regions. the statement also said that military intervention in poland would have the most negative consequences. >> senior officials are operating on the assumption that the last thing the russians want to do is invade poland, recognizing an invasion will make everything much worse. but at the same time, the russians continue to increase their military pressure on poland. for example, on both sides of the east german polish border, a 40 mile ward strip has been closed to foreign observers. there are ten soviet divisions about 100,000 troops in this area. on poland's eastern front, from the baltic military district in the north to the carpathian in the south, -- forces are in wet officials here call and enhanced state of readiness. >> the consequences for the part of europe, the west -- have been made clear to the soviet leadership. there are a number of channels. >> this standoff with the

soviet union was sparked by the success of a -- pro democracy here in poland, a pro democracy movement here in poland. you will remember, it the solidarity movement. it began as labor strikes in a polish shipyard and quickly grew into a national phenomenon under its charismatic leader, let valencia. the communist government in poland being forced into compromises with these democratic labor activists. and the soviet union did not like that one bit. in the end, though, the soviet union did not need to invade poland. the communist polish government declared martial law and staged its own military invention. protests were brutally put down. demonstrators were killed. thousands of opposition activists were in prison. but that was not the end of the story. actually, it was just the beginning of the story. because the solitary movement was not destroyed. it operated underground through years of repression, until it burst back into the open in the

late 19 80s. and it forced the government into something that had never happened in the history of communist eastern europe. free and fair elections. >> the unthinkable was happening before their eyes. polls relished every -- result. added to a crushing defeat of the -- masters of poland. the communist party. >> it is one step in our escape from served, i'm from communism. >> solidarity computed that it is candidates we completely control the polish senate, and win every -- seat -- the other house in poland's -- way. >> we all must prevail poland. no matter who -- >> with their first step towards democracy's defense successfully take, and polls descended on the chinese embassy to protest the repression in that country. they had confronted their communist party at the ballot box. and not a single drop of blood had been shed. >> the first domino to fall in

the collapse of the soviet union fell right here in poland. the leader of solidarity, like valencia, became poland's first democratically elected president. anti communist -- swept across eastern europe. the berlin wall came down. in less than three, years the soviet union was no more. some 30 years later, poland now once again finds itself on the front lines of a confrontation with russia. this one unfortunately fall from bloodless. as the were from ukraine rages next door, and millions of refugees flee over the border. president biden arrived in poland today for a firsthand look at the humanitarian response. he was greeted by poland's president, in a town just 60 miles from the ukrainian border. biden hailed poland for taking in so many refugees. and poland has not just been leading on the humanitarian front. poland's government has been rallying european governments and aid for ukraine, and it's -- being a lynch man of ruston --

western solidarity against russia. here's the thing, it wasn't a foregone conclusion that poland would be such an eager partner with the united states and europe against russia. in recent years, poland was more likely to be fighting with europe as its right wing government has been rolling back pullen's very hard -- on democratic reforms. less than one month before russia's invasion of ukraine, colin's prime minister attended a conference of far-right, largely pro putin european leaders. and yet, since the invasion, poland's government has turned out to be perhaps the loudest voice of european solidarity against vladimir putin. maybe they remembers soviet troops massing on their own borders 40 years ago, and their own solidarity movement, ultimately facing them -- or maybe it was the horror and brutality of russia's invasion of poland, or russia's invasion of ukraine playing out so close

to pullman. today, from the devastated ukrainian city of mariupol, we saw the first images from inside that theater that russia bombed nine days ago. ukrainians who had been sheltering inside, stunned, covered in dust. as the narrator shows a missile hits the center of the theater. officials the mary opal today sit around 300 people who are taking shelter in the building were killed. that's a claim that is not possible for us to verify this point. but if true, it would be the single worst atrocity since the war began. a bomb dropped on a shelter marked with signs saying children. large enough to be read from the sky. meanwhile, 80 miles northeast of ukraine's capital, the city of chernihiv is surrounded by russian troops. the city's mayor took this footage of the destruction of his city. we're up to 150,000 people remain trapped. he says they can't cope with all the dead. chernihiv is thought to be strategically important for russians because it stands on

the root towards kyiv, from the north. but now that there is some indication that the russians are narrowing their military objective. the perspective is changing. russian military officials today held a briefing in front of a very big map. saying that the operation in ukraine is entering a new phase, focused on the complete liberation of the donbas. that, you will recall, is the eastern region that russia and ukraine have been fighting over for years. the russian officials claim today that russia's assault on cities like kyiv, that was just a distraction. to lure ukrainian forces away from the east. which seems like a pretty ridiculous assertion. but it is sparking some hope that the russians are rethinking. the breath of the military operation. joining us now from kyiv is igor novikov, he's a former adviser to the ukrainian president zelenskyy. mr. novikov, thank you for being here.

we appreciate your time. we realize it's the middle of the night. i do want to ask you about this speculation. these reports that russia is saying, basically all we were looking for was donbas. and everything else was a distraction. what do you make of that? >> well, i think the military operation has not gone to plan. -- with the wording, here i wouldn't trust anything the russia says. -- we run into information trouble around kyiv, they've run into -- to the northwest of kyiv, it's not gone to plan for them around -- and southern ukraine, i think the only area where their operation is semi successful that would be eastern ukraine. and, my cousin is actually a soldier on the front lines in the eastern ukraine, so i get -- from him. they have -- a lot of ukrainian armies there. they are not being entirely successful, but it's definitely going better for them there than elsewhere in ukraine. >> so, let's play that out.

whether it's because -- whether they were trying to distract ukrainian forces, or because, as you say it's not going to plan. in the end, how does it affect the outcome? what is president zelenskyy, what is his response? if he says, we just went on bass? >> i think our government has been explicitly clear there is no compromise on our territorial integrity and sovereignty. so even if they are successful in the bond that has, that will not -- that will be a temporary situation of the global community and ukraine will have to deal with. but let's not jump ahead of ourselves. because, i mean, there's so much at stake at the moment. we've seen russian reposition people to belarus and southern russia. so i think we are -- likely to see a second wave of attacks. and kyiv has become -- and we've heard a number of

explosions in the late afternoon. of, you know, the magnitude we haven't heard for a while. so, with putin you never know. so the situation is at the peak of its uncertainty. that would be my description. >> okay, as you say. let's not get ahead of ourselves. the current issue right now that you have president biden in poland. he was 60 miles from the border. he has been attempting to rally nato and european allies against russia, with more support for ukraine. obviously, president zelenskyy's not getting everything his been asking for from nato or the west. what is going to allow you to fight longer? what is the bare minimum that you can come away with from president biden's trip? >> well, look, there's a simple way to describe it. we are getting enough to hold russia back, and to be successful. so if i had to quantify it, i

would say it's in the 70% -- 70% ukrainian defiance, and 30% -- we could use a lot more hardware. and we need our skies close asap if we want to -- civilian casualties that amount. that's the bare minimum. but you know, one thing we have to be clear about, this is not a russian ukrainian war. this is a global conflict that is going to spread to eastern europe. it's going to affect the number of different, you know, places in the world. i think what we need the most is for the west to overcome that inertia of denial. to understand that, you know, it doesn't end in ukraine. it ends with regime tray change. -- let me give you an example. apart from the military -- there's also economic and informational war. ukraine is actually being relatively successful, trying to erode that foundation of --

one example would be how the image of -- from chechnya is changing. ukraine has been really successful in disputing the myth that he is an almighty figure in russia. and we've turned him somewhat -- the actor who pretended -- that's what we did to -- we turned him into a meme. and if we erode that fear, you, know that could be a possibility of certain regime changes in russia. sooner or later. at the end -- i think what we need to do, we need to work together and make sure we get the best outcome of the situation. get peace as quickly as possible, and prevent civilian deaths. children should not be dying in the 21st century, initiator. >> igor, thank you for your

time this morning. this early morning for you. igor -- to present zelenskyy, we appreciate you being here tonight. tonight, president joe biden joined the president in poland for a brimming -- briefing for ukrainian refugees entering poland. the two men will have a formal meeting in warsaw tomorrow. biden's high profile visit -- the vital role of pollen to this vital -- for more on this, i want to turn to steven -- who previously served as ambassador for poland and lithuania. he's now the vice -- for global affairs at the university of virginia. thank you for making time to be here tonight. i just want to draw attention to something i said a few minutes ago. it was not obvious to the world that poland would be at the vanguard of this fights that vladimir zelenskyy says is a fight for democracy, and a fight for democracy in the east bloc and eastern european

countries. it just was not obvious the way poland has been going. it's, like hungary had been backsliding on the democratic scale in the last few years. >> good evening, ali. it's good to be with you. i think, in fact, poland has been since it join nato in 1999, the most important strategic repositioned ally of the united states in the region. and that become critically more so since this invasion started just over one month ago. poland shares about 330 mile border with ukraine. which puts it right on the first -- of this tragedy unfolding right next door. but that border is also a conduit for an increasing number of military weapons that we are sending to the ukrainians, through our polish friends. but it's also the conduit through which the major -- are coming out of the crisis are flowing into the rest of europe.

-- it seems like there's a good chance it will in the coming weeks. that border is going to be a really serious flash point that we need to be worried about as a nato ally of poland. >> let's think about that. it's a big border. but, as you said, all of the stuff ... a large majority of the support and material are going across the polish border. we know that more than two thirds of the refugees coming out are going through that polish border. poland is taking a big risk right now. it's hoping to lean on its nato allies to say, don't have us take this one alone. this could be very bad. is it poland's experience, either through the wars or in the solidarity movement that ended communism here, that zelenskyy could be right? this thing could be spreading last? >> absolutely. i was serving in poland when russia first began invading ukraine eight years ago.

i could tell you that conflict was much less serious than we are seeing here out in ukraine. and back, then the entire polish government -- polish decidedly were really frightened that the russians weren't going to stop -- and would reclaim and dominated during -- occupied for 123 years before world war i. so that may seem like a long time ago for us, but it's really fresh. freshman poll and memory. it is a big risk that they are taking. and funneling all of this military assistance. it makes them a target. but they believe they already are a target. and they are going to take that risk. >> what do you think success looks like in the meeting between joe biden and due to tomorrow? is there something they can do that sort of steps a little bit further have been where nato is right now? >> well, i think the polish

government has been quite clear that they welcome everything the united states has done to support the ukrainian government in their struggle with the russians. they'd like a lot more. and so, president duterte certainly is looking for an even bigger commitment from us to make sure that the ukrainian army has what it needs to repel the russian invaders. at the same time, i think president biden is looking to make sure that we are as tightly coordinated as possible. >> thank you for your time tonight. >> -- thank you. >> i'm sorry. please finish your sentence. i had an interruption in my ear. i thought you had finished. i apologize. please continue what you are saying. >> -- you may remember a few weeks ago, there was a miscommunication over transferring the possible transfer of polish fighter jets

to ukraine. it was a communicated particularly well. so i think the president biden wants to make sure that we are absolutely hand and glove in working together with our polish allies. >> that sort of played out by press release, which i don't think within anybody's best interest. ambassadors, sorry for the interruption. thank you for your time tonight. we really appreciate it. steven mull is the former ambassador to poland. much more ahead tonight. including, we're gonna be talking about some refugees who we saw in poland and the experiences that they are having while they're here. we're also going to be discussing developments on the nuclear threat that is hanging over ukraine. we'll talk to a former nato official about how a desperate russia could use smaller, so-called tactical nukes. and how the west might respond to that. stay with us. espond to that. stay with us stay with us ... ... so i don't have to deal with that terrifying pile of invoices. intuit quickbooks helps you easily send your first invoice in 3 steps. simple.

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hangs over everybody's discussion of russia's invasion of ukraine's how everybody

thinks about the threat of nuclear war. it's been 76 years since the united states launched -- in the japanese cities of hiroshima and nagasaki. killing more than 200,000 people. but no punches his nuclear weapons and wars since that. but the nuclear also has grown exponentially. today russia and the united states possessions bombs more than 1000 times as powerful as the ones that were dropped on japan during world war ii. now -- since the cold war western countries are in a standoff with a global nuclear superpower. but some national security experts say that the real and immediate threat is not the nuclear weapons have gotten bigger since world war ii. it's actually that they've gotten smaller. today russia's thought to have between 1000 and 2000 tactical nuclear weapons. those weapons are much smaller than the ones of the u.s. dropped here on hiroshima but is still capable of causing

unthinkable death and human suffering. and their launch using the same missiles currently deploying against ukrainian cities. one nuclear expert wrote in a recent article for scientific american quote, a tactical nuclear weapon would cause all the horrors of hiroshima. but on assault mueller scale. it would produce a fireball, shock wave, deadly radiation that would cause long term health damage in survivors. radioactive fallout would contaminate air, soil, water and the food supply. end quote most experts believe that the use of nuclear weapons in this war remain highly unlikely. but there is growing concern as this war drags on. that vladimir putin might resort to using smaller weapons of mass destruction. as we reported here last night the white house is a team of specialists to develop contingency plans for what to do in place that are putin decides to employ chemical,

biological, or even small nuclear weapons in ukraine. so, how worried should we be about that escalation by the russian military? joining us now is roy's got a more former united states under of state for arms control who served as deputy secretary general of nato. thank you for being with us this evening. i guess i need to ask you. in my brain i really don't distinguish between a little and big nuclear attacks. or tactical versus something else. they also seem really bad to me. but tell me about the idea of tactical smaller nuclear attack. ? the >> you are absolutely right to emphasize that. with big or small. it's the absolute breaking of a taboo that has existed since world war ii. and we really like to change the world as we know it. it would really i think lead to global condemnation of law got

a very potent of the entire russian regime. as a scientific and american author said these are weapons of enormous destruction power. they are frightening in their destructive power. and so, they would galvanize i think global attention away. beyond what we've seen today. -- for ukraine's. so, i think the kremlin is no doubt thinking twice about their week. >> yeah, i guess that's the issue. we're all surprised. we all know everybody of a certain age has seen how this unfolds. how there is an understanding that we don't have -- that that's something that vladimir putin was talking about from before this invasion was launched. and he continues to do so. now it's quite -- but it has caused quite the wettest to convene a team to say what happens if this happens. tell me what you think about what happens if they use any

kind of nuclear weapon in ukraine? >> yeah, i think that's a really important point. i'll come back to the way -- from the kremlin side. but they have been rattling the saber since 2014. putin enjoys doing. it since the invasion of -- into thousand 14. it would be funny if it were not so tragic. but the fact that throughout the years the soviet power and into the russian federation, their propaganda machine has regularly -- behind the united states for being the kind the bad boy of using weapons of this kind -- and i think the russian leadership is having second thoughts about having that moral burden put on their shoulder. suddenly they become the bad way of the global regime. and propaganda directed at that perhaps. so, that's why i'm thinking that is the steam is quieted down a bit. and the focus sadly nonetheless

has shifted to perhaps that chemical attack in this invasion. >> i want to talk to you about that. because the mind doesn't react the same way to chemicals and biological attacks as it does to nuclear when we talk about it. when we think. about it but they're awful. and they're widely used and they're also disallowing it. it also comes. up. when you think is the likelihood of chemical or biological weapons being used? >> sadly in the last year in particular with the civil war in syria. where russia's been very involved in the last decade. chemicals were used regularly in warfare. although that was prohibited by the chemical weapons convention. whether you are using chlorine and gas which is an industrial chemical. or whether you're using -- which is a nerve agent. all of this is prohibited by the chemical weapons convention. which the russians have signed up. two but nevertheless they have

been shielding and defending the -- over the past ten years. as they have been using chlorine and mustard gas. so, i would say they kind of have a lot of -- practical experience over the last ten years. so, that's what concerns me a bit about the situation in ukraine. but nevertheless we need to -- condemn any use of chemicals whether it's the ammonia they have stockpiled apparently. or whether it's any kind of chemical agent. we need to be ready to round and condemn that and add it to the pile of evidence that's accumulated of war crimes in the death initiate of crimea. >> joe biden made a reference to that today. he will be addressing the world tomorrow and i suspect at this topic that you're discussing will come up. rose gobbler thank you for joining us she's the former united states undersecretary of state for arms control in the former deputy secretary general of nato. well in a speech today vladimir

putin use some conservative talking points and accuse the west of trying to quote, cancel russian culture. meanwhile his own inner circle continues to get mysteriously smaller. begging the question of whether the russian leader is starting to lose his grip of control. a journalist who's forced to flee russia to avoid arrest joins us next. russia to avoid arres joins us next. joins us next. all these other things too. it can all add up. kesimpta is a once-monthly at-home injection... that may help you put these rms challenges in their place. kesimpta was proven superior at reducing the rate of relapses, active lesions, and slowing disability progression vs aubagio. don't take kesimpta if you have hepatitis b, and tell your doctor if you have had it, as it could come back. kesimpta can cause serious side effects, including infections. while no cases of pml were reported in rms clinical trials, it could happen. tell your doctor if you had or plan to have vaccines, or if you are or plan to become pregnant. kesimpta may cause a decrease in some types of antibodies.

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video that a russian state sponsored news outlet released

of president putin meeting with his security council. it's 11 second long in the focus here was on the guy in the upper left hand corner. that guy. that's the russian defense minister server shoe coup left or being on russian tv nearly every day in this war had been conspicuously absent for the public eye for nearly two weeks. this 11 seconds was widely interpreted as russia saying hey, he's still here. definitely nothing we are going on and this video spotted by the moscow times is from nearly two weeks earlier from march 11th. now check this out. the moscow times points out that the defense minister is wearing the exact same outfit in both videos. he's in front of the exact same background, all of his movements seem to exactly mirror one another. now, there's been a ton of speculation in the west that putin may be doing some sort of a purge of his inner circle. there are reports that putin arrested the deputy head of the russia national guard. at a u.s. intelligence told the

wall street journal that they believe that incredible report of one of russia's top intelligence agency units. is under house. arrest he was the. first -- in charge of gathering intel about ukraine leading up to the war. now nbc's not independently confirmed any of these reports. and part of the reason for that is that the reporting that you need to do to get to the bottom of this simply cannot happen in russia. even the moscow times is no longer in russia. they relocated to the netherlands earlier this. months the russia passed a law making it illegal for journalists to even call the war in ukraine a war. the lies forced the last bastions of independent press to either flee the country are shy away from any real war reporting altogether. in this story in particular would be illegal twice over. because back in 2020 the russian government it illegal to report anything about the

russian security services. so, there hasn't been press on this stuff out of russia for years now. our next guest is a russian journalist who covered the russian security service for decades. and decided in 2020 that rather than stop reporting are getting thrown in jail. he leave the country and report from london. he's improperly well sourced and maybe one of the best people on the planet in a position to help us make sense of all this. joining us now is andres el dorado, investigative journalist expert on russian state intelligence apparatus. the author of the compatriots, the brutal and chaotic history of russia exile and -- agents abroad. andré, thank you so much for joining us. there is something so interesting in your report. and your sources do not believe that these disappearances and vladimir putin's inner circle are punishment for will or not going the way they planned. but they actually might be a mole hunt. tell us about? that. >> yes we got two weeks ago

that vladimir putin decided to fsb, and the head of the espionage unit or the fsb was placed under house arrest. the source reports are indicating that he was placed under house arrest because intelligence provided to putin before the invasion was not -- they did not expect any resistance from the russian troops. and we know now that what is actually happened is the fierce resistance from the ukrainians. but it looks like now it's coming something else. it's not only about bad intelligence. it's not only about misusing of funds, allocating funds of government to cultivate political -- in ukraine. which would be more supportive

of the russian invasion. it's also about trying to find a source of the u.s. intelligence. and why does use intelligence for -- so accurate. and it started with the fsb in this particular because this unit was also in charge of the obtaining official -- that the cia. so, we started there. because these guys were known to have at least some context for intelligence. >> now let's talk about the defense minister shoigu being out of the public eye. obviously this is not a name or person with who our western audiences are familiar. why, tell me about why this is such a big deal that he was active at the beginning of the invasion and suddenly seem to have disappeared for two weeks and now there's questions about whether this video that he was on is really current or from two weeks ago? >> well, first of all this war is very different from what we've had before. with putin.

between chechnya, georgia, and syria. all these wars we have a commander who was in charge of the operation on the battlefield. this war is different because we do not have such a person. the public face of the war from the military side is sergei short who, the minister of the defense -- despite the fact that he has no military training. no military education and he's an engineer by his training. nevertheless because he was always extremely close to putin they -- show a goose a very popular in the country became a popular face of the war. now he disappeared for almost two weeks. and there's no public explanation. and some rumors of maybe he had some problems with his heart. maybe the problem is that the war is not going the way that everybody in moscow want it. >> andrei soldatov thank you for your excellent reporting on

this. andrea said that it investigated journals and an expert on the -- intelligence apparatus. we're gonna take a quick break but still ahead we're gonna be checking in with a friend of ours named alexander pork rankle, alexandra stilling kyiv where life -- amidst the invasion but first we'll show you the the people are going into poland to welcome ukrainian refugees. you won't want to miss that. rainian refugees you won't want to miss that.

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a lesson that you could see belies just how quickly these high school sort of had to grow up. since fleeing their home country weeks ago. >> i miss my city so much, if we were friends you would just, you would have to see my hundred messages about how i want my home. i miss my city, because if war stopped, just like that -- i need to wait two months before going back home. it destroyed, it destroyed all my. city. i was home when the bomb blast in the house. i just saw its noise and a, it's so crazy and strange. >> contrast richina school is a welcome relief. >> i want to say thank you to all the poland. people >> from gym class, to the lunchroom. new friendships are formed. >> sometimes the presidents is the most that we can give.

and the most important thing that they get from us. because they need it. they left their families. ukraine. so, every way of help is needed as much needed. >> they need. friends >> they want to talk -- and feel like -- >> none the city wants them to feel welcome to on every warsaw lamppost our ukrainian flags welcoming them here. warsaw's a city of about 1.7 6 million people. recent estimates are about 4000 1000 refugees have come to the city. that's a 17% increase in the population. but half of those refugees are children. so, despite all the social services that are being offered to these refugees. local officials say it's not enough. >> you told me that the polish students are doing a great job, the parents of the students are

doing a great job, and the people in the community are helping you a lot. still you say you need more? >> we have to provide for these kids. because some of them are sleeping in our room with ten or 20 people on a mattress. we need more financing. to give them breakfast, and to give them dinners. if the number of kids in poland grow, the schools grow by one fold. it's a huge burden. poland is not such a wealthy country. to take care of it by ourselves. -- schools had mastery tells me that he thinks that the other eu countries need to step up to help poll and financially. and that poll and there's a lot to finance. here huge lines are seen each day as refugees lined up for a government i.d. number. like a social security number

in the united states it guarantees them the right to work, free health care, and education. and for the students receiving that education will starting in polish school may feel like starting over they don't intend to -- let the challenge all the. back >> if you don't want to learn you could learn. -- i will not -- i know that it's important for me and i need to learn. >> well tomorrow president biden will be coming here from warsaw, poland, to meet refugees from ukraine and talk to officials here about the extraordinary mandatory efforts that they're undertaking as pull it absorbs more than 2 million refugees and counting. we'll be right back. counting. we'll be right back. we'll be right back. ...so that no one knows i'm secretly terrified inside. inner voice (sneaker shop owner): i'm using hand gestures and pointing... ...so no one can tell i'm unsure about my business finances. inner voice (furniture maker): i'm constantly nodding... ...because i know everything about furniture... ...but with the business side...

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second day of the war in ukraine. and on that day rachael talked to a restaurant owner in the capital city of kyiv. named alexander program call like most of his compatriots he was new to war. he told -- some of his neighbors were learning how to survive. they found some pool chairs and pillows and transformed an underground parking garage into a bunker. while taking turns guarding the door with these weapons. now much has changed since then. alexander is no longer sleeping in the underground garage. most of his neighbors are gone. he doesn't have the guns anymore. he donated them to the men on the front line. alexander didn't leave kyiv because he couldn't believe his

parents behind that is changed to. they left the city a week ago. he stayed. he told us today i'm not allowed to leave the country. and i don't want to be anywhere else. a peace with his decision to stay in kyiv until the end alexander decided to be of service. he started by driving people to train stations so they could escape. he then worked with other restaurant owners to prepare meals for ukrainian soldiers. and then one day suddenly he received a text message from a friend that put him on a new path. his friend told alexander's relatives needed food and medicine. so alexander found the supplies. and delivered them. and this initiated a chain of help. supported by his friends in restaurant industry and ten volunteers. alexander now spends most of his days delivering food to those in need. about 50 to 75 bags daily containing eggs, butter, bread, chicken, milk whatever they can find. he's also picking up medicine for elderly people. during one of his deliberately

better ukrainian grandmother who had been unable to leave kyiv. she was so overwhelmed by alexander's visit that she broke down in tears. she said she never expected to live her last days like this. as alexander tried to district a district delivering foodies time a witness to war. he took this video that you're watching on his phone earlier this week. that pile of debris, is the retro ville shopping center in kyiv. it used to be a vibrant place that was filled with restaurants, shops, fancy mcdonald's. it's all gone. all of. it was hit by a russian missile on monday. according to kyiv independent elise for -- eight people died in that. strike is only five --

so he's very aware that the war is moving close to his own home. he said in a test but it is patient feel like a game of roulette. russian. roulette and many day could be his day. but he is ready to fight. joining us again is kyiv resident and restaurant owner alexander -- alexander, we're really grateful for you joining us tonight. so much has changed in this month. so much. tell us about what your life is like now compared to a month ago? >> good evening. while the light has changed to anticipation of the war getting closer and closer. to where you are. it was already in our lives. but now we can hear the bombing more often. we hear this siren i would say every, not every day but at every moment but every hour.

so, life has changed socially. and as you heard before now are helping out not just people who need food, but people who need -- medicine and there are a lot of people with management for thyroid that are in need. medicine for diabetics. you cannot find it anywhere, anywhere in ukraine so my friends from abroad but -- brought this medicine and sent it to me. and volunteers also buying this medicine. all around kyiv region. and a few of my friends even from different parts of ukraine are also buying out this medicine. and sending it to me. and we're giving it away for free. because people are really in need of it. so, basically life has changed totally. from normal to nightmare.

seeing these people, seeing -- what they're really going through. it's a terrible shock for us, and i would say for any citizen of the world. >> tell me about when you say seeing them and seeing their eyes. i'm talking about the other side when they leave the country. when they get off these. trains whether it's hungry, or here in poland. it's women, children, generally without man. because -- people like you can wait. what do the guy look like on your side? >> i would say pretty much the same. they are scared, two groups of people when you deliver food and medicine. one group is when you -- saying okay i'll go downstairs. or i'll meet you in front of my

building. and then the rest say, please come to this floor that floor. and you're going up and you see they can move. while the bombing, -- to the basement and the time they cannot move. grandma, grand woman was she can barely move. and though more than 60% of people just cannot go anywhere. so, they're scared they don't have much time to go downstairs and that shocking. because this is something a normal that you could see during this stage. and. those grand people. they need to have respect from

from all the world. they need to believe in calm and -- not like now. this is happening right now. this shouldn't happen to these people. and it makes me and the rest of the people who don't want to take the leave it makes me stay because if not asked. because if not asked it's been a whole month since the russian attacked ukraine. and russians ukraine and russians the live shopping