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good to be with you. i'm katy tur. it is day 20 of russia's war on ukraine, and here is what we know right now. a new 35-hour curfew just began in kyiv. you're seeing it right here. as of this moment all residents are being told to stay inside their homes and to only leave for a bomb shelter. officials in the capital expect the bombing will get worse tonight. at dawn this morning a residential building inside the city center was shelled even as russia continues to deny that it is targeting civilians. four people were killed, according to ukrainian officials. nearly 50 others had to be rescued. russia's early hour attacks caused widespread damage including to a major metro station where families were sleeping. richard engel filed this report from that station in kyiv.

that's the wrong video right there. despite the attacks on kyiv, leaders of three european countries, poland, the czech republic, and slovenia are meeting with the ukrainian president right now traveling by train to a secret location in kyiv. they say they want to show the european union's unequivocal support. and on the subject of support, we are also getting word from the white house that president biden will travel to brussels next week. he'll attend with the head of nato is calling an extraordinary nato summit to once again make it clear that north america and europe are united. president zelenskyy still wants more. he's trying to pressure the west to get involved. he spoke virtually today to canada's house of commons ahead of his address to the u.s.

congress tomorrow. >> you all need to do more to stop russia, to protect ukraine, and by doing that, to protect europe from russian threat. they are destroying everything -- memorial complexes, schools, hospitals, housing complex. they already killed 97 ukrainian children. we are not asking for much. we are asking for justice, for support to help us to prevail. >> amid the terror there was a glimmer of hope today. 2,000 cars were able to escape the besieged city of mariupol and another 2,000 are ready to leave. a sign there is some progress to establish and then maintain a humanitarian corridor. the refugee also presumably head west. the united nations estimates the number of ukrainians who have crossed the border is now 3 million. joining me now from lviv,

ukraine, a 35-hour stay-at-home order inside the city of kyiv. what are officials saying they expect to happen? >> reporter: they're expecting the worst to come. kyiv had been bombarded heavily overnight last night and the civilian residents of kyiv feeling the full brunt of the russian firepower. we've seen the images of the buildings destroyed, reduced to rubble, at least two or three people are being killed, 35 other people had to be evacuated from these buildings. and because they were hit so hard many of the entrances were closed off for them to get out so the fire brigades had to go in. they had to put ladders into the windows. elderly people that weren't very mobile had to be taken out of these homes and it's because of that mayor klitschko has imposed a 35-hour curfew not least of

all because the streets there are so dangerous. we've seen civilians getting shot. we've seen journalists getting shot there, and they just don't want the residents to be out and about. you mentioned the only time they are going to get out of their apartments is when the air raid sirens are on. we heard a report that a lot of people last night, early this morning, listened to the air raid sirens and they took shelter. if they hadn't that death toll in kyiv could have been much higher than right now. some of the fear now in kyiv the russians have bulked down on the outskirts of kyiv, they're not getting in the way they wanted to. there's some fear, speculation they may start bombing kyiv into debris like they've done in other cities but, of course, it's a symbolic city for the russians not to mention all of those orthodox churches. as the battle for kyiv continues there is also fear that could get flattened like many of the other cities the russians have hit across ukraine. >> it is very dangerous indeed. the video we mistakenly showed at the top of the show when we

were trying to get to richard engel was of a fox news camera man, a photojournalist, who has died and the reporter is now injured and that's on top of another journalist that was killed just the other day. it is extremely dangerous within that country for anybody who is out. we'll try to get that richard engel later in the show. ali, please do stay safe. joining me now from the state department is deputy secretary of state wendy sherman. madam secretary, thank you very much for being with us. let's talk about what's going on right now and what the united states will tolerate. president zelenskyy is on a pressure campaign right now, is going to appear before the u.s. congress tomorrow. he wants the west to do more. ukrainians have said they feel like a shield for the rest of europe. it's inching closer to nato borders although it has not crossed the nato border. what is the red line for the

united states? >> thanks for having me on, katy, and thanks for the extraordinary reporting from inside ukraine. if i were president zelenskyy i would ask for anything and everything that i possibly could when he has to bear witness every single day to civilian deaths in his country and for the resilient and brave fighting of his troops and his own extraordinary bravery on view for the entire world as he really stands in front of and with his people. the united states is absolutely committed to helping ukraine every way we can. as you know the president signing the omnibus legislation from congress and really appreciate congress' bipartisan support of that omnibus $13.6 billion for ukraine. the president will speak more tomorrow about the security assistance we've given. we've already given over a billion dollars in security

assistance. much, much more to come. very much the things that zelenskyy has asked for to be anti-tank, anti-armor, antiaircraft weapons that can help ukraine to defend itself, we are going to do everything we cannot only to support ukraine but also to make sure that vladimir putin, who started this premeditated, unprovoked war of choice and carnage pays the consequences and has to think about what he's doing and stop this senseless, terrible, horrible war. >> let me ask you this because this is something that's been very confusing to me. we are sending millions and millions of dollars worth of arms to ukraine right now, the anti-tank missiles, et cetera. why is there a difference between that and sending over jets? >> so the pentagon looked at this very closely and, of

course, if any country wants to supply planes, that's their sovereign right. we will not stop them from supplying planes. that's their choice. but the pentagon looked at this in turns of our helping to deliver those. not only would it potentially engage u.s. forces, but the assessment from the pentagon was that what really was necessary was a way to shoot down planes, and we have provided those kinds of antiaircraft weapons that ukraine needs so badly. it will be hard, the pentagon believes, to out aircraft russia in the skies, but we certainly can help ukraine to shoot them down. >> so the sanctions that we've imposed on russia, the west has imposed on russia, they're making an impact in russia, but they're not making an impact in putin's aggression. what is the u.s. currently doing with china to get china onboard to try and pressure vladimir

putin? is that possible and then, also, do you feel that the united states needs to do more to pressure a country like india? india is talking about going to russia to buy more oil because the price of oil there, as it is everywhere, has been going up? >> katy, every country has interests and they all aren't the same as ours. we have been very clear that countries that support russia, that supply weapons and cash to russia, so putin can continue this war are, in fact, joining in his efforts even though we appreciate that in some cases people are facing energy scarcity, commodity scarcity, wheat scarcity, grain scarcity, we are trying to help every country solve those problems. we're certainly working very hard with india, which is part of an asian quad, with japan and australia, very close relationship to us. the prc is another story, katy.

we have been very clear with them as national security adviser sullivan was in a very long meeting with the senior official from the prc and their meeting in rome over seven hours that we are watching to see if they are transferring weapons to ukraine, whether they are back filling on sanctions and cash, and if they are, there will be severe consequences. >> i want to talk about refugees. what is the united states going to be doing to potentially take in some of these ukrainian refugees? i saw an interview with a woman who went over there to get her two minor niece and nephew, they were in their teens. their mother had to stay behind. she couldn't bring them to the united states because they needed to apply for a visa which could take three months. meanwhile she has a 2-year-old

back in the united states so she needs to come home but she can't leave her minor family members in poland. what's the united states doing to help with a case like that? she's an american citizen. >> these are heartbreaking situations and our consular services are available to help out in every way that we really can. refugees who want to come to the united states have to apply through the united nations for refugees and for that process to be able to come to america if they can't do it through a visa process, but we certainly want to help in every way possible and, in fact, for those who have been here in the united states for some months now, they are given temporary protective status to remain in the united states. we support the international refugee, u.n. agency enormously,

financially, and help on the ground in every way we can. we have provided support to poland and other countries where refugees are coming over. >> let me interrupt. i'm sorry to interrupt you. >> sure. >> i know you're saying we're doing everything we can, we're sending financial aid, but 3 million people have crossed the border. that number is expected to go up especially if the war does move west through the country. there are 40 million people roughly in ukraine. there's only so much that the surrounding countries can handle. is it not on the table to find an expedited way to get some of these refugees, some who have concrete ties to relatives in the united states here quickly? >> katy, we are a country built on immigrants. i agree we should look at every

option we have to help people out, to help the countries of europe in support of refugees. i, myself, my grandmother came from what is now ukraine. i have great feeling in my heart for all the ukrainians who are leaving that country and for those who are internally displaced. there are probably 2 million internally displaced we are trying to provide humanitarian support for. we have a crisis task force here at the state department trying to help handle the situation. i join you in having my heartbreak in every single seshg and want to go do whatever we can to help each and every family. >> when you consider some of the people crossing over are minors, they are not adults and you worry what might happen to them,

reports of traffickers at the borders. madam deputy secretary, thank you so much for being with us. we do appreciate all of your time. >> thank you, katy. back to our own richard engel who went into a metro station in kyiv that was damages in the early morning with shelling. >> reporter: >> reporter: russia is now expanding attacks deeper into the heart of kyiv. this is one of the city's main subway stations and it was hit by a russian strike. people had been sheltering here, using these stations as bomb shelters, staying mostly in the underground level deep below the streets. no one was killed in this attack but there is a lot of damage and volunteers are coming in to help pick up all of the broken glass here.

this shows russia is expanding right into the city of kyiv. you can't get a more downtown location than this one. it is there is a sign of weakness. russia's front lines have not been advancing. the long convoy outside of kyiv are where they are and have not been advancing the last several days, instead relying on long range weapons, artillery and rockets, untargeted, hit civilians and are part of a long russian campaign of attrition. >> that's richard engel reporting. nbc news pentagon court courtney kube. secretary of defense lloyd austin will be going with president biden to brussels next week for what stoltenberg was calling this extraordinary nato meeting. this show of unity, is this to

show nato nations that we're going to be there for them if something should happen, or is it to show vladimir putin the resolve is still strong? >> reporter: that's right, katy. in addition to this extraordinary meeting next week secretary austin, they will lay the groundwork for what we're going to hear more about next week. secretary austin is hoping to deliver with his counterparts one of unity, continuing to show unity among the nato alliance, the continued message if russia steps foot into one of the nato allied countries, the alliance will respond, and they are already building up or shoring up defenses with these additional deployments of military personnel, equipment into some of those neighboring countries. in addition to that we expect to hear more about what the alliance can do for ukraine.

so what that could look like, additional humanitarian assistance, as you were talking to wenl wendy sherman, more wea nonlethal and lethal aid that any of these nations can provide to ukraine. we've seen this outpouring of equipment that's been flowing into ukraine, and it is being used by the ukrainian military, in some cases very effectively. the reality is this is an ongoing dynamic war that is occurring in ukraine right now. the ukrainian military will need more and more support as this drags on, katy. >> yes, indeed. thank you so much. still ahead the truth came out on live tv in front of potentially hundreds of millions of viewers. now the russian state tv editor who held up the no war sign, you see it right here, has been arrested and fined. we'll speak to an american in moscow about how russians reacted. why isn't the white house calling what we're seeing in ukraine war crimes? and later, remember mh-17,

the passenger jet shot down over ukraine in 2014? what would have happened if the world held putin responsible back then? as a main street bank, pnc has helped over 7 million kids develop their passion for learning through our grow up great initiative. and now, we're providing billions of dollars for affordable home lending programs... as part of 88 billion to support underserved communities... including loans for small businesses in low and moderate income areas. so everyone has a chance to move forward financially. pnc bank: see how we can make a difference for you.

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and losing weight. go to golo.com and see how golo can change your life. that's g-o-l-o.com. the journalist arrested after interrupting a russian state tv broadcast to protest the war in ukraine was just released. she spoke to reporters outside of the courtroom in moscow a short time ago. this is her right here. for many her demonstration was the first time they had heard any dissent about what is actually happening in ukraine, for it to be called a war. the veteran editor carried a sign during the station's monday evening broadcast. in english it read no war, russians against war. and in russian it said no war, stop the war, don't believe the propaganda. they are lying to you here. according to the bbc she was detained, taken to court and fined 30,000 rubles, roughly

$280. it's not clear if she's going to face more charges under russia's new laws criminalizing dissent. joining me from moscow, jacob who traveled to russia. i heard you in an interview saying that 250 million people watch that news channel. it's unclear how many were watching when she held up that sign. but from your experience there in moscow, what was the reaction to her doing that? >> it was incredibly meaningful and sent shock waves through society, but beyond being, as you mentioned, the first exposure to public dissent it was a major sign of hope for a lot of activists, human rights lawyers. they viewed this as maybe a signal to the world of the value of supporting activists here,

the value of supporting all the activists who have left russia and are trying to do the right thing abroad. if we don't get the truth to the russian public even if the war ends, nothing changes. we've seen this in chechnya. we've seen this in 2014 in ukraine. we've seen this in syria. these are the people on the ground who are making a difference and this was a sign of hope to everyone the dominos might start falling. >> there have been a number of protests across russia, in the more major cities, but there's large swaths of that country that only get their information from newspapers or from this news channel. is that enough to break the spell, essentially, vladimir putin has cast over the country? >> not on its own. this has to be the first domino. we've seen municipal deputies

speak out and be jailed for 30 days. we've seen people on national tv recently called it a war on live air and disagreed with the policies. it will take a lot more people and human rights lawyers supporting the tens of thousands of people jailed, a lot of activists from abroad getting truth to russians whether as b drives of information or sharing it on the social media channels that have not been closed down yet. on its own, no. but with a lot more people being empowered to speak truth to power, yes. >> broadcasters who are using some of the social media channels that haven't been banned to try to get information within the country. you're there because you're trying to get your grandmother out. she needs a visa to come with you back to the united states. and it's difficult because everything is shut down. logistics are almost impossible.

are you nervous being there, coming on a show like mine and talking about, honestly, what you're seeing? >> well, i think there's a quote, i think "the guardian" says that democracy dies in darkness. i think there's a lot more danger not speaking out than there is in speaking out. the more who speak out the less danger there is and the more people speak out the more other people feel they can do so. i'm optimistic about getting my grandmother out. we need a lot more support. i'm a u.s. citizen. my grandmother spent her life on human rights and we can't get a way for her into the united states. there's tens of thousands of people trying to get in. i was listening to what wendy sherman was saying earlier. that sounds a lot like hopes and prayers unless the u.s. really does something. it's not and/or, it's you have to do both.

you have to clear the backlog especially for people who have families there ready to support them financially and are ready to take them in. we have to do more. to come back to what you were asking, there is some danger but a lot more people facing a lot more danger here on the ground than if i don't speak up and tell the truth, then what right do i have to ask them to do that. >> your family fled the ussr in 1988. you're trying to get your grandmother out now, thank you for being with us. we do hope you will come back and talk to us again soon. >> thank you, katy. "the guardian" is a great paper, but that was from "the washington post." i have to make that correction to our friends at the "washington post." from bombing a school to shelling a maternity ward, accusations of war crimes continue to mount against russia. and later what pfizer is saying about whether you may need a

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international criminal case

what russians do with civilian people in our country. we have a lot of examples. in other cities, irpin, almost destroyed. right now we see what happens in mariupol. right now the same scenario we see in our -- >> that is the mayor of kyiv speaking about vladimir putin's brutal assault on his country, and apparent indiscriminant attacks on civilians. many are accusing russia of committing war crimes. ukrainian officials say the number is much higher, that thousands have been killed in cities like mariupol where the international committee of the red cross describes the situation as apocalyptic. the biden administration has yet to declare the attacks as war crimes. andrea mitchell took a look at the allegations, the evidence and what's holding the white

house back. a warning some of the images you are about to see are graphic. joining us first is correspondent andrea mitchell from washington. andrea, when you see the images of, say, the maternity ward that was shelled and the pregnant ladies taken away on stretchers, you wonder how could that not be a war crime? >> reporter: and people are asking those questions including some of our allies. it's only the latest example of russia's apparent targeting of civilians in apartments, subways, increasing the pressure for there to be accountability in what a growing number of countries say are war crimes. an air raid killing at least 47 people. rockets striking the center of kharkiv and a preschool hit with illegal cluster bombs. ukrainian civilians, including children, increasingly the

apparent target of putin's forces and as the world watches the death and destruction allegations of war crimes are growing louder with president zelenskyy warning russia's leaders. he said he will be prosecuted for complicity in war crimes. the u.n. reports that at least 636 civilians have died but the true toll is sure to be even higher. even those trying to flee finding death on the road to safety. witnesses saying russian forces are targeting civilians escaping through humanitarian corridors including this deadly incident in irpin outside kyiv. under siege, civilians are trapped in mariupol where russia shelled a maternity hospital killing three people including a young girl. and now this pregnant woman and her unborn child have died. >> single cars that are trying to escape from mariupol, 350,000

people in mousetrap. >> reporter: russia has denied committing war crimes instead claiming ukraine is staging attacks and killing its own people despite all evidence to the contrary. under decades of international law war crimes are defined as intentionally directing attacks at civilian populations or indiscriminately attacking civilians with objects like hospitals, schools and nuclear power plants. the biden administration supports investigating and documenting potential war crimes. the u.s. ambassador to the u.n. acknowledging bluntly what the world can see. >> they constitute war crimes. they are attacks on civilians that cannot be justified by any -- in any way whatsoever. >> reporter: the international criminal court has opened up an investigation responding to requests from 39 countries including france and the uk for crimes against humanity and acts of genocide.

>> what we have seen already from vladimir putin's regime and the use of the munitions already fully qualifies as a war crime. >> reporter: punishing putin will be difficult if not impossible. the international criminal court and the u.n. security council can take action against war criminals. up to individual countries to enforce convictions and russia, like the u.s., does not recognize the icc's authority, russia can veto any security council action, and the biden administration wants to avoid labeling putin a war criminal now to preserve the chance of eventually negotiating with him for an end to the war. collecting pictures, video and war crimes but it could be months or years before any charges are brought let alone putting vladimir putin on trial for crimes against humanity. >> andrea mitchell, thank you very much. and russia has been pushing propaganda as it wages war on

ukraine. disinformation centers around biolabs in ukraine and fake claims that the united states is planning to release diseases from those labs to harm russians and that russia invaded ukraine to take over the labs. the claims have been debunked but are still picking up momentum. on russian social media far-right forums and conservative media here in the united states, all of them parroting that. joining me is digital senior reporter ben collins. so, ben, how did this start and who is saying it? >> is it started on the far right spaces on the internet, the american far right. then on the day of the invasion when people were looking around in these spaces trying to find a reason by vladimir putin who they have been told for years isn't that bad, isn't that bad of an actor, trying to find a reason why he was shelling these cities and killing innocents in the street in ukraine landed on

these biolabs, one post that took off in the american right-wing media and just last week more mentions in russian of the biolabs than there were in english. >> that is pretty shocking. we're seeing it on fox news. how does it get to fox news? >> it bubbles up in the same way the other things in the mill of right-wing disinformation do. far-right spaces, far-right social networks like gab or rumble and then they get pushed up through twitter, through verified accounts trying to legitimize it by saying they're just asking the question about these things. once it gets to there it gets to places like tucker and to places like rt who literally verbatim

air his segments as their own talking points. these are american conspiracy theories lifted wholesale from russian propaganda because it's working better than their initial pretext for the invasion. i want to stress again this was not a thing that existed in the days before the invasion in russian media. vladimir putin did not bring up biolabs for his reasons but now it's all they can talk about on task which is the russian ap. no mentions of this before -- in the month before the invasion and 24 mentions about biolabs. >> we talk about the disinformation campaign. in a way how could that happen? how can we fathom that happening? we're seeing it happening right now. we saw the results of it. thank you so much for being with us.

mh-17, two nations have launched legal action. the father of one of the victims on why russia should finally be held accountable and later the spread of a more contagious omicron variant sends covid cases soaring in europe. we were hoping not to talk about covid anymore, but stay with us for an update. an update. mm. [ clicks tongue ] i don't know. i think they look good, man. mm, smooth. uh, they are a little tight. like, too tight? might just need to break 'em in a little bit. you don't want 'em too loose. for those who were born to ride there's progressive. with 24/7 roadside assistance. -okay. think i'm gonna wear these home. -excellent choice.

the war in ukraine is reopening an old wound for the families of the victims of mh-17, the passenger jet shot down over ukraine in 2014. now with the world putting pressure on vladimir putin, australia and the netherlands are taking joint legal action against russia. a russian surface-to-air missile took down mh-17 as it flew over disputed territory in eastern ukraine killing all 298 people onboard. the lawsuit cites russia's failure to take any responsibility for their deaths. among those killed was 17-year-old elsinor. i interviewed her father outside of amsterdam. as some memorials grow and others begin to fade away tears are turning into anger. >> hans lost his 17-year-old

daughter who was on the plane with her mother, stepfather and half-brother. >> why my child? why? you tell me. >> four days since the crash and like hundreds of other loved ones, he is still waiting for something, anything, of his little girl. >> can i have that back, a sock or a t-shirt or a ring? >> the images out of ukraine only adding insult to injury, bodies left to rot, rebels disturbing remains, some even reportedly stealing from the victims. in the netherlands, malaysia, memorial services without bodies, funerals stalled and a father with little left to do but write an open letter on facebook. >> thank you very much, mr. putin, leaders of the separatists or the ukraine government. for murdering my only child.

suddenly she's not there anymore. she has been shot out of the sky. regards, elsemeek's father, hans de borst of the netherlands whose life is ruined now. >> hans, personally, very good to see you. your story resonated with me over the years. painful. now you are seeing what's happening in ukraine and russia's aggression, i wonder if you think it could have been different had the world held putin, vladimir putin and russia responsible for what happened to your daughter. >> we tried at the moment, the dutch military ready to go there. the world thought it's better not to because maybe we can talk and first we have to investigate what happens. you saw my letter i wrote to all

those parties that now i can read the letter only to mr. putin because there's overwhelming proof the rocket came from russia, so there's no doubt about it, and the criminal court -- the verdict will come. and, of course, no suspects will come to the jail, but the world can see that this man is a mass murderer, was already then and is more and more now. the world hasn't learned, i'm afraid. >> so australia and the netherlands, where you live, are suing russia right now trying to hold russia and vladimir putin accountable, responsible for the death of your daughter and all the other passengers and crew on mh-17. do you think that -- will that mean anything for you?

>> it means something because it's a follow-up of the bilateral talks that already was there three years ago. but russia stepped out of that. we had talks with them. and then now we don't have anything to do with it. and now have to go to the united nations, so maybe that will take years, again, but i am patient for this. and one day the world can already see what one party is responsible for the mass murder and for this happening in ukraine now. i'm so sad. what you see now is incredible. >> hans, every year you and other family members go to the hague across from the russian embassy, and we have a picture of it. 298 empty chairs representing all of those lives lost, and you

say that to accept barbarism is to invite more. >> yes, we made this poster two months ago and the world accepted this now in crimea and we accepted it and there were a bit of sanctions, very soft. now the world -- one thing that happened now the world is united now against him, and that he didn't expect, i think, and this poster is the truth. sorry to hear, to have to be right at this point. >> hans, correct me if i'm wrong, but elsemiek would have been 25 next month? >> i'm celebrating with her friends. i hope to go to a restaurant or something. and they go on with their lives and i go on with my life, but i miss her every day and we talk

about the wounds open now and the wound is still there, but you can live and you can also do nice things again. with all the information from ukraine, every day i think i saw this, i saw this before. the same information, the same procedure russia goes over and over again and the world has to stop it now. maybe now it's there. companies leave the country now. two weeks ago it was a party where we could trade. it was all about money. but from now on i think the world is united against this mass murderer. that's one positive thing. >> we have seen at least the countries across the west and other countries as well uniting and staying united in the face of this. hans -- >> and europe -- europe is never

united but now it is. >> yes. hans de borst, thanks so much. it is good to see you. i'm very glad to have you on. >> thank you. thanks for having me. bye-bye. >> we'll be right back. >> we'll be right back ack soon. we all do things that leave us vulnerable rime and financial loss. like using the same password you've had since high school. ll-cool_josh78 but aura makes digital security easy! aura protects your finances, and our security experts are available 24/7. we block suspicious content... and we prevent fraud with monitoring and alerts. want to be virtually invincible? try for free today. my auntie called me. want to be virtually invincible? she said uncle's had a heart attack. i needed him to be here. your heart isn't just yours. protect it with bayer aspirin. be sure to talk to your doctor before you begin an aspirin regimen.

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covid cases may be falling near the united states, but that they are climbing once again across europe. nearly half of all european countries reported spikes in infections over the past week which could be in part because of relaxed mitigation measures and the waning protection of vaccines. meanwhile the ceo of pfizer says a fourth shot which would amount to a second booster is necessary. the company plans to submit data to a fourth shod to the fda now. with me is a senior scholar at the johns hopkins for health security. are you concerned about what's going on in europe? >> it's too early to know exactly what the trajectory of europe is going to be. i think there's multiple factors at play. decreased mitigation measures, maybe waning of immunity and the ba 2 variant which seems to be

increasing in certain parts of the country. are we seeing increased severity u are we seeing hospitals go into crisis? i think that's increasingly going to be unlikely because of the level of population immunity, especially to something like omicron which is going to give protection against the other variant and the availability of antivirals, monoclonal antibodies. >> as for a fourth shot, is that something that you're going to expect to recommend? >> for high-risk individuals i think it makes sense to have a fourth dose, people immunocompromised, people that are elderly. pfizer asked for fda approval for age 65 and above. i think that makes sense. i don't think we need a blanket recommendation for everybody to get another booster vaccination. if we're talking about protection in severe disease, even two shots is sufficient to protect against hospital and three shots certainly. >> there are a lot of folks out there who are still

understandably nervous about covid, a lot of immunocompromised folks as well. can you talk to me about the effectiveness of one-way masking for those who are still concerned about their own health? >> one-way masking hurts. that's especially true if you're using an n95,k 95, kf94, one of those that provides a lot of filtration. individuals can wear those when they're indoors, around people whose status they don't know. that's exactly what we wear in the hospital when we're taking care of a patient with tuberculosis. i wear an n95 mask so i'm protected. it's important to know that's what we've always done in hospitals is one-way masking. that same type of rationale applies to one-way masking in the community now that better masks are available to the general public. >> not everybody has to wear a mask. the person concerned about themselves can wear a mask and

they will get protection even if they want to go to a concert with a bunch of people who aren't masked. >> if they're wearing a well-fitting mask, yes, they will get protection. this pandemic is going to be about individual risk tolerance. one-way masking is an important tool for people that are immunocompromised. >> thank you for joining us today and putting it all into perspective for us. we appreciate it. >> thanks. that's going to do it for me today. hallie jackson picks up our coverage next.

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as we come on the air, more american help may be headed to ukraine soon with president biden just signing a bill into law to send more than $13 billion there. a new lifeline as the white house announces the president is heading to brussels next week to meet with allies about putin's unrelenting war, a war where more and more residential areas like the one you're looking at in kyiv are being targeted. this was the scene earlier in kharkiv helping a woman escape from a building there, bringing her down. and once they got on the ground everybody scrambling for cover after a russian fighter jet flew overhead. seconds later a loud explosion. knocking some people down to the ground. that's what life is like on the ground right now. the un says more than 3 m