for the ul label. it means the product has passed strict u.s. inspections. advances in battery technology make it easier than ever to communicate, travel, and grab a quick nicotine fix. but experts want you to be aware of the dangers and mindful of your personal safety. life can turn terrifying in an instant. you're trapped in a raging wildfire. >> hopefully she makes it out. >> your day cruise turns deadly. you're caught in the crosshairs of a man with a gun, even ordinary routines can become struggles to stay alive. >> oh, my god. oh, my god. >> oh, no. oh, no. >> survival is not a game, but you do need a game plan. you have multiple options, but only seconds to choose. what will be your split second

decision? it's a popular excursion for ocean-loving fun seekers the world over commonly called a booze cruise because the cost includes unlimited alcohol. alexis is one of more than 100 people piled onto this multilevel cat ma ran for the trip. it's a hot day, and most of the passengers are on the top deck enjoying the shade of the canopy. but then less than 30 minutes into the trip, strong winds and waves force the boat to turn back and the crew issues an unspecified distress signal. >> about five minutes after they turn the boat around, they start handing out life jackets. all of a sudden the boat is tilted. they say everybody run to this side of the boat. >> alexis continues recording as

the party vibe quickly turns to confusion. >> i'm just kind of sitting in the middle and i'm going, okay, this is strange. >> and things are about to get a whole lot worse. >> oh, my god. >> suddenly the boat makes a hard tilt. with only seconds before disaster, would you know what to do? the boat you're on is leaning, taking on water. should you, a, help slower passengers off first so they don't become trapped. b, immediately dive into the ocean and swim away from the boat. or c, find something sturdy and hold on for as long as you can. >> once water starts coming in over the transom, the stern of the boat, the boat is singing. hanging onto that table isn't going to keep you above water. if you're stuck under that canopy and your world is upside down, you're going to die. >> you have to do something.

in this case what might seem selfish could mean survival. >> before you can help anybody else, you have to help yourself. >> for that reason, a is the wrong decision. >> if you're just barely hanging on for survival, that might be all you can do is just plop in the water and survive and try to find the surface. >> there was absolutely no time for me to even think about anything but the fact that i needed to swim and to get out and to get off of this boat. >> the correct answer is b, immediately dive in and swim away from the boat. but for alexis and 100 other tourists it's too late to jump. as the vessel sinks, this woman fights to keep her children together. alexis struggles to break free as the boat floor bangs against

her head. >> my biggest concern was big stuck underneath the canopy. i just thought to myself i'm not dying today, and i just swam. >> with her go pro camera still recording, alexis escapes the wreck, but the nightmare isn't over yet. >> by the time my head popped out of the water, the boat was gone. there was no boat to be seen. >> now passengers are left clinging to wreckage, stranded in open ocean, and facing a horrific reality. >> i think she's dead. >> what? >> i think she's dead. a man in the water exploding. >> now what? your boat has capsized and you're stranded in open ocean. should you, a, swim for shore if you can see it? b, lose your water logged clothes so they don't weigh you

down. or c, stay with the wreckage? >> if somebody were to swim off on their own, they could get off their target pretty easily by ocean currents and wind and waves. >> so even if you're an excellent swimmer, a is a risky proposition, but what about option b? true or false, your clothes can actually help you keep afloat. believe it or not, the answer is true. it's an old sailor's survival trick. if you lose your life jacket, tie the legs of your pants into a knot, fill them with air, and wrap it around your head. since even those water logged clothes can function as a flotation device, b is the wrong decision. that makes your best chance at getting saved in this scenario option c. >> if the boat sinks, stay with the wreckage because that's what any search and rescue crew from the air is going to see. they're going to see the wreckage. they're going to see the boat.

>> after more than an hour, boats responding to the emergency distress signal arrive for the grateful survivors. >> i remember giving the guy a hug when i got back to the land. yes, i'm on solid ground now. >> sadly three passengers lose their lives in the accident. a fate experts say you may be able to avoid with just a little planning. >> it takes five seconds of half thought just to be prepared for something. what you've done when you've done that is you've planted that seed in the back of your head something goes wrong. so if something goes wrong, you react to it. >> experts urge you to follow these tips. jump away from the sinking boat. stay with the wreckage so rescuers can find you. and most importantly be prepared for the worst before it happens. >> if you're not prepared for it, if you're not trained for it, you have no choice but to

panic. >> middletown, california. a normally quiet community of 1300 residents about 70 miles north of san francisco. that all changed on september 12th, 2015, after months of unusually dry heat. an enormous wildfire erupts. >> the trees and the topography and the type of material that was burned has not burned in many, many years which contributed to the fast rate spread of flame. >> get in the car. >> 16-year-old eric marx was watching the inferno from his grandmother's house in middletown when suddenly -- >> i saw the fire jump the road. so i told everyone let's go, let's go, let's go.

>> go. >> with choking smoke closing in from all sides, eric's relatives take off for other vehicles. as the brothers approach a nearby highway, they run straight into a wall of flames. >> hold on. >> what the [ bleep ]! >> go, go, go. oh, god. >> it's fire on the highway and you're in the hot seat. and later, how would you fare during an attack by an armed intruder? >> it looked like for some reason this was going to be the day that i die. somebody sent someone to kill me. it's like mango chutney and burnt hair. no thank you, i have a very sensitive palate. just try it! guys, i think we should hurry up. if you taste something bad, you want someone else to try it. it's what you do. i can't get the taste out of my mouth!

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i'm a substation electrician my nwith pg&e.ck varela. when i was 17 years old, signed up for the united states army and i started serving and i now get to serve the customers of pg&e. i get to help other families. and that's what it's all about. when i came back from iraq, couldn't find work. then i found pg&e's power pathway program. here at pg&e i'm successful living in eureka with our two beautiful kids with a brand new career all because of the power pathway program. if you are a veteran, go to pge.com/powerpathway and hopefully your life will change like mine did. together, we're building a better california. the valley fire in september 2015 is rapidly engulfing middletown, california.

♪ >> get in the car! >> 16-year-old eric marks is watching the inferno from his grandmother's house in middletown -- >> go! >> when suddenly the massive inferno is blocking all exits. >> oh, god. >> so what would you do? you're fleeing a burning town when you suddenly find your exit blocked by flames. should you, a, ditch the car and flee on foot, b, drive around and find a structure to hide inside or c, step on the gas and power through? with the flames rising, you might be tempted to step on it. >> a running vehicle itself when it becomes overcome by a large amount of smoke will eventually shut off and could stall, and based on that, you may be in an area that you may become trapped.

so by staying in that vehicle you have only moments of some fresh air until that vehicle's actually overcome by smoke and fire. >> and making a run for it isn't much better. >> you should not flee on foot. you most likely would be safer in a structure that would protect you for a matter of moments rather being in the direct line of the wildfire. that fire front will move over you very rapidly, and you have a better chance of survivability by putting yourself inside of a structure. >> the correct answer is b, but if no structure is available, there is another option. >> the best sort of escape in a vehicle is to find some sort of open area that has a low fuel, that has some dirt around it, that does not have something that will burn. you certainly want to try to stay away from any trees. you want to get yourself as low to the ground as you possibly can and hopefully that fire front will pass and you will be able to survive it. >> hopefully she makes it out.

>> in the chaos, eric and his brother lose contact with their family. panicked, they decide to stay in their car and try to reach the nearby highway, but it doesn't take long to realize their mistake. >> there was fire hitting the window, embers. you could barely see five feet in front of you, even with the headlights. and so we were just driving, and we were driving on what we thought the road was. the entire engine compartment caught on fire, the wheels caught on fire. our feet, we could feel the flames burning the metal and the plastic under the car. we could see the smoke coming up into the holes and ventilation and it was just pouring out black smoke. >> you've made a risky choice of staying in your car to drive through an inferno. to increase your chances, should

you, a, open the windows to prevent glass from shattering in the high heat, b, keep the windows closed or c, open the window slightly and then cover them with any materials available? >> you shouldn't cover any vehicle with window coverings due to the fact that those are combustible materials and those materials itself will start to catch fire just based on the radiated heat. >> and rolling down your windows will only let the elements in faster. so if you chose b, you made the correct decision. keep those windows closed. >> what you want to try and do is stay encapsulated inside that vehicle as best as you possibly can. it's imperative that you ensure the windows are fully closed and visibility is going to be maintained and it will be difficult to see, but what you need to do is slow down as best as you can and ensure that you have space with you and possibly another vehicle in front of you. >> after losing track of their relatives, eric and his brother barely make it through the firestorm, escaping their car just seconds before it is enf l

engulfed in flames. turns out their mother is nearby and witnesses their escape from the vehicle. >> what i see is the kids, you know, with the car burning. i was panicking. i was shaking for the whole commotion that was happening, but just to think that i'm going to lose them i was feeling numb, but i got out and ran to them. >> eric and his extended family make it out, but his grandmother's house is totally destroyed along with 60% of middletown's other homes. in the end, several firefighters suffered severe burns and four civilians lost their lives. >> i do think it's a miracle that we survived. it was the scariest thing of my life, and it always will be. nothing can top that. >> to avoid finding yourself in such a dire scenario, it's critical to always listen for evacuation orders and remember the following survival tips. if driving, keep headlights and hazard lights on and close your windows. if trapped, find a structure to

take cover inside or find an open area and lay down. avoid fleeing a wildfire on foot. it will be moving too fast. as climate change causes drought-stricken areas to increase across the u.s., natural disasters like the middletown blaze could become more common. remembering these tips may be your key to staying cool under fire. >> go! go! >> the department of justice reports about 3 million home burglaries every year. some criminals will wait for you to leave for work. then rob your house in broad daylight as demonstrated in this video. others are bold enough to strike even when you are at home and that's when things can get really dangerous. >> sometimes you're going to make that split-second decision to either fight that person or to get away from that person. >> this woman decides to fight. she grabs her own weapon and

fires at the intruders who escape out the window with several valuable items, but what happens when they're armed and you are not? san francisco resident bill oxadean is about to find out. bill is in his garage when an armed man suddenly rushes in. >> he looked like a hitman to me. it looked like for some reason this is going to be the day that i die. someone sent someone to kill me. a gunman threatens you in your own home. you're unarmed. what's the first thing that you should do? a, get your body away from the gun barrel. b, go on the attack, aiming for the assailant's body. or c, try to take the gun out of his hand. not everyone is strong enough to fight, but royal gagnon who

teaches krau magau, a form of self-defense, offers this tip. >> when i have the moment to react when he's not expecting it when he looks left or right my goal is to go sideways. >> the correct answer is a. watch for the right opportunity and then get away from the gun barrel. don't discount decisions b and c because they're the next steps to surviving an armed assault. >> number two, i have to remember the weak spots of the body. i have to strike to the weak spots. in this case i can do a knee to the groin. bill's technique isn't textbook. like many of us, he doesn't have formal self-defense training. >> i wasn't letting up. i wanted that gun, i need it, and i'm going to have it. >> acting on instinct, bill fights for the gun and his life, but it's a battle he fears he might lose. >> it was an insane pandemonium. it seemed like forever. you never want to get in a struggle for that long. >> true or false? each year nearly 1 million burglaries happen when someone is home. the answer is true, and of those incidents, 25% of occupants are

violently attacked like bill. >> you want to keep in mind that you might need to fight for your life right now, and basically it's going to be life or death. it's going to be you or him. who is it going to be? >> him or me. that's what my drive, my will and determination was. i'm not going to die today. >> they're there to harm you as a person. i would do whatever i could to get the gun away from the guy. >> finally, bill grabs the intruder's weapon and runs away. unfortunately, the would-be robber does, too. still holding the weapon, bill runs inside to call 911, but is that the best decision? >> keep in mind, he's the good guy in the situation, but a responding officer may not know that if you're standing on the street and you've got a gun in your hand and you're not wearing a uniform. you're vulnerable. >> our experts offer the

following tips to save your life if confronted by an armed intruder. as police arrive, put down the gun and make sure they don't mistake you for the assailant. when confronted, move your body away from the barrel of the gun, hit them in the groin, eyes or throat and take the gun. >> i could have been dead. i could have been gone. this could have been the end of the story. >> without warning, home invasions can happen right in the middle of your daily routine, so even on familiar ground, stay alert to your surroundings. >> you're caught in a flash flood. >> i'm up in a tree. >> can you survive the surge? oh, my god. oh, my god. >> and falling asleep at the wheel can be your worst nightmare.

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as a health services and innovation company optum powers modern healthcare by connecting every part of it. so while the world keeps searching for healthier we're here to make healthier happen. flash floods are one of nature's most terrifying and unpredictable phenomena. massive surges of water rushing down canyons can turn small creeks into raging rivers and city streets into swirling death traps.

>> the most vulnerable terrain is one where water is coming out of a canyon, and if you have a thundercloud pour all kinds of water into a narrow canyon, the walls cause the water levels to be higher. and if there is a road in front of it, all of a sudden some unsuspected motorist is hit by several feet of water, which is going to be fatal in many cases. >> [ bleep ]. >> on average, 127 people die in flash and river floods each year in the u.s. alone, and according to the national weather service about half of those fatalities involve vehicles. >> for some reason moving water attracts people and they think, well, i'm in a big heavy, two or three-ton vehicle, and i can drive across this and they get fooled. >> in austin, texas, 30-year-old kerry packer is driving home during a midday storm when his car is swept up by a flash flood.

>> it was raining intensely and so it was extremely difficult to see, and then the next thing i know i kind of crash into a wall of water. it comes up over the hood of my car. i had no control of the vehicle. the floodwater was taking me wherever it wanted to go. >> it's flooding here, but the good news is that although my car almost tipped over on its top, it didn't. >> normally i take that route every day and probably driven it a hundred times. there's no standing water or creeks or rivers or anything like that. normally, it's just a dry area. >> so you can see i'm floating down some sort of creek. >> true or false. it takes at least four feet of rushing water to carry away most vehicles. the answer is false. according to fema, it takes just

two feet of rushing water to move away the biggest suvs and pickups. and six inches can knock you off your feet. >> most everybody's been in the ocean and they've been pounded by a huge wave and they feel that force and they can't get up until the water recedes and a moving water river or stream or flight control channel does not give you that relief and that force is constantly on you and that's when most of your drownings occur. >> you are trapped in your car and being carried away in a flash flood. what should be your first move? a, unbuckle your seat belt and open the windows. b, push open the door and swim awe way -- away from the car. or c, keep the windows rolled up and stay with the car. >> you're not going to be able to push the door open against the weight of that water. remember how heavy that water is. remember it's an incompressible fluid. it doesn't just push aside like you do the air when you open the door. so that door will pretty much be staying closed. >> which makes b an impossible

decision and staying with the car is no better. >> the car is basically a death trap. you've rolled the windows down so the water is going to come in at some point. the only way you're going to get out is getting out through that window at some point and that's your trick. how do you get free of the car before the car is no longer a nice floating boat? >> i've called 911. they told me to roll down my windows and hopefully they'll be here soon. >> though it may seem counterintuitive, the answer is a. unbuckle your seat belt and open your windows. but now you have another split-second decision to make. after several minutes your car is filling with water through the windows and air vents. you're beginning to sink. should you, a, exit the car through the window and start swimming. b, climb on to the roof of the car. or c, grab onto a tree or passing structure through the open window. >> if i was getting into

floodwater, that's completely unpredictable. there's obstacles, dead trees, fences, whatever it may be under that water that you can't see that if i were to try to swim, i was probably going to die. >> even if he's the best of swimmers, it doesn't matter. that water is very, very dangerous and even challenging for the experts and the people like us that train in it all of the time. >> as with swimming, climbing on the roof can also be dangerous. you can shift the weight and tip the whole car over or it could roll naturally. either way you're trapped. >> oh, my god. oh, my god. >> the answer is c, grab onto a tree or passing structure through the open window. >> is there something you can grab? is there a post nearby that you can reach out and grab or if the car floats over against a wall or something, be prepared to spring on to the window and grab onto that wall? you have to split-second

thinking and you need to climb to safety, but what are you going to grab ahold of? just be ready to make that decision in an instant because that car is floating on by. >> i was very fortunate because i passed right by a small tree, so i reached my arms out the window and grabs onto that tree and pulled myself out. not 20 seconds later, my car hits a couple of trees head on and it's just gone. >> kerry climbs a tree, but with floodwaters rising, he's still far from safety. >> i'm up in a tree because my car, which is no longer visible under the water, was swept into the creek. and everything around me is water as you can see. >> there was a very large snake that climbed up a tree near my tree and he's trying to escape the floodwaters, as well. so everything, every living thing in that area is trying to get out of this disaster.

>> kerry called his wife who called 911. and after five hours shivering in the tree, he was rescued by a helicopter. he was lucky. >> when people are used to driving a certain road and in this day and age, they're always busy. and i have to get here, got to get there, and i'm used to driving that road. and you see a little bit of water on that road and you don't give it enough respect. water has more power than most people realize. the saying turn around, don't drown. i hope everyone has heard that one. please, don't just hear it. put it in your mind. >> here i am, about two weeks after the accident once the floodwaters had completely

receded. i hiked out to the area. my car was still there, laying on its side and it was just completely demolished. >> this is the tree that saved my life. >> actually, when i was up in that tree saved some of the seeds from the tree in my pocket and i have those at home ready to plant when i find the right place. >> i was all the way in the very top. >> if you encounter fast-moving floodwaters, take note of the following split-second tips. open your windows. at first opportunity, climb out of your window to safety, but first and foremost, never try to walk, swim or drive through floodwater. turn around, don't drown. by following these rules you can save lives including your own when facing a flash flood. look at this! oh, my god. >> terror at 50 feet. >> you can feel the heat. >> and later, the hazards of batteries overheating. ♪

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hi, i'm richard lui. a vigil was held tonight to promote solidarity near the white house. the attendee said it was not about protesting donald trump, but about coming together instead. everyone is safe after multiple shots were fired at a local mall. we'll continue watching that. for now, back to "split second decision." almost half a million fires ignite each year in u.s. buildings. that's according to the national fire protection association. it's an average of one fire every minute of every day. in houston, texas, fire breaks out at a five-story apartment

complex under construction. a worker climbs the roof to investigate and by then the fire is too big to extinguish and it gets worse. the worker tries to find his way down, but ends up trapped here on this balcony. >> this guy is on the ledge. oh! look at this. oh, my god. >> you can feel the heat. >> and if they can feel it across the street, he can definitely feel it on the balcony. >> there is a period of time where if the room becomes consumed with hot heat, then absolutely you can breathe that air in and it can actually burn your lung tissues as it's going down. with every passing second, the temperature rises and the danger grows. >> oh, my jesus. oh, my god. >> this construction worker is minutes from burning to death. he needs to make a decision, and he needs to make it now. could you handle the heat? you're trapped by fire and smoke on the upper floor of a building. what's your first move?

should you, a, try to crawl back through the building, staying low to the ground. b, call 911 and sit tight until help arrives. or do you, c, jump for it? aim for a tree, bush or something else that will cushion the fall. >> what we find is that a lot of civilians that are caught in these types of environments make poor decisions. instead of finding and understanding their environment and having a pre-planned escape route, they usually will either go back to where the fire is or get caught in an area where the fire is soon consumed. >> as for jumping, he's five stories up with only concrete below. >> there are survivable falls at the fifth floor and there are non-survivable falls on the fifth floor.

depending on the individual and what you land on. >> even if you suspect someone has called for you, the correct answer is b, sit tight and call 911. but you're not out of danger yet. firefighters are coming, but you need to make a decision before they arrive. what should you do? a, lower yourself to another floor of the building from a window, door, or balcony. b, get on your stomach or lay low. or c, cover your mouth and any exposed skin to protect yourself from smoke and flames. >> you have to imagine yourself cooking at home and opening your oven. most people cook about 350 degrees. and you figure a fire anywhere from 700 to 800 to 1,000 degrees. >> true or false, flames can burn skin without even making contact. the answer is true. even if the actual flames never touch you, prolonged exposure to extreme heat is enough to scorch skin even through your clothes. >> it becomes what we call thermal burns and due to the heat of that fire your skin could start burning. you could start developing redness based on the heat to a

point where your skin starts to blister. >> so while experts say you should drop to the floor and cover your skin if you're initially trapped in a fire, those decisions aren't effective when time is running out. >> dropping to his belly really wouldn't buy him much more time. however, what you can do, as low as you get, you always have more moments of a little more safety than you would if you were standing up. >> the correct answer is a, if you can, lower yourself to another floor. with only seconds left before the fire reaches him, the construction workers make a split-second decision to drop from the fifth floor to the fourth floor. >> he had the ability to make that decision and obviously not everybody will be able to do that. >> he buys himself more time, but not much. the fire captain frantically

waves his arms and motions for the driver to close the distance between the balcony and the ladder. >> lowering himself to the balcony below is buying him some time, just minutes. what you also have to compromise his safety is not only the fire consuming the floor that he's on, but also the structural integrity of that building. >> sensing the ladder is already strained, the fireman tells his partner to get back. >> back up! >> then with a good two feet left -- >> the stress he's putting on that ladder if he jumps and that ladder happens to bounce up and down at that tip of that ladder, has a significant risk of ladder failure which would jeopardize everybody's life. >> yes! thank jesus. thank you, god! >> they appear safe, but it's not over yet. just as the engine driver swings the ladder wide. >> look out!

>> oh, my god! >> the top floor collapses, missing both the rescuer and the rescued by inches. the construction worker survives with second-degree burns and a sprained ankle. thankfully no one else was injured. if you're trapped by fire, our experts want you to remember these tips. call 911, and tell them your exact location. don't assume someone else did it for you. never head back into the fire. get low to the ground and cover exposed skin. watch for falling debris. if you don't want to become a statistic, plan ahead and stay alive. >> oh, no! oh, my god! a driver starts to drift. >> no, wake up! >> and you're about to become collateral damage. r just floats.

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aaa says nearly 5,000 people die on roads each year in accidents like this. and drivers who are less alert react more slowly and even fall asleep. >> drowsy driving are just as dangerous as drunk driving. both will impair your ability to multitask which is really important when you're driving. >> could our never-ending drive

to keep going be putting lives in danger? our taxi owner catches his employee from nodding off for just a second. could this have been avoided? true or false, caffeinated energy drinks will keep you awake while driving. the answer is false. >> caffeine may be a short fix, but the best thing you can do is plan ahead, get that good sleep before you start driving and find an alternative like a ride share or friend to drive for you. >> experts say tired drivers experience something called microsleeps and most of us call it spacing out. no amount of caffeine can stop it. monday morning in uniontown, pennsylvania. they are out on a delivery when they spot a white suv driving erratically. >> still swerving. all along the road.

>> my first initial thoughts that i had was that i hope that she's not on anything and if she is, i hope she pulls over, and i actually got my phone out and started recording because it made me really nervous, and i wanted to get it on camera in case anything bad happened. >> i don't know if they're drunk or what's going on. >> i had kevin which was the driver to call 911. >> you notice a car repeatedly swerving. you've already called 911. your next step should be to, a, pass the car so that you can alert oncoming drivers up ahead. b, get close enough to signal the driver with a honk or flashing lights. or c, slow down and follow at a distance. >> we were trying to honk the horn at her, but she was in her own little zone and she was nonresponsive to anybody and other cars on the road were hanking their horns at her and she was just driving, trying to get to her destination, i guess. >> option b is the wrong decision. at best, it won't work. at worst -- >> by getting closer to that vehicle, you risk the chance of them doing something that you're

not able to react in time to and yourself getting in an accident. >> the suv stops at a light. it seems like the perfect chance to pull ahead and alert other drivers. but if you choose a, you never want to pass someone driving erratically and they can make a sudden move and crash into you. the most important thing if you do see an erratic driver is keep the distance. >> the correct answer is c, slow down and stay back. the farther the better. this erratic driver hits close to 60 miles per hour and the car veers into the opposite lane, forcing a truck onto the shoulder. then the driver slows down and hits the left turn signal. they think they're final owe out of danger.ut of danger. >> i knew it was coming.

>> are you okay? >> i'm fine. yeah, i'm fine. i'm fine. i'm fine. >> my adrenaline was pumping so fast and so much that i didn't feel anything. the only thing i could think of was to get out of the truck and make sure everybody else was okay. >> turns out the erratic driver had just come off the overnight shift. they are both treated for whiplash and the other drivers survive with undisclosed injuries. experts offer these tips to stop drowsy driving. don't drive if you're tired. pull off and take a nap or have another plan to get home. if you see a driver acting erratically, call 911 immediately. keep a safe distance between yourself and other vehicles. >> if you're tired and driving, first and foremost you shouldn't drive. the consequences are going to be dire. >> for anybody who is on the road and they feel like they're tired in any way, shape, or form, stop and reevaluate your

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so-called hover boards are the newest way to scoot around the neighborhood. but this popular gadget is literally exploding across the country. the consumer products safety commission recorded at least 60 hover board fires between november 2015 and july 2016. they all have one thing in common. >> everything uses lithium ion battery because they can take a charge. they don't really build up a memory to a charge. >> true or false.

lithium ion batteries need a full 100% charge to work properly. the answer is false and here's why. traditional batteries die a little bit every time you use them. and if the charge drops below 50%, you might as well just throw them away because they're not going to recover. lithium ion batteries use the same amount of energy whether you have 80% or 10% power and you don't have to fully recharge them every time. just get what you need and go. but longer battery life comes with risks because the liquid inside the batteries is highly flammable. in china, a woman's smartphone explodes while she's charging the battery, and in this kentucky gas station a man's e-cigarette catches fire in his pocket. the problem is the batteries can

overheat, then detonate shooting potentially dangerous debris in all directions. thankfully not all lithium ion batteries are created equal and consumers can protect themselves by looking for the underwriters laboratory or ul label. they've tested lithium ion batteries and created safety standards for thousands of products, and they post the results on their website. so if they haven't tested it, you shouldn't buy the product. but even a ul label doesn't guarantee a product is safe. in september 2016, samsung voluntarily recalled the galaxy note 7 after lithium ion batteries caught fire for some users. timothy, a self-described gadget guy, is about to have his own dangerously charged encounter right outside his front door. >> hover board is on fire. what is going on, dude? it was such a small fire at the time. i thought when it happened, when it was going on, i thought i can get this myself. >> i would suggest you call 911 in case anything happens because it could spread.

>> your battery powered device is on fire. your first step is to call 911, but what should you do next? a, use a fire extinguisher. b, pour water on it. or c, smother it with baking soda. >> when the fire happened, i panicked. i yelled for my mom. we tried to smother it with baking soda. as soon as we put the baking soda on it, it sounded like it just ignited it. just ignited itit. >> baking soda is a common way to stop a grease fire in your kitchen, but it is not even the best way. our experts recommend you stop the fire with a lid. c is the wrong option. suddenly the situation escalates with dangerous consequences. >> in the video, we only see that one shoot out, but i found like four or five batteries scattered.

>> when you're dealing with flammable liquids under pressure, you have no idea what's going to happen. it can go this way. it can go that way. it can explode. it can just off gas. there's all kinds of things that can happen. >> when the battery started shooting out of it, one shot out and it shot directly over the top of my sneakers and it burned my shoes. like melted them. >> timothy grabs water and pours it onto the hover board. it works. the fire is out. but was that really the best decision? >> water is not a good idea because you're dealing with electronics. if you get water on it, then you're going to be dealing with possibly getting shocked. >> after calling 911, your next step should be to grab a fire extinguisher. >> that's why the extinguisher is there, for civilians to actually use them. >> i didn't know what to do. >> the fire is out, but timothy is staring at an unstable

situation, so he doesn't have any time to waste. your lithium battery device is damaged beyond repair. how do you dispose of it? do you, a, take it to a recycling center. b, call the fire department. or c, return it to the store or the manufacturer. >> these are electronics. we don't just throw electronics away. they have to be disposed of properly. >> notify the seller, but don't send it back. in fact, don't handle it at all as the device could reignite. the correct answer is b, call the fire department. >> unless you're trained how to handle such a fire and know exactly what you're dealing with, i would let someone that actually knows what they're doing deal with it. >> but if you do find yourself battling an exploding battery, experts offer the following tips to minimize the damage. call 911. use your fire extinguisher. give it to the fire department for safe disposal. before you buy a device, look for the ul label.

it means the product has passed strict u.s. inspections. advances in battery technology make it easier than ever to communicate, travel, and grab a quick nicotine fix. but experts want you to be aware of the dangers and mindful of your personal safety. defiant, dangerous, and desperate. they are suspects who won't go down without a fight. whether riding down the road in a fiery truck -- >> don't even think about it. >> -- or jumping off a bridge. each in their own way, defied the rules, clashed with police, and paid the price. >> shots fired.