just this past week as we discussed the situations that have led to the protests around our country. i can't fix centuries of racism in our country, nor can i fix decades of discrimination that may have impacted members of our air force. i want the wisdom and knowledge to lead, participate in, and listen to necessary conversations on racism, diversity, and inclusion. i want to hear what you're thinking about and how together we can make a difference. >> that is your new air force chief of staff, general charles brown to take us off the air tonight. and that is our broadcast on this tuesday night. thank you so very much for being here with us as always. on behalf of my colleagues at the networks of nbc news, good night from our temporary field headquarters. thanks to you at home for joining us this hour. at the church today in houston, you could see it. we love you, george painted on pieces of cardboard, propped up

along the bushes outside the site of george floyd's funeral. today mr. floyd's family, his friends, people he played football with in school, they all gathered one last time today at his funeral in houston before he was laid to rest this afternoon next to his mother in the city where he grew up. from floyd's casket remained open today during the service in a way that has had people calling back to the funeral for emmett till, who of course was the 14-year-old who was brutally lynched and murdered in 1955. at his funeral more than 50 years ago, emmett till's mother famously demanded that the casket be left open deliberately so everybody could see what his killers had done to her son. it was a private service today for george floyd. mourners who could not attend instead lined the streets outside, waiting for his funeral procession to drive by, holding signs that said "rest in peace." george floyd had five kids.

he had siblings. he had aunts and uncles. he had cousins. he had a niece. the arrival of his family today for his funeral was a painful reminder of who he left behind. they were all dressed in white so it was easy to see who they were in the crowd. today george floyd's family spoke about his life, not just about those last nearly nine minutes when he died. they talked about how they called him perry, which was his middle name, how they called him their superman, their protective umbrella, and they talked about getting justice for his death. >> hello. my name is brooke williams, george floyd's niece, and i can breathe. as long as i'm breathing, justice will be served for perry. the officer showed no remorse while watching my uncle's soul leave his body. he begged and pleaded many times just for you to get up, but you just pushed harder. why must this system be corrupt and broken? laws were already put in place

for the african-american system to fail. these laws need to be changed. no more hate crimes, please. someone said make america great again. but when has america ever been great? [ applause ] >> my little brother, my little brother was a friend. he was a mentor. he was a father. he was a basketball player. he was a football player. but most of all, he was a human being. when the family came to me and asked me, is you going to speak, i will speak. i will keep on speaking. i will fight. i will fight. i will fight because i've been fighting for him, and i will keep on fighting for him. >> those men that stood on my

brother neck changed the world. they took somebody from us that was great. when i say great, i never heard him complain, not one time. he was an umbrella to all of us. he was 6'6". any rain came our way, he made sure that he could cover for us. from the home to jack yates high, he was everybody's shelter, everybody's shelter. >> george floyd, 6'6", human umbrella. he said he was everybody's shelter. at mr. floyd's funeral today in houston, there were speeches from members of congress and from the mayor of houston, who announced that he would be leaving the funeral to go sign police reform legislation. former vice president joe biden gave a speech by video after

meeting with the floyd family yesterday, talked about the burden of grief. and then there was the reverend al sharpton, who delivered a rousing, raw, emotional eulogy for mr. floyd. in the crowd today were the mothers and sisters and family members of other african-americans who have been killed by police. reverend sharpton asked them all to stand up. >> the father of trayvon martin, will you stand. the mother of eric garner, will you stand. [ applause ] the sister of botham jean, will you stand. >> he asked them to stand today to be recognized at this funeral because of what they have been through before and what the floyd family is going through now. the size and the scope and the

volume level of the national response to what happened to george floyd is another testament to that. >> if you had any idea that all of us would react, you would have took your knee off his neck. if you had any idea that everybody from those in the third ward to those in hollywood would show up in houston and minneapolis and in fayetteville, north carolina, wouyou would ha took your knee off his neck. if you had any idea that preachers white and black was going to line up in a pandemic when we were told to stay inside, and we'd come out and march in the streets at the risk of our health, you'd have took your knee off his neck because you thought his neck didn't mean nothing.

but god made his neck to connect his head to his body, and you had no right to put your knee on that neck. >> after this emotional funeral today, george floyd was brought to his final resting place to be buried next to his mother. he was brought there in a horse-drawn carriage, supporters lining the road on either side. and yet, still, 15 days after he was killed, in every corner of the country, there are still protests in the streets. this was new york and washington, d.c. and los angeles and minneapolis today. protests ongoing this evening. we've got, i believe, live pictures from both denver and phoenix right now where things are still going on. it's been an incredible day, an

emotional day. and simultaneous to that, one of the other things we watched all day today was another way to measure the health of our country and our democracy today. and that was the utterly predictable, absolutely terrible situation when it came to people of all races, but particularly black people today, trying to vote in the great state of georgia. you may have seen some of the headlines about this in the national press today. i want to show you some coverage from georgia-based reporter blayne alexander for "nbc nightly news" tonight. >> reporter: this is primary day in georgia. lines in atlanta stretching for blocks. some standing in the rain, forced to wait hours to cast a ballot. >> you've been here about three hours. >> i'm not leaving. >> you're not leaving. >> until i'm done. >> why are you so intent upon staying here? >> it's important. it's important for me. it's important for my son. >> so we're going on that four-hour mark. >> reporter: georgia unveiling

new voting machines statewide right in the midst of a pandemic. >> several of the machines were broken. it seemed like maybe half of the machines were down. >> it was a disappointment. this is something that should have been checked yesterday. >> reporter: the biggest problems in metro atlanta, specifically areas with higher black populations. >> blayne alexander reporting for "nbc nightly news" tonight. i should mention that blayne alexander herself voted at her home precinct in georgia today, and she says that she herself waited more than two hours in line. she says there were, for her whole precinct, there were four voting machines that were working and one poll worker to check people in. she waited more than two hours. but what's happened in georgia today has been front-page, national news all day alongside everything else that has happened today. at politico.com, this was the headline. quote, a hot, flaming mess. georgia primary beset by chaos and long lines. on the front page of "the washington post," in georgia, primary day snarled by long

lines, problems with voting machines, a professionotential f november. on the front page of the "wall street journal" n a warning for november, voters endure long lines in georgia's primary election. "the new york times" has been front-paging the sbaituation in georgia all day today. i refuse not to be heard. georgia in uproar over voting meltdown. jar georgia's statewide primary elections on thursday were overwhelmed by a full-squal melt down of new voting systems put in place after widespread claims of voter suppression. scores of new state-ordered voting machines were reported to be missing or malfunctioning. hours-long lines materialized at polling places across georgia. some people gave up and left before casting a ballot, and concerns spread that the problems would disenfranchise untold voters, particularly african-americans. predominantly black areas experienced some of the worst

problems. now, here's where "the times" got their headline on this piece today. quote, in atlanta's old fourth ward, the neighborhood where the reverend dr. martin luther king jr. grew up, marneia mitchell arrived at her polling place before polls were to open at 7:00 a.m. she thought it was early enough to vote fast, avoid trouble, and get on with her day. three hours later, she was still waiting in line, having moved about 60 feet from where she had started. at first voters were told the machines were not functioning. then they were told that poll workers didn't have the passwords necessary to operate them. the line stretched three long city blocks and comprised hundreds ever voters, a multi-cultural crowd in one of the city's most cosmopolitan boroughs, many masked, some in lawn chairs, everyone sweating as the temperature pushed toward 90 degrees. ms. mitchell, age 50, a stationary design, who is african-american, was livid. she said, quote, it's disgusting. it's despicable. around the corner, retiree terry russell had also been waiting

for three hours. she leaned on a beach chair that a do-gooder had offered her. ms. russell, who wore a mask, said that she has bronchitis and asthma and that she wararely le the house even when there was no pandemic. she said she requested an absentee ballot but never received one. she said, quote, i refuse not to be heard, and so i'm standing in line. what happened today in georgia, what's still happening into the night tonight in georgia, is something that everybody saw coming from multiple vantage points, even just in the immediate past. in that 2018 governor's race in georgia, you may recall that democrat stacey abrams narrowly lost to a republican named brian kemp. brian kemp's previous job had been secretary of state in georgia, which meant he was in charge of administering that election in which he himself was running for governor. he did not recuse himself from administering that election even though he was the candidate at the top of the ticket. part of the way he prepared the ground in georgia for himself in that election was that he kicked

more than half a million people off the voter rolls in georgia in the year ahead of that general election, which was absolutely unprecedented in modern times in that state. on election day in 2018, with half a million-plus people having been kicked off the rolls, it was a total breakdown and total dysfunction at the polls. it led to such a debacle of an election day that it made nationwide headlines. it was such a debacle that that democrat, stacey abrams, would not concede that she had lost that race fairly and many democrats still don't believe she did. that was 2018. that was the last major election in georgia. then in advance of this election today in georgia, you could also see today's disaster coming when the new republican secretary of state, the guy who replaced brian kemp when brian kemp became governor, the new republican secretary of state decided to make what even the local hometown press in georgia considered to be a very

high-stakes bet, kind of an experiment, a little wager here. here goes nothing. great leap for the state. an electronic voting machine company hired brian kemp's former campaign manager to be its lobbyist, and then the brian kemp administration in georgia hired that company to replace all of the voting machines in every city, town, and county in georgia all in record time, literally record time. the state had this board of evaluators that was looking at the various companies who were trying to get that voting machine contract. this board of evaluators looked at the different bids from the different companies and what they were offering. they did not pick the company that georgia ultimately went with. they picked a different company altogether. but, nope, the state administration decided instead they would go with the company that brian kemp's campaign manager was the lobbyist for. the company had never had a job this big ever. in fact, there has never been a bigger job in u.s. election history. as the "atlanta journal

constitution" pointed out last november, what georgia was trying to roll out here was the largest and fastest rollout of elections equipment in u.s. history. this company had never had anything of this size. the company had never installed so much equipment at once and on such a time schedule. georgia was trying to do the impossible. i mean something that everybody knew at the time was impossible. 30,000 brand-new voting machines of a type that hadn't been used in the state for 7 million voters, more than 2,600 precincts, all at once, all in a matter of months in a state where voting was already an apparent deliberate disaster. and that's what they set out to do. and now today that disastrous bet has paid off. not a surprise. this was the absolutely foreseeable headline in the "atlanta journal constitution" tonight. quote, new voting machines lead to lines and problems on georgia election day. yeah, you think? quote, problems with georgia's new voting computers plagued the

state's primary election today, leading to lines and voters leaving without casting their ballots. poll workers said they had difficulties turning on the voter check-in computers and encoding voter access cards and installing touchscreens. voters waited in lines for hours at various precincts across cobb and dekalb and fulton and begin net counties. a precinct manager at cross keys high where voting had essentially shut down tuesday morning said he couldn't use the volter check-in computers. the touch pads aren't receiving or accepting the authorizations and we're out of provisional ballots. there's nothing we can do. people queued in that high school parking lot there for hours. but essentially that voting location shut down. dekalb county commissioner told the "atlanta journal constitution," quote, even the poll workers don't know what to do. these are new machines, and you expect people to run them in less than a couple of months? if this is a preview of november, then we are in

trouble. if this is a preview of november, we are in trouble. well, you know, it depends on your perspective, i suppose, because again it's not like georgia didn't know this was coming. not what happened in their last disastrous, botched election, not after what they did to the voter rolls on purpose for that election, not what they did with this voting machine debacle at the very last minute right before this presidential election year, which one good government advocate today in georgia called, quote, like walmart trying to decide they wanted to change out their point of sales system on black friday. i mean, you know, maybe this is trouble today in georgia. you know, maybe these are problems and snafus today in georgia, or maybe this is something on which the georgia state government has been diligently working because everybody saw it coming, and then it did. but here's another angle on the same problem in a different

place. one week ago today, the great state of iowa held its primary elections this year. and look at this. this is what the secretary of state sent out when the results came in a week ago tonight. good job, everybody! well done! goobering fireworks meme that he sent out with his congratulatory tweet. but as goobery as that is, it actually was well done in iowa. a week ago tonight for the primary that they just held, the state of iowa broke all turnout records for a june primary. the last record for a june primary, 1994. iowa voters blew through that record easily. they set a huge new turnout record a week ago tonight. and against the odds, right, this is the midst of iowa having a considerable coronavirus outbreak, right? iowa has had over 22,000 cases. they've had a bunch of terrible outbreaks, particularly in meat processing plants. iowa has had honestly a weird

and secretive and super random response from their state government and their governor, which has not helped either with the disease itself there or with people trusting the government to get things right and keep them safe. i mean this election last tuesday night happened in the middle of all that worry. it also happened in the middle of the protests over the death of george floyd, which have been very significant protests in iowa. and unfortunately there's been some pretty serious unrest and violence around some of those protests, some people hurt. but still in the midst of those things all at once, they held a primary election a week ago tonight, and iowa set a record for turnout, which is great, right? good job, everybody, as the secretary of state said. well, the way that iowa set that turnout record is very simple. they sent everyone an application for an absentee ballot. they sent everybody -- all you

had to do was fill out that application, send it back, and you would get sent an absentee ballot to vote by mail. that's it. that's what they did. that's what gave them record turnout that they were all so proud of. at least they were all super proud of it as of tuesday of last week when they had this no-hitches, smooth primary with record turnout. they got results right away. everything was fine. no complaints. it all worked. everything else going wrong in the state of iowa. not that primary. it worked. and they were all super proud of it as of tuesday. by the end of last week, by friday, republicans in the state legislature had already drafted a bill and started moving a bill that will stop the state from ever doing an election like that again because doing it that way made it easy and safe for people to vote. and so lots of people voted, and so republicans in the iowa state legislature apparently believed that that must be stopped. and don't take it from me. take it from the association of

local elections officials in iowa, who are raging against this. in their words, they are, quote, baffled by it. here's the statement from the president of their association. quote, county auditors as local commissioners of elections are baffled by this. the 2020 primary was very successful based on a variety of metrics. counties experienced record or near record turnout. election day went very smoothly. results were rapidly available. why would the state want to cripple the process that led to such success? let it's not specifically the whole state that wants to do that. it's republicans in the iowa state legislature that want to do that. why would they want to cripple this system that worked so well? why would the state want to cripple the process that led to such success? raise your hand if you think you know. this was the editorial today in "the des moines register" just ripping iowa republicans for what they are trying to do here, for what they are trying to screw up.

headline, message from gop lawmakers to iowans, we don't want you voting. republican state lawmakers are on a mission. make it as difficult as possible for iowans to vote. participation by more people in our democracy is a success, but that's not how legislative republicans see it. perhaps they fear being voted out of office if more people cast ballots. for engineers of voter suppression, though, that is exactly what needs to happen. des moines register today in iowa. but i mean seeing what's happening in georgia today, what happened in 2018 in georgia, what's happening in georgia today, that's what's happening in iowa over this past week. pull back the lens a little bit further here. nationwide republicans last month launched a new nationwide $20 million effort to fight efforts in all states to make it easy and safe for people to vote this year. there's special efforts under way to make it easy and safe for

people to vote despite the fact that we are in an epidemic of a contagious disease that people may be risking their lives against if they have to turn out in congregate to vote in the way we normally do. republicans nationwide are planning on spending $20 million in an effort to stop states from making it easy and safe to vote. at the white house, everybody from the president himself to the attorney general of the united states to white house senior adviser kellyanne conway to the new white house spokesperson, they have all personally denounced the idea of people voting by mail in this year's elections, right? they're saying, oh, this isn't a proven safe and easy way to vote. no, it's dangerous. voting by mail, it's un-american. it shouldn't be allowed. the president has been making that case from the white house even though he himself votes by mail. the attorney general has been making that case from the justice department even though he, himself, votes by mail. kellyanne conway has been making

that case from the white house even though she herself votes by mail. the new white house spokesperson has been making that case from the white house even though she, herself, votes by mail and even though she may have done at least some of her voting from an address where she doesn't actually live, which is a proper considerably worse than just her rank bloody hypocrisy. this isn't about there being any actual problems or any actual worries about voting by mail. the only problem with voting by mail is it makes it easy and safe for people to vote. all of these objections from the white house and from the justice department raising all these concerns about how terrible it would be to vote by mail, raised by all of these individuals who themselves vote by mail. what this is about is about stopping you from voting in the next election, or at least forcing you to take your own life into your hands to do it. georgia voting today is a debacle. that is not an accident, right? it's not an accident if everybody can see it coming from

miles away and can predict it and did predict it in writing months in advance, right? this is something that didn't get better after their last botched election, that in fact might have been made considerably worse after the last botched election in a way that raises very dark concerns about the prospect of georgia's swing state status in the november general election. it is a wake-up call for what is coming in november and what republicans are going to try to do, as is the republican effort to break a system in iowa that's actually working great, as is the top-down effort in the republican party to try to scotch voting by mail because it works and it's safe and therefore we can't have that. they can have it for themselves, but the rest of us can't have it because then too many of us might vote. that said, there is a plan to try to fight back against all this stuff, and one man widely seen as a quarterback of that effort is going to join us live here next. stay with us.

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may not be in stock at any individual polling place, it's worth remembering that it didn't have to be this way. in normal times, which these are not, or in extraordinary times, i mean we've dealt with extraordinary circumstances for elections during crises before. after hurricane sandy, october 2012, after hurricane michael in october 2018, there were special accommodations made. of course there were. there had to be so everybody, even people affected by those big, widespread crises, could cast a vote and have it counted, even if they couldn't cast their vote in person. and, yes, now we have another extraordinary circumstance. we've got a widespread, sort of out of control epidemic of a highly contagious fatal disease in this country that makes the act of going to the polls to vote in person a personal hazard, a life-threatening hazard for many americans. the democratic party's leading voting rights litigator had this to say about these new extraordinary circumstances back in march. he said, quote, unlike prior events, the virus poses a health

risk to voter in every state, city, town, and village in the country. not only will voters not want to wait in line and file into school rooms in proximity to others, but election workers, many of whom are elderly, may not eagerly sign up to staff polling places where they will come in contact with hundreds of strangers in a single day. the most discussed solution has been for states to expand the use of absentee and vote by mail ballots. but with the exception of a handful of states such as colorado, oregon, washington state, most states still rely primarily on in-person voting. for absentee voting to be effective for november, states must start planning now. quote, the time to act is now. that op-ed was in "the washington post" in march. the time to act is now. well, tick tock. joining us now is the author of that op-ed. mr. mark elias joins us now live. mr. elias, thank you very much for being here. i really appreciate you taking the time. >> thanks for having me.

i wish it was under better circumstances. >> yeah, me too. i know that you've been able to see the last few minutes when i was talking about what happened in georgia today, what's happened in iowa over the past few days, the action that iowa republicans have been taking there, some of the things we've been hearing from the white house. you're a real expert on this stuff. i wanted to ask you if i got any of that wrong or if there's any part you feel like needs more or less emphasis? >> look, i think you got it exactly right. the fact is in iowa they wanted to have a successful primary sending absentee ballots to every voter, and they did. and the reaction of the republican party was to say, well, let's not let that happen again in november. in georgia, the republican secretary of state said, we want to continue to have failed elections. it worked for us last time. maybe it will work for us again. and you saw that. but don't forget that this is not the first time we've seen republicans with this playbook even during this primary season. we saw 7 1/2-hour lines before

covid in texas after there was massive poll closings, and we saw of course in wisconsin the republicans block an effort to move the election so that it wouldn't be in literally the height of the pandemic. and they refused that. and that was to win a state judicial election. just imagine what they'll do in november. >> what is the solution here? i mean i know that what you do with your time is that you bring lawsuits. you bring legal actions to try to whack each of these momeles it comes up in each of these states. is that the only strategy? do you have faith in that strategy this year? is there anything else that could be done? >> yeah. look, there are tons of things that could be done to make this situation better. the problem is that you have donald trump in the white house telling republicans at every level not to do those things. so it's very difficult to get smooth election administration when you have republicans in a

position of power being told by the president of the united states, don't let there be smooth election administration. so we ultimately wind up going to court not as a first resort but because the courts are there to protect voters if all else fails. and what we saw today in georgia was all else failing. what we saw in wisconsin was it failing. and unfortunately, you know, we see in state after state a concerted effort on the part of republican election officials and republican legislatures to really not want us to have successful elections in which every eligible voter can vote and have their ballot counted and counted accurately. >> is there one state, or is there a small group of states that really keep you up at night in terms of november? obviously every election is important, and you never what's going to be determinative. but thinking about the presidential election in particular, is there anyplace that you feel like needs more national attention in terms of the threat there and your expectation for how things are

going to go? >> look, i think we obviously all know about the problems in wisconsin, so that's -- you know, that shouldn't drop out of the public consciousness. there was a lot of attention on it during the primary, and that circumstance has not gotten better. in fact, conservative groups in that state are still scheming to figure out how to make voting harder there. you know, you look at florida. you look at north carolina where you have a republican legislature still passing voting laws. you look at arizona where you have a very conservative attorney general and governor and legislature. so i'm paid to worry about everywhere. so that's what i'm doing. that's unfortunately, you know, where we'll be between here and november. >> marc elias, who represents the democratic party on voting rights issues, thanks for helping us understand this tonight. come back to us in coming days as we learn more about how these states are going to be trying to

do this. really appreciate your time here. >> happy to do it anytime. >> all right. much more ahead here tonight. stay with us. us they look the same. i've been spinning faster recently. i think they're getting bigger. feel them. [ television plays indistinctly ] yeah, they kind of feel bigger. yeah, cool. [ grunts ] sorry. switch to progressive and you can save hundreds -- you know, like the sign says.

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as i speak right now, the city attorney is drafting an executive order, an order that i will sign when i get back to city hall. and what that order will say is that in this city, we will ban choke holds and strangleholds. in this city, we will require de-escalation. in this city, you have to give a warning before you shoot. [ applause ] >> at the funeral service today for george floyd, houston's mayor, sylvester turner, made that announcement that he'd be leaving the funeral to go sign an executive order that would ban the use of choke holds by the houston police department and require that officers give a verbal warning before they

shoot. and that was a dramatic moment today at that funeral today in houston. but it is something that is happening around the country. in addition to these changes the police department announced today in mr. houston where mr. floyd was laid to rest, yesterday in minneapolis, the city where george floyd died after being pinned to the ground by police, yesterday a judge ordered the minneapolis police department to stop using all choke holds and neck restraints. the order also requires officers to intervene if they witness a fellow officer using unauthorized force. the same order also restricts the use of crowd control weapons like tear gas and rubber bullets by the minneapolis p.d. this is a slate of reform measures that were approved last week in an agreement between the police department and the state. they were waiting on a judge to sign off on it. the judge has now signed off on it, and so those policies are now in effect. those changes have been made in minneapolis. this of course comes on the heels of the city council announcing there they will work to dismantle the minneapolis

police department and create something entirely different in its wake. in new york, state lawmakers this week passed a wave of police reforms including a bill named in honor of eric garner, who was killed in 2014 after he was put in a choke hold by an nypd officer. the new legislation allows prosecutors to bring a felony charge against an officer who injures or kills someone while using a choke hold. new york lawmakers today also voted to repeal a decades-old very controversial law that has kept law enforcement officers' disciplinary records a secret from the public and the press. in california, more than a dozen of that state's police departments, including the lapd, have now announced a ban on the so-called carotid restraint, a type of choke hold. denver has now banned choke holds and also now requires police officers to report it whenever they point a gun at someone. further reform measures are being enacted in dallas, texas,

in reno, nevada, in washington, d.c. earlier today the d.c. city council unanimously passed emergency legislation that among other things would ban the hiring of officers who have a history of serious misconduct. so we're seeing this rapidly. it's been just over two weeks since george floyd was killed and since the nation erupted in outrage. in city after city and state after state, we are seeing reforms, some restrictions on the police put into place at a fairly rapid clip. what should we expect from these kinds of reforms? what will work? what will stick? what could make the biggest difference? what's possible now because of this national furor, this national movement that might not have been possible before? joining us now is reddit hudson, co-founder of the national coalition of law enforcement officers for justice reform and accountability. he's also a former police officer in the great city of st. louis. mr. hudson, it's nice to have you here tonight. thanks for making time.

>> good to be with you, rachel. >> that list that i just gave of the changes and restrictions on police duct that have been announced in cities and states just fairly quickly in the two weeks since mr. floyd was killed, since these protests started. are you hopeful about those changes and those restrictions having an impact? what strikes you about that list? >> only if accountability goes with it. there have been measures to ban choke holds, for example, in new york, choke holds had already been banned when eric garner was murdered on the corner for selling loose cigarettes. it's too bad that law wasn't in place. any of the reforms we're talking about which echo past reforms, i think we're at a moment where we need significant, transformational change in building a new police culture and a new police response. but any training or reform that is going to be effective has to come first with real accountability. the best training that any

officer can get is accountability. derek chauvin spending a significant part of the rest of his life in prison will be excellent training for those officers who remain on the minneapolis police department and all over the nation. that has to be a part of any change that we see. otherwise, they're going to fall short. i think they are well intended, and i think to answer your question about what's possible with the groundswell of movement that we've seen not only in this country and around the world relative to a serious fight against institutional racism and the evils that it has wrought in every system that we have and its foundation in white supremacy. we're at a critical point in our nation's history where i think there is a critical mass, enough people to push for the kinds of changes that are envisioned by most people who are working to change this system.

>> so i guess what i hear you saying -- let me make sure i've got this right -- is that when there have been reforms tried in the past and there have been restrictions put on police officers' behavior in the past, when police departments have tried to even move sort of more holistically in a more progressive direction, the reason those efforts haven't worked to change things is because police officers never feel like those changes are binding? and so they don't have to do it, and so the first structural thing that would make a difference is if police officers felt compelled, were compelled to do these things or face the consequences if they didn't. that's the most important change? >> that is exactly the case. and what i'll tell you too is what has created the environment in which zero accountability exists and expectations that nothing is going to happen, is the power of the police unions

across the country have enjoyed for generations. to all of the people who have demonstrated in all of the cities across this country, we know where we're headed. those people who have worked in the criminal justice reform arena, myself having worked for the aclu, everywhere we went where there was an egregious case of police misconduct, it was also the full support of the police union that had also created the policies and exemptions that shielded that officer from the consequences of his or her bad action. so what we people need to understand, for example, here in st. louis, we have one of the most progressive and courageous circuit attorneys in the country. her name is kim gardner. she was elected as almost an embodiment of the changes that were pushed for after ferguson. michael brown was murdered ten minutes from my house. she introduced legislation in st. louis, had a bill introduced relative to independent investigation of police misconduct, which the police should never investigate

themselves. it was embraced by legislators in the city, the board of allermen. many people liked it. the st. louis police officers union, run ostensibly by a buffoon, politically exercised their influence, and it wasn't even brought to the floor for a vote. this is what all the people you see on the screen should expect as we move forward and get ready to do this thing. these police unions, you have to be aggressive and push for them to acknowledge the human rights, civil rights, and civil liberties of the communities that they're sworn to serve. >> reddit hudson, former st. louis police officer, co-founder of the national coalition of law enforcement officers for justice reform and accountability, thank you for your time this evening. your perspective is absolutely invaluable. thank you. >> thank you. >> all right. we've got more news ahead tonight. stay with us.

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tonight a dramatic rise in coronavirus hospitalizations in some states among the first to reopen. in arizona, the state urging hospitals to keep emergency plans activated after seeing covid-19 cases more than double. health officials now saying eight out of ten hospital beds are being used and warning they could hit full hospital capacity in a matter of weeks. >> we probably knew what would happen by reopening too early on may 15th. >> the virus is going to do what it does, and here we are. that doctor at tucson medical center in arizona. arizona icus in the biggest cities in the state are full. hospitals in general are now getting close to full as well. and it's not only arizona that's experiencing this spike in hospitalizations right now. texas started reopening at the beginning of last month. texas just marked its second consecutive day of record hospitalizations.

hospitalizations already hitting -- excuse me -- also hitting a new high in arkansas and two straight days of record hospitalizations in north carolina. in montgomery, alabama, which we've been keeping a close eye on, the mayor there has been sounding the alarm about rising cases for the last three weeks after the state began lifting restrictions in alabama. as of today, the four major hospitals that serve montgomery are treating more coronavirus patients than ever before. the head of the alabama hospital association says today, quote, we're just full. the situation is not sustainable. "the washington post" reporting that since the start of this month, since june 1st, 14 states and puerto rico have recorded their highest seven-day average of new coronavirus cases since the pandemic began. that new cases trend is obviously not good for the projected death toll in this country. back when the white house used to appear to work on the coronavirus epidemic, when they used to have coronavirus briefings, you might remember there was one particular

projection model they liked to showcase at all of their briefings. it was from the university of washington, the institute for health metrics and evaluation at the university of washington. funny thing happened with that model. about a month ago when that model's projections started getting more dire about the number of americans who were going to die from this thing, the white house stopped talking about that model. but those researchers at the university of washington have still kept working on it, and today their projections for the number of american coronavirus deaths jumped another 5,000 from where they were at last week. they're now projecting that by the first week in august, 145,000 americans will be dead from this thing. 145,000. from today, that would be 30,000 more americans dead in less than a month. we are on track to pass 2 million confirmed coronavirus cases in this country as soon as tomorrow. but, again, the federal

government just doesn't appear to be working on it anymore, and states are working on it to the extent that they can and that they care. in the words of that arizona doctor who says his state reopened too early, the virus is going to do what it does, and here we are. your bank can be virtually any place you are. you can deposit checks from here. and you can see your transactions and check your balance from here. and pay bills from here. because your bank isn't just one place. it's virtually any place you are. just download and use the chase mobile app. visit chase.com/mobile.

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georgia, particularly in african-american districts. we are also now tonight getting reports from nevada, which is also holding a primary today. we're getting reports of three-hour-plus -- excuse me -- three hour long lines to vote tonight. but that is going to do it for us this hour. our live coverage tonights here on msnbc with "the last word with lawrence o'donnell." good evening, lawrence. >> good evening, rachel. we'll be joined by a voter from georgia who waited three hours to vote at her polling place, then got in her car, drove over to a white suburban neighborhood and saw no waiting line for voting over there. completely different story over there. so it sounds like the republican voter suppression machinery is working as designed. >> it is a thing that makes me want to say profanity on television what happened today in georgia, and it is very worrying. i don't -- i won't go there.