nonviolent cocaine conviction and took on his case, persuading a law firm to take on his case pro bono later on. this announcement of judge ketanji brown jackson will happen later today by president biden. that does it for thus morning. chris jansing picks up the coverage right now. coverage right now hi, there. i'm chris jansing live at msnbc headquarters here in new york city. it is friday, february e 25th, and we begin with the breaking news. extraordinarily dire developments over just the past few hours as russia's attack on ukraine comes within miles of the capital city of kyiv. we've got new details coming in by the minute. as we go on the air, president biden right now joining an emergency nato summit virp actually from the white house situation room to plot the alliance's next steps responding

to russia. over 4,800 mimes away, this. [ sirens ] those signs blaring in kyiv as russian forces close in on the ukrainian capital. the office of ukraine's president saying the greatest danger right now is just northwest of that city. residents in the ukrainian capital are being warned that going outside is very dangerous now, many of them moving to shelter underground in subways and in bomb shelters. just a short time ago ukraine's president delivering an urgent message imploring europe for help while calling on putin to meet and negotiate to stop people from dying. but russia's foreign minister tells keir simmons trying to justify the invasion with a lie that the current government of ukraine isn't democratically elected and is controlled from the outside. then we have this video released by ukraine's state emergency department reportedly showing damage and debris after a

russian aircraft was shot down over kyiv with some of the wreckage hitting a residential building. ukraine's president now says 137 soldiers have been killed, 316 more injured, all of this as more ukrainians flee major cities that once were thought to be safe. look at these images showing scores of people crossing into poland to escape the approach of russian forces. one woman who fled viv describes the chaos. >> to see this happening to the country is just devastating. i just can't believe someone could be so evil. >> and the u.n. is reporting an escalating refugee concern with more than 100,000 people believed to have left their homes in ukraine. you also have the arrest of hundreds of protesters. in just a few hours, the u.n. security council is to consider a resolution to condemn russia, which russia will certainly veto. joining us now, erin mclaughlin

live in kyiv, matt bodner in moscow, douglas lewd is a former representative to nato, kara shockey at the national security council and former deputy director of policy planning at the state department during the george w. bush administration, and jeremy bash, former chief of staff at the cia and the department of defense. there has been this dramatic change within recent hours around kyiv. tell us what's happening. . >> hey, chris. at the moment, it is eerily quiet, but just a few hours ago, the situation was anything but. just about 2 1/2 miles from where i am is a residential area in the capital, and we heard fighting, the sounds of gunfire, explosions as russian forces tried to push into the city. they were encountered by ukrainian military. ukrainian government officials putting out an appeal to residents to remain inside.

they said they were concerned that some of the russian forces may have had ukrainian military uniforms and they were concerned what would happen if people venn which you wered outside their homes and encountered those russian troops thinking they were ukrainian troops. this city is completely terrified, chris. just a couple hours ago i was at a metro station where people are evacuating to inside, seeking refuge from the ballistic missiles that have been fired on this city. i was talking to one woman, 21 years old. she feels there comforting her 13-year-old sister. she said that this is a trauma and it's traumatic especially to the children. i was speaking to another woman who was there with a couple osm her friends, and she said she was going to fight for her country, that she was going to defend her freedom. really heartwrenching scenes playing out in the metro stations inside the country's capital as people are bracing for what is going to happen

next. there are real fears here that this city could fall within days. >> douglas, this extraordinary nato meeting getting under way as we speak. take us inside that room. what realistic options does nato have right now? >> well, i think this sort of emergency summit if you will is interesting in a number of regards. summits at nato are typically highly choreographed, planned months in advance and mostly scripted down to the last demarche or the last communique. this is much different. nato is showing agility in bringing together the 30 allied leaders. but also very interesting is the format here. the top of the 30 allies, the members of nato themselves, they've invited the leaders of sweden and finland to join the meeting and also the lien of the european union. that mix, nato plus others, really demonstrates a very sol i

would, coherent approach to what's going on in ukraine. >> so, jeremy, i want to pick unl on what we just heard from erin. how close do you think pekd potentially be to seeing the fall of zmooef and what can nato do about it? >> well, i think at this point there's very lit that will the nato allies can do other than fortify the nato alliance, but to erin's reporting and to your point, obviously i think we're seeing the beginnings of the battle for the capital, the battles for kyiv. and the zelenskyy government is going to have to make a decision about whether they can stay there, whether they can be secure, whether they can fight it out, whether they have command and control, whether they have communications to their forces around the country, or whether they'll have to take shelter elsewhere or leave a country under the protection of nato heading obviously west. so i don't think we know at this hour. it's apparent from some of the reporting we've soon on social media that the russians have encountered some problems, had

some aircraft shot down, obviously encountered some losses. it's very difficult to get a comprehensive picture of what the battle space looks like. as long as russia can kind of grind down the ukrainian military and continue their advance, i think russia has a huge advantage here. they've got a much larger force and capable force. they've got cyber, jamming, other capabilities, special forces, elements that can infiltrate the capital city. i think this is going to be a very difficult situation for the kyiv government and for the zelenskyy government to hold on. >> let's talk, cory, about cyber. nbc has reported the president was presented a series of options. he did say yesterday if russia pursues cyberattacks against our companies and infrastructure, we're prepared to respond. what are the possibilities perhaps even in advance of attacks here at home? and what's the likelihood we see it? >> yeah, well, i do think there

is a pretty strong likelihood that shst going to escalate because the russians issued a scarcely veiled nuclear threat should any country intervene. i disagree with jeremy there's little nato allies can do other than reinforce our members. we can make it transparent where the russian leadership's money is, we can send arms and commit to training the ukrainians, we can give them lines of credit to keep their economy going. there were lots of things we can and should do to help ukrainians who are so bravely fighting for their country. cyber hasn't figured prominently. it's not clear because they don't have the ability or they're keeping lines of

communication open for other purposes. >> we've seen videos of residents expressing opposition to russia's invasion of ukraine, risking their own safety. hundreds have been arrested. between the internet, social media, russians in touch with family and friends in ukraine, how is this all playing out in russia right now? and in any case, whatever gets done on the streets, on social media, what's the likelihood it has any impact at all on vladimir putin? >> reporter: thank you, chris. this is an interesting question. it is more and more clear that there is at least a significant portion of the population that is not happy with this operation. you know, i have yet to come across a russian who is in support of this, and we're seeing more and more public displays of discontent -- artists, celebrities, journalists, talking heads and so on -- expressing distaste for this say nothing to the war and essentially saying it's shameful. i think this has become so

widespread that it prompted a tweet from the head of russia today, who said basically, i want to address all of you who are writing that you feel shame for being russian, that you feel shame for russia. what is it that you are ashamed about? i found that very striking because she must have felt this was significant enough of a phenomenon to address it in that way. indeed, we saw actually today one of those russian independent newspapers was the co-winner of the nobel prize last year coming out and saying -- actually the entire front page had the title "russia is bombing ukraine." the government is kind of struggling to control the narrative here. it's very apparent that they are very concerned about the narrative. we saw of course a very harsh response to those protester who is came out into the streets in 53 cities, arresting many of

them. another thing i found very interesting was we just heard that one of russia's most respected foreign policy reporters was kicked out of a russian foreign ministry press pool today for essentially creating internet's open letter signed by around 200 journalists, academics, and experts calling for an end to the war. i think this continues to back up this idea that they're concerned about the narrative. on russian state television we're seeing a different picture than the ones we're seeing from our colleagues in kyiv, kharkiv, and throughout ukraine and all of these social media videos. it's basically russia is claiming to the audience on russian state media it is running one of the smoothest casualty-free collateral damage-free military campaigns in history if you just take the russian defense ministry at its

word. we're seeing a lot of evidence that is certainly not the case. ip think they're very worried about the russian people getting increasingly upset with this action if they start to see too much of what the reality of the campaign is. >> matt bodner, erin mclaughlin, douglas lute, kori schake, douglas bash, thank you. president biden is expect told announce judge ketanji brown jackson to the supreme court to replace justice stephen breyer. here with me justice correspondent pete williams, kelly o'donnell is at the white house, c.k. hoff ler is a veteran trial lawyer and former president of the national bar association, and joips vance is a former u.s. attorney and msnbc analyst. good to see all of you. pete, an historic moment. tell us more about what we know. >> well, ketanji brown jackson, of course, is the person we're talking about. she certainly knows her way

around the supreme court. she was a law clerk for justice breyer. she's now a judge on the federal appeals court in washington, and perhaps one of the reasons that motivated the president to choose her is she was confirmed for that position just eight months ago with the volts of three senate republicans. for the previous eight years she was a federal trial court judge in washington. at her confirmation for that position, she got some support from, all of people, the former republican house speaker paul ryan, because it turns out that his in-laws and hers are distantly related through marriage. judge jackson was born here in washington, but she grew up in miami where her mother was a school administrator and her father was a lawyer for the school board. she has said that watching him was an early inspiration for her to seek a career in the law. she graduated from both harvard and harvard law, and there's where she met her husband, patrick, now a surgeon in washington. they have two daughters ages 17 and 21. and of course if confirmed she'd

be the first black woman ever on the supreme court and the first justice since thurgood marshall, who retired 30 years ago, to have significant experience defending accused criminals, because she's a former public defense lawyer in washington. at age 51 she'd be one of the youngest on the current court. she'd be second in age only to amy coney barrett, who turned 50 last month, chris. >> so, c.k., the things pete williams pointed out about her background background and being the first black woman on the court, give me your sense of this moment in history. >> well, good morning. this is an extraordinary moment in history, an extraordinary moment. i'm happy that i've lived to see this day. exceptionally qualified candidate, stellar background and reputation who already has the judicial temperament to be able to ascend to the u.s. supreme court, taking her proper place if confirmed. and i have no question that

she'll be confirmed. on all fronts, when you have that box that you check, she's exceptional, but her background is what makes us very proud that she is a nominee. she stood among so many qualified african american jurists, so many, and for her to be nominated we are so proud of that. it's moment in time, in history. i cannot tell you how so many people's lives are impacted by this one nomination to the u.s. supreme court. it's history making. it's time. she's going to be an exceptional leader because she has the background. she knows the system. and she has most importantly in my humble impression the judicial temperament to be on the top court of this nation, standing in the footsteps if you will of the great justice thurgood marshall. this could not be a better day. it could not be a more magnificent development. and i applaud the president for

making this decision. >> kelly o'donnell, the president met his own self-imposed deadline. what do we know about when judge jackson found out that she was going to be his choice? and what about the fight that's coming up, the confirmation fight moving forward? >> reporter: just imagine the phone rings on a thursday night in washington, d.c., and it's the white house operate or the calling for judge ketanji brown jackson and the president is on the line. that's what happened. the president, we're told, according to sources familiar, placed that call last night to offer this position to judge brown jackson, and she accepted. they have known each other through the years and through the interview process, and they have that bond already, and of course she was the front-runner in many people's eyes from the beginning, certainly a prime contender. it doesn't always work out that way, but it did in this instance. so she was notified last night. this morning, there are notifications going on as we

speak. the president has made phone calls himself directly to the other women who were under consideration, to prominent elected officials, the judiciary committee, the senate, which will ultimately decide what comes next for the judge. and those key players who are critical in the confirmation and those who have been involved in this process, are getting those notifications, some directly from the president, others from senior staff. then we expect that sometime this afternoon there will be a formal announcement. we expect one of the clues i interpreted was when the vice president of the president of the united states canceled plans to travel today. that to me was a signal, not one that her office is willing to say was directly tied, but you could certainly see that kamala harris would not miss being a part of an announcement like

that. that was one of the clues i was looking for. so today we expect -- now, of course, we know world events are unpredictable and there is a lot happening right now. but the plan is to do that today. today is not an accident when you consider the importance two years ago today then candidate joe biden made this a public declaration, that if we were elected he would choose an african american woman, a jurist on the supreme court if he were given that opportunity, and today, two years later, he is making good on that promise with the expected nomination today of ketanji brown jackson. so history is sort of folding over on itself, and we will learn more about her in terms of the president's own viewings when he gets to introduce her today, assuming that all goes as planned as we are told to expect it to happen today. >> one of the things we heard from the president so many months ago, more than a year ago, the president said if he had an opportunity to appoint a supreme court justice it would be a woman of color, that there

needed to be more diversity on the court, that it needed to be more representative of what the u.s. a looks like now. all of us who are sitting here know that the supreme court has largely been a white men's club throughout its history. what does this mean, do you think? what are the implications? what role do you think she plays in how american law gets shaped? >> well, it's obviously incredibly historic that he has selected her. but interestingly, while she brings that diversity, she's out of central casting in terms of her credentials. she lacks absolutely nothing. she has everything from experience at the supreme court to inside the courtroom to on an appellate court. she has nine years of judicial experience. that's more than four of the sitting justices combined had when they came onto the court. and you know, in terms of what she brings, to answer your

question, i want to highlight what pete said about her having been a public defender. i believe that she is the first person who, if confirmed onto the court, would have had that experience defending indigent people. there are two justices now who have been prosecutors before they took the bench. i think this is just an incredibly important expertise. so much of our constitution and our bill of rights is concerned with how the government treats people who are accused of crime and go through the criminal process. and so it's just going to be enormously helpful, i think, to the entire bench to have her perspective. >> finally, joyce, we talk about the whole idea of judicial temperament and she'll be going into a court that will continue to be dominated by the conservative wing. having said that, in terms of being able to form relationships

the way stephen breyer had, having served under stephen breyer, how do you see her, assuming she is confirmed, operating within the supreme court as it is now? >> it's a really important question, chris. will she shift the dynamic on this conservative 6-3 supreme court. one of the challenges the court has faced in the past months has been flagging public confidence in the court. as the justices like to say, they don't have an army to enforce their opinion. they depend on the press and depend upon public confidence in the court to give meaning to their words. so they will likely be the happiest people about this morning's announcement. as the oerps have said, judge ketanji brown jackson is immaculately well qualified. she also brings this deep expertise that's lacking on the current formulation of the court, this experience not just as a criminal defense lawyer but also her work on the united states sentencing commission

where she served on the commission, and these issues about sentencing and how criminal sentences are calculated are some of the most difficult and contentious issues that the court deals with for those who are looking at developments in the law inside of baseball. she will bring that sort of experience, and perhaps she will be able to convince the other justices to listen to her views because she will bring a fresh perspective. this is where the court can. create new lines. i'll not pollyannish about this. the 6-3 majority is locked in and that will not shift with her appointment. but this fresh perspective, i don't think we can overemphasize having the first black woman on the court and also the deep experience she will bring with her. >> an extraordinary moment in history. we'll continue to cover this throughout the day as we wait for the formal announcement from president biden.

thanks to all of you for being with us this morning. coming up, president biden's leading a nato virtual summit right now from the white house. he's in the situation room. after he rolled out new sanctions on russia's top banks and elites. but as russian forces close in on ukraine's capital, is that going far enough? what more should the u.s. be doing? first, a sinl of the resilience of the ukrainian people. this video from kyiv. you can hear this woman singing the ukrainian national anthem as she chokes back tears sweeping up broken glass. s sweeping up broken glass.

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the last day at their current address. for the mornings when everything's wrong. for the manicure that makes everything right, for right now. show up, however you can, for the foster kids who need it most— at helpfosterchildren.com happening now, president biden attending an emergency nato summit virtually from the situation room there at the white house as the alliance considers its next steps with russia, attacking ukraine for the second straight day and now closing in on the capital of kyiv. the meeting comes after president biden announced a new round of sanctions targeting russia's largest banks and members of the country's elites while blocking russia's ability to import western technology. >> i'm going to impose severe costs on the russian economy both immediately and over time. we have purposely designed these

sanctions to maximize a long-term impact on russia and to minimize the impact on the united states and our allies. >> the u.s. also sending 7,000 additional american troops to germany to bolster nato's presence in europe. joining us now, ashley parker, "washington post" white house bureau chief, and hagar chamali is the former spokesperson and former treasury spokesperson. you said we've got to stop thinking about sanctions as a silver bullet to change putin, but what can what the president announced yesterday accomplish? and what more, as a lot of people are arguing that timing is of the essence, what more can and should be done in your view? >> it's so true. timing is of the essence when it comes to sanctions. so the sanctions that were imposed yesterday were really strong. i want to emphasize how those sanctions usually get e crafted and deployed. usually these are stra strateied

plans that were prepared for years. they're what's called tranches, a series of sanctions that are prepare that if you look at it like an onion, you continue to people back the layers of the onion as the nefarious or sanctionable things get worse. if you empty the cup boards of this, what you see republican leaders arguing for that, the problem with that is when you do that -- and i've done that before, i've been on the other side of that. i was there when syria was indiscriminately killing its people and we decided to empty the kitchen sink of sanctions gen them, but that's because the decision was this was a country and government we would not deal with anymore, not with its leader, with its government whatsoever, there was no opportunity for negotiation. and so those sanctions that you see many people talking about right now, things like sanctioning the head of state,

cutting russia off from s.w.i.f.t., sanctioning the central bank, these are significant decisions with significant financial costs. >> but to the point of folks who are arguing for them now, if you're not going to do them now, when are you going to do them? the march on kyiv is 20 miles away. >> unfortunately, there's a lot more that president putin could do and a lot worse he could do. i'm not trying to sound as dismissive or trying to make it seem like what he's doing now is not totally criminal and against all international order, but when you impose these sanctions, you have to analyze how much blowback are you willing to take with a country so well integrated into the international financial system like russia. that poses an opportunity and a challenge. the opportunity is if they're so well integrintegrated, there wi assets to freeze. they'll feel the pain when they do business in dollars or can't move their assets elsewhere or sell their businesses so they continue to be profitable,

right. they'll feel that pain, but the flip side is because they're so well integrated, because we and europe in particular do still depend on certain exports of theirs, particularly oil and gas, right, but steel, nickel, aluminum, these are things that if they're completely cut off, which they would be by sanctioning the central bank or by cutting them off from s.w.i.f.t., we're going to see those global markets, the price for those skyrocket. and everyone is going to be angry about that. we have to be very careful and deliberate and strategic in how these sanction rgs deployed with maximum effect but without too much blowback. >> ashley, that was the part of the conversation yesterday, the idea that biden wouldn't say they were going to go after putin himself, he didn't take that off the table, other options that hagar just talked about. so today, right now, inside the situation room as he's talking to members of nato, many of whom

as she pointed out are very concerned about the impact other sanctions might have on their own individual economies, what do we know about the kinds of conversations that are likely going on right now both in terms of sanctions and in terms of moving troops into nato countries? >> well, we know that's exactly one of the challenges. one of the challenges biden was facing initially was if president putin did something like what he ultimately did, which was kind of a half measure at first, right, what could president biden and his team and nato members and allies on board for. it wasn't the full tranche of sanctions initially. there was also a belief to hold some back so that you had sort of more as putin went further. as biden said yesterday, cutting the russians off from s.w.i.f.t., that's something where there wasn't the appetite from europeans to do that. one of the things that is

incredibly important to this president is to the extent possible to keep the united states and other western allies unified, because in addition to going into ukraine and taking it over, another one of putin's goals, to fracture this alliance. and so far, at least, one of the things that the administration officials tell me has been sort of a silver lining out of all of this is that the western countries, the sort of previous world order, is very strong in the face of standing up to putin right now, which was not a foregone conclusion when the call began. >> ashley parker, hagar, thanks to both of you, we appreciate you. this morning many members of congress with bob menendez at the forefront continue to push for new policies to deal with the russian invasion of ukraine from the sanctions we talked about to immigration. both the house and senate received unclassified briefings from the pentagon late last

night. leadership had already got an briefing from president biden. but the big question remains this morning, what kind of power does congress have here? i want to bring in democratic congressman seth moulton. always good to see you. you're unique so i want a dual assessment for you based on your current job in congress and your military background including leading front line infantry into baghdad. what do you make of these latest russian military movements? and how concerned are you we could see a russian takeover of the capital in the coming days? >> oh, we'll see a russian takeover of the capital within the next 24 hours, i believe. frankly, this is something i predicted since december. and for a long time, we've been responding to threats like this with half measures. so let me just say on the record right here i think we need to go full bore on the sanctions. i don't think we should hold back. we absolutely should sanction putin directly. and, yes, it's true he might do more down the road, but that's

when we have to consider the other measures that he's threatening us with, the cyber messages, targeting his people directly with the truth just as he targets our people with disinformation. this is a whole new world. we're not going to meet it with half measures. think about it, back when we were confronting the soviets during the cold war and we embarked on the berlin airlift, we didn't say we'll get half the food they need, we'll save a little in reserve so we have leverage to give them more food later. no. we went full in, made it clear to the soviets we were going to stand strong as a nato alliance, and that's exactly what we need to do today. >> so, go after putin, go after the oligarchs, their yachts, their apartments in london and new york and in miami. what else? what are we talking about here? what do you mean by go full in? >> well, go full in on sanctions. them we need to entirely rethink how we posture nato and europe.

nato was designed to defeat the soviets during the cold war and we did win that war. this is an entirely new world. we never contemplated the idea that a major world power would launch an unprovoked war of aggression to just take over a neighboring state. but that's what's happened. and we have to recognize that nato in its current form wasn't sufficient to deter that, wasn't sufficient to stop it on its face. so if we want to make sure that nato is effective at stopping putin's next move, we have to strengthen nato. that doesn't just mean sending tanks and troops to poland and the baltic states, it means confronting putin on this new battlefield that involves cyberwar, undermining democratic institutions. we can't just play defense now. we have to play offense, undermining his state the way he's trying to undermine us. that's the kind of new world order that we've entered with this completely unprecedented invasion. >> i want to play something for you, congressman, that former

secretary of state and of course former senator hillary clinton said just this morning here on msnbc about the divisions in congress right now. >> i think it's time for what's left of the republican party that has any common sense not just to say, okay, go help defend ukraine against putin, but to stand against those people in politics and government and the media and elsewhere in our own country who are literally giving aid and comfort to an enemy of freedom and democracy. >> what is your response to some members who are in congress who say we shouldn't be involved in ukraine or even have had supportive things to say about vladimir putin? >> i couldn't agree with secretary clinton more. this is a time to be united. when i was at the munich security conference last weekend with world leaders but also with the bipartisan delegation from congress, it was clear we were united. yet some of these republicans go

back home and join their extremists on the right who are either supporting putin outright like donald trump is doing or -- >> in real-world terms, congressman, how does that impact? >> what's that? >> what's the impact of that in real terms in your mind? >> in very real terms it doesn't just create a debate back home that we don't need, it underminings our credibility to the international community because the world is looking to america for leadership right now, and leadership comes from being united and strong. when you listen to folks like trump and tucker carlson, we sound weak, like traitors, like we're giving in to vladimir putin. when republicans in congress support that view or frankly don't bother to criticize it, they just reinforce that division at home, which is not helpful for our leadership abroad. >> congressman seth moulton on the very consequential day yet again here. thank you so much for taking the time to talk with us. we appreciate it. >> you're welcome.

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or if you've had a vaccine or plan to. tell your doctor if your crohn's disease symptoms... develop or worsen. serious allergic reactions may occur. watch me. ask your rheumatologist about cosentyx. there are other major stories we're following this morning. in minneapolis, three former police officers have been convicted of violating george floyd ice civil rights. a federal jury found that the three seen left to right, jay alexander kung, thomas lane, deprived lloyd a right to his medical care when derek chauvin pressed his knee into floyd's neck, killing him. kung and tow were convicted of failing to intervene. all three face a state trial in june on charges of aiding and abetting murder and manslaughter. on the covid front, we're expecting new guidance today from the cdc on masks. nbc news has learned the agency will likely loosen indoor mask

requirements, that's according to two sources familiar with the plans. the major change coming as cases continue to go down across the country, the seven-day average down by 38% from the previous week according to cdc data. with me now, msnbc medical contributor dr. vidalia. good to have some nice news to talk about after, what, two years and several months of doom and gloom. but talk about this new guidance, what you make of it and how you think it's going to change things. arewe finally close to a new normal? >> chris, we have to wait for the guidance, but the underpinning of this and what i've seen from them is there's a recognition that we are in a different stage because the vaccines, the boosters, the immunity, the fact that we have medical treatments is clearly a disconnect not the same percentage of cases are leading to hospitalization. so from that perspective i think

a strategy acknowledges values. the hospitalizations data is an important one. the trouble is there's a lot of nuance, right, that there are still vulnerable people. the disease is still deadly for people who are not vaccinated. the fact there are people who would be at risk if the cases continue and it might be too late if you just concentrate on hospitalizations, we don't know what the future will bring with variants, potentially waning immunity from the vaccines. i'm looking forward to seeing how the cdc balances this idea of let's celebrate the fact we're in a potentially better place but with continued vigilance and caution to say 95% of this has a high transmission from what cdc previously said their benchmark of what they see as high transmission from covid. the other concern that i have, and i'll tell you, i recognize that a nuance is like a dimmer.

you turn down the requirements, so they're down, you trn them up when it increases. but we haven't been able to do that. we've had an on and off switch. my concern is that the guidance system could turn off the off switch and we'll lose that vigilance and won't be as protected. i'm looking into delving into that and trying to understand what comes out on the other side. >> we'll be watching. always great to see you. thank you. still ahead, we'll go back to ukraine where tens of thousands of people are fleeing their homes by train, car, even on foot. and we'll talk about the people whose lives are being upended by the russian invasion, next. invat >> are you scared? >> yes, i am. i think it's normal to be scared. it's normal to be afraid for your life, for your kids, for your families. for your kids, f your families.

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a civilian apartment complex was bombed. then you have this heartbreaking photo looking deep into the eyes o citizens who are forced to flee their home. a situation that ukrainians are facing. let me bring in cal perry. i want to bring in our photo journalist who took the photo you just saw who's in kyiv. our senior policy researcher and director analysis program. cal, let's start with this unfolding crisis and what are you seeing? what can you show us and tell us? >> reporter: we are here at the central train station, you got soldiers and some reserve and some freshly called up heading east or kyiv or headed to fight

the russians. this direction, i am going to introduce you to a group of young people here in the city who are trying to help what's becoming a potential humanitarian crisis with refugees. valerie? do you have two seconds for us? tell us what you are trying to do here. >> we are trying to help people coming here from different cities to stay, if they don't have a place to stay or warm clothes, we coordinate this and so we are doing this, we are volunteering. >> reporter: what is it that medium need when they come off the train? >> answers. they are terrified. it is probably not safe, they need answers. they need emotional distractions so we try to tell to them that they're going to be safe and everything is going on okay and

give them information. >> reporter: thank you, i appreciate it. thank you for your time. this is a cross road here. some folks are bringing their families here to the border of poland and they head to the front. >> alex, you are in the capitol, i am wondering when you hear people from are coming in and they want answers and terrified. what are you seeing in that fear of uncertainty? >> it is important to stress that everybody's reaction is different. it is individual, some people are horrified and moved to the point of tears and others are

resolute and you know pretty much ready to rock n' roll. there is the whole breath of human emotion that you see in these people that i am encountering. >> later we process it but has something that struck you has moved you and surprised you as you been taking these photographs. >> we don't have enough time in the world to talk about that. it is heartbreaking. i have been here for months and it is not too much different of where i am right now than where you are -- kyiv is a pretty normal of what we considered to be a normal place. people are going grocery shopping and going on dates basically up until two days ago. yesterday morning we woke up to a different world and different universe. i would say to answer your question, the metro station

where i was staying every weekend would have senior pensioners, they would have three-hour long dance lessons and now it is silent and that breaks my heart. >> so shelly, it is impossible to over state the human toll of war. based on your experience of what kind of displacement you are expecting to see here? are we prepared to help these folks? >> again, the estimate of that of 1 million to 5 million people will be displaced. the u.n. said about 100,000 people are already on the move. i think we need to think about this in terms of two ways, what needs to happen in the immediate terms and what needs to happen in the long-term so media term, when people flee, it is the winter, it is cold they need shelter and healthcare. we saw the volunteers have already working in services inside and neighboring countries are preparing as well.

if the number gets as big as they could be, there is a risk that inside ukraine and neighboring country could be under prepared. once people have fled though, there is the question of what happens to them in the long-term? the unfortunate reality is the vast majority of people fleeing today will not return to their homes. our studies have found that on average once refugees flee, only about a third return ten years after the conflict. what that means is that it is important to help people get out of temporary situation, get them out of the situation and help them to move on and get jobs and apartments and get their kids in school and start a new life. what we are seeing is as permanent population of ukraine refugees in europe and elsewhere. >> take just a minute to let sink in. you are talking about one to

five million people and two-thirds of them may never be able to return to a place they known as home. >> thank you all of you for the work you are doing and taking the time to talk to us right now. that's going to wrap up this hour, i am chris jansen, jose diaz-balart is picking up our coverage right now. n, jose diaz-balart is picking up our diaz-balart is picking up our coverage right now food's here! this smells like a brand-new car! yup. best-in-class rewards, and a great way toward your next chevrolet, buick, gmc or cadillac. and with all those points on everything we buy... ...we're thinking suv. with leather! a new kind of appreciation with that new car smell.