good morning, it is sunday march 27. i am velshi in warsaw, poland. just across the border, russia's been attacking ukraine for 15 days now. president biden was recently in poland to rally support for embattled. ukraine in an important speech, biden frame this war is a

battle of the generations for democracy worldwide, but created a picture of hope while blasting putin for his brutality. >> we will have a different future, a brighter future, we democracy in principle and open, light decency and dignity, freedom and possibilities, for god's sake, this man cannot remain in power. congress you all. >> in what was one of my least favorite clarifications ever, the white house says the u.s. has quote, no strategy overs eugene change in russia or anywhere else, and quote. president biden has been urgently meeting with world leaders of the european union and nato to show support for ukraine, and to try to ensure a global united front against russia's aggression. which could potentially be a major blow to russia's economy, biden has indicated that the united states will increase shipments of liquefied natural gas to europe in efforts to wean those nations off of their

reliance on russian oil and gas. he's also called and russian to be kicked out of the g20, which would also reduce putin's influence over the global economy. however, as world leaders grapple with how to -- the kremlin without direct military intervention, the war in ukraine rages on. just across the border, president biden was meeting in poland, and russian missile strikes hit lviv. the second largest city in ukraine. the blasts left at least five people, injured according to the mayor. prior to this airstrike, the ukrainian city of over 700,000 had largely been spared from russia's aggressions. that turned into something of a safe haven for fleeing ukrainians. >> we held this sound of the explosion. and blasts were brought from the sound, we tried to hide it. between the buildings.

as a crumbling continues to launch aerial, attacks the united kingdom's defense minister says, it appears that russia is facing major challenges in its offensive from the skies. the ministry says that russia's invasion has been hampered by moves to protect its own aircraft for being shot down by ukrainian troops. and the kremlin has been relying on munitions that are launched from far greater distances, in order to avoid its planes actually entering ukrainian airspace. that has resulted in a depletion of sophisticated sky dependent weapons, and it's a little right of striking intended targets, according to the uk. with russian taking the flight to the sky, russian president vladimir zelenskyy is calling for more planes to ukraine's defense. in a video message yesterday, ukraine has too many guns and not enough planes, according to zelenskyy. he says that 1% of nato's planes would help the country be back. russia and suggest the western alliance was afraid to challenge putin so directly in

this way. as global leaders grapple with how to solve this conflict, the humanitarian crisis is continuing to grow. the united nations refugee agency estimates now that more than 3.8 million ukrainians have fled the country since the war began. in more than 2.2 million have fled right here to poland. later on in the, show i will be speaking with a teenage ukrainian who is doing their best to help refugees in warsaw, despite being one herself. for, now i want to go to ukraine. joining me now is jacob soboroff, live in lviv. jacob, 24 hours ago you and i were talking with air raid sirens. and then shortly thereafter there were a couple of. strikes how is a city recovering today? >> slowly but surely. i think this one city, that may have been the one place where there was a sense of safety, security, even if it was misplaced. it is now taking stock of what the reality is, here on the. ground like i, said you and i were talking about 4:00 local

time yesterday, when they write sirens went off. it is something that we've heard play regularly here. usually you just wait for the all clear in the new go on with your day-to-day life in the city. but seeing literally millions of internally displaced people passing by on their way to become refugees in those countries on nato's eastern flank. but instead, a very different scene played. out for 30. just a couple of miles directly behind me to the north of our position here in the city center of lviv, a fuel depot was hit by an incoming russian cruise missiles. the russian military offenses that now, those were shot from an airplane in a targeted strike. long-range targeted strike. when we went to the location last night, directly from. here saw we are seeing on the left-hand side. huge inferno which the military and said the local officials have said was used for military purposes here in ukraine. not long after we arrived on the scene out there, there was another strike directly before the president of the united states was sets to give that speech in warsaw, to address

not just the people there in poland, but the people of the. world a huge speech billed as a battle between democracy and autocracies. vladimir putin and the russians have said that we are going to focus on the eastern part of this country, yesterday the top russian general had said. that but it turns out obviously to be had of. it in from where i am sitting right now, we saw that happen firsthand. it was, shattering i think, to the people. here we talked yesterday about how people tried to go about their normal lives of a sense of defiance. today, it is much quieter on the streets. we walk into a church earlier today. last sunday we were in the same charge. it was a sparsely attended service. today the church was packed with people praying for peace. praying for the war to. and in i am sure people were terrified, completely rattled, by what happened yesterday. >> jacob, thank you for your reporting. we will continue to talk to you through the course of the next couple of hours. jacob soboroff is live in lviv, ukraine. joining us now is the ambassador bill taylor. he's a former united states

ambassador to the ukraine under the bush and mom along the trump administration's. he's currently the vice president of russia in the -- ambassador, thank you for being with us. i want to start with a quick evaluation of the 96 hours of joe biden in europe, in brussels, and here speaking to the polish president, going to the border, speaking to u.s. troops, meeting with refugees. do you think he achieved what he wanted to over the last couple of days? >> yes, i think he did. the most powerful thing today politician can, do that a leader can do, is show. up show up in, europe show up in poland, show up on the border, shops talk to troops. and the airborne troops, he had some affiliation. with he showed up to talk to refugees. being there is really important. and his message was strong, ali. these powerful speeches he gave yesterday was a capstone on all of the topics, all of the issues, all of the commitments

that he made and had gotten from his colleagues in europe. so i think it was a strong performance. >> let me ask you this. when i listen to his comments, that half of what appears to be an off the cuff comments, now the idea that vladimir putin must go, that stopped quickly. because that actually sounds like something more impactful than no-fly zone. this was personal. and as we have learned from people who know vladimir putin, this failure of being able to take ukraine under a week seems to be personal. it seems to me he's very upset with those around him. what do you think of the fact that joe biden made that comments, and the white house seems to suggest it is not really what he meant? >> i think joe biden meant that comment. you have made the point that this does not look like something that just occurred to him. this was a moral statement. this was a personal statements that president biden, joe biden, feels. and i think you are right.

i think you're both directed by president putin. putin has a hard time hearing this kind of thing. and more important, ali, the russian people don't hear these. the russian people are going to hear that. they are going to hear that president biden called president putin a butcher in a war criminal. and the russian people are going to start to hear this story. they are going to start asking questions about what their soldiers, with their brothers and fathers, are doing in ukraine. they don't know this. so i think this is a personal statement by president biden. i think this will be fueled. i don't think this is a change in policy. it is not a new strategy or new way to go about the war. no. this was what he felt about president putin. >> when i think is interesting, let somebody like you would understand because of the time he spent in central and eastern europe, is that the russians did respond to. it they did not take it as a walk. back they responded to the statement saying, whether putin stays in power or, not it is up

to the russian people. i found that laughable. that is not actually true. short of a revolution, there is not much the russian people can do about whether or not they like vladimir putin anne. >> of course, you are exactly right. that was ironic at best. putin saying, the rest russian people chose. no, there are two people have not chosen, but they are starting to hear that message. they are starting to question whether this man, putin, who has led them for 22 years, and giving them some things that they like. when they are beginning to figure that it is not where he is giving. the economics, the sanctions, the deaths in ukraine, those are not with they fought for, no they signed up. so this is beginning to get into the heads of the russian people, and not just the russian. people it is also the people around president putin. >> some of these things are diplomatic, some are strategic,

some are military. but one that is interesting things develop in the last few weeks is as promised by joe biden and the americans that they will turn around europe's natural gas infrastructure with the help of the united states and -- in australia, you can provide a natural gas. and then infrastructure help to places like germany they do not have great infrastructure to get fortified natural gas from elsewhere into the continent. this could be very helpful in helping some of these countries that don't want to go that final step with under the sanctions, to being able to do so. >> -- absolutely right. absolutely right. they do need to take that next step. there are still sanctions, like you just said, a new sanctions, they can go into the russian economy. and the russian industry. in the russian central bank. in revenues flowing into the russian central bank. and they get their weather news, now, from oil and gas. that is important sanction. you are right. europeans need alternative supplies. united states and others, not

just the u.s., have got to increase their flow of natural gas, liquefied natural gas, into europe. others as well, middle east, south america. a lot of places can do this. and that is going to be important. get the europeans off of rushing gas. >> ambassador, good to see you as always. it is always a pleasure to talk to you. william taylor is a former united states ambassador to the ukraine. coming up, i will talk to ukrainian member of parliament who is highlighting the brave women fighting on the front lines for ukraine. but first, after the break, we are going on the ground in kyiv for a live report. you're watching velshi. atching velshi so am i. because i'm at risk for pneumococcal pneumonia. i'm asking about prevnar 20. because there's a chance pneumococcal pneumonia could put me in the hospital. if you're 65 or older you may be at increased risk for pneumococcal pneumonia. prevnar 20 is approved in adults to help prevent infections from 20 strains of the bacteria that cause pneumococcal pneumonia. in just one dose.

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know what is going on. >> i will speak english. dave it was a train station name here? the accusation. the occupation. -- >> thank you, thank you. >> good luck. >> we are one month into this war. we've been relying on reporting people on the ground to give us firsthand perspective. one person who has been valuable to the coverage of all this crisis is terrell jermaine starr. he's a senior nonresident fellow at the atlantic council

eurasia center. the host of the block diplomats podcast. and he joins me now from kyiv. terrell, good morning to you. you are trying to help people locate some of their colleagues in cities like mariupol. tell me how that works. >> -- friend of mine, took me to the ukrainian banks. wanting to say that he what he was doing was places like mariupol where communications are -- they are trying to look at their friends by calling them, if their phones don't work, finding other ways. but if not calling -- like president biden is actually doing that, actually working to help more people in the investigation, and people with different abilities. >> terrell, it becomes difficult to sustain on this track that you have been on. how do you keep hopeful about

this? because you keep running into people who need things, and you are trying to help them get things you are just getting harder and harder to get, for them. >> it depends. right now it is very easy to take people who are able-bodied, who can walk, who have no kind of disability. so the ukrainians do offer free trains to go from one part of the country to the other. the people who reach out to me are dealing with greater challenges. people who are -- people who are undocumented, who got into this country, basically, and then expected to go through a war. taking them to the translation, it is particularly difficult during wartime for older ukrainian people who might not be able to move around. maybe their family members left to. and so the family members, they may be outside. but those people, they decided, i want to stay here, i don't want to go with. you and then they decided, i

want to leave. so i really want to go with the people. they were not doing it directly or indirectly, for help. so what he's doing here is, it would be kind of colds to help people with you they can. i may no fluids whatsoever for the humanitarian, one human being to the next. it is nice to leave someone here where i can functionally help them. so i just take on that burden. it is more of a responsibility than a problem. >> terrell, keep doing what you're doing. thank you my friend. and throughout restarting on resident senior fellow at the unity council eraser center. he is the founding host of the black diplomats podcast. coming up next, i'm going to talk to a member of parliament, lisa bakalova, who is putting a spotlight on the woman in ukraine who are defending their countries honor against russia. plus, this weekend, she gave us a new glimpse into her new normal as the war rages on in ukraine. quote, my day today, shooting practice, local, markets

delivery of socks and things for the army. make, your re-settling refugees, and telling the world about russia's atrocities in ukraine. a new kind of weekend. a new kind of weekend. it can be a smaller house, but a bigger nest egg. a goal to work toward, or the freedom to walk away. with 200 years of experience, personalized advice, and commission free trades on an award-winning app, we are working for you. planning. investing. advice. jp morgan wealth management. i don't just play someone brainy on tv - i'm an actual neuroscientist. and i love the science behind neuriva plus. unlike ordinary memory supplements, neuriva plus fuels six key indicators of brain performance. more brain performance? yes, please! neuriva. think bigger.

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of parliament, ukrainian member of parliament, -- if she yanko a live in kyiv. she represents the capital city is also a member of the police political party which is not positioned party in ukraine's parliament. miss -- , thank you for joining us. you were listening to everything that was going on when i say listening to everything that was going on, i'm talking with your states across the country, including lviv. this was the all important speak for the president of the united states. can you find that satisfying? you did not. keeping out of ukraine is encouraging putin and all other authoritarian leaders, you. said potus, president of the united states, knows it yet

keeps out. all we need is a no-fly zone over ukraine, one way or another, no glorious speeches. you are not coming away from this trip thinking that you got what you need from the western leaders? >> the part of my, speech that is when you are, frankly it was not to the u.s.. so that is the reason. but definitely the speech of the united states president yesterday was a faux pas internationally in addressing ukraine. if any of that speech was directed to ukrainian audiences, he missed a big time. because biden started by saying, i'm not afraid. the people in ukraine who are standing right now are not afraid. the people of mariupol who are sitting in basements, who have been deprived food and water for days, they are not afraid. what they want is their freedom. we are prepared to fight for. it and we are paying for it as

well, with our lives sometimes. and with the lives of our loved, once and our children. and so i think that phrase was just extremely off. and i think that the speech writers should -- definitely, there is no truth in that. if the president wants to talk to us about not being afraid, if you come to kyiv. if you come to the ukrainian parliament. if you come to the administration of the president of ukraine. and he should speak there directly to the people of ukraine. >> talk to me about the rest of, it including the part with that the president ad lib at the end, saying putin has to get out, he has to be gotten. some of intermitted this is a call for regime change, the way this as it is not really. when you think that is going to be impactful? that the president of the united states certainly seems to, feel if he was meant to say it or not, that vladimir putin is the problem and needs to be gone? >> that is a, truth i think putin is a problem.

but once he is, gone i am not sure that all of the consequences of this problem won't be solved, because putin has been preparing a legacy of all his entourage, that ukraine is no right to exist as the -- of a country. he believes that comey's. russian than the other charities of ukraine or also russian. and so we have a bigger problem than that. the only way to solve, it and here biden is absolutely right, is by having a full on regime change in russia. and that would actually benefit to the people of russia, the civilian population of russia. normal men and women who just wants to live a normal life. enjoy the 24th century rather than being told by their president, in the addition of their country, that they have to stop them because the powerful presents to rebuild an empire. >> we meet a lot of women like you, lesia vasylenko, who remembers a problem. your proportion of women and

young people in problem is uniquely high in the western world. but you also people in your military service. women. you tweeted that we talk about 60% of the ukraine army. women at the heart of the resilience of local community. iraq mothers and their inspiring daughters. this is the ukrainian resistance. girl, power and stand with ukraine. obviously, i've seen the woman in the children getting off of these train stations when they come over the border. tell me a bit about this role that women are playing across the entire spectrum of ukraine's defense. >> women in ukraine have a special role all the time. and this has been stereotyped for a while, that ukrainian woman, there is gender equality. there is a lot of stereotypes, actually, in netflix tv series and a lot of pop culture. but, they west is always gotten it wrong the ukrainian woman. ukrainian woman are the

stronghold of ukrainian communities and ukrainian society. what's can appear on the one hand to be kind of a weakness and are liking flowers and nice things, does not actually -- covers behind a strong and resilient force but. i've gone to my house. i've learned to use in a very short time in order to be able to defend myself in my family and i close ones. and so, millions of women across the country have done the same. these women are taking other children from besieged cities under gunshots and missile attacks, and the russian federation, just to get them to safety. we have mothers who are covering their babies with their bodies, just to make sure that they are alive for their children. we have women organizing immense humanitarian aid across the whole country. and these women, they do not sleep, they do not eat until their loved ones and their

children and communities are back and safe. and these are the very same woman who appreciate being given flowers and nice gifts. wasilewski, thank you so much for joining us this. when there was definitely a full conversation. lesia vasylenko it is a member of the 20 parliament and a member of the holis political party. next, something on the ground in the lviv helping misplace families. this is a special edition of velshi, live, from warsaw, poland. poland nly cleans, it hydrates my skin. as a dermatologist, i want what's best for our skin. with 1/4 moisturizing cream, dove is the #1 bar dermatologists use at home. welcome to the eat fresh refresh at subway wait, that's new wait, you're new too nobody told you? subway's refreshing with better ingredients, better footlongs, and better spokespeople. because you gotta you gotta refresh to be fresh we hit the bike trails every weekend

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that ranked a mock or see in the world. typically measuring how well a country stacks up against five core message years. freedom of expression, freedom of association and assembly, judicial independence, affective parliament and media integrity. by these, measures america as backsliding. largely because of the aftereffects of donald trump's undermining and denial of the outcome of the 2020 election. but democratic backsliding is the norm today, even within nato countries. hungary, slovenia, even where i, am poland, are all backsliding. the number of countries moving in an authoritarian direction in 2020 outnumbered those going in a democratic direction. that's according to a report by the international institute for democracy in electoralist and. so the report also found that more than a quarter of the world's population is now

living in democratically backward countries. that, together with those living in outright non democratic regimes, make up more than two thirds of the total global population. so, in poland yesterday, joe biden, while speaking about vladimir putin, said the guys gotta go. for a moment, my heart leapt. their leader of the free world was finally saget had to be said about it imperialistic despots. let's be clear, america does not do this well. this idea of getting involved to save civilian populations. we did it totally the wrong way in afghanistan. despite our red lines, syria remains a failed state, propped up by iran and russia, with most of the population in exile. the rohingya in myanmar continue to be persecuted by the majority. the democrats are the government in india continue to -- the uyghur muslims and china are forced into so-called reeducation, hard labor concentration camps. where force cultural

assimilation and even sexual assault reported to prevail. the citizens of hong kong lose more of their western style freedoms daily, and the people of taiwan are watching their skies for the chinese jets they soon expect to unleash hell on them. there is still no meaningful democracy in the middle east. that includes israel, by the way, which exercises control over palestinians in the west bank. in the americas, brazil, venezuela, peru, nicaragua and honduras are all backsliding democratically. in africa, niger, cameroon and zimbabwe are backsliding. molly and cote d'ivoire have seized to be democracies entirely. here in europe, turkey, hungary, poland all going in the wrong direction. and so we have ukraine, the world's most obvious chance to take a stand for democracy and against colonialism, imperialism and war. ukraine has a new president,

brought in on a wave of anti corruption. unlike the afghans, who had been beaten down by war, lords fanatics and corruption. or syrians, who had a series of only bad choices to make between a politically repressive government and morally repressive gang of religious perverts. ukrainians have the rare confluence of global attention and existing good in true government. they have complete freedom of expression and association and assembly. they have worked hard to erase corruption and achieve judicial independence, they have an effect of gender balance and an unusually young parliament. they have a working at effective media, at least they did until russia attacked. ukraine can stand up to the imperialist, expansion list russia, with the world's, help with americas. help on saturday, joe biden stepped into the breach when he said he's gotta go. russian officials freaked out about, is saying putin's fate was for the russian people to decide. which is laughable, because the russian people don't have the freedom of association or assembly or judicial independence or a functioning

electoral system. the russian people can't decide anything about their politics, unless they launch a revolution. what surprised me more is at the white house freaked out about, it to, walking it back a little. i heard joe biden say and i was proud of america when he did. america cannot fix the world's problems, but it sure can help, by leading the world in the right direction. joe biden sees naked russian expansionist ambitions for exactly what they are, and he wants them stopped. he knows, if ukraine falls, so false the democratic world's best hope of fighting back the global tide of authoritarianism and dictatorship. what's next? moldova? which, like ukraine, doesn't have nato protections? or pull under lithuania, both of which to? this war in ukraine's unprovoked and illegal. ukrainians have held the line longer than anyone expected them to. their leaders have rally the world and their people. they are calling themselves the front of democracy in the world, and i think they might be correct. what america can do is hold

those high who are trying to make their societies more equitable, more just and more democratic, in the push back against those who don't. when the breeches are of a magnitude that nato and the eu and the g7 and the g20 struggle with what to do, the american president can speak for the entire democratic world. that's what joe biden did yesterday, when he said of putin, the guys gotta go. the white house says it was an unscripted moment with joe biden, all the best ones are with him. i think he said what he meant. and, if he did mean to say, that he was right and should stick to. it democracy isn't this halfway thing. ukraine has, that russia is trying to invaded and crush it. like russia has done so many times before, in so many places. it's time for this to stop and it's time for this type of thing to stop all around the world. and it's time for the u.s. to make making it stop its business. joe biden is in the right place on this one. and 5g maps that are mostly gaps—

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ukraine continues to worsen, the united nations refugee agency estimates that in the last month, more than 2 million, 2.2 million, ukrainian guns have fled to poland, where i am now. the capital, city warsaw, has already taken in more than 300,000 refugees, and that number could be even higher now. since this invasion began, the regional government in poland has stepped up in a huge, way to provide care for the millions of refugees who poured across its borders, many of them women and children. the sea of caught at this warsaw convention center may look familiar, like the scenes that follow hurricanes, floods and fires. but this disaster is entirely man-made. the people sheltering here may not have the chance to rebuild their homes. >> we came here two days ago, because we need help. we didn't know what to do and how to live.

currently, we are planning to find a host in the uk. we don't have anything in the uk, but just people who are willing to help us. >> yves prokupecz ankle is just 15, she is here with her mother alongside 6000 other refugees here on this day. most don't have a plan. to help, the regional government has turned this massive convention center into a safe haven for up to 20,000 people. many arrive sick, so there is medical care on-site. >> obviously, most of the people coming here are women and children, so we have a gynecologist office. and, for pregnant women, we can do diagnostics. you can even give birth here, which we've already done a couple of times. >> despite warsaw being the biggest center that receives refugees from ukraine, what you won't see anywhere around the city are tense or temporary housing.

a number of refugees are going to a stadium, where they can spend some time. they are generally then sent to a hospital or some other sort of temporary accommodation. but after a few days, they end up in private accommodation, hosted by polls or they leave for other european city. many of the cities can be reached with the help of a temporary bus terminal, set up outside the convention hall. about 1000 people leave each day, as thousands more pour in. some who arrive here, like eve and her mom, hope to get as far away as possible. >> as we heard, even russia wants to invade poland. that is horrifying. we are right here. so, we see a lot of buses and people are going to really different countries and europe. going to italy, everywhere, anywhere they can get to escape all this. >> that's just one center, in

one city in poland. which has shouldered more of the refugee burden so far than any other country. that story you just watched, it was about three minutes long. in that time, at least two ukrainian children have become refugees. according to unicef, a ukrainian child becomes the refugee almost every 90 seconds. straight ahead, we will talk to the spokesperson for the child advocacy group about what it is doing on the ground to help this refugee crisis. this refugee crisis. allergies don't have to be scary. spraying flonase daily stops your body from overreacting to allergens all season long. psst! psst! flonase all good. hey lily, i need a new wireless plan for my business, but all my employees need something different. oh, we can help with that. okay, imagine this. your mover, rob, he's on the scene and needs a plan with a mobile hotspot. we cut to downtown, your sales rep lisa has to send some files, like asap! so basically i can pick the right plan for each employee. yeah i should've just led with that. with at&t business.

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more than 10 million ukrainians, which is almost a quarter of the country's population, has been displaced and forced from their homes. both within the country and across borders. since this war started. 3.8 millions of those ukrainians have escaped to other countries, a vast majority of them went up here in poland. more than 2.2 million. however, this refugee crisis has perhaps toughest on the youngest ukrainians, with the effects from the conflict potentially lasting for years beyond it. according to unicef, more than 4.3 million children have been displaced so far, which is more than half of all the children in ukraine. some in the country, some having left the country. according to the organizations executive director, catherine russell, quote, the war has caused one of the fastest large-scale displacements of children since world war ii. she went on to say, quote, this is a grim milestone that could have lasting consequences for generations to come. joining me now is james elder,

he's a spokesperson for unicef. james, good to see you again. this problem about which we speak, i think i'm mischaracterized but unicef is able to do. you can't actually stem the tide, you can't change the refugee crisis, all you can do is deal with mitigating be effects that this is having on families and children. >> spot on. we can keep pushing for those most critical things, like humanitarian access. when we look at all the medical supplies, just before on your show the woman talked about people giving birth a neighboring countries. we have a lot of women giving birth and bunkers. surgical equipment like that, or whether it's big picture generations to pump water in cities that are being suffocated, or water purification tablets. we absolutely will keep pushing to get that humanitarian access to all of those children. but you're right, we keep speaking, we've been speaking for a month now. there's no stopping the indiscriminate attacks. warfare seems to have changed,

it's an increasingly populated areas. whilst this continues at this level, we will continue to be in all corners for those children. as you rightly said, the needs are colossal. >> you know, it's one of these refugee centers i've been in, where people come across the border in hungary or poland. their immediate needs are met. they could be warm, they have drinks, there is food, hot food. there's some shelter, they can stay for a little, while they help them with paperwork and things like that. here in poland, they are enrolling the children in school, which is a good start. what are we missing? what is the world not understanding about these children, who are displaced, and what can't be done for them? what do we need to know that we don't know? >> i think you point very well to what's happening in poland. including, in poland, the government they're looking at cash assistance, a social safety net within their existing structure. that's incredible. we also have to look at other

neighboring countries that may not have the same ability to do that. that is on the unicef keep supporting, not just in poland but in romania, hungary and so on. then, of course, it's trauma. the trauma for these children, when we say this mind-boggling number of one and two children who have had to flee their homes in ukraine in a month. they fled under bombardment, they've hinted bunkers, they've been covered by their parents as they've gone down the stairs. they've come to cities like i'm in the west of ukraine, thinking that they're safe and then they see missiles raining down last night. trauma is real on these children, and it means that if the war doesn't stop we have longer term impacts. that is exactly things like mental health, long term development issues, it can affect children's income generating. these are the things we work on right now. everything from the curriculum to getting kids online, songs,

schools. we have counselors and bunkers and cities like kharkiv, dressing up as superheroes because, when children are in bunkers overnight, to give them some risk bite. trauma is something that keeps us awake at night, as are things like trafficking that you've covered in your programs. again, that information, whether we're trying to work with governments to bolster their ability for policing or, again, just using social media to give families information about how to keep them safe. trauma and trafficking are two things, along with the bombardments, that are the greatest concerns for unicef. >> james, thank you for the work that unicef is doing. and, for our viewers out there who are asking for ways in which to support the refugees in this crisis, unicef should be something you should be considering. james elder it's a spokesperson for unicef. as always,, thank you stay safe. >> i considered nato membership

for -- ukraine is not and has never been a member of the north atlantic treaty organization. we getting membership in nato is kind of like a long, multi level job interview. there are several steps and certain requirements a country has to meet in order to join the alliance. nato has got an open door policy, but getting through that door can take several years. in some cases, the treaties states that nato membership is open to, quote, any european state in a position to further the principles of this treaty into contribute to the security of the north atlantic area. now, there are just a handful of non european countries in nato, including the united states and canada. and turkey, half of which is in asia. turkey, by the, way has the largest military and nato behind the united states. according to the nato website, nations are expected to respect the values of the north atlantic treaty and meet those economic and political standards, which include upholding a functioning democratic political system based on the market economy. the fair treatment of minority

populations. a commitment to resolve conflict peacefully. and ability and willingness to make a military contribution to nato operations. and a commitment to demonstrate civil military relations and civic institutions. a first tap towards joining nato is occurring that invite to begin identify dialogue with the allies, about what reforms our country is prepared to take. if the aspiring country makes it past that step, it is invited to join the membership action plan of nato, which is a program that helps nations prepare for possible future nato membership. participation in the action plan doesn't guarantee entry into nato. every existing member nation, there are 30, now must agree to accept the new memberships. the treaty, says any decision on enlargement must be made by unanimous decision. the treaty also states that every sovereign agent has its right to change its own security arrangements, our nato membership is not imposed on countries and allies and they have the right to leave should

they wish to. no nation has ever opted out of nato. as for ukraine, nato welcomed its bid for membership in 2008. the alliance pledge that ukraine would eventually become a member. but definitive timelines were never worked out. public, western support for ukraine's membership has grown over the, years but some nato members remain worried about the ongoing unrest and corruption in the country. dating back far earlier than this year. and some countries have been concerned about the consequences of threats from russia about nato expansion. technically, ukraine shouldn't need to be in nato to have security assurances from certain western countries. back in 1994, ukraine, russia, the u.s. and the uk signed something called the budapest memorandum. ukraine agreed to relinquish its nuclear arsenal, which was the third largest at the time, in exchange for security assurances from the united states in the united kingdom. all four countries agreed to, quote, respect the independence and sovereignty and the existing borders of ukraine,

and to refrain from the threat or use of force against the country. putin's invasion of ukraine is a direct violation of that budapest memorandum. all right, i'm going to take a break, don't go anywhere. when we come back, my conversation with americas former ambassador to ukraine maria and bromwich. another hour of velshi from warsaw, poland, after this. good morning, it's sunday march 20, 70 9 am here in new york, 2 pm here in warsaw, poland. just down the, road a few minutes walk from where i am, it's the royal castle. a centuries old polish landmark where president mind and delivered a forceful speech, less than 24 hours ago, about russia's unprovoked invasion of ukraine. it was the last top of his european trip and it was a momentous one. before a large audience that included ukrainian refugees and polish citizens, and government officials, president biden invoked important polish world

figures. like pope john paul the second and the former polish president and noble peace prize winner -- . the contrast between the brutal actions of russian president vladimir putin. most of, all it was a speech that champion democracy and condemned putin's iron fisted dictatorship. >> there is simply no justification or provocation for russia's choice of war. building an empire will never erase the people's love for liberty, brutality will never break down the will to be free. ukraine will never be evicted for russia. >> but it was an ad libbed line at the very end of his speech that caught my attention. >> we will have a different future, a brighter future rooted in democracy and principle. hope and light. of decency and dignity, freeman possibilities. for god