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wait till you see this. it is good to be back with you on this second hour of "chris jansing reports." at this hour, done deal? israel's prime minister recommends a cease-fire with lebanon's hezbollah to his cabinet. what he just said about when the fighting could stop as we're expecting to hear from president biden this hour. plus, trump's day one promise already rocking top u.s. trade partners. why the president-elect says he'll enact new tariffs on canada, china, mexico in his first 24 hours back in the white house. and the impact it could have here at home. and less for more. president biden looking to get

popular and costly weight loss drugs covered for millions of americans. how the new rule would work for folks on medicare and medicaid. also, the horrific new charges tied to the same fbi agent who was acquitted two years ago of a metro shooting. so what happens now? our nbc news reporters are following all of the latest developments. we begin in the middle east where a cease-fire deal between israel and hezbollah could be imminent. nbc's hala gorani reports from the region. what more do we know? >> reporter: well, chris, we heard from the israeli prime minister benjamin netanyahu explain to his people, specifically to the residents of the northern communities who have been displaced for more than a year since they started trading fire, he explained his rationale for signing on to the deal. before we get to that, though, a quick summary of what is included in this agreement. so, it is in -- essentially

there are three parts in two phases. three parts would involve, first of all, within 60 days the israeli military withdrawing from southern lebanon. so withdrawing its ground troops from there. the hezbollah militant organization backed by iran would move north of the litani river, it would have to take with it all of its equipment, all of its weapons, that is a tall order. in that area that is then -- that the two sides withdraw from, the regular lebanese army, this is the army of the central government of lebanon would then take up positions and essentially it would occupy that buffer space between the two sides. the two phases are first 60 days. that is the time given to hezbollah and the israeli military to reposition their troops. and after that, the cease-fire would be immediate, but after that, if all of the conditions are met in the cease-fire agreement, the cease-fire would continue and would become a

permanent cessation of hostilities. even though this has been approved and the prime minister of israel announced it to his people, still many things can go wrong in its implementation. this is how benjamin netanyahu justified his decision to support the agreement, just a few minutes ago. >> translator: first, focusing on the iranian threat and there is no need to expand. second, refreshing our forces and rearming our troops. and it is no secret there have been delays, big delays in the supply of arms. and this delay is about to stop soon. we will arm ourselves with sophisticated arms that will help us protect our troops and give us even greater force to complete our missions. and the third reason for a

cease-fire now, isolating hamas. >> reporter: and, chris, briefly, i spoke to a high level intelligence official in israel who did say that though it is not explicitly stated in this cease-fire agreement, that this delay in weaponry that the prime minister mentioned there in his address was referring to weapons that had not been sent in a timely manner according to the israelis by the united states. and that they anticipate that some of these weapons including one ton bombs from the united states would be sent to israel as a result of them having signed on to this cease-fire agreement, though, again, it is not something that is explicitly stated in the agreement that was announced by the parties. chris? >> hala gorani, thank you. now to donald trump's tariff threat against america's three biggest trading partners. nbc's aaron gilchrist is in west palm beach. talk about the strategy here.

>> reporter: yeah, the strategy here, chris, does seem to be to apply some pressure on these countries to address some of the big challenges that they face at this point. the president-elect went on his social media platform last night and posted he was going to sign an executive order on day one to impose a 25% tariff on products from mexico and from canada and that they would remain in effect, quote, until drugs and illegal aliens, he said, stopped flowing into this country. he also said additionally there would be a 10% tariff -- additional tariff we would see on china until that country stopped the flow of drugs as well. in particular, he mentioned fentanyl. an issue, a problem we know we talked about often over the last several years in particular as it relates to mexico and to china. at the same time, we can look at these -- this statement from the president-elect and see that he's also suggesting that all of these countries have the ability now to affect these challenges

on their own without much need for assistance from the united states. the reaction that we're hearing from mexico, from china, from canada, is similar in that they all say, hang on, let's have conversations about this, let's continue the cooperative efforts that we have seen over the last couple of years in particular to try to address these big challenges. the mexican president, the new president of mexico, had a briefing this morning where she tried to address this issue saying that you can't solve these challenges with threats and tariffs. she said that cooperation and understanding are what is needed. she also suggested there could be some tit for tat here that if tariffs were to be placed on mexican products, you could then see mexico place tariffs on american products as well. and so, chris, it seems as though early on, before the administration, the trump administration even takes effect, there is tension now between major trading partners with the united states. >> aaron gilchrist, thank you. let's go to that proposal from the white house to expand

coverage of costly obesity drugs for millions of americans under medicare and medicaid. nbc's mike memoli is following this story for us. how does this plan work? >> these drugs are expensive but also quite popular and what the administration is dealing with is that existing federal law prevents federal health programs, medicare for seniors, medicaid for lower income individuals, for paying for drugs simply for the purpose of weight loss. so the administration's approach here is to reclassify obesity as a chronic disease to say essentially that because obesity, something that more than 4 in 10 americans are considered obese can contribute to other more serious issues, especially related to heart disease, that this is a long-term benefit for americans. this is also a potentially expensive proposal, it could cost more than $36 billion for medicare and medicaid combined. listen to dr. ezekiel emanuel, a former administration official lay out what the administration is doing here. >> there are many -- we know if

we treat patients and they get the weight off and keep the weight off their health improves dramatically. so i think that's the pressure that the government is feeling. >> now, what this new regulation by the administration does is trigger a 60-day comment period. now, let's look at the calendar. in 55 days, president-elect donald trump takes over, his administration could reverse this. if so, i thought inteing some of the reaction we're seeing perfect from the president's party, bernie sanders saying while he welcomes the idea of making the drugs more accessible, it is in his view up to the drugmakers to lower the cost to make them accessible to a far broader swath of americans. >> mike memoli, thank you. to the shocking arrest of an fbi agent accused of multiple sexual assaults just two years after being found not guilty in the shooting of a homeless man on a d.c. metro. nbc's ryan reilly is reporting

on this for us. walk us through the agent and the latest charges. >> yeah, it is a really disturbing case here, chris. essentially what the authorities allege here is that this fbi special agent had set up using an alias, a fake name, a business out in gaithersburg, maryland, he called it d.c. fine line tattoos and presented himself allegedly as an individual named lilo brown. he was found not guilty of second degree attempted murder charges because he was involved in this shooting on the d.c. metro line a couple of years ago. so, you know, given the results of that case we can presume that he was in this suspended status and wasn't acting as a full agent for the past years as all this has been adjudicated because the separate process that unfolds at the bureau is different from the criminal charges. but what police are essentially doing here is coming forward with that press conference now,

because they want to get out the message and think there could be potentially other victims in this scenario. he was renting space for this tattoo parlor and bringing women in and getting them free tattoos in exchange for saying he would take photos of them and that's essentially the scenario that he was setting up here. police are definitely looking for whether there are more victims beyond those they have already identified who may have fallen prey to this individual with this tattoo parlor setup here. >> ryan reilly, thank you. in 90 seconds, digging into the new legal landscape for presidential powers, unlike anything this country may have ever seen. plus, no car, no credit card, no cash, what rudy giuliani just claimed during a courtroom outburst. giuliani just claimed during a courtroom outburst ays felt most comfortable up here, with the folks that made me who i am. i'm right at home, out here on the land. and i'm in my lane on the shoulder of the interstate.

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the decision to drop cases against donald trump raises a really important question going forward. are there any limits to presidential criminality? when donald trump said he could shoot someone on 5th avenue and not lose voters, was he right? as charlie savage points out in "the new york times," the country is left with momentous unsettled questions about constraints on criminal wrongdoing by presidents from the scope of presidential immunity to whether the justice department may continue to appoint outside special counsels to investigate high level wrongdoing. axios is reporting that trump is

likely to tap loyalist kash patel for a top fbi or doj post. and will all this embolden trump's second term, raising the stakes for future presidential accountability? ken dilanian reports from washington. with us in studio, nbc's vaughn hillyard who covers the president-elect, and state attorney general for palm beach county, dave aronberg, who left the sunshine and came here to new york city. we're glad to have him. vaughn, i guess that is the overarching picture now that these cases have been dropped, does it embolden donald trump for a second term? >> especially coming out of the supreme court's ruling here. >> win, win, win. >> win, win, win, and all his interactions with the department of justice in 2020, some controversial, some in which he was even suggesting allegedly that they should, his attorney general, should release erroneous reporting that the election was stolen from him and there was fraud, which was not the fact, but what the supreme

court determined was that even after upon leaving the white house that none of that would have been chargeable, that none of it would have been criminal because he was serving in the capacity of president. and then even his interactions, what he tweeted out when he was in the white house, that was also protected and found to be immune. it calls into question, you know, what would donald trump have to do in the white house to actually cross that threshold in which it would not be part of his official duties and his capacity because he was essentially going to be able to get away with all four of these criminal indictments in everything that came with them. there is going to be no consequences in the end, for donald trump, he's got four years ahead of him, not that i'm sure he's planning to commit crimes, but he knows at the bare minimum he has a great deal of protection. >> does it mean or does it say that for certain people or at least one person the law may not apply? >> for one person. it is frustrating as a

prosecutor because you believe in the rule of law. the supreme court put his thumb on the scale, said that the president gets broad immunity, you can't even use official act evidence to prove unofficial crimes. so it does seem like someone is above the law. and even if he does commit crimes in the next four years, do you think that prosecutors are going to prosecute him when he's 82 years old and leaves office, i don't think so. especially because he's so good at delays that the prosecutors may just say, hey, he's done, let it go. >> so, ken, how could this change the justice department and how it views appointing outside special counsels? >> that's a really interesting question, chris, because todd blanche is the number two at the justice department, he got finished winning an argument, down with judge aileen cannon in florida that the way the justice department appoints special counsels is illegal and unconstitutional. that is not the justice department's position. and that actually that court ruling is not binding on the justice department. and there are going to be opportunities and maybe

motivations for donald trump and his attorney general pam bondi to want to appoint a special counsel. you can foresee a situation where they might want to appoint a special counsel to investigate the investigators the way they did in the first term with john durham. and it is going to be really interesting to see whether the doj changes its position with todd blanche at the number two slot or whether they just decide that that view is no longer operative and that they can still appoint special counsels where there are conflicts of interest or whether they need to investigate their own people. >> and somebody who could play into this as you well know, ken, is kash patel. it is someone you said just this morning is the personification of maga rage. he has sworn vengeance against the department. so what could it look like to have him appointed to a position on the inside? >> yeah, personification of maga rage, aimed at what he calls the deep state at the fbi, at the justice department, at the intelligence community. he's been making wild and baseless charges for years, and he seems to really believe that

the fbi was corruptly twisted into investigating donald trump for political reasons, which there is no evidence to support that, whatsoever. he seems to want to get in there and investigate that question, and he may well succeed in doing that. but, you know, in order to investigate you have to have some kind of predication, if you want to have fbi agents looking into this, a prosecutor with subpoena power, you can't do this out of thin air. it is an interesting stress test for the system to see if people like kash patel get in there and start asking career public servants to do things that may not be supported by the facts. >> one thing we already do know, vaughn, based on some of the people that donald trump has picked is that wild and baseless charges making them is not disqualifying. it may in fact be a positive for some folks and i wonder if there are conversations behind closed doors right now about where might be the best place for someone like kash patel.

>> kash patel spoke just before donald trump took the stage at a rally in the final month of the election in las vegas, nevada, at an event i was at. he's remained close ally to be people like ric grenell, appeared on steve bannon's war room podcast, someone who remained part of this nucleus of individuals who did not run away from donald trump in the immediate aftermath of the january 6th attack and upon his departure from washington. and this calls into question, i had earlier reporting he was under consideration with ken, under consideration to be the fbi director. that would be a confirmable position and it would require donald trump firing chris wray, whose term does not end officially until 2027. you could install him into a doj position or inside of the fbi in a political appointee position that does not require senate confirmation. there is 4,000 political appointee jobs across the federal government, executive branch, just 1,000 of them

required to be senate confirmed. so the question is whether donald trump will try to go that route and potentially put him in at the fbi director role or go the safer route and just make sure he's in one of these positions. >> so, dave, let's talk about the possibility of investigating the investigators. that's just, like, one in a long list, right, of people who have been suggested that either by donald trump or by his allies that a new administration could go after, yes, maybe folks at the doj, yes, maybe people who are in the media that they don't like, and democratic lawmaker chris murphy said this, take a listen. >> i'm getting prepared for the worst, which is, you know, arrest warrants for members of congress. >> arrest warrants, dave, for members of congress. how concerning is it? these are the folks who are supposed to provide some of the checks and balances to the

president, who could be afraid potentially of speaking out. >> under attorney general matt gaetz you would have seen that. i don't think you'll see that under attorney general pam bondi. i think there will be investigations of the investigators. but they have to be careful not to overplay their hand. john durham he investigated the investigators and he was humiliated with quick jury acquittals. this may sound like a great idea for trump and maga world, but trump says he got more popular when he was sitting as a defendant in that courtroom, does he want the same to be true for liz cheney? >> thank you, all. an angry rudy giuliani was in a manhattan courtroom today, attacking a judge for ordering him to hand over property to two georgia election workers he defamed. and, boy, was rudy crying poverty. >> the reality is i have no cash. it is all tied up.

so right now if i wanted to call a taxicab, i can't do it. i don't have a credit card. i don't have a checking account. i have no place i can go take cash out except a little bit that i saved and it is getting down to almost nothing. i do not regret it for a minute. i regret the persecution i've been put to. >> the former mayor of new york city also requested a delay of the january 16th trial date saying it would conflict with his plans to attend donald trump's inauguration festivities. msnbc's lisa rubin is following this story for us. what more can you tell us, lisa? >> rudy giuliani did not get that requested delay of the january 16th trial today. he had requested that delay on the basis that his prior counsel in this matter withdrew for reasons that weren't specified. today, the judge telling mr. giuliani that he'll have to go to trial on january 16th on the limited issue of whether his

florida apartment, which he claims is his sole and primary residence under something called florida's homestead law, has to be turned over to georgia election workers ruby freeman and her daughter shaye moss who hold a $146 million defamation judgment against mr. giuliani. mr. giuliani got very tearful and even recalcitrant today, telling the judge that he and others like him just want to take everything from him and bankrupt him because they disagree with former and future president trump, all told this has not been a fortunate road for rudy giuliani and i expect it will get even worse. >> thank you, lisa rubin. january 16th it starts, the inauguration is january 20th. could he still make it to the party? >> rudy? >> yeah. >> yes. he will try. by the way, i'm from palm beach, palm beach county, you see him out and about. he's still wining and dining, living large.

i don't believe a word he says. >> maybe he's not picking up the check. >> that could be true too. >> thank you very much. let's look at the white house, any moment now president biden is set to speak at the rose garden to address we believe the potential cease-fire deal between israel and lebanon's hezbollah. we're there live next. and lebanon's hezbollah. we're there live next. feel eff. and its customizable scans with social sentiment help you find and unlock opportunities in the market. e*trade from morgan stanley as americans, there's one thing we can all agree on. the promise of our constitution and the hope that liberty and justice is for all people. but here's the truth. attacks on our constitutional rights, yours and mine are greater than they've ever been. the right for all to vote. reproductive rights. the rights of immigrant families. the right to equal justice for black, brown and lgbtq+ folks. the time to act to protect our rights is now. that's why

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we have got break news, standing by for remarks from president biden in the rose

garden, related to the potential israel-hezbollah cease-fire deal. we heard from israeli prime minister benjamin netanyahu who said he would submit a plan for the cease-fire in lebanon to the israeli cabinet tonight. nbc's mike memoli is reporting from the white house. so what do we know about the role the u.s. played in negotiating the deal and what we might hear from president biden? >> reporter: well, chris, the president has been closely monitoring these talks that have been taking place over a period of weeks and just in the last week one of his top national security officials was in the region as part of those conversations. and so now that the prime minister of israel has announced we're taking steps towards this agreement, you understand that the president is looking to mark this moment. we think about the political toll that the broader unrest in the region has had on the administration, the fallout from october 6th, the situation in gaza, which threatened to escalate into a much wider war. i think a preview of what we might hear from president biden when he speaks from the rose garden here in the next few

moments was -- came from what we heard already just in the last few hours from his secretary of state tony blinken who is attending a summit of foreign minister leaders at the g-7 in italy at the moment. he talked about the fact that the u.s. has been working so hard to make this moment possible, that at that point there was not a deal just yet, but he said we were close to the finish line and talked about that the hard work, the painstaking work of diplomacy that the administration has undertaken, working directly with the israelis, but also with our regional partners, has prevented this from escalating into an even wider war. we know that there has been moments when there was concern about iran targeting israel, israel retaliating, the administration closely monitoring all the situations, but this is a real breakthrough that the president on the eve of the thanksgiving holiday, he's due to travel to nantucket where he has marked that thanksgiving holiday with his familyfor decades, he wants to make sure he's on record in welcoming this development, chris. >> mike memoli, thank you. we're also following a scary

moment in new york yesterday, an on osprey military aircraft was grounded after seeing flames under one of the engines. they had to evacuate the aircraft and transfer to a second osprey, but this isn't the first incident involving them. they fly both like a helicopter and a plane and ap investigation found the aircraft has been involved in 21 major incidents, many of which due to its design. by chance, this new incident happened the same day that a group of lawmakers sent a letter to defense secretary lloyd austin him to ground the military's entire fleet of ospreys until they can address safety concerns. next on "chris jansing reports," the mad dash for two open congressional seats in florida. donald trump already picked his favorites, but could more candidates test the power of his endorsement? plus, opaque fund-raising is raising alarms for what should be a transparent trump transition.

the pulitzer prize winning "new york times" reporter on that story next, only on msnbc. rter t story next, only on msnbc.

a stampede is on to fill two house seats in florida that opened up when matt gaetz resigned for his bid to become attorney general and mike waltz was named trump's choice for national security adviser. trump moved quickly, making endorsements for both seats, though that has not deterred all the would be contenders, a dozen

candidates had expressed interest in gaetz's seat alone. garrett haake is reporting from washington, d.c. also joining us, former republican congressman from florida carlos curbelo and msnbc political analyst. so, garrett, how are trump's endorsements shaping these races? >> well, chris, part of the reason you see such interest is they're safe republican districts. you win one republican primary and you're in the cat bird seat to hold on to a position in the house for years or decades if you want it. here we seeing some unusual, not just the power of trump's endorsement to elevate a candidate, but to lure candidates into the field and neither of these districts were candidates who trump chose to back even announced before his truth special post backing them. jimmy patronis saying he was in this race and randy fine who ran for the mike waltz seat responded to the endorsement by trump on fox news.

>> when president trump was saved in butler, he was saved so he could save the world. when he said i thought i could help him, i knew i didn't have a choice. i'm proud to announce i'll be running for the 6th congressional district for the state of florida. when the tip of the sphere needed a warrior, that's what i did. i'll bring that same fight to washington to make sure president trump's agenda gets done. >> as you point out, these candidates have not cleared the field yet in either case. but the trump endorsement may help a great deal in these very republican districts. one other tell here about both the power of this endorsement and perhaps the risk that comes with it, neither of the two men actually live in the districts they'll be running in. that's not a requirement, you have to live in the state you want to represent, not the actual district. but could they be treated as something of carpetbaggers backed by the president-elect rather than hometown candidates? that would be one weakness that may be exploited if other republicans decide to make a

good solid run in this primary. >> garrett, thank you for that. congressman, you ran for office in florida, so i want the lay of the land. could these primaries get contentious? >> well, look, i think what garrett highlighted there is the most important asset in a republican primary, particularly in safe districts right now is a donald trump endorsement. so without question these two candidates are out of the gate with a major advantage. however, these primaries can get messy and if you get enough candidates in there, they could really become unpredictable. i think in the case of jimmy patronis up in the first district, he's probably in the strongest position, he has support not just from trump, but from other more traditional republicans as well, many relationships in the state. and in terms of randy fine, i think that race could get a little more interesting because, remember, randy fine was a supporter of governor ron desantis, withdrew his endorsement and then supported

donald trump for president. it was a very uncomfortable situation to say the least between fine and desantis, so you could see ron desantis either publicly or quietly supporting a different candidate in that primary, raising funds to perhaps make another candidate viable there. >> well, that would be interesting. what do you think the chances of that are? >> well, it is hard to tell at this point, chris, because we know desantis has been trying to make peace with trump world. of course, he spoke at the convention, but if there is peace between donald trump and ron desantis, it is definitely not a comfortable peace. so we'll see how aggressive desantis wants to get in terms of does he come out and actually support someone else, or does he quietly back someone and hope that they can breakthrough and defeat randy fine in a primary. >> given the fact that we know how close the house and there is still a few seats that need to be decided, why wait until april

1st to hold the final election? i mean, is there something in florida law that it couldn't be done any sooner? >> yeah, the secretary of state by statute has certain requirements, obviously elections have to be noticed, candidates have to be given time to campaign. that's why speaker mike johnson, chris, and others in house republican leadership have been so nervous about donald trump recruiting people from the house, because it does take some time to fill these vacancies. it is not like the senate, the house does not accept any appointed temporary members. everyone who sits in the house has to be elected. so, these are rules that really cannot be modified, even in a situation like this where republicans have such a small majority that every day literally it might be in jeopardy. >> in our final minute, we got two seat majority for republicans in the next house.

three races left uncalled with the florida seats unfilled until after april 1st and another special election in new york. what impact could that have on trump's first 100 days in office? >> listen, the first quarter of next year is going to be nightmarish for house republicans. every day is going to be an adventure because if someone gets sick, if someone gets delayed, if someone is on a trip and can't get back to the united states or can't get back to washington you cannot move legislation. and we know, chris, that donald trump has a very ambitious agenda pulling into next year. so, i think you really might see a situation where some of these more high stake votes like reconciliation bill might be pushed into the spring or the summer of next year, just because the margins are going to be so tight early in the next congress. and by the way, we're talking about delays and things like this. this also means that any two or three members can band together

and sink legislation. you might see republicans look for a little breathing room and postpone some of the more controversial votes on legislation until later in the year. >> congress postpone, put off, say it isn't so. congressman carlos curbelo, happy thanksgiving. >> thank you. >> the trump transition team is keeping secrets, escalating concerns among ethics experts. the president-elect's team has still not signed a legally required ethics pledge promising to avoid conflicts of interest and impose limits on fund-raising. as "the new york times" reports, by keeping secret the names of donors who are funding his transition effort, revealing nothing about how much money it hopes to raise, who has contributed to the fund or how it is spending its money. the times also notes this is the first time president-elect has ignored these restrictions. joining me now, david farronhold, he's been digging into this issue. why among the people who you're

talking to is this delay or maybe refusal provoking so much alarm? >> well, this is a break from tradition as you said. and it means that the people who are funding trump's transition, people who are helping him find staff, find -- write policies get ready for this to take over, those people's names are going to be secret. we won't learn who they were, what amounts they gave or so that means we n't be able to figure out what they might want in return from the trump administration, if they want favors, exemptions from tariffs, things like that, we won't know they had an in with trump that started before he took office. >> no way to figure that out. is there any indication that progress is being made toward getting this agreement signed? >> no. what the trump administration or the trump transition told us is they were trying to -- they were considering signing these things. a whole suite of agreements that incoming presidents are supposed to sign with the outgoing president. other ones cover security clearances, access to

intelligence information and there is one that covers the funding for the transition. i think -- we think it is more likely they will sign the other agreements, the ones that deal with intelligence sharing and that -- it is unlikely they will share this one. they will sign this one. but they could change their mind. >> let me ask you about that. you do report the trump transition team hasn't signed that memorandum yet that outlines how appointees and other staff members gain physical access to federal agencies, to classified information, before inauguration day. what challenges does that pose? >> it means that you're not only not going to know the buildings or the people, but you're -- the people who are coming into lead these agencies aren't going to understand anything about them, and that's especially important when talking about intelligence briefings. remember way back in the 9/11 commission report, they said one factor the bush administration not being ready for the threat of terrorism, they weren't able to start the transition period

until later. now we have a voluntary choice. >> david, always great to read your reporting and have you on the program. thank you. and coming up, it is 4.5 billion years old, 2.7 billion miles a way and if a new study is correct, maybe one day humans could go there and get a very, very cold glass of water. you're watching "chris jansing reports" only on msnbc. u'yore wg reports" only on msnbc (man) mm, hey, honey. looks like my to-do list grew. "paint the bathroom, give baxter a bath, get life insurance," hm. i have a few minutes. i can do that now. oh, that fast?

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as if the solar system couldn't get any more fascinating, a brand-new study suggests that oceans of water may be hiding within planets uranus and neptune. i want to bring in adam frank, professor of astrophysics at the university of rochester and author of "the little book of aliens." great to see you, adam. i'm dying to know what you think of this study. >> this is really interesting because, you know, uranus and neptune, we only visited them once. when we did go by, we found they behaved, their magnetic fields were really odd. we didn't understand what was going on inside, and these new results show us that everything we thought about the interior

was probably wrong. rather than like a big ball of slush, there is probably a liquid ocean down there, quite deep, 3,000 miles deep, and then below that, another thick layer of kind of -- it is carbon and nitrogen and hydrogen, kind of like plastic. like a polymer. so, completely different kind of planet that we thought it might have been, and this is really important for all the other planets that we found in the universe, all these new exoplanets because many of those are going to be what we call subneptunes, slightly smaller than neptune and uranus and may have light. >> no spacecraft as you said has conducted a fly by for, what, about 40 years. so, do you think that this new information could make further exploration of those planets more compelling and therefore more likely? >> yeah. i think already there is plans on the board to do visits again to these planets, because what

is amazing about our solar system is that we have got earth, which has one earth mass, and then we got uranus and neptune, like 13 or 14 earth masses and there is nothing in between. we have no planets in between. the most common kind of planet in the universe, the ones that we're finding around orbiting lots of stores is exactly in that in between. we call them super earths and subneptunes and these are the planets, so common, that might have life and so what we need to do is we need to understand uranus and neptune as a way of understanding the possibilities for all these subneptunes that are as ap as dirt in the rest of the galaxy. >> you brought me to my next question, we all know, even those us who are not scientists that water is crucial for any form of life. so, does it exponentially or just a little bit raise the possibility of extraterrestrial

life on these planets? >> well, that's a good question. important thing about this is what it is showing is it is all about pressure. when you dive down deep into these planets, these larger plan planets than the earth, the pressure goes up to crazy levels, millions of times more than the pressures that you find deep in the earth. and things get weird there. the behavior of compounds, the behavior of chemicals changes and so actually this result is part of a -- i'm part of the larger program, something called the center for matter and atomic pressures where we're using giant lasers to squeeze stuff down to these super high pressures and then you find that you can get liquid water under conditions that normally you would be, like, no way, that's not possible. so what we're seeing with these results is that even in our solar system, we may have an example of a way of separating out water, of allowing water to exist in conditions we wouldn't have thought were possible, and

that may have huge consequences for these other smaller worlds. we don't expect the possibility for life on uranus or neptune, but the smaller neptunes we're finding everywhere, some of those could be at the right temperatures to have, you know, microbes existing and who knows if more -- might be able to get more than microbes. >> we have 30 seconds left. what are the chances if you're a betting man that in the next ten years we find the answer to that, if they do or not? >> well, this is -- i would put money down that in the next 10 to to 30 years we will have dat relevant to that question. i can't tell you what the data is going to say, but we have been asking this question for 2,500 years about life in the universe, and we're finally now on the cusp of actually getting data to tell us one way or the other. >> this is very exciting. you make it exciting. adam frank, thank you. come back soon. appreciate it. it is the center for matter of

atomic pressures. i think that's what he said. that does it for us this hour. as long as it doesn't involve math, i'm all in. make sure to join us for "chris jansing reports" every week day 1:00 to 3:00 on msnbc. our coverage continues with "katy reports" next. reports" t as the makers of tremfya®, we understand that everybody's moderate to severe plaque psoriasis doesn't look the same. so, we undertook a first-of-its-kind study of plaque psoriasis in every skin tone. like hers and his and yours. serious allergic reactions and increased risk of infections may occur. before treatment, your doctor should check you for infections and tb. tell your doctor if you have an infection, flu-like symptoms or if you need a vaccine. ask your dermatologist about tremfya®. ♪

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