to so many republican consultants, and strategists who say, once people start to paying attention in january, then the race is going to be shifting. that is certainly possible, and

history does show us that numbers move in the last 30 days, but he has so much durability, and the supporters really like him. they have stuck with him, and they, you know, many of them might be new to politics, and new to voting, but it does suggest that many of these voters are are going to be coming out for him. there is a great chance that he is the nominee and the republican party is starting to wake up to that a little bit at the time, and many of them have not fully accepted it, but there is a good chance that he is the nominee, and if not, ted cruz is the one who is rising. and those two are going to be coming to loggerheads, and ted cruz in the last week as he has been talking behind closed doors. and if you read between the lines of what he is saying, h he is not slamming donald trump, but he is making his own case. i have talked to some people within the trump orbit who did not view ted cruz's comments as slamming donald trump.

>> erin mcpike, always interesting. thank you. >> thank you. >> and now, how will the landmark teal in paris accomplish an end to global warming? could you save 1% more of youcome? it doesn't sound like much, but saving an additional 1% now, could make a big difference over time. i'm going to be even better about saving. you can do it, it helps in the long run. prudential bring your challenges okay! fun's over. aw. aw. ♪ thirsty? they said it would make me cool. they don't sound cool to me. guess not. you got to stick up for yourself, like with the name your price tool. people tell us their budget, not the other way around. aren't you lactose intolerant?

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this break news out of paris where a few moments ago, negotiated between nearly 200 countries voted to adopt the most wide reaching guidelines for climate change to date. but after the historic vote, there is a lot of hurdles to clear before it is put into place. and now joining me is gor doon change with the "collapse of china" and also a correspondent for "forbes." what are you seeing here? >> well, this is reminding us of after copenhagen, where we had a total collapse of the talks, but this one is passed and so it is a bottom-up agreement, and not based on the national pledges of

185 countries, so they have said that they will do this, and it is a lot of pressure for them to do so, so i am optimistic that at least over the coming years the framework is put in place today is going to survive and it is going to push the world to lower emissions. >> you say you are optimistic, and you are volunteer -- vol u voluntary, so is there any way to enforce this? >> no. when you look at the kyoto protocol, that last big deal was unenforceable, and no meg nichl for it, but the thing is that the world right now in 2015, there is going to be a decline in the co2 emissions over last year, and this is first time that this has happened in our lifetimes in the absence of global recession. and the reason is that the chinese manufacturing sector is now de-klining. it is going to be declining for a long time, and that really gives the climate negotiators the ability to cement the deal in place while we have momentum.

>> and let me ask you quickly, because the president has tweeted about it, attributing this passage to the core of wha wanted to do the last couple years and it goes back to really 2009 when -- at copenhagen. so, this has been core american policy and clearly without his leadership this would not have occurred. also you have to contribute -- there's leadership that you have to attribute also to two other people, chinese president ping and india's prime minister mohdi and the three of the people who represent the three biggest co2 emitters got together on the same page and i think that was largely because of our president because he made that a priority. >> gordon chang, thank you very much, appreciate it. the san bernardino terror probe is one of the stories we're following today. divers have returned to a lake to search for more evidence. more on the terror probe in a moment.

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president obama today in his weekly address to the nation outlined the military steps the u.s. government is taking to defeat isis. >> our men and women in uniform are stepping up our campaign to destroy isil. our air strikes are hitting isil harder than ever in iraq and syria. we're taking out more of their fighters and leaders, their weapons, their oil tankers. our special operations forces are on the ground because we're going to hunt down these terrorists wherever they try to hide. >> let's bring in the former military analyst at the cia. tara is a research fellow in the international security program at the new america foundation. welcome to you. how effective can the overseas military effort be preventing terror attacks in this country like the one we saw in san bernardino? >> well, i think what you need to see is both efforts simultaneously working together. there's two parts to the counterisis strategy. part is the air strikes and the coalition building and the thing you've seen president obama speaking about. the other part is the domestic law enforcement side of the

equation, homeland security, intelligence sharing, the visa waiver legislation that passed the house earlier this week. those are things here at home that we need to see happening in conjunction with the overseas strategy and both are equally important. >> this report i'm sure you're familiar with it was released last month by the new america foundation and it says for the foreseeable future isis-inspired violence will pose the most likely threat to the united states. is this a war that has to be fought on more than one front? does the u.s. also have to fight some sort of battle of ideas and philosophy here? >> yeah, the fight against isis isn't just about overseas, it's what's happening culturally and online, and countering extremism overseas and also, you know, offices at the state department working on countering violent extremism and shutting down the messages and propaganda that are appealing to disillusioned younger people around the globe that have found ice sis' message very appealing.

>> you talk about the online component. can social media companies like facebook and twitter, can they really do anything to block isis-related communication through their services? >> do you know what, they really can and they actually have been doing quite a bit to date. over the past year we've seen twitter cracking down on isis-supporting accounts. is and they've been carrying out suspensions and we do have to remember these are tech companies they're not the state department or the cia or the fbi, so they rely on, you know, cooperation with law enforcement agencies in order to make these things happen and they rely on community members to flag material. they don't have teams of security analysts so there's a practicality element to it that makes it quite different cicult think you've seen a good faith effort with twitter turning over information as requested. and fbi director comey said they have complied with a number of requests. the encryption issue, what will happen with that and the backdoor entry to encryption,

that affects companies like google and apple. that a wrap, everyone, and i'll see you right back here at noon eastern. up next, "caught on camera." there's something out there. that can be serious, even fatal to infants. it's whooping cough, and people can spread it without knowing it.

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