♪ ♪ ♪ >> over decades of british royal pomp and circumstance, one clean oversaw all. the family matriarch, who had reigned since 1952. >> she's the boss. she runs the firm. >> if we lived 1000 years, we would never see it quite like it again. >> whether it be long or short, shall be devoted to your service. >> she said to insiders, we need to be seen to be believed. >> queen elizabeth was living history. >> everything from 1952, right through today, what a canvas

that is. >> an unexpected journey. >> yes, your father is dead. you are now queen. >> whoa! >> it was a man's world. she had not a clue what he was doing. >> she confronted challenges. >> everything that could go wrong did go wrong for the queen. >> it turned out to be -- >> and when the nation mourned -- >> princess diana has died tonight, she faced public scrutiny. >> the queen got crucified in the media. >> she chose family over duty. >> no one who knew diana will ever forget her. >> that was something she knew she had to do if she was gonna preserve the monarchy. >> then, more than two decades later, diana's youngest son was at the center of a royal shakeup. >> prince harry, the most popular royal after the queen, and his american wife, meghan, issuing what amounts to a

declaration of independence. >> first of all, on the shock here, from 1 to 10, was this an 11? >> this was a 20, yes. >> modern-day drama added to a story past and tradition that had spanned generation. >> from the age of 21 to her 90s, she's given her life to the service of our country. >> breaking news from buckingham palace this morning, prince philip, the husband of queen elizabeth, has passed away. >> without the duke in her life, one can imagine it will take its toll on the queen. >> and duty, dedication, and dignity. >> the queen is the united kingdom. you could call of the united queen dome. ♪ ♪ ♪ >> in the united kingdom, in june 2016, the british people

vote to leave the european union. queen elizabeth does not speak at the controversial brexit decision until a year later. >> my governments priorities to secure the best possible deal as the country leaves the european union. >> her comments in her annual address to parliament reflect her trademark restraint and neutrality. but viewers take note of her wardrobe. one accessory, in particular. >> she wore this beautiful corn flower blue hat with a series of flowers around it. i remember seeing that head thinking, goodness, that really looks familiar. >> the hat looked very much like the eu flag. there was no way the queen would have taken that decision unknowingly. >> could her majesty, who has reigned for more than 65 years as a careful and deliberate monarch, be sending a subtle message? >> the queen sits above

politics, she should not get involved in politics. here you had a very, very momentous decision the country was about to take. >> the brexit conundrum illustrates the unique position of the queen. >> she's not meant to express political views, endorse political views, support a political party. >> as queen of england, her powers are largely ceremonial. >> the essential role of the queen is to be head of state, approve legislation, to open parliament, to represent the nation abroad. >> 52 countries around the world, some huge countries, like canada and australia, some small places like tuvalu she loves the commonwealth and knows and understands it. >> the queen is the best thing british foreign policy ever had, if we still have influence in the world, we can thank the queen for it. >> since 1952, the queen has arguably been the most famous

women in the world. she is also among the richest. with a personal fortune that hovers around $500 million. >> she's not cash rich. but she is property rich. how can you put a value on balmoral, you can't. >> the queen is officially known as elizabeth ii by the grace of god of the united kingdom of great britain and northern ireland, and of her other realms and territories, queen, head of the commonwealth, defender of the faith. she's also wife, a mother, grandmother, and great grandmother. >> when you hear the two princes, william and harry, talking about the queen, they differentiate the personal and the kind of professional. they talk about her as their grandmother. but also she is the boss, she runs the firm. it's a family business. >> her group is formed, people don't know about it, called the way ahead group. their sole job is to come up with ways to modernize the monarchy.

she's been willing to do whatever it takes to keep the monarchy relevant and alive. >> for the queen, duty and appearance always come first. and her majesty's birthday celebration in 2016, the world watches as she scolds william, telling him to stand up when he crouches down to talk to his son, george. she is britain's longest reigning monarch in history, as well as its oldest. this incredible wealth of experience has made the queen a powerful resource on politics and diplomacy, one that is invaluable to her prime ministers. ♪ ♪ ♪ that power is wielded subtly and behind closed doors. >> what is important to any prime minister of this day is the breadth of experience the queen has had.

>> everything from 1952 right through today. what a canvas that is. cold war, nuclear weaponry, al-qaeda, the lot. >> her majesty has been conducting nearly weekly meetings with every prime minister since winston churchill in 1952. >> they are usually on a wednesday, around teatime. the prime minister will deliver to her that the news of the week, the forecast for the next week. >> somebody once asked james callaghan, the prime minister, look, you are a friend of hers. he stopped the interview. he said, the queen does not offer friendship. she offers friendliness. very different. >> as only the sixth woman to be crowned queen of england in her own right, she has witnessed nearly a century of history. her unlikely journey all began on april 21st, 1926. >> princess elizabeth was born with no expectation of becoming queen. her father was the second son

of the then king, george the fifth. and every expectation that his older brother would eventually become king. >> she had a relatively normal education for an heiress to credit girl. she was educated at home. she wasn't sent to school. >> on the throne is her grandfather, king george v. to him, she is lilibet. to her, he is grandpa england. when he dies in 1936, all eyes are on elizabeth's uncle, edward, the next in line for the throne. >> he was glamorous, a woman. he dressed in the high fashion. he was a brilliant horsemen. >> elizabeth's entire world, as well as her destiny changes later that year, when the new king shocks the nation with a radio announcement. >> a few hours ago, i discharged my duty as king and

emperor. >> elizabeth ankle abdicated when he fell in love with the american divorcee, wally simpson. the notion of a king marrying a divorced woman was not acceptable. a decision was taken by her uncle that rather than not marry the woman he loved, he would give up the throne. >> that decision makes her father, king george vi -- >> the queen's father took over asking, which was a real moment of potential crisis for the monarchy. >> he did not expect to be king. he did not want to be king. he had a stutter. he wasn't the man who had been groomed to be king. he was the spare to the heir. >> ten-year-old princess elizabeth, a carefree girl who loves horses is now heir apparent to an empire that rules over nearly a quarter of the world. the queen has always been very

aware of the fact that her uncle abdicated responsibility and the impact that that had on her father. and she absolutely refers back to that constantly. >> she became the focus of the world's attention. a small girl who had lived a fairytale princess life, and she would also be part of history. >> coming up. -- she went up the tree as princess elizabeth, and she came down a screen. n a screen here's a pool party. look what i brought! liberty mutual! they customize your home insurance... so you only pay for what you need! ♪young people having a good time with insurance.♪ ♪young people.♪ ♪good times.♪ ♪insurance!♪ only pay for what you need. ♪liberty liberty. liberty. liberty.♪

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>> for the second time in the lives of most of us, we are at war. >> there is no doubt that the second world war had a huge impact on elizabeth's life. she could see how much the country was suffering. >> during george vi third year as a king, german airman bombed

london for more than two months in 1940. an infamous time known as the blitz. >> buckingham palace was attacked by a german bomber. a wing was badly damaged. the king says it is my duty to stay here and lead my people. and the queen mother famously said, if he's not, moving i'm not moving. but the king and his wife sent their daughters out of london to the relative safety of a more rural location. >> the public were just told they were staying at a location and the country, a secret. but in fact they were at windsor castle. >> from not secure spot, 14 year princess elizabeth addresses the nation's youth on the bbc's children's our radio broadcast. her sister margaret's by her side. >> i know from experience what it means to be away from those we love most of all. >> the idea was for her to offer kind reassurance and to boost the morale of children who have been evacuated all over the commonwealth. >> quite literally finding her voice and identifying with

other people was a kind of coming of age moment for this young woman, who is cast into the spotlight. >> during the war, the young princess joins the woman's auxiliary territorial service, where she learned to be a mechanic. >> she has confided in friends that she loved that period. >> she learned how to drive cars. she learned how to fix engines. she wore the uniform. even at that age, she wanted to do her duty. >> she must be the only person ever to sit on the british throne who did actually know how to service a jeep. >> the war ends in 1945. the celebrations of the end of war were led from buckingham palace's balcony reinforcing this message that people were fighting very much for king and country, but also the royal family as a whole. >> two years later, princess elizabeth embarks on her first overseas trip, a commonwealth tour with her family, including two months in south africa. there, on her 21st birthday, she delivers what will prove to

be one of the most important speeches of her life. >> i declare before you all that my whole life, whether it be long or short, shall be devoted to your service. and to the service of our great imperial family, to which we all belong. >> the message was so significant. it was handing herself over to her public. >> elizabeth then was showing just her dedication to the job. that she knew one day would come her way. >> three months later, the palace announces the engagement of princess elizabeth. and lieutenant philippe mountbatten. >> and the empire joined the king in approval -- >> philip, a great great grandchild of queen victoria, and a distant cousin to princess elizabeth, was born into the greek and danish royal families.

philip, as an 18 year old cadet, had been recruited in 1939 to show 13 year old elizabeth and her family around the royal naval college at dartmouth. >> she sort of developed a crush on him then. and really never looked at another man. >> not everyone welcomes the match. philip is of german descent and considered a foreigner. an especially troubling point so close to the end of the war. >> they want extraordinary thing that the queen did, which was completely out of character and a sense, was to mary prince philip. he didn't have any money or any family. >> to enhance the suitability, philip, who was baptized and a greek orthodox church, it's officially received by the church of england. then, the groom to be is re-branded, adopting his mother surname, mount button. he accepts the royal family will be known under the queen's name, windsor. >> much has been made of the notion of prince philip having

to lose his own surname, adopt the queens. his children couldn't be called mount baton windsors. he didn't like that. >> the royal couple marries on november 20th, 1947. >> when you think about that, that is two years after the end of the second world war. this country had just been ravaged by nazi bombs. people were still living on rations. >> elizabeth, like any bride, how to save up coupons because rationing was still on to buy the silk for her wedding dress. >> there was this fairytale princess, marrying this incredibly handsome prince and as winston churchill described, a splash of color in the hard road we have to travel. >> and you later, the princess gives birth to an air, the son the couple names charles. two years later, elizabeth and philippe welcome daughter and, the young family resides in clients house, and philippe in his naval carrier in 1951.

that same year, the family and the country face a crisis when the princess's father, a heavy smoker, has surgery after doctors report, quote, structural strangers changes in the law. >> he had a lung removed, and there was hope that he would make a full recovery. >> the king was suffering from cancer that they never talked about in those days. >> it was in denial, really, about how ill he was. he wanted to keep it from his family as much as possible. >> he never wanted to be talking, so i think for george, really, the stress of having to take on that mental burden, and the sovereignty, plus the cancer, made him a very sickly man. >> four months after the surgery, king george sees elizabeth and philippe off as the couple embarks on a six month commonwealth tour, the first stop is kenya. >> she was in the bush hotel, if you like, whole tree tops.

and she was telling the person that owned the place, i had a legend from papa, and he's feeling better. and he's feeling better today. almost when she said this, he was dying. >> 4000 miles away, less than a week after his airport goodbye, the 56-year-old king dies in his sleep from a blood clot that formed in his heart. >> the king returned to the palace last night and unusual health, and passed peacefully away in his sleep. >> in a moment, elizabeth goes from young mother and princess to queen of an empire. she is 25 years old. >> elizabeth was pretty much one of the last people to know her father has passed away because they were in such a remote area, trying to get word to them, virtually impossible. >> finally, she was you know, told of her father's death. and of course, you know, yes your father is dead. you are now going. >> wow, you know, those two things happened absolutely simultaneously. >> she actually came queen when

she was at a three top. she went up a tree as princess elizabeth, and she came down as queen. >> the new queen cuts are trip short and boards a 20 hour flight back to london. and all that brutally long train trips, she displayed her emotion. however, when she would get up, she would go to the bathroom, and could be heard crying. >> it was a man's a world. you, know this is 1952. and here was this young girl, suddenly taking on this enormous responsibility. she just had no clue, really, what she was doing. >> now queen, plans are set in motion for her coronation. prince philip serves as chairman of the committee. together, they make a controversial decision. >> the queen demanded that it it be televised. she didn't think that monarchy should be something that's done in secret. she is often said to insiders,

you know, we need to be seen to be believed. >> winston churchill was violently against televising the event, but the queen, as young as she was, went against the advice of probably our most trusted prime minister of entire career. >> on june 2nd, 1953, 3 million spectators gathered in london to watch elizabeth proceed to westminster abby in the gold state coach. >> crowds lined the street with deep to see this parade of dresses, jewels, uniforms, and carriages, go by. >> to have a woman on the throne was something unique at the time, and to be celebrated, too. and a girl who everyone was used to be seeing throughout the second world war, basically coming of age in front of their own eyes. >> coming up -- >> her black was blown apart, it must have literally broken her heart. her heart. let's go, baby!

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to take the oath? >> i am willing. >> upon taking the coronation out in 1953, that saint edwards crowned, crafted and 16 61, is placed on elizabeth's head. with the pomp and circumstance of the coronation behind her, and then you monarch moves forward with the business of being queen. and your daily ritual involves what is known as the red box. -- it's to read the content of what she calls the dread of red boxes of state. >> inside is endless government

papers that she reads through. she has got to sign off every act of parliament, personally. >> i know from some of the people that i speak to at the palace that hers is often the last light to go out. she is still hard at work, sifting through those papers in that red box. >> it can be a daunting task, but the 25-year-old queen has a legendary statesman to advise her. she relied on winston churchill because he gave her advice. i think he put it on himself to look after her. >> although she felt very affectionately towards winston churchill, she didn't let him off lightly. she learned very quickly that she had to assert herself against her prime minister and the cabinet at times. >> five years into her reign, in 1957, queen elizabeth and prince philip travel to the united states to meet with president eisenhower, marking her first state visit to the former british colonies as queen. >> 350 years ago, the great

american nation -- always a bit of an edgy relationship between our two countries when it comes to, monarchy i think, after all, george the third had lost the american colonies. >> the trip is considered such a success that prime minister harold mcmillan writes in his diary, the queen has buried george the third for good and all. >> when the queen goes abroad, it is diplomacy, it is about saying i represent britain, you are my friend, i'm a friend. this will be historic. the travel, as well of her full schedule -- little time to spend with her young children, charles and and. >> back in the day, when charles was a little boy, the queen would go on tours for months at a time, so there is a sense that charles particularly felt that he did not see very much of his parents and he

didn't particularly enjoy his childhood. it was always duty first. i'm not saying family necessarily came second, but there were times when perhaps her children did have to take second place to the job. >> the queen had her much -- i think when perhaps she was a little bit more comfortable in the job. so, i think the queen's relationship with her younger children was a bit closer perhaps that it was with her older children because the job of queen came to her at such a young age. >> turmoil during the late 1960s between the united kingdom and northern ireland's. >> the i.r.a. is still in the business. known as the troubles, it becomes one of the queen's greatest test. >> it made it very difficult for the queen. she is after all the queen of the united kingdom of great britain and northern ireland. >> one of the things that the

irish republicans hate is the monarchy. there's hundreds of years of animosity between england and ireland. and the monarch to them is a symbol of the oppression. >> it is a terribly tangled political mess. there is one thing the queen does not want to get too involved in, is a political mass. >> in the united kingdom, we have our own particular sorrows in northern ireland. >> after more than a decade of violent conflict that claimed the lives of nearly 3700 citizens, the bloodshed becomes very personal for the queen. >> earl mountbatten was killed today, the irish republican army said they were responsible and call it an execution. -- when a bomb placed on a fishing boat explodes. the earl, who arranged the fateful meeting between his nephew and the young princess elizabeth, nearly 40 years earlier, was 79. >> he was the uncle of prince

philip, he was the great uncle of prince charles and both of them were very close. it was a massive, massive trauma for the royal family. >> but a louis mountbatten was blown apart by the i.r.a., the very people who are trying to tear her country apart, it must have literally broken her heart. >> more than 20 years later, the good friday agreement, brings an end to the troubles. in a moment of conciliation, the queen comes face to face with martin mcinnis, a former i.r.a. commander, whose organization assassinated earl mount baton. mcguinness is one of the architects of the peace accord. >> she shook hands with him because that is what the people had world. she could have avoided it. but she went. to me, that summed up her grasp of her role. >> i remember martin mcguinness coming into the room to meet

the queen and saying, how are you? she said, well at least i'm still alive. that was a nice sort of ironic comment. >> coming up, >> the queen letup known that she expected to be advised and consulted. and only 24-hour steroid free spray. while other allergy sprays take hours astepro starts working in 30 minutes. so you can... astepro and go. for people living with h-i-v, keep being you. and ask your doctor about biktarvy. biktarvy is a complete, one-pill, once-a-day treatment used for h-i-v in certain adults. it's not a cure, but with one small pill, biktarvy fights h-i-v to help you get to and stay undetectable. that's when the amount of virus is so low it cannot be measured by a lab test. research shows people who take h-i-v treatment every day and get to and stay undetectable can no longer transmit h-i-v through sex. serious side effects can occur, including kidney problems and kidney failure.

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now available without a prescription. astepro is the first and only 24-hour steroid free spray. while other allergy sprays take hours astepro starts working in 30 minutes. so you can... astepro and go. for decades, i've worked at the intersection of domestic violence and homelessness. so when prop 27 promised solutions to homelessness, i took a good, hard look. it's not a solution. 90% of the money goes to the out-of-state corporations who wrote it.

very little is left for the homeless. don't let corporations exploit homelessness to pad their profits. vote no on 27. her majesty the queen has asked me to form a new administration and i have accepted. >> as the 1970s draws to a close, the queen welcomes a new prime minister, margaret thatcher. the first woman to hold the position. >> margaret thatcher respected her for who she wasn't what she was doing. and the queen respected margaret thatcher. >> the two women are of similar age. but starkly different backgrounds. >> margaret thatcher has had to fight in elections all the way up to become prime minister. and the queen was the

hereditary head of the aristocracy and everything that margaret thatcher was not. >> many people think that the queen had a contemptuous relationship with margaret thatcher. >> she was not an easy person. she was very forthright. and probably difficult to get on with that first. >> the queen let it be known that she expected to be advised and consulted and that her views were worthy of being listened to as well. >> there's one very famous occasion where she wanted to know what was happening at a particular stage of the -- conflict and was told that mrs. thatcher was very busy and was just going to another meeting. and the queen secretary said, no, she wants to know and she wants to know now. mrs. thatcher turned around and took the call. >> the conflict begins in 1982, when argentina invaded the british territory located just off its coast. three days after the invasion, the uk responds.

>> thatcher sent a task force, pretty well every fighting ship that we could muster, and the best of the british marines. >> the queen son, prince andrew, is a royal navy pilot during the conflict. >> she was like any of military mother, worried for his safety. it was testing times. but also, because of her close bond with the military, understanding that desire for kherson to go out and do his duty. and obviously taking amends pride in the fact that he was doing that. >> more than 900 people were killed by the time britain wins the war. it lasts 74 days. >> there's an amazing picture of prince andrew, who had this rose between his lips and full naval uniform. and she clearly, in that split moment, was not her majesty queen elizabeth the second of great britain of northern ireland. she was a mom to a very brave young man, who had come home safely.

>> to the queen. >> throughout the 19 80s, her majesty enjoys an especially friendly relationship with ronald reagan. he is the seventh president to hold office during elizabeth's reign as queen. >> her favorite was undoubtedly ronald reagan. they had an affinity when it came to horses. >> reagan and thatcher, who got along famously, and the queen to, who kind of offered this kind of glittering spectacle when reagan came for the state banquet. it was an interesting kind of -- >> that relationship is threatened when reagan authorizes an invasion on the island of grenada, a british territory, in an attempt to thwart a potential communist threat. the british government is completely unaware of the operation. >> we communicated to the united states are very

considerable doubts. that her majesty's government had about initiating action. >> i'm absolutely convinced that that was one point where the queen and images thatcher, who didn't see at eye on everything, suddenly saw it i. >> america had always been a great ally. so when the u.s. went into grenada -- and didn't let the queen no, that was a tricky moment. >> the successful invasion last just for days. >> i think you only need to look at the shot of the queen and ronald reagan, riding windsor, to realize that grenade i was overcome. >> margaret thatcher and the queen may agree on the grenade a invasion, but in 1986, an article surfaces, revealing disagreement on apartheid. the institutional racial segregation, plaguing for decades. >> the times newspaper and the uk published an article under the headline, queen displayed -- dismayed by uncaring thatcher. >> the article went on to talk

about how she wasn't doing enough to end apartheid in south africa. the queen was mortified. it turns out that it was the queen's press secretary, michael shea, who had been speaking to freely. >> south africa, a member of the commonwealth, was the place where in 1947, the then princess elizabeth, spent that formative trip with her father. and pledged that her whole life -- >> whether it be long or short, shall be devoted to your service -- >> she went to south africa as a girl, but then steadfastly refused to have anything to do with south africa until apartheid was over. >> pressure for member states causes the nation to withdraw from the commonwealth in the 1961. >> 30 years later, international and domestic pressures for south africa to abandon apartheid. and their place and the commonwealth is ultimately restored. her majesty returns to the country in 1995 for the first time in nearly 50 years.

>> my memories of south africa are part of me. and i have wanted to return this magnificent country. >> certainly one of the best, if not the most successful, state visits during my time as press secretary. i think he was the only head of state that ever called her queen elizabeth rather than your majesty. she didn't bat an eyelid, i might say. >> coming up -- >> what i say to, now as your queen and as a grandmother, i say from my heart. y coworkers. good for you, shingles doesn't care. because no matter how healthy you feel, your risk of shingles sharply increases after age 50. but shingrix protects. proven over 90% effective, shingrix is a vaccine used to prevent shingles in adults 50 years and older. shingrix does not protect everyone

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princess diana and in sarah ferguson. they were young, attractive. it was a new story. >> after the highs of the two royal weddings in the 19 80s, the fairytale romances unraveled by the early 1990s. >> i was press secretary for seven years, 1992 97. so, really, the most tumultuous time for the monarchy since the abdication in 1936 of edward the eighth. we had fergie, dutchess of york -- by her financial adviser, not even her husband. >> the war of the royals -- the relationship with prince charles and princess diana reached a new level. >> three of the queens children see their marriages dissolve in 1992. >> it made her thank, where have i gone wrong? what have i done? >> then, the queen's beloved windsor castle catches fire

after a halogen lamp falls over and ignite some curtains. >> she actually removed some of the precious things from her own apartments herself. about half a dozen of us went to our private entrance to make sure she came back. the queen said, it was a shame, but at least we saved the pictures. >> just four days after the fire, on november 24th, the queen makes a surprisingly emotional speech, marking the 40th anniversary of her accession to the throne. >> 1992 it's not a witch -- a year on which i shall look back on with undiluted pleasure. in the words of one of my more sympathetic correspondence, it has turned out to be and -- >> you felt her sadness, her pain, her regret. >> it is so unusual for her to blurt it all out in the way that she did. you suddenly realize that this

incredible figure of continuity also hurts. >> if you take 1992, the -- anything that could go wrong did go wrong for the queen. and then, everything calm down. but then we fast forward to 1997. >> sources have made independent announcements that princess diana has died tonight. she was 36. >> she was the peoples princess. and that is how she will stay, how she will remain. >> the queen was up in scotland. with her grandsons, william and harry. and the queen and the duke of edinburgh did what any grandparent would do. they try to look after them. to keep them away from the public eye. >> when there is a death within the royal family, they close ranks. and they stay and they mourn and private.

no way do they do anything and company. that is what the queen had always done. so that is what she did. >> however, the lack of any substantial public statement from the royal family, as well as the decision to stay in scotland, triggers an outcry. >> i can't understand the queen doing that. >> for me looking back, diana's death was the one time in her entire rain that she chose family over duty. >> the queen got crucified in the media. they said, why are you in london? your people need you. >> the crowd was begging for blood. and they said, why haven't you said anything? why haven't you shown anything? why haven't you hugged anybody? >> i think the monarchy came closest to collapsing with the death of diana. people were beginning to reassess the need for a monarch. >> it became very clear to her as the week wore on, seeing in the newspaper and television coverage, that something had to be done.

>> six days after diana's death, on september 5th, her majesty returns to london. >> they appeared at buckingham palace. they went to see the flowers that have been left in memory of diana. >> [inaudible] take care of the boys. >> there was a turning point, where a woman handed the queen a bunch of flowers. and the queen said, would you like me to put it with the others? and the woman said no, they are for you, ma'am. >> later that day, her majesty addresses the public in a live televised speech. >> no one who knew diana will ever forget her. >> that was something she knew she had to do if she was going to preserve the monarchy. she gave the speech of her life. >> this week, we have all been trying to help william and harry come to terms with the devastating loss that than the rest of us have suffered. >> the broadcast was unprecedented.

that was the first time i recall of the queen speaking outside of a set piece public occasion. >> we really got an opportunity to see, as personal, a queen as we have ever seen. >> what i say to you now, as your queen and as a grandmother, i say from my heart. i admired and respected her for her energy and commitment to others. and especially for her devotion to her two boys. >> when she spoke as a grandmother, it made a very big impact on people. >> the country was hurting then. and i think really when she spoke to the nation, the country recognize that the royal family is hurting too. at that moment, she restore the country's faith in her and the institution. >> it was probably one of the most significant moments of her reign. >> thank god for someone who made many, many people happy.

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london on july 7th, 2005. >> the war on terror has come back to the streets of london. not the i. r. a. anymore, but al-qaeda and isis. >> all of those lessons learned by the queen over history means that she gets to the hospitals at the earliest possible moment. >> [inaudible] >> the woman who came of age during world war ii's keep calm and carry on campaign, addresses her nation and the next day. >> those who perpetrate these brutal acts against innocent people should know that they will not change our way of life. >> there is a continuity to the queen that remains the nation that things will get back to normal. >> she has been this rock for the british people. >> true to form, her majesty carries on.

she meets her 12th u.s. president, barack obama, in 2009. >> the president and mrs. obama forged a deep and long lasting friendship with her majesty, beginning with their very first visit. >> you say, michelle obama putting her arm around the queen's shoulders. and the queen puts her arm around her. that was very unusual. >> it was at first, seen with surprise. and then, i think understood that there is a real friendship. >> on another visit, president obama presents the queen with a gift, when he visits buckingham palace. >> we knew that she had a very special relationship with her father. we had given her a leather bound book of rare memorabilia and photographs from her father 's last visit to the united states with president franklin roosevelt.

she went from page to page. you really could see the joy, the real joy, in her face. >> we are going to make america great again. >> teresa may, who becomes prime minister after the 2016 brexit vote, extends an invitation to donald trump for a full state visit, which would include a meeting with the queen. the invitation sparked backlash. >> i don't think we should be rolling out the carpet to the president of the u.s. and the circumstances, where his policies go against everything we stand for. >> after protests, the state visit changes to what is called a working visit, meaning less pageantry. that meeting occurs on july 13th, 2018. nearly a year after president travels to the uk again. this time, it is an official

state visit. >> the queen is obviously never going to make her feelings known about president trump. it is one of the things on which the queen is going to have to keep a straight face. that is something she is very good at doing. >> the queen is well practiced at remaining stoic. she has to once again after a family crisis with very public implications. in january 2020, the duke and duchess of sussex, announced they are stepping back from their roles as senior members of the royal family. and later, relocate to california. >> they really are the global royal couple. them stepping back as senior royals is such a big news because it is the end of harry and meghan as a core part of the royal family. >> this is going to make for a great season eight of the crown. >> maybe megan can play herself. [laughs] >> the queen's platinum jubilee year marking her historic 70-year reign starts in less

than celebratory fashion. when scandal over allegations concerning prince andrew's ties to deceased sex offender jeffrey epstein rocks the royal family. >> in january 2022, she strips him of his military and royal titles. >> this was a day the queen wanted to avoid. but the palace clearly believes that damage to the royal family is too much. >> it is a storm queen elizabeth will be forced to weather on her own. for more than 70 years, through highs and lows, prince philip was her steadying force. but at age 99, -- >> breaking news from buckingham palace this morning. prince philip, the husband of queen elizabeth, has passed away. >> without the duke and her life, one can only imagine that it will take its toll on the queen. for so many years, he has been her strength, her rock, her friend, her advisor. >> now in her 90s, queen

elizabeth is the longest reigning monarch in british history. though she promised her whole life be devoted to serve her people, she is starting to compare for her successor. during the annual remembrance day ceremony on november 11th, 2017, her majesty stands in attendance, but hands over wreath duties to her son, charles. something she has never done before. >> it's interesting when we look at prince george. he stands to potentially be the first sovereign at the 22nd century. for the queen, she is able to save a future stretching out before her. >> a future that includes celebrating new additions to the winds are family. >> the queen will leave the single greatest blueprint of any previous monarch. she is leaving a neatly package

monarchy, where hands of friendship have been extended, where archaic laws have been changed. >> from the age of 21, to her 90s, she has given her life to the service of her country. >> the queen is the united kingdom. maybe we should call it the united queen them. >> i think if we lived 1000 years, we would never see anything quite like it again. ♪ ♪ ♪ >> good morning from buckingham palace. it is 5:00, and you are watching a special program breakfast show here on sky news, on monday, the 12th of september her final journey, king charles prepares to lead a succession alongside his mother 's coffin, as new details are released about how detail can see the queen lying at state.