[applause] to anyone who has ever, ever had a dream, and thought your dream wasn't, wouldn't, couldn't come true, i am here to tell you that this is what believing looks like. this is what striving looks like, and don't you ever, ever give up on you. >> yes, ma'am. emmy winner sheryl lee ralph to take us off the air. on that fabulous note, i wish you all a very good night. from all of our colleagues across the networks of nbc news, thank you for staying up late with us. i will see you at the end of tomorrow. tomorrow >> very happy to have you here.

we've got it, we've got it, it comes out tomorrow, but we've got it here is how it starts. miley deputy, robert crews, army resolved in urgent phone call from the top of the u.s. services department. the midterm elections were less than two months ago weighing. house and senate, but the next two years of the trump -- investigations. he spoke with eduardo callahan, a high-level trump political appointees at the justice department his message to cause army was then ambiguous. it was time for me, jeffrey berman, the u.s. attorney for the southern district of new york and lifelong republican, time for me to take one for the home team. it came into my office, closed the door, quote, you're not going to believe the conversation i had without callahan, he said. before sharing the details of the top leadership at doj wanted me to bring criminal charges against gregory craig,

a private attorney who had lunched bennett council. they wanted me to bring those charges before election day i said, you've got to be kidding me. i wish, he said, but no. doj's rationale for this demand had nothing to do with evidence or law. o'callaghan kept reminding khuzami our office prosecuted two high-profile trump loyalists, republican congressman chris collins, and trump's private attorney, michael cohen. khuzami related that o'callaghan told him bluntly, quote, it's time for you guys to even things out. i ignored the edict. this episode was not a one-off, it was part of a pattern throughout my tenure as u.s. attorney, trump justice department kept demanding i use my office to aid them, politically. i kept declining in ways just tactful enough to keep me from being fired. i walk this tightrope for two and a half years. eventually, the rope snapped >>

that's how it starts, that's the very beginning. this was written by jeffrey berman who ran sdny, attorney in the southern district of new york for more than half of trump's time in office. geoffrey berman was fired from that job, fired loudly, and in a way that made a difference we will have more on that in a second, that's important. now, since he is the former u.s. attorney, he has written this book, to put it in the public for occurred, how trump and his administration try to force federal prosecutors to go after trump's political enemies, to go after democrats, to help trump's allies, regardless of the law, of regardless of the crimes committed or lack thereof geoffrey berman says one of the things he was told to do as u.s. attorney was prosecute president obama's white house counsel, explicitly told to bring the prosecution before the midterm elections,

told to do so because some republicans had been prosecuted, so now it was time to prosecute a democrat he was told to even things out. berman refused to do it he didn't bring that prosecution, so, yay, rule of law? for a second, what happened after berman refused to do it sdny at, they found somebody else who would. his office did investigate these allegations against greg craig, the obama lawyer, minister gated them thoroughly berman says, based on that investigation, he believed greg craig was innocent of what trump wanted him charged with he says it forced times in his new book, innocent. berman said, no, i think he is innocent of what you want me to charge him with i'm not bringing a prosecute against him he didn't do it. i'm not going to bring charges. after he said that, trump justice department officials decided they would lean on a

different federal prosecutor, take you to another prosecutor's office, took to washington d.c., or that u.s. attorney went along and said, okay, i'll do it. attorn ey went along and said okay, i'because trump, apparent, wanted it, despite a thorough investigation by federal prosecutors that found that craig was factually innocent, nevertheless that u.s. attorney 's office in d.c. was told by trump's appointees that she needed to bring a prosecution to president obama's white house counsel and she did, and it was a fiasco. federal prosecutors win almost all the cases, 90% of the time they get either a play or conviction as a general rule of thumb, they don't bring cases they can't win in the greg craig trial, though, it was ridiculous. an indictment that another federal prosecutors office had refused to bring because they said he didn't do it they brought it in d.c. and, we held two and a half weeklong trial, the jury got the case at the end of the trial, and instant

verdict from the jury, no, greg craig was immediately acquitted there really was no case. this is a problem, right? it's not, oh, a problem with the greg craig prosecution. there was. this was a bigger problem, right? this was the justice department had a serious problem under the presidency of donald trump, stuff that should not have happened, happened. and the greg craig case we know about from jeffrey berman because of his new book, that's just the start. of course, this book arrives at an important moment. if you step back and think about what's going, on the justice department right now under president biden is under this hot, hot spot like because of now what we know or multiple active federal assignations out involved former president trump, just tonight, the new york times reporting an nbc news confirmed 40 trump advisers and

campaign staff were served with subpoenas last week from a federal grand jury. two of them had their cell phone seized by the fbi. 40 of them got subpoenas. we have to guess, like musical chairs style, which of e-money, many, many active federal investigations surrounding trump might have given rise to these 40 new subpoenas take a number, right? in the midst of this investigative maelstrom, surrounding former president trump, right now, the current attorney general, merrick garland, who is the world least likely target for pregnant attacks, right, nothing against them, and never met him, but he really is the man was the most milquetoast, most agreeable, most moderate reputation of any human being in washington. that said, because federal prosecutors at doj are investigating these possible crimes by former president trump, merrick garland, of all people, is getting these slings and arrows now, republicans coming after him look he's

running some sort of doj gone wild. under merrick garland, of all people, going after trump for political sport now, for partisan reasons. that's the criticism from republicans, right, the conservative media. if you listen to the substance of the allegations being investigated against trump, that critique is wrong. those really are rings of classified documents he's not allowed to have that he nevertheless stole and stuffed in his closet in florida they really did, officially, tried to get trump electors into the electoral college count from states trump did not run. he really did someone an armed mob to washington and told them to physically go to the building where congress is counting the votes to try to stop congress from counting the votes. he really does to appear to have taken people's money for something he called his election defense fund, when there was, actually, no election defense fund and he just kept the money the substance of these cases,

what's public about them, at least, it plainly disproves this criticism from the right that these federal investigations involving trump are baseless, right? prosecutors are pursuing real crimes, that they are hounding cumbersome political reason. at the same time, we have this increasing public record evidence that, when trump was in charge, when he was president, when his appointees were running the justice department, they really did have a doj gone wild. they really did do everything they could to use federal prosecutors, to use federal law enforcement, to help the president's friends and tried to punish his enemies. ident's friends they are accusie of it now, when it's not happening, but when they were in charge, they truly, actually, really did it. as a tactic, that's called projection, right? i know you are, but what am i, i read, your blue, all right, just as frustrating when it comes from three fighting

seven-year-old on the playground with their fingers jammed up each other's noses as it is when it comes from a political movement led by a 76-year-old man, right? projection is annoying. again if you could get past the political impact in the argumentative tactic there, this is a serious thing. as a rule of law question, on the basic question of whether we are a country governed by a constitution in the rule of law, force and power, by mean, vindictive, men using the doj the way trump did to go after your friends, using the justice department that way, that's up there on the list of bad things to happen in the government. what is now on the public record about what trump did with the rule of law, with doj when he was president, it's worse than anything of a kind

done by any other u.s. president, including nixon, and he was bad on this front. we know a lot more new details of this now, from geoffrey berman, lifelong republican, trump appointee, the man who worked on the campaign and transition in 2017, there is named as the u.s. attorney in the nation's most prominent federal prosecutors office, he was named attorney for sdny. he is now telling what he knows, and what he experienced. here is more that we, the american people, now know thanks to this new book from geoffrey berman. quote, while michael cohen pled guilty, our office continued to pursue investigations related to other possible campaign finance violations. when bill barr took over as u.s. attorney general, in february 2019, six months after cohen's guilty plea, he not only tried to kill the ongoing investigations, we were engaged in, but incredibly, he

suggested that cohen's conviction on campaign finance charges should be reversed. barr summit my deputy rob khuzami, who was overseeing the cohen case, in late february, to challenge the basis of cohen's plea as well as the reasoning behind pursuing similar campaign finance charges against other individuals. khuzami was told to cease all investigative work on the campaign finance allegations until main justice determined there was a legal basis for the campaign finance charges do which cohen pled guilty, and until barnett term and there was a sufficient federal interest in pursuing charges against others. the directive bill barr gave my deputy, rob khuzami, amplified that same day by a follow-up call from edward o'callaghan, that directive was explicit. not a single investigative step could be taken, not a single document in our possession could be reviewed. if manges to cited in the end that there was no legal basis for the charges, the attorney

general of the united states would then direct us to dismiss the campaign finance guilty pleas of michael cohen, the man who implicated the attorney general's boss, the president. winds barr posture raises obvious questions, berman rates. did he think dropping the finance charges would bolster trump's defence against impeachment charges? was he trying to ensure that no other trump associates or employees would be charged with making hush money payments, or perhaps flip on the president? was the goal to ensure the president could not be charged after leaving office? was it part of an effort to undo the entire series of investigations and prosecutions over the past two years of those in the presidents orbit? michael cohen, roger stone, michael flynn. as u.s. attorney at sdny, geoff berman says he was told by trump appointees to bring a prosecution against president obama's white house counsel, despite the fact that that man committed no crime.

trump's attorney general told berman's office to stop investigating anybody else who was involved in the campaign finance felonies that put the presidents lawyer in prison. campaign finance felonies that directly involved the president himself and were committed for his benefit. they tried to undo michael cohen's guilty plea, they did not succeed in that, but they did delay by months any further investigation into whether people involved in cohen's crimes. that's not it. look at this, from berman's new book. trump's justice department tells sdny not only they want to evaluate the basis of cohen's plea, and they want sdny to stop investigating anybody else who might have been involved in those crimes committed by the trump campaign, to cover up evidence of alleged affairs, sdny also was contacted by trump's justice department, senior officials, and they were told they needed to get rid of all mentions of

individual one in the michael cohen indictment. sdny said, no, they resisted, but sdny officials did take out of the michael cohen related court filings the most direct language they had in those filings saying what role trump played in those crimes. here's how burma describes it, quote, main justice interfered when the information was being finalized after michael cohen agreed to plead guilty, the charging instrument for him became an information rather than indictment. berman says, quote, it was about 40 pages long, and it referenced a person identified as individual one, having acted in concert with cohen. there is no doubt as to the identity individual one, it was donald j trump. -- the next day, robert kazemi, my deputy who is overseeing the case, received a call from edward oh cayenne.

oh callahan was aggressive. why the length, he wanted to know. we said that once -- what exactly are you concerned about? oh callahan proceeded to identify specific allegations he wanted removed. all of which referenced individual won it quickly became apparent to kazemi that contrary to what o'callaghan professed, it wasn't the overall length of detail of the document that concerned him, it was any mention of individual one. kazemi and o'callaghan went through a handful of these, -- sensing that this was going to be a long adversarial process he told o'callaghan that he was aware of his concerns, and the team would redraft the information, and remove certain not essential details. the team is tasked with the rewrite, they stayed up most of the night. the revised information in cohen's case was now 21 pages, down from 40. it removed certain allegations

including allegations that individual one acted in concert with and coordinated with cohen on the illegal campaign contributions. the information now alleged that cohen acted in concert and coordinated with

-- calls a hostile takeover of the u.s. attorney's office. in the u.s. attorney's office in d.c., this second most preeminent prosecutors office in the country after sdny. what barr did down there after you put the attorney out, but his own guy in, like lightning they moved to drop the charges, undo the guilty plea by trump national security adviser mike flynn. they moved to undo the

recommended sentence for trump advisor roger stone who just been convicted on multiple felonies. there were also reports that they kibosh the active investigations for people who had not yet been charged. now, in the flynn and stone cases, prosecutors or worked on those cases and caught those convictions and guilty pleas, they withdrew from those cases in protest. one prosecutor resigned from the justice department altogether. it was gross. the u.s. attorney's office in washington d.c. was corrupted, when bill barr took out the u.s. attorney there, and put it in his operatives and took it over for trump, and then started doing favors for trump allies. that's what he did in d.c.. and jeff berman believed that's what he was gonna do in sdny. and jeff berman stop that in sdny, when he refused to resign, he refused to go along when barr said he must resign. when barr in fact said he had resigned, jeff berman publicly pushed back on what barr was

doing, and he publicly pushback on anyone interfering sdny's ongoing cases. he insisted explicitly and publicly, literally in a press release that he was not resigning, that they would have to fire him to get out of there, and in so doing he ensured that barr wouldn't be able to take over sdny the way he did the d.c. u.s. attorney's office. berman made it so barr was basically forced to put sdny not in the hands of some patsy but in the hands of berman's own deputy who is a career prosecutor not somebody who would start prosecuting anybody the president tweeted about so vermin yes he's written a book will ask him about that with credit for squawking. if heaven forbid you find yourself working for corrupt would be autocrat you will have to choose your own adventure at the time as well if you're concerned with having to live

with yourself for the rest of your day's my recommend the resign or get fired on principled grounds option and tell everybody why when it happens we. that is what jeffrey berman did he went out on principled grounds squawking loudly about why in what for and stopping worst time by doing so we and now yes he's got a book to tell us the rest of it but it turns out not just a story of how he left but the rest of it the rest of what they did was wrong is a lot and he wants to talk about all of it and it's because out tomorrow and he's here live exclusively next. exclusively next

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jeffrey berman's new book which is called holding the line, out tomorrow, he details how the justice department under donald trump tried to strong-arm his office, the u.s. attorney's office that sdny to pursue the unpredictability plea motivated investigations that would

please or benefit the president. it was the demand that he prosecute glenn craig, and do it right before the midterm election pleads because he's a democrat, even though there's no real case there. we have jeff berman's word for that in his new book. i also need to tell you that today, in preparation for having mr. bourbon on the show tonight, we were today able to confirm the accuracy of his account of that improper pressure in the gregory craig case. we were able to confirm that with another person who is in a position to know what happened there. so we have ourselves, to our satisfaction confirmed with another source, that improper pressure about the gregory craig case was in fact brought on sdny. permit also says in his book that there is also a repeated demand, then berman sdny bring criminal charges against john kerry, of all people. obama's secretary of state, now biden's climate envoy, trump said on twitter that john kerry should be prosecuted for something, the trump justice department officials told

jeffrey berman sdny did to do it. they refused -- they socked into another prosecutor to bring it. that prosecutor refused to bring the case as well. when the campaign finance housemate hush money case was, according to berman, purposely stalled out after michael cohen pled guilty in that case. one who's been red by state prosecutors. berman described the guys at the justice department trying to force women in sdny, into telling federal court in new york that a sitting president could -- couldn't be investigated for any crimes. berman did not believe that was true, and he refused that insistent demand from doj. it just goes, on and on and on. >> i never speculated about the

specific reasons he wanted me out, as an attorney i avoid allegations that don't yet have the facts to support. but it was no secret to me that much of what we did sdny, and much of what we did not, displeased trump. and if it displays the president, it would've displeased bar, it's outworked. it is remarkable how many times barr intervened in less than a year and, half in ways that would benefit our pleas trump. at the time i was fired in mid june 2020, the presidential election was less than five months away. i'm sure that barr was tired of this seven districts independents, but it's also fair to assume that there is a political component in his move to oust me. barr did the president's bidding no matter how he may try to deny that now. he no doubt believe that by removing me, he could illuminate a threat to trump's reelection. jeffrey berman never gave a single interview while serving as u.s. attorney. now he is a former u.s. attorney, and in his new book he says the bill barr and

jeffrey rosen, and rich donahue, and edward o callahan, also participated in these very sustained an improper efforts by the justice department to corrupt federal law enforcement, and crossed the power of federal prosecution and help donald trump and respond to his whims. he also said he was removed from his office, because something about his work as u.s. attorney threatened the reelection of the president in 2020. first of all, what was that? second of all, what do we do here? what do we do with this? it is a problem for us as a country that we elected a president wanted to use the justice department like this. we know that that's a problem i think. one could argue that that it's an even bigger problem that there are all these senior officials who are happy to do it who perverted not just investigations but prosecutions and pleadings and sentences. they actually did it a corrupt

man, a corrupt leader is a tragedy, with a law enforcement agency that is proven itself to be corruptible, that needs to be fixed. this has to be fixed with. i will tell you, tonight, since we've been on the, air at the senate judiciary committee has just confirmed to us that they are launching an investigation into the claims made in mr. berman's book. in a letter sent to attorney general merrick garland, -- number two senate democrats said, quote, these reported claims indicate astonishing and unacceptable deviations from the department's mission to pursue impartial justice, and requires that prosecutorial decisions be free from political decisions. they announced they're launching this investigation. senator durbin has told the justice department to hand over to the judiciary committee all documents and communications between doj and the southern district of new york, related to the michael cohen case, the

john kerry case, and the gregory craig case, as detailed in jeffrey bernie's brand-new book. joining us now is jeffrey berman, former u.s. attorney for the state of new york, from 2018 to 2020, when he was forced out by attorney general bill barr, and he refused to resign. his book is called holding a line, inside -- the trump justice department. mr. berman, the book comes out tomorrow. i really appreciate you being here tonight to talk about it, this is a lot. >> thank you for having me. >> first, let me just ask you. i have read the book closely. backwards and forwards, as of members of my staff in helping me to prepare to talk to you tonight. but i readily admit that i may have gotten some of these things wrong as i tried to sum them up. is anything that i said this marquee is wrong or misguided? >> no, it was great, all of it very accurate. >> i have to ask you about this breaking news first, senator dick durbin, he chairs this senate judiciary committee, the

number to senator. he has written to the justice department tonight, and announced that the judiciary committee is launching an informal investigation. he's asked the justice department to hand over its investigations around these episodes that you described. do you believe that there will be documentation that these communications will be noted in some way that the department can provide to the judiciary committee so they can investigate these allegations? >> oh, i'm sure there are documents that will be available. rachel, my book, as you know, is all about transparency. you know, i wanted people to understand the full scope of the outrageous and improper political interference by trump's justice department, in the cases of the southern district of new york. it demonstrates what trump is capable of, and what he's likely to do, and it also provides a frontline view of

just how vulnerable our justice system is. the book is about transparency, and i welcome this investigation, this congressional investigation, because i think a light has to be thrown on this kind of outrageous conduct that really conducted the department of justice, and turned it into a political instrument for the president. >> some of this conduct you are describing for the first time in this book. but some of this, for lack of a better phrase you squawked about at the time that they forced you out, as u.s. attorney. you put out this remarkable press release of the time, you insisted that you would not resign, then when bill barr said you had resigned, that he was lying about that. it was their remarkable confrontation, and scored a stand out moment on your part. i remember late one night in 2020, i was agog watching it

happen and what but what -- >> i knew at the time that if barr got me out the way he wanted to, he would put in outsider in that office, that he trusted. and our sensitive investigations that were going on would've been jeopardized. and so, i was very noisy, i told the entire country what i thought barr was doing, and how it crossed the line. and i think because of that very noisy exit, as you said, audrey strauss took over as acting u.s. attorney, and she's a person of the highest integrity, and an icon of the new york bar. >> when you put out that press release, when you push back in a noisy way, you, said i'm quoting from you here. our investigations will move forward without delay or interruption. i intend to ensure that this office important cases continue unimpeded. explain in the book that you chose those words carefully, because they reference the actual language of the criminal statute on the obstruction of

justice. i have to ask, we implication is that it's possible that you believed is sort of a crime, what happened here office. that what trump appointees are trying to do to fdny was criminal obstruction of justice. is that the implication are raising here? >> i haven't focused on whether is a crime or not. but i can tell you it violated all the norms in traditions of the department of justice, which is supposed to be independent from politics. and trump turned the department into his own personal law firm. he put in people who would do his bidding and they would target trump's political enemies, and assist trump's friends, and it was a disgrace. that's what i kind of details in the book, several instances of that. >> you say throughout the book how you tried to stay and fight

to keep sdny from being corrupted with -- another eminent u.s. attorney's office. you have a few different times you said variations i did want to be fired and replaced by someone who be completely compliant, as you just mentioned. i do have to ask you, why, when they made you take the individual one language out of the cohen information. when they told you to prosecute john kerry, or do it before the election, why don't we hear this from you than, or if you couldn't do it then, why you're still holding the job why did you hear it from you when you are fired? >> well, there are rules, laws and statutes and regulations the prohibit doj employees and former employees, from talking about ongoing cases and investigations, as well as conversations, internal conversations relating to those

cases. and you know, we are bound by that, and so for example when i gave congressional testimony after i got fire, i went to the ethics office of the southern district of the new york. and i said, what can i talk about? because there were ongoing investigations, that were politically sensitive at the time i got fired, and barr knew about them. can i talk about it, and the ruling that came down, and i respected it, we is that you can't talk about any ongoing investigations, because they might be jeopardized, you can talk about any other cases that went on, you can't even talk about the conversations that you had with other department of justice employees, except for the two days before he got fired. you can talk about bill barr, and that's the authority i had when i went into my congressional testimony. quite frankly, it was

frustrating, because i couldn't tell the whole story. and the whole story need to be told. and that's the reason i wrote the book. and the book was put through pre publication review by the department of justice. i followed all the rules, still, i've never violated an internal doj rule, where statute to this day. i'm in compliance with every rule and statute. the book has been entirely vetted by the doj, and i've gotten permission to publish it. and that's, i think, why you don't hear more doj people talking about the cases they're working on, they've estimations, conversations with other people, because they are restricted from doing so. and if they are to behave in a, you know, unethical manner, they can't do so. will >> you do say, towards the very end of the book, something that hat that resonates very loudly. you say that, you believe you

are forced out was based in politics, the time in five months before the election was not an accident, and you say you believe that barr first out of that job at sdny because he no doubt believe that by removing the he could eliminate a threat to trump's reelection. how is your work as u.s. attorney a threat to trump's reelection. >> at the time i was fired, the southern district of new york was working on a couple of politically sensitive cases. one of those cases is the steve bannon we build the wall case. we were very close to indicting that case, around the time i got fired. and barr knew about the case. and as you know, with that case was indicted by the southern district of new york, by audrey strauss, who took over as acting u.s. attorney after as fired. she brought that prosecution, and then president trump pardoned steve bannon which was an outrageous pardon. but that's one of the cases

that we were investigating, and we were very close to indicting. the other case was the ukraine investigations, arising out of the -- indictments. and that was something we've been investigating for quite awhile, and we can feel canoed bestie for quite awhile. both of them were very sensitive. >> jeffrey berman, former u.s. attorney for the southern district of new york, author of the very, very news the new book, holding the line, inside the nations preeminent u.s. attorney's office and his battle with the trump justice department. sir, thank you for being noisy when it counted. thank you for relaying what you've done now. i imagine we are about to start a whole new chapter in terms of accountability at the justice department, which you served. thank you, we appreciate it, good luck. all right, much more ahead here tonight, stay with us. t, stay with us. are being felt everywhere. that's why at chevron, we're increasing production in the permian basin by 15%.

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90% of the profits go to out-of-state corporations permanently. only pennies on the dollar for the homeless permanently. and with loopholes, the homeless get even less permanently. prop 27. they didn't write it for the homeless. this weekend, the war in they wrote it for themselves. ukraine changed a lot. ukrainian forces raised the ukrainian flag to town after town into town, they recovered tons of territory back from russian forces. this entire section of this map this marked blue at the top of the map, ukrainian forces took that all back in a weekend, this weekend. when ukrainian fares eventual visor so there's so many russian troops were captured in this ukrainian advance this weekend that ukraine is now running out of space to keep all of their russian prisoners. in response to this weekend's

advance, russia has been bombing civilian infrastructure in ukraine. this power plant powers the kharkiv region as ukraine took it back. russia bombed its power supply ukraine's president volodymyr zelenskyy posted a video of the plant on fire last night, along with the statement that he directed right at russian president vladimir putin. he said quote read, my lips. with without gas or without you? without you. without lighter without you? without you. without water or without you? without you. without food or without you? without you. cold, hunger, darkness, thirst, are not as threatening or deadly for us as your friendship and brotherhood. history will put everything in its place. we will be without gas, light, what are, and food, but we will be without you. joining us now is retired into lieutenant general ben hodges, he's a former commanding general for the u.s. army in

europe is currently a senior adviser -- it's great to see you my friend, thanks for joining us tonight. >> thank you rachel. >> do you think this could be a sustained change in the war where is it possible that these advances by ukraine are fleeting? >> it's too early to be planning a victory parade but the significance of what is happening psychologically as well as physically we're all watching video of abandoned equipment, of ukrainian forces moving these villages been liberated it's impressive and then just earlier we saw that ukrainian forces hit a major russian airfields which is north east of mariupol but they are already in position to strike targets like that it's just a matter of time before they start hitting daily targets inside crimea. and then it's just a matter of time.

>> in terms of the capabilities of the ukrainian forces we saw some remarkable reporting today that in some places where the ukrainians man to this counteroffensive over the weekend, they outnumbered the russian forces it to one, they put a lot of manpower into this. how much of this is just good strategic movement of forces, that is some misinformation from the ukrainian side, as to where exactly this might happen. how much of this is made possible by the fan types of advanced weaponry them able to get, including the united states. >> you touched on a really important point what matters when it comes to numbers is getting them at the point where you want baker attack we. they've grown the size of their armies significantly in the past six months but getting numerical superiority at the decisive point is what is key and you're talking about that. this is possible for three things number when the growing

professionalism of the ukrainian general staff to maintain operational security so we know more about what the russians are doing that we know about what the ukrainians are doing. secondly the provision of weapons like we have given them the ability to destroy russian commanding control and russian logistics and finally the russian forces themselves their logistics are exhausted. -- >> retired lieutenant ben hodges, former commanding general for the united states army europe. sir thank you, i was really hoping that we'd be able to get you tonight, i know you had to stick to our dark 30 for the time difference night to be able to be with us, i appreciated sir. >> it is my privilege, thank you rachel. >> we'll be right back, stay with us. with us.

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support democratic governor gretchen whitmer for reelection. republicans supporting the democratic governor. here is the rhyming couplet for that story from kansas. well known former republican governor of kansas has just endorsed the incumbent democratic governor in that state, their race for governor as well. and oh it's not a couplet, it's a trifecta. in pennsylvania, since july we've been seen headline after headline about prominent republicans in pennsylvania breaking ranks with their party to support the democratic governor candidate in that state as well. josh shapiro. so michigan, kansas, pennsylvania all current headlines about republicans noisily for claiming they will not support their own parties republican candidate, they're gonna cross party lines for the democrats instead. that is because republicans in each of those states, in michigan, in kansas in pennsylvania they have nominated some legitimately out

there and candidates for governor all of whom are endorsed by trump, all of whom are parroting some version of the claim that the elections don't count anymore. we on that point, i spent a month in wintertime tonight talking about this bombshell new book that's coming out tomorrow by jeffrey berman. -- that comes out tomorrow. but the other book that comes out tomorrow is one that i have been dying to read since i heard it was coming out. it's from david coren, it's called american psychosis, and it's basically a modern history of the right. particularly how the wright and the republican party have dealt with extremists in their midst over the time leading up to the trump era. and as much as we feel that what is going on right now is all unprecedented and things have never been this nuts. what he is writing about in his era to dusable and ineffable vivid corn's cautionary tale

for what's happened today, and also a reminder that we've dealt with some of these dynamics before. for example he writes in his new book about the role that the far-right conspiracy theorist organization than john birch society he writes about how instrumental that organization was in pushing the republican party to the right in the mid 20th century. also specifically in helping fire right senator barry goldwater the republican nominee in -- when we talk about that era in history. the popular sort of history in this era can typically congratulates mains stream conservative leaders of the time for pushing kooks like the john birch society out of the republican party out of the suspect we in our popular history at this time people love to congratulate one leading conservative voice, william f buckley editor of the national review which was just

as influential as the fox news of its day. david cohen's book says the history right in the way that is really helpful let me read you some of what he wrote. he said in january 1962, william f buckley and other conservative luminaries met with barry goldwater at a florida hotel. and they further discuss what to do about temperatures. goldwater insisted the group contained both kooks and using conservatives, and was opposed to slamming the group. others in the room wanted to ask communicate the burgers from the conservative moment. they cook about compromise, denounced the leader of the john birch society, but not the society itself. a month leader later, the national review blasted the leader's views as far removed from the common sense, for the magazine held itself for being the home of a dedicated anti communists. the fundamental mission of the britons was to promote crazy conspiracy theories, they are allowing this lunacy to spread on the right, when goldwater ran for president 1964, bridges enthusiastically donated in volunteer for him.

with all this insistence from berger's and other far-right extremists, he famously thunder that extremism in the defensive liberty is no vice. lbj used goldwater's embrace of extremism to thrash from in the general election. republicans struggling with the strategic question of how to embrace the crazy in our party, trying to keep the conspiracy theorists inside their base happy because they don't wanna risk alienated them, losing their support, that is what allowed the democratic president in 1964 to make that election or a referendum on republican extremism, which led to a landslide victory for democrats. history doesn't ever repeat itself exactly, it only ever rhymes but this is a time when the history of political parties self police in the kooks among them feels really prescient and the sort of easy elevator length history of how

we came up with these things isn't always subtle enough to get us to the truth of the hard decisions that were and weren't made back in the day, which can be far from where we are today. all the's to say i'm really happy his new book is coming out tomorrow is called american psychosis is gonna be on chris hayes show tomorrow night to talk about -- gonna have him on a couple weeks to talk about it but again history is here to help a lot that's got out right now i'm very excited to see that. that's gonna do it for us right now alex wagner will be here tomorrow now it's time for the last word with lawrence o'donnell. >> we >> is it okay if i have david corn on too, to talk about american psychosis? the title of his new, i think as of now, his by sign because of the five minutes you spent on it. >> listen, i love david corn. personal disclosure, he's a friend, i think is a great journalist, i love the way he thinks and rights. i am so glad that he's done a super readable modern history