with rosatom corporation we are presenting the science program and we are a program about how science will change our lives in the next 10 years. i am vladimir antokhin. i am ekaterina shugaeva. in 10 years , there will be no vision problems. but i would really like this, so i invited optimists who believe that in 10 years there will really be no problems with vision. these are emil and qigong neurosurgeon algologist, good evening and alexander karasev, doctor of clinical laboratory diagnostics. hello hello me just by tradition at a party skeptics olga tarasenko an expert in laboratory medicine. good evening tatyana shilova , ophthalmologist, surgeon. good evening. just a beauty. not just skeptics, just a beauty, but i have optimists, too, nothing. in general, at the end of the program, our guests and optimists make a prediction. what is the probability that in 10 years there will really be no problems with vision, and our expert professor kapustin will tell about the history of the treatment of eye diseases. the first mention of the treatment of eye

diseases can be found in ancient egyptian records, by the way, in the same place the name of the first eye doctor is also mentioned , his name was pepe-ank. iri in the code of hammurabi describes not only the treatment of eye diseases, but also the punishment for ineffective help to a bad doctor, they simply cut off their fingers in greece , the profession of an eye doctor was respected, did not suppress this profession, and hippocrates himself , the roman cornelius celsus, wrote a great work in which there was a description of the operation on cataract removal. the first description of the glasses can be found in the captivity, he wrote that the emperor nero looked at the gladiator fights through a large emerald. in the 14th century, a monk without a back became make glasses and teach this art to other doctors. immediately among the nobility, it became fashionable to pose

with a book in his hand and with glasses on his nose, andrea made a revolution in ophthalmology . fedorov developed a surgical correction of myopia, but today there are dozens of methods and methods for treating various diseases. well, about the methods of the method. we 'll talk today, but i still have to see you personal question. you have 100% vision. i understand. okay, now let's go check it out, let's be honest, it has always been, well, now the word was in the evening, when i sit down with a book, if i was sitting on the phone for a long time somehow by the evening already. it seems to me that in one eye the eye becomes worse, let's start with a simple hmm okay.

no, it's m. well, in general, well, somewhere like 7-8 okay, you know what that means? these are russian letters alexander vladimirovich well, khoma habilis is a man, our skilled ancestor, he appeared about 3 million years ago. and here vision in people since that time, as it has improved, it has worsened, it has changed, if it has not. and if you look at a person who has a diagnosis of myopia, that is, who sees well up close. here , in the distance, it is very, very difficult to clearly see the objects that you have just demonstrated. ah, then this is including the geometry of the eyes of the eyes

to revive us. eh, just a complex system, like a camera. yes, and now it focuses to a certain distance. er, if we look at the shape of the skull, here are the people of the ancients. yes she was a little different, if we look at the eyes of the people who were hand in hand. they are planted a little further. e before man by his natural necessity. it was necessary to look wide and far as a natural continuation, and there was no need to read books, labor appeared, a reasonable approach to tools appeared and the accuracy of these tools gradually increased and work, accordingly , a person had a natural need to see closer, more accurately, and far, as always, our function has already weakened a little, therefore historically in context. we acquired the ability to see more clearly up close, on the other hand, what i now see worse in the distance. i just evolved in a way. yes, the journey of that thought. yes, on the other

hand, e is not always a person with us. eh, the intelligent first one, who was still picking vegetables and fruits for himself, did not have an abundance of various nutrients. and the evil eye is a very, very important element. this is the transformation of the vitamin. and in order to capture a quantum of light and transfer it to the peace impulse, if a person has a vitamin deficiency, a earlier more often met there are even regions that are still distinguished by such a deficit, then, as we know, twilight vision was disturbed. so that's the problem with the vitamin. and almost everywhere solved, beta-carotene, carrots and orange fruits and vegetables grow everywhere so that this is also in a sense evolution. but over the past 10,000 years of civilization, nothing has changed, the last 10,000 years of civilization. we realized that there are specific vitamin deficiency solved this problem. and now how a class of such diseases occurs exceptionally rare good tatyana yuryevna and, as people used to explain, yes, visual impairment and how they tried to deal with it.

even goose did not know about the vitamin. yes, you will not believe it, but i must say that the eye has not changed over time, the appearance of a person, but our attitude towards the disease has changed. and firstly, i will change my life, the form has changed, and the form is a separate issue, really the proximity of the eyes is drawn out. but, if we are talking in general, how the eye is arranged, what happened during the evolution, then we are talking about that a person began to live longer after 40 years. e appears such a condition as age-related farsightedness a person who is approaching this age. he begins to experience vision problems. the farther one also begins to suffer, because all hidden problems turn into obvious ones, and now, when a person began to live longer, much more diseases and retina-related diseases began to appear. hmm intraocular pressure the appearance of cataracts and so on. that is, in general, it

must be said anatomically that myopia is a certain anatomy of the eye is genetically determined. and if we are talking about the fact that we began to work. if it’s more close, then indeed evolution creates a person already predisposed to a near focus, because we don’t hunt. we are not vegans, there are mammoths. we work close. but this is a shoe. it is not the length of the eye, but the refractive power of the cornea. you have very beautiful eyes on both sides. and in each of them there is a transparent shell. here is the cornea - it's like a window up here. if you look at the eye through it we see the inside, this is the transparent one that you can get. it's just empty. and now it becomes stronger, the refractive power of the eye strengthens and the person becomes short-sighted, and already the growth of the eyeball. this is a separate issue. this is a disease. and how they fought without rukostvo, well, in general , a person, in some way, did not live up to the hmm

age when he had to fight, because they simply died, they lived a little. but, uh, hmm those who saw? poor they tended to work near they wrote, uh, copied the bibles there and so forth. i mean, they were people. uh, there the monks, who here they obviously prepared them for work at close range, appeared. the said glasses through which a person could look into the distance glasses, by the way, glasses for near appeared much earlier than glasses for distant ones, because it was necessary to work, because the glasses that help us to see near they are positive, this is a convex lens, but people, which look far , their lenses are concave, they have a different anatomy and so far our science. eh, it's arrived. before realizing the fact that light passes in this way, refraction occurs in a green way, therefore, at the beginning, lenses appeared

through which they looked close, and only then for a distance, but the most interesting thing is that i have to say that and when a person wears glasses for others on at the household level, it seems that this is a sick person. actually my doctors. ophthalmologists do not consider such a person to be sick. this is a healthy person, just with a certain anomaly. it's healthy. the first category of patients is those who come to us for vision correction, and we consider healthy people. they just need to tweak the optics a little. and the disease is a separate topic about this. we will talk later, but after the ntv advertisement, probably from the alexander column to the lakhta center, when creating the lakhta center, i was inspired by the fact that this is a city on the water of a kind, northern venice, the history of st. petersburg through the development of architectural technologies. nitsy in

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our phoenix the great chairman. eat monsters, he is alexei vorobyov in general, who invited this man to the mask, the new season. now the composition of the jury members looks simple ideally dreamed on sunday at 20:20 on ntv on the air program science a program about how science will change our lives for the next 10 years in 10 years there will be no vision problems.

well, our expert professor kapustin does not believe in this. today in the world more than two billion people suffer from visual impairment or blindness in the countries of south asia and tropical africa, blindness occurs eight times more often than in europe, more than 50 million. people could be cured of the disease, having carried out, well, the simplest cataract surgery almost a billion the person has everyday problems. just because of the lack of glasses. which today is poorly treatable or even incurable. first of all, it is glaucoma in our country and more than a million people suffer from optic nerve atrophy. age-related farsightedness can lead to blindness, it is impossible to read small print to see at close range. so, age-related farsightedness will inevitably affect everyone, color blindness or color disease. it is most often

inherited attraction. you don't exist retinitis pigmentosa. this deterioration of vision leads to blindness, in a word, to victory over eye diseases. we are still far away. in general , so-so forecast. yes, you have optimists. well, that's just a question for him, yes emil davidovich and what do we know about vision today? and how does it work? well, we all probably know that the eye is generally, uh, the second most complex organ of ours. well, after the brain. yes, and its complexity lies in the fact that it is not a fairly complex body. he. well, you can conditionally divide it. yes to such an optical the part with which we perceive light, and photons of light, and even more important. in my opinion. and the part that converts these light waves, these photons, is already into electrical impulses. we no longer have. here somewhere. let me show you in more detail. let's

conditionally draw an eye like this. i'm already drawing . unfortunately, i'm not very good. like this . approximately this is the lens that we already said the pupil. this is all the optical part, everything is here the lens, i don’t draw everything in detail, because, well, the format. unfortunately, the transfer does not allow. here e, further on, the viewers coat of arms and also do not draw the optic chiasm here, because everything is much more complicated, but in the end, visual pathways through visual waste. we are coming. a-a occipital lobe of the second brain, where in the disputed furrow is located. in general, our visual cortex, thanks to which we actually see the part, uh, that begins with our retina. yes. eh, that means, and it is here that it transforms,

and the optical one begins these waves. here e, is converted into electrical impulses. and these electrical signals.

it's just that you, by the way, probably don't know, maybe they hear it or not. our brain not only perceives visual information, but sometimes it even completes it in those cases when we may not see something or vice versa gives us some kind of false visual illusions, for example, well, something else we know not from school times. hey, i'm sure you know each other? well , i didn’t dwell on them with some audience illusions either, but i would like to say, if we talk about the structure of the eye, yes, here our eye receptors are located in the chachatka these are cones and rods cones, mainly responsible for peripheral vision. and that is , rods, and cones, and there are three types of them that react to red, blue and green. they react. actually , they form the basis of our vision, and as a result, all this is a palette of colors and shades. we see thanks to these complex

processes, which are still. well, to the end, of course, we are not dreams, and the most important thing i would like to say today is everything, but uh, everything we know about vision correction, yes, starting from glasses and lenses, ending with surgery. they are primarily directed, mainly to this optical part, because it is not a disease. we just slightly correct the optical part. but as for the retina. yes, this is the most difficult thing today, there are all the difficulties. we will get to this, we will definitely get there. wait, yes , yes, and now there is a change in the retina today. there are, of course, ways, well, with the help of laser beams and so on. well, there are ways to treat some diseases. well, basically, if it's gross violations. if it's rude to put it, until then , this is where neurobionics begins. this is where the most interesting future begins. we'll talk more. yes thank you. olga

natalyevna, as a child, volodya was frightened that he couldn’t read at night with a flashlight under the covers , his eyesight deteriorated for a long time, you couldn’t read a book. yes, i was so scared that if you don’t sit in the computer, you will spoil your eyesight, but in fact, where are the problems with vision? how they arise and maybe it's genetics. well, as you see, i just the same person who is not a sick patient and yes, we just encrypt everywhere. i’m also afraid that we obviously mixed up something, because here i want to say that this is my choice of glasses, because in addition to the fact that vision is corrected, there is also i can’t stand dust, so glasses protect me from many beautifully and beautifully . yes, you can make absolutely any image using a frame, and i say that this protection is so certain, so this is

about the choice and about the fact that the ip is in general, if you take the problem that the first exists for me, and for me the most important thing was that gradually, when the expansion of cities takes place. we do not have the prospect of seeing into the distance, then that's what we lose by seeing the distance, then even in the presence of professional factors, when small parts are needed, if people had the opportunity, as before it was released the horizon of course, low buildings, when you can it was the horizon to consider and so on, then all these things were more corrected than in the situation in which we live at a close distance. we we really work hard, we constantly read and, accordingly, the lighting. it's worse and so on. these are all factors that work together. and we do not have the opportunity for

natural rehabilitation. sally in the light now they are calm, the light can be adjusted there, but your eyesight still deteriorates, as for you know here by all factors, you went out again and again you went out and you had a perspective. that is, there are many factors, but in addition to this, we talked about heredity , no doubt it has already been said about a large number of genetic diseases. and these are not only those diseases that cause, but affect the eye itself. there are a lot of them too. i don’t even want to say terrible words, because there are really many such diseases, but there are others, when genetics is also such that it causes other diseases. well, let's say we call down yes, and of course, we understand that this is a different disease, but there will definitely be an eye disease associated with other genetic ones. a. if anything, what should i, for example, tell children to read, do not read,

look at the phone, do not look, or they are now such fashionable read. they tell me it's all nonsense. all genetics is vision. it won’t just go bad, of course not, but we also have other factors that influence and we constantly talk about illumination, but we must also say about hostility , innate factors that when a pregnant woman walks, that is , certain hmm terms. this is in the early stages, when the eye is being laid, then factors must also be excluded here, including an infectious disease and toxic products. we must not forget that the eye is affected ultraviolet radiation, many other factors, a lot of things about it, so we have a surgeon behind you. here, who will not agree that you know this, there are small reviews that now combine genetically and genetic factors, if we are talking about myopia, myopia, then only 10-15% is assigned to genetics, and among

other factors, very interesting. this means that if a person reads under the pillow by the light of a flashlight, now it is a cell phone, but at the same time goes for a walk for several hours on the same day, then myopia does not develop, if a person reads on the phone, but at the same time in motion, for example, in the subway or in a car, then this car cannot be read. come on, tell me the biggest contribution to uh, myopia, because the visual uh, the analyzer is so strained to focus it causes an overload and the muscles go along the way. this is how they look. this is bad. but it's good that it works only until about 20-30 years of age, then the geometry of the eye is fixed and that's it, that is it is important for children to explain visual hygiene, what to read when moving. this is the most unfavorable factor. well , alexander vladimirovich well, we already used this table to check our eyesight today. but since its development , have any new methods appeared at all, are they

needed or directly? well, everything is clear, it works clearly. it is also interesting for me to look at it is written that the sivtsev table. it is used all over the world in the same or non- latin script. e, the first discoverer of this table. this is smolen, uh, a dutchman in 1862 suggested here is a similar method of objective assessment of vision, because before that you can see not very well. that is, it was not objective. and now next to these letters. there is certainty, visual acuity. it is indicated in numbers, as it were written here, yes, that's just the analogues of these tables are distributed throughout the world. they may be for children, they are symbols for e. there are more variations, these are rings with a slot. it's all right. yes, yes, when you, uh, did this test, it wasn't done under standard conditions. the point is that there is clearly measured should be the distance from the eye to the table and an absolutely certain level of illumination of this table in order to be objectively believed. so it doesn't count.

ah. it was a scientific experiment , and now there are methods when we can, uh, directly, the so-called autorefractometer, look into the optical system of the eye and automatically make this measurement to give a picture with varying degrees of focus and try to ask the eye. so neatly speaking, to focus. you are looking at the house. you look at horizon a at this time, the optical system quickly scan. how much your eye's focusing system deviates. e to the maximum minimum distance. we can thanks to ophthalmoscopes. this is already the beginning of the 900s to look into the eye with illumination and see how the fundus of the eye looks like. to do this, drugs are sometimes used to expand the pupil so that the view is maximized. this is a good optical part is true. and then we need to check the nerf, we need to check the visual analyzer, which is located in the occipital region. and these are methods of combining electroencephalography, that is, we will eat the potential of the brain, yes, and the impact.

characters, when an outbreak occurs, can we continue using electroencephalography or not irritated? yes, the so-called evoked potentials. and, of course, visualization. we can do an mri and ct scan and trace the path of the optic nerve, trace the conduction system that goes in the brain, because we had a price-saving program and sclerosis is one of the leading manifestations multiple sclerosis. the first is a visual impairment, but not the eyes, but already conducting paths. may i add that the eye test is a subjective method. or, indeed, we can use an objective method of checking vision and it is based, for example , on the flickering of stripes, when a person looks and his eyeball moves, yes, independent micromotion has never been tested for us, right because people who are able to answer . well, you don't need vision, you need it as a simulator. it is necessary people who do not contact to

objectively evaluate. whether a person sees or does not see, if he does not see, he will not have this flickering. and this is visual acuity. and what we are talking about is an autorefractometer or a test - this is an objective pharmacy. it's a completely different story. this is not visual acuity, one cannot say that a person has visual acuity, minus three is incorrect, visual acuity is the number of lines that he can see, that is. and how is vision treated now, how is it treated, yes , depending on the problems, when we talk about problems with vision should always be divided conditionally, and age groups up to 40 years. we often talk about problems with optics. these are healthy people who wear glasses and want to have their vision corrected. eh, i take the opportunity. well, just taking the opportunity. i understand that we did not prepare for this question, but i will ask it, because it is very important to me. so improvisation no truth. but i sometimes hear that hmm, for example, a person began to see worse, it became more difficult to read, but they say

no, no, no. doesn't wear glasses. train vision. and so it is necessary to put on points or it is necessary while to strain, while there are forces. this is the best question and the most frequently asked. actually. we believe that there is no need to strain if these glasses help you see well, far or near, and now they are generally talking about the maximum correction that a person should use glasses to see the whole world of a person to train to strain. by training, you give the opportunity to develop e, well, this muscle that we have inside the eye is at a certain focus e, the functional possibilities of effort are such, but if there is a problem with tommy's optics , then, there the corneas of the eye are longer than the eye. yes, in anything a person sees badly, then this is eye strain. it calls. uh, the so-called stop visual fatigue appears pain in endured. you don't see, and in the end it affects security, that is, the person says, i'm

fine. i see, but when checking. we understand that he sees half the table. well, for this person, for example, this vision is enough. then , perhaps, you can leave the situation without control, but if in your case, when straining, highlighting and tormenting a stubborn person does not want to put on glasses. this is the wrong decision. points are not a disease. and in general, how else can vision problems be corrected? well, of course, automatic ones never appeared for you unconditionally. no, i'm in terminology, it's beautiful and well, it's the universe to tell about it in a nutshell is impossible, but this is a surgical specialty. it is a surgical specialty in childhood. we perform operations only according to indications, if there is a specific disease, but in children it can also be, one must remember and deaf and cataracts from his retina. anything that happens in age might happen to children, but uh, we don't operate. here is a corrective surgery to correct myopia in childhood

is not recommended. because the eye grows, of course, it is formed , when we talk about ophthalmology, it's still a surgical specialty, and uh, doctors, when they train, uh, become an ophthalmologist, they are trained as a surgeon, because we are the most part. uh, we operate on diseases today. we operate. we are certainly wonderful under microscopes. now we are actually working. uh, a doctor who operates with both arms and two legs, looking through a microscope with high magnification, in fact, since emil davidovich and in general, i must say that we are, hmm , our specialties are so close, because the eye is a part of the brain that is actually placed on the periphery. we say that the eye. this is the same bridge. it's just a peripheral part. and honey has an intracranial part, and therefore, of course, how difficult it is to treat the brain is also difficult to treat the eye. thanks a lot. let's take a moment. let's break, rest your eyes

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up to 70% discount on the yandex market 15% citizen of ozersk evgeny sidikhin what kind of cop wars? are you here arranged, and sergey zharkov let him think that he is on the hook with us and is afraid. drove the outsider police premiere soon on ntv on the air program about how science will change our lives in the next 10 years , there will be no vision problems. just believes in this our expert

professor kapustin today there are many approaches to the treatment of vision. some that seem very promising to me are bionic prostheses with implants placed behind the retina and a tiny video camera on glasses. animal testing has been very successful. it's official approved drops for farsightedness based on the field picture, and regular graphs. it turned out to be a good way to treat lazy eye disease, and it is highly recommended for children, but the most promising method for treating myopia may be the identification of the gene responsible for this disease, and today test drugs have already appeared that block response genes. eyes, it's just some kind of whole universe. to be honest, i did not expect, and there are two of them. yes, emil davidovich well, when did

katya and i prepare for the program? uh, how much are they from kali information about donor eye transplant? and they didn't find anything like that. so maybe, if there is such a problem with donor eyes, an artificial eye may appear in the next 10 years. well, look at what professor kapotnin was talking about about the pianist's eye. yes, uh, there are two main directions. e. the first direction. so, it is based on the creation of an artificial retina, so to speak, yes, but for now it is not. no, it is. it exists, it’s true that it’s not yet commercially available, but it already exists in principle and really isn’t. only on animals, but even on volunteers , experiments are already being done, and this means a microcircuit, and it is being implanted in the area now and , uh, it perceives due to photocells. eh yes, that's the light will transform. it costs it in electrical impulses and sends further along the visual path to the visual cortex for analysis , it is transformed in the brain incomprehensibly. see

the point is that all these dentures. eh, from the first e quite, well, as if they were quite clumsy to the most modern, they are e, nevertheless. uh, they create only a contour, that is, an objective vision. yes, firstly, in black white black and white. secondly, only uh, contour, only movement. you can watch yes, and then such prostheses. well, at least the first yes, they assumed an external device that converts precisely light pulses into electrical ones, that is , it first goes from this microcircuit to this external device and only through external devices does the visual box go. now. true , much has changed and appeared, and mesh prostheses that allow you to directly transmit visual box, but nevertheless, nevertheless, it all looks somehow. well, enough. it's a pity, i would say, compared to cortical prostheses, because because cortical prostheses are for the visual analyzer. that is, here bypassing, in general, the eyes bypassing

the visual path directly with the video camera. eh, vision can flow directly into the visual box. imagine that you can see at all 360°. imagine that you can magnify your vision. uh, when you need it just zoom to do it. yes, just like that, between by the way, today there are lenses. i don't know if they are commercially available or not, but there are lenses that you can put on and control your smartphone from your smartphone they allow you to do. they are a zoom, which means they allow you to see some necessary information constantly before your eyes. you know how there are projectors on the windshield. yes, the car has such a small projection that you can see before your eyes, but we are not talking about that now, it’s all like such devices that, well, just make our life easier. but really yes, sight to the blind. yes this is this here. the future is still with cortical implants everywhere, because in 10 years we will meet again to discuss all this. yes? no , it seems to me any option. let's take a short

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a learned program on how science will change our lives, in the next 10 years in 10 years there will be no vision problems olga anatolyevna you said today that genetics is partly to blame, but you said right there during pregnancy. yes, something else is being laid , maybe it is hostile. yes? there are still hostile attention immediately with the genome to cut something there to twist. well, this is also a path , this is also a path, and today we see how quickly a geneticist develops, as such, if we take not an eye disease, but we know everything they already know for sure spinal muscular atrophy and there are already gene therapy drugs, respectively, this path is already going the second time for me to say that in ophthalmology there is a drug manufacturer yes, and he already teaches this in russia. uh, luxturno, it's

injected with pigment on biofics. right there they give sticks and, well, i'm a certificate, yes, this is gene therapy, genetic engineering, that is, we go with doubts. it is precisely the delivery of a specific product of the virus to a specific place, thanks to the virus, millions will remain, in which the dna of the correct structure is saturated when determining when it was already born in a rectangular or not on this therapy. yes, this is when it was born, this method can be used at any stage, it can be done both for adults and children, if a certain type of pigment biography is diagnosed. and by the way, viewers should also know about this, because this disease is common. uh, one in 3,000 people. that is, quite often, and here is this pigment biography. she leads, of course, loss of vision. anyway. here without introducing this the drug is now being administered only once, but

one infection costs about a million dollars, therefore. unfortunately people, uh, in no state pay these funds on their own. this is the state. this is the manufacturer itself. there is a moment. yes , with editing. he is in the zone of ethics, he is in- well, because it is an embryo to date, the effectiveness of such editing depends on the disease. she is different. well, around 20%, maybe more is promising, but for now there are such, uh, various restrictions. they are essential. yes, because, well, you agree that an unfavorable outcome can occur, so this is also not certain, but, but today we just talked about a huge number of diseases that surgeons can help us with. and today this is also

a promising area, about which i spoke, in general, what technologies should appear so that there are no problems at all. and you know, i sat down on this side, because i understand that there are two problems with vision, first, and two groups of people. the first group is people from birth, blind-blind. and even those bionic eye chipping technologies. they will not help, that is, today all these electronic systems. whether it is cortical or implants inside the eye, this system is for people who have visual memory, who have anamnestic visual memory. and if you've never seen it, it's impossible, of course, it's a function of the brain, so this part, even if we can genetically all uh, fix, we can surgically there to robotize that part of uh surgery that we are doing now, because, of course, this is all virtuoso surgery and is acceptable.

only the retinas, which were once treated, were not treated at all, they simply covered the person who she even had several images for a week in the hope that something would fit, of course, now we are representing this delicate tissue here, the hands of a surgeon. here i remove the membrane, which is 15 microns - this is the sixtieth part of the thickness of a human hair, which the surgeon removes manually so that the person can see. well it's at you have the same fine structures, that is , six completely unique problems in this, just happened when creating these microchips. yes, the main problem is that today's electrodes are quite rough for the visual cortex, but with the use of nanotechnology. yes, now it’s just possible to get such villous micron electrodes that, when entering the brain , are reunited with almost one, well , several neurons, you know, the visual cortex, and precisely. eh, if we are talking about this particular technology here, just now me then a question to our guests an optimist

from a skeptic. and he said, i'm on a regular program, but today we have such, uh, a very rare rubric of a question from a blonde. i just need to get ready. well, i was getting ready, what kind of handsome falcon vision have you prepared? this, by the way, is in the falcon. he is not afraid, he sees. oh, what an eye, dear guests, optimists and skeptics again. today i trust to ask you a general question. so i have this. i have reduced vision. i understand that i can come to me to correct it before up to those 100% that i always had, yes all my life, but why is it so, but i can’t correct it like a piece up to 500%, and it’s even better that i see in the dark or i don’t know infrared, i have some it was possible to improve it for you hat. it won't work for me

to do more, but in fact , one hundred percent vision. these are not the limits if people who see up to 20. that's why vision, and they are not better, no more, no more , and no more up to 100. this is at the household level, most people can see no more than the tenth line, but it all depends from resolution now it is precisely the density of those numbers. about that emil davidovich talked about. that is, if they are located, genetically determined more densely, then a person sees more than 100%, maybe, after all, 200%, and well, 500 is much less often, but uh, but, if genetically i have was the tenth line, but i can come and ask. no , you can't ask me. so believe. i when it's tatyana yuryevna i want you to do it, there my friend is 120% or 200, do it for me, i'll pay you extra. i say sorry, can't we fix we only change the optical power. but this is the density

of cones - this is what is given to nature. well, a person, of course, i allow. now the ability of the eye is much less than that of birds, birds see from a height. there is a mouse. this here we are talking about this angular distance, they just said at the beginning somehow closer to the falcon. well, if anyone wants, yes, the person will see. uh, let's say in even more you can increase or put what he will see up close like an x10 microscope, but, unfortunately, we will then limit distance vision, we can make television into the distance. yes, so that without glasses in the form far, but then there will be problems with the near, that is, we can, uh, this is the optimal trick to do, either closer or further, but not go beyond. unfortunately, there is no one of our biological know or something like that. well, it's already necessary to return to the camera. yes, we are talking about electronic media , better vision is not possible volodya, whatever she wants and

all that. you understand these electronic systems. they also need to be cooled, they are still a technological problem, in addition to the biological one, it must be remembered that they require recharging. here's how it's difficult to recharge this device inside the eye, by the way, yes, by the way, you know that he has such good eyesight, that's why they put on a cap so that he doesn't get nervous, maybe he doesn't need super good eyesight, dear guests, optimistic skeptics. i have all the questions. with what probability? in your opinion, after 10 years, immigradovich will not have vision problems. if you have a forecast, of course, i am traditionally an optimist, but it ’s very difficult to answer the question from this perspective, because well, to say that there will be no problems. it's wrong to have to prepare. i hope that at least the first ones will finally appear on a working bionic prosthesis. yes, with color vision. that would be a big breakthrough already. uh, but if you still move away from science, and like this, randomly say an approximate figure. e. well, i think 65-70 percent. that's 770%.

thank you very much, i am skeptical, but the most paradoxical thing will be that my percentage will be exactly the same around 60%, yes, around 60%, given that we see how rapidly genetics is evolving. that's how far we go what's new. i am not discussing new techniques of technology already that we have their surgery and machines and so on. here is the entire complex. he can allow us to reach 60%, as an optimist has 60%. thank you. there will be problems, but not for a large number of people, that is, these problems with myopia and myopia. we seem to have already decided and now it is no longer a diagnosis. fine? no, of course not, but the problem was solved by wearing glasses and that's it. okay, the more beautiful. eh, let's start solving problems already with congenital pathology, which previously

seemed generally unattainable and unsolvable. and even more so such news about bionic prostheses. i will give 90%, and 10%, we will leave for the fact that we have not yet learned how to treat. in general, 90%. thanks a lot. 30 no more why because medicine is developing extremely slowly, this is a very conservative direction. and even if something appears, then there is a long period of clinical trials for the effectiveness of safety and so on, so 10 years. this is a very short time for her to say 100 correctly. i it would probably be close to one hundred percent, otherwise , or we can then name some one disease, and then we would say, yes, we specifically have this disease, for example, pigmentary urethenitis, which is treated hatch aside. yes, then it will be close to one hundred percent. and yet it's too much.