[000:00:00;00] building, if we are talking, let's say about all these hotbeds of tension and come to the conclusion that half, and there, as they say , the regions and half of the countries that are next to them will have problems with these countries near these border territories. and what will happen, they ask the question, if something happens to the zaporizhzhya nuclear power plant. and there is also a whole map here, that is, they perfectly understand the risks, so let's wait and see how it all ends, but, nevertheless, we continue to observe very interesting. all thanks to everyone we meet exactly in a week in this studio and remember that all participants in our programs have their own truth, but we will always get to the bottom. increasingly, one hears a scoop of a terrible shortage of points where rose prices immediately follows the withdrawal of the planned soviet economy and is viable.

and for this reason, it collapsed like this, when the descent from the top began and how it happened as a result of khrushchev’s, frankly speaking, pogrom , the country’s economy was losing high growth rates by that time, the problems of shortage of consumer goods and food. we come to power. by gorbachev, the process of destroying degradation has accelerated many times over, a new round of so-called reforms becomes the last. let's figure it out and dot all the things and it is necessary to do this for the sake of our future.

since 1964, the government of the ussr was headed by alexei kosygin, dear comrades, delegates , the central committee of the party submits for consideration by the 23rd congress a draft directive on a five-year plan for the development of the national economy for 1966-70 as a result of khrushchev's, frankly speaking, pogroms of the economy by that time, the country is losing its high growth rates, the problems of shortage of consumer goods and food are growing. what is the new leadership doing, agree to reasonably consider that the way out of the impasse is in the same place where the entrance after the death of stalin passed 11 years. only 11 years old. it is not so difficult to correct errors to restore mechanisms that have previously proven their effectiveness. and, of course, there were people who knew how it all worked, how it all worked. instead, the ideas of the unknown are taken into service. moment of kharkiv economist yevsey

lieberman, september 9, 1962 in the newspaper. is it true. goes out his article plan. profit premium. it proposed a rejection of the integral development of the economy in favor of the autonomy of individual enterprises, the actual priority of the interests of hundreds of thousands of individual enterprises, over the interests of the economy as a whole. it was formulated in this way , with good reason it can be argued that the proposed procedure will free central planning from petty guardianship over enterprises and reserves. knows best and can only hide itself company. let the enterprises themselves show what they are capable of in the competition for the best result. at the same time, the article indicated that the profit of the enterprise should become a citation, a generalizing indicator of the economic efficiency of production in the sixty-fifth

year. these ideas become the basis of the reform, called the lieberman reform. kosygin, the planned indicators are further reduced , the priority of the monetary indicators of the plan over natural indicators is finally fixed, and the profit of enterprises comes first. total profit now offers that is, as a percentage of the costs of enterprises that compete with the so-called factory method. this was to encourage factories to justify cost increases to the planners and constantly fight for cost increases instead of the goal of growth. economics. in general, it becomes the goal of growth, profit and profitability of enterprises separately, the owner of long-term norms that are not subject to revision within a certain period of the norm of the planned cost of production of a new planning system. even fixed in

the constitution, if not in scientific language, kosygin simply wanted to interest both the enterprise and the worker and proposed to increase the economic independence of production. at the same time , the company reduced the number of planned indicators from thirty to nine and got the opportunity to dispose of part of the earnings. everyone knew that kosygin was a supporter of market liberalization, but in fact this reform did not restore entrepreneurship, because artillery and personal household plots had already been liquidated, did not provide efficiency, because previously were eliminated mechanisms for the targeted increase in labor productivity and the reduction of restrained did not return to the regular reduction system. prices, did not restore the technological and technical development of the entire economy, and the form became the forerunner of gorbachev's perestroika. as you have already guessed,

the perestroika people who lived in those days actually underwent a transition to a pseudo market economy with high autonomy of enterprises, but without market competition and market motivation of these enterprises without the strategic goals of setting high-quality and organizing planning, alas, we took it from the market economy and the economy, the worst vice-president of the government , heading the state plan, nikolai konstantinovich baibakov, explained the state of affairs in the economy in this way using the example of the food industry quote sharply deteriorated food industry products, food workers. more sausages were produced from the previous amount of meat, increasing the starch content. profits increased not due to efficiency gains production and resource savings through hidden price increases. for manufactured goods, production workers reduced the quality

of products, increasing its quantity in a word , they drove numerical indicators, the profit of the enterprise created the appearance of well-being. money on the accounts of the enterprise accumulated, but did not have resource support. we began to buy grain, meat and other foodstuffs abroad , the import of finished goods increased significantly due to the decrease in the import of new equipment, we were rescued by the export of oil and gas. the prices for which increased significantly, probably the country's leadership wanted the best, but a vicious mechanism was created, a system of relations arose in which managers and employees were interested not to reduce, but to increase costs in order to increase profits. after all , it was she who became the main goal to achieve, which had to be achieved at any cost, while the enterprise did not have any motives to increase labor productivity. there were no motives to reduce costs, introduce new technologies, increase the quality

of products, there was degradation production, respectively, and prices ceased to decline, but began to rise indefinitely, hidden or clearly the main motive of the enterprise was the inefficiency of development, and inflating profits and costs , bargaining for the distribution of resources, knocking out funds, the so- called reaction to such a progressive reform was the rogue immediately found loopholes in order to improve, so to speak, in quotation marks, the life of the collective of enterprises at the same time to increase their own state of production - this, of course, because much of what had previously had to be done in secret had nothing to do with it. now it was possible to make open even to receive for this encouragement, successful enterprises in quotation marks achieved huge competitions from the state. why did they come up with all sorts of pretexts, part of the competition went into the pockets of officials, and here in such a man-made system, created by

the country's leadership, the structure of the economy. efficiency began to freeze fall technology gap accumulated growth rates left much to be desired regimes the economy has moved from outpacing, fading due to rapid growth. the population had a lot of free money in their hands to spend, which was special and there was simply no time for production. satisfy the increased demand, which led to inflation and shortages to phenomena that are absolutely not characteristic of socialism. as such, these people , too, from a huge army of buyers , distinguishes them from all the rest. unless more and perseverance were not too lazy. after all, arrive long before the opening and the department store occupies a comfortable position at the door. and suddenly early in the morning there will be a shortage on the counter. a deficit is what we decorate an apartment with or give to friends for a holiday. what will we sport? following

the fashion, we have become so much. need to. say you bought something in the store, not yet. what would you like to buy? well, i don’t know these sizes, too, a whole year for a long time, three weeks is good. and that we useless coat. i'm looking at myself, so i bought it. and why? because dear all the beautiful girls needed a job, and it was not so easy to find one. yes, do not throw, everywhere, wedge benefit of the acquirer on the table, resourceful heads of enterprises, and all

the losses caused were to be covered by the state. thus, a powerful blow was dealt to socialism, but back in 1918, vladimir ilyich lenin warned against this, let me remind you that the greatest distortion of the basic principles of soviet power and the complete rejection of socialism is any direct or indirect legalization of the ownership of workers, individual factories or individual professions for their special production. or their right to weaken or slow down the order of the general state power, then lenin still understood. a year later after the start of the reform, kosygin was forced to admit, giving enterprises the freedom to maneuver resources. we were not able to establish effective control over them, but it was too late to be interested in something else for such reforms. for example, the american magazine time as a result , placed on the cover of one of its issues and all the liebermans. it infects, tears the voice and the nerves beats per minute cannot be counted. yes, it will be

up to the creep to the goosebumps for the fever. yes, tears, we are all football wars. valei football at the stadium, welcome the new season base card fan on gosuslugi.ru the capital of the soviet state peacetime, in the middle of the day, a completely triple murder of one of the victims is a child. and what a strange story with a lottery ticket series based on real events, the ticket holder was supposed to receive a volga car, but the ticket turned out to be fake, let's go, who makes the fakes, we will find to kill denis vasiliev in order to put the winning number on the ticket. we must first get rid of the invitation , and they will soon be roped, and the criminal must be imprisoned olga venikova, completely unexpected place. where no one

will look for him. something important dmitry miller shoot shoot at the wheels the calling of the prime minister from monday at 20:00 on ntv with the transition to power of gorbachev, the processes of destruction and degradation have accelerated many times a new round of so-called reforms is becoming the last the soviet union is heading for a market economy, and society in the second half the eighties deliberately imposed a false dilemma or a plan or the market can not be half pregnant two indispensable elements of any successful economy, are declared antagonists, and instead of a plan, chaos arises, and instead of a market, a bazaar, the liberal government does not listen even to western nobel laureates in economics, including franco-maguillan robert soule and james

tobin, economists who addressed gorbachev with an open letter. the american nobel laureate in economics, joseph, persistently offers gorbachev to keep russia's natural resources in public ownership and reproaches the russians. in an extremely radical approach to market reforms since the late eighties, legally fixed fundamental rejection of a unified organized economic system of targeted planning , the remnants of the planned system are being eliminated, while the election of enterprise managers makes them hostages of unreasonable demands from workers. undermines the possibility of strengthening elementary discipline. the decisions made generate economic chaos. for us , the center of gravity should be shifted to the plan of everyday practical work with fewer big words. admiration for each other more businesslike responsibility for the entrusted

the goal is to achieve the obligatory achievement of those goals that we have set both at the level of the enterprise and at the level of the region of the republic and in general for the country. at the same time, gorbachev knew all the consequences of the planned reforms. we assure you two groups of economists. they gave him an accurate assessment of the consequences of radical changes according to the calculations of the group of economists eremenko, it turned out that during the transition to a market economy in the next 2 years , out of 140 million people employed in the economy, 40 million people will become unemployed, according to the calculations of the gaidar group, the number of unemployed was estimated at 41 million according to the calculations of the eremenko group, the increase in retail prices in the year of liberalization was estimated at 26-28 times by the gaidar group 24-26 times in reality, prices increased by 24 and a half times. the main blow to the economy

was the destruction of the two-circuit monetary model; between enterprises, and cash for settlements with the population, a. nothing non-cash money was possible. gorbachev broke this dam , the whole creation of centers for scientific and technical creativity of youth began, their main feature is the ability to cash out funds in the current account. the enterprise, under the guise of spending on scientific development, began to transfer funds to the account of the centers of scientific and technical creativity of youth, and from there to receive them back in the form of cash was not an innovative market mechanism, but one of the first legal corruption schemes. mikhail khodorkovsky, by the way, grew out of all these nttm. what they love to talk about is the pump for pumping money and the subsequent between fictitious organizers. this is how it

worked in the enterprise. the department of specialists, received the task, let's say to develop electronic accounting. at the same time , an agreement was concluded with ntm or a cooperative for the creation of a complex. the accounting program , the cost of such work, for example, was 1 million rubles. for contracts between enterprises , an absolutely normal amount after the completion of the execution of the act of acceptance and transfer of programs from the manufacturer to the customer and payment was made to the nttm center. paid out jointly registered in it programmers of amounts that are 2-3 times higher than their earnings in the main place. however, these costs amounted to 5-10% of the contract amount. the rest was divided between the heads of the customer's enterprise, who were registered in the nttm center or cooperative, as consultants, and on a topic that differed from the topic of the contract, and the heads of the nttm center itself. voila, who is now telling us about corruption in russia, is not

their friend khodorkovsky au? after the laws on the state enterprise and on cooperation went from the eighty-seventh year cooperatives begin to be created, the grave-diggers of the remnants of the soviet economy, their number grows like an avalanche from 14,000 at the beginning of 1988 to 193,000 as of january 1, 1990, in 2 years the number of employees of cooperatives increases from 156,000 people to almost 5 million people for many leaders of the cooperative becomes a channel for transferring resources to their personal car created by relatives or trusted people. on the basis of cooperative enterprises, they buy products from the latter at low state experience and retail prices, for example, for raw materials, and sell at high market prices in a scarce market the cash flows gushing through such schemes. swept from the shelves almost all goods that represented at least some

consumer interest, cooperatives in the trade washed out scarce goods from the state trading network. after which they appeared in cooperative stores, tripling or quadrupling the price, this led to a hidden increase in prices for ordinary buyers, but not to a decrease in the excess money supply of their incomes. cooperators spent most of their time on own consumption or for the purchase of scarce goods with the aim of further speculation from the point of view, which has been working for several decades, the two-circuit monetary system occurs as follows: money intended for capital investments and settlements between enterprises is able to become cash, which inevitably leads to inflation, to an increase in deficit to provide the population to the authorities . i had to introduce coupons, which led to the disappearance and free sale of a mass of goods that began to be distributed to pay for them it was necessary, but it was possible to buy as much as it is written in

the coupons on hand, the growing shortage. it led to the rapid development of the black market, and finally , in march 1989, the banking reform was implemented; specialized state banks were transferred to full self-support, approaching ordinary commercial banks in the summer of next year , branches of specialized banks in russia were corporatized the most important instrument of the monetary system. the palatine between the two monetary circuits is being liquidated. it is collapsing, which leads to a large imbalance in the monetary system of the island, modification, hyper inflation by the end of the eighties, the country's leadership loses the ability to independently resolve the issues of providing the population with the most necessary food and essential goods. of course , the news is not the best, but you need to know them. we are all adults, it’s time to stop for the thousandth time amazed, what the fuck is it that they feed us, that they send it to st. petersburg, it’s time to think and find out who benefits from sending car after car to the city

moldy rot as a mockery, having the name tomatoes is already clear. it is known that shortages and shortages ruin you and me, forcing you to overpay three times for the same, but enriching someone, this someone as a result of today's deliveries of tomatoes to the city, had the opportunity to profit if someone disagrees with reasoning. i can offer naked city arrived in wagons with tomatoes, filled with continuous stinking, spreading rot, the representative of the suppliers. fled after seeing the television crew by 1991. in a real threat of famine arises in the country and a great country enters the world's jaws with an outstretched hand and turns to western countries for humanitarian assistance at the end of march. in early april, two to three times increased retail prices for meat and bread imitate milk and fish by 200% and fish by 130% tobacco products by 50% fabrics clothing shoes by

135% well, and so on, the fare on urban transport has also risen in intercity transport the list of goods that could be sold at free contractual prices has been expanded, considering the actual consequences market reforms launched on january 1, 1992, it is important to note the main results of 12 million people. population decline over 16 years from 1992 to 2007, or 8.2% of the population from 1992, of which the bulk of the able-bodied population. at the same time, the titular russian nation, which throughout the history of russia has been the state, forming the role of 25 million russians, has decreased most of all. russians simultaneously found themselves abroad , russians became the most divided nations in the world.

in the nineties, the country came out on top in in the world in terms of suicide injecting drug use strong alcohol consumption tobacco use divorces abortions social orphanhood by the number of people in prisons more than under stalin in first place in europe in terms of murders something happened that still had to happen sooner or later all december, vodka in chita not to mention wines, they did not sell champagne to it. and only the day before the new year, seven out of fifty- two specialized stores began selling alcohol, understandably that the coveted drink went to the one who was impudent. yes who has stronger muscles , the police sent almost their entire staff in line. i note, by the way, on the street that was free from patrols that day , there were five murders near the water. here's how it ended quickly and then the angry crowd went out onto the central highway of the city, blocking it, bonfires blazed near the shops

for 20 years in the period from 1990 to 2010 in russia, more than 20,000 settlements ceased to exist. yes from the past fire must be taken, not ashes. these are the words of a french thinker. jean zharenosa and there is a serious meaning in this. so , 70 years have passed since the death of stalin , it so happened that the creators of a unique economic model implemented from 1929 to 1955. so we could not fully comprehend and describe it, we must take fire into the future, not ashes let's figure it out and dot all the things and do it for the sake of our future. at least for the sake of talking about the soviet economic system. we are first were interested in what period, and the stalinist economy in question, or the period of its destruction?

shenia will at least be honest. hello this is the housing issue, i'm victoria panina