i'm very interested. hello

, so what, you wanted to tell me? this will be a long conversation. from not sure that the cosmos is

crucial for the future of mankind, others believe that we are just wasting money and time, which arguments will defeat the skeptics. how are satellites useful for our food security? why is it better to see from orbit? what kind of help do light planets need? whether to wait for a killer asteroid and whether foil hats save from magnetic storms, let's talk about this with the head of the institute of space research anatoly petrovich, natalya alekseevich , they say that the idea of ​​​​creating an institute for space research belongs to academician keldysh, and he expressed it as early as 1963. that is, it turns out from part of 2023 the anniversary year. yes, we are rather celebrating the sixty-fifth year when the decree of the council of ministers was issued. it took 2 years from idea to implementation , the creation of such an institution as ikea turned out to be in demand mikeldash. actually in a sense. eh, the redistribution of time is now working according to this scheme for powerful centers. in many other great space powers of interest is

that it would be on the same territory in the same building. eh, the space project went from an idea to a practical or scientific implementation of getting an actual result. and it's all cooked in such an environment where scientists and engineers work side by side, who solve all this many technical problems. what is the institution today? that's how many what, i don't know, maybe the percentage of these engineers and scientists is there in the share ratio institute is, first of all, such a science. that is to say, it is a passing science, noted. uh, related to earth exploration country with planetary exploration last year. our russian academician. rashid sinyaev received the prize of the german physical society. in general, i’m 22 years old, probably, it’s not typical either in the twentieth year, we e a large team of authors received the first prize in the science of technology of the russian belarusian union state, but on the other hand, uh, iki is

a continuation. here are exactly half of them manufacturing enterprises. now several samples of instruments are launched into space every year. e, as a scientific practice of practical applied purpose. uh, now there may be about twenty russian foreign satellites flying in space, on which our equipment works. uh-huh and this creates this very powerful foundation for the development of scientific space. young people are coming, because here, firstly, we have both a romantic and a romance of space and, if possible, participate in large projects. there are, uh, labs and department, where the medieval ones are already few for 40 years yeah, so here it’s 35-40, or today it’s even less than 39, which means, but it was considered earlier, when it was already and was taken by one scientist when thirty ended. now that's according to the rules of this 39, but here i think, you know, this is a formality. we see that our student groups are in those universities where we have a basic

department, if they are overcrowded and all students stay to work with us, of course, but here is the aura itself of this subject and, uh, good beacons. they attract enough for today those aircraft that are in orbit e more remote corners of space, but in order for scientists to satisfy their curiosity and is it possible e. tell us the current environment is curiosity? self- satisfy or, again, we are talking about international cooperation space is a source. first of all, fundamentally new knowledge that we can always get on earth. and here, of course we want more and this is an area that is limited by funding and technical capabilities. we can't always to make such a large telescope that we want to launch space clean up by a technical limitation, there is not always money in the budget of a particular country. therefore, of course, we always try to enter into international cooperation and look. what satellites do other countries, so as not to be repeated other countries are looking at us somewhere. we cooperate

somewhere and exchange instruments. eh, now the nature of this cooperation has stopped. well, we hope that, after all , the space industry is an industry with such, as we say, a large constant time, and here are 10 it takes 10 years for you to come up with a project. he has been working for 10 years. you work with its results. so we should plan our cooperation at such time intervals and russian scientists. you are not very satisfied now because only one spacecraft is flying. now the scientific ones are spectrg, an x-ray telescope, but we hope that luna 25 will fly this summer this year - this is the first after a long period, the russian lunar project, which should make the first landing in the polar region the moon, which is considered, according to modern concepts, the most promising for research and for further development. we hope that some such minimum is the principal minimum of scientific apparatuses. russia will reach soon. uh, well, the institute accumulates a huge amount of various data, uh, remote sensing of the earth.

and let's start some such practical segment. and what new things have we learned about the fires occurring in the territory, including our country. well, really. you are kay created this is just one of the initiative developments, once the youth scientific group, which appeared with us 20 years ago, and now has become one of the main directions of the day. this creation does not work with such super-large, as we say, data arrays. there are more than 40 satellites of various satellites for remote sensing of the earth, not only russian, but also freely available international satellites, otherwise and due to the availability of this data, we have very detailed information. but first of all, if we talk about fires based on these data. we can, for example, diagnose forest fires and systems created in ikea for diagnosing forest fires by combining all possible satellites in this way. it was created in ikea and put into operation. for more than 20 years he has been working in aviation as a security guard. it is 100% domestic development percent domestic development. we're now

learning to not only, uh, see the fires report it, but estimate the forest loss that's taking place during this fire , track the recovery, superimpose it all on the overall trend. give some advice. and this, in in general, now is of great importance in connection with this carbon agenda. and here we are enriched. uh, what kind of knowledge is here, as we always say in russia wheel in russia light planets the question is how much carbon forests absorb, do they offset russia's carbon emissions can we sell emissions? here is the absorption by forests. it turned out that there are not so many objective data that can be proven at the international level already and they will be accepted as a standard. and now this the program began thanks to a special decree of the government of russia , cooperation was created that is engaged in the study of this issue. this is even called the most important innovative project of national importance. in particular, one of the recent results on the forest is

that it is actually the contribution of the russian forest. here absorption, it is underestimated , and so it turns out, that here is a forest, which on the hills of eastern siberia, it also has commercial value, if carbon water, if you fight it all with fires, then you can practically double this resource potential of the russian forest for carbon absorption. it's like this completely. the result and now, on the basis of this result , measures are being taken to strengthen this russian grouping, which is fighting forest fires. as i understand it, for agriculture, the same uh, some data that we can get from satellites is important. well, first of all, the weather is important for you for the russian economy, and the weather now is the weather forecast, it is not in the form that we have in the quality that we have it now, it is not achievable without a space constellation, including russian satellites are now distributed over almost the entire perimeter of the earth and

take a global picture of the cloud masses of typhoon cyclones that move in the atmosphere. firstly, secondly, of course, a very important point is monitoring the quality of sowing. now in russia there is a census of economic lands. and we need to somehow check this account of these areas. uh, means who make correspondence on earth. here we are made a system that allows you to double-check them and compare some systematic errors somewhere. can be found, if you can train your system your artificial intelligence. you can tell a birch from a christmas tree, a christmas tree from a pine. we see, among other things, if economic crops, and even here we can sometimes give , e, a forecast of the yield of some regions, relying on impudence, but these so-called solar-terrestrial connections have one point, just we have a period. how to say solar maximum monthly forecast made grateful because solar flare. here is a signal from a solar flare on

earth for three days, so here it is like a meteorological forecast for about 3 days. this is very accurate for 5 days for less than a week, and so on, like, for some reason, they really like to publish. it is of such an evaluative nature and is not practically used for practical purposes. well, i don't know they won't agree, especially copper people, sensitive weather dependent. they probably feel it in some way. then here you are saying that the sun is on maximum, as for instruments, it is high-precision, including, as we are told, it affects. well , yes, magnetic storms are heightened solar flares. this is increased solar radiation, so this is additional damage to spacecraft, but we , of course, do not know when a specific outbreak will occur, but we know approximately what the additional dose of radiation will be, which will be in the solar maximum on the impact satellite, so we actually calculate satellite design. this is one of the main technical problems to make the satellite so that it is more stable cosmic radiation. yes, completely from the influence of magnetic storms. uh, so

it's impossible to defend yourself, but you can predict them. we can roughly understand the mechanisms of influence, we can somehow parry them. in general, this is just such a project. that's why go pays a lot of attention that's such a popular part of the question, because it's a good sign of our e depending on the cosmos, an indicator that humanity is a space civilization is not just hidden away. there's a cocoon on the ground because of which we are afraid to stick our nose out, but we really live in some kind of cosmic system and we feel the breath of the cosmos every day. well, almost every day. you say you haven't come up with any means. and there is a folk remedy such a tinfoil hat was, so i don’t know how to find it. well, sometimes it’s more profitable to put on a hat and calm down, because you know all diseases are caused by nerves. yes, therefore , if the cap helps to calm down, that is, perhaps there is something . there is some sense in this. uh, probably two of them. polar opinions about how

research should be treated. e space , there are skeptics who believe that this should not be done. nothing can enrich our lives. so there are romantics who believe that it is precisely there that there may be some secret knowledge that will radically change our lives. and here is the cure, so to speak, of skepticism. there is some cure for skepticism. trite this quote from tsiolkovsky is immortal, that the earth is the cradle of mankind, but mankind cannot remain forever in cradle and sooner or later humanity will emerge from it already today space civilization. we cannot live without space. we cannot do without space communications without space internet without space navigation, if we want to develop as intensively as we have developed in the last century, we have practically and every century 10 times increased the consumption of energy that we need for everyday life, then somewhere then after 100 years. we are doomed to become a space civilization in another planet, not

that look for another planet, but part part of the energy production will have to be launched into space in order not to overheat, so as not to limit oneself in development, which means that no one has canceled space threats either. if, uh, meteorites are asteroids, well, meteorites, then what has already fallen and did no harm, they called it a meteorite. yes, but the collision of the earth with an asteroid. there are times a few thousand, there are tens of thousands, if there is a global catastrophe - it is a million times a million years and but such things as the chebarkul meteorite, like the tunguska meteorite. this is several times tens of times hundreds of years, well, we are afraid of asteroids in the coming years or not, but that's what they are, maybe they will pass by there. yes, the fact that a special international search program for such potentially dangerous asteroids should not be feared past should not be created. and i am quite sure that within there next 10-15 years. we will count all of them further. you just watch them and

predict how their orbit evolves according to the asteroid hazard scale. all known steroids, they have zero. here he found one. yes, in reality, the danger starts somewhere from five to six on a scale of one to ten, so you just have to follow and most likely, there in a few months, that it flies past the earth, so there are many more other problems more vital. territory alekseevich thank you very much for the conversation. thank you.