small tanks are sitting in the hatch, like charmed the gray-haired colonel is pleased to have someone to continue the kosite tank dynasty. the rich nature of karelia impresses with its majestic and severe beauty. this taiga region is called the land of a thousand lakes.

passing through these lands, the important trade route from the varangians to the greeks attracted various peoples here in ancient times. due to its geographical position, the region was often the subject of territorial disputes between neighboring powers. in the tenth-twelfth centuries, karelia fell into the sphere of influence ancient russian state. the republic of karelia is located in the north-west of russia on the border with finland from moscow to its capital city of petrozavodsk by rail for more than 900 km, a train journey will take 12 hours and an hour and a half by plane. the population of petrozavodsk is almost 300,000 people, the city grew up on the shores of lake onega, the second largest in europe, in the historical center of the city you can get acquainted with the traditional crafts of local residents, many of which have survived only in the northern republic.

for centuries on the karelian lands , different peoples, the burnt russian peps, coexisted peacefully, their very cultures influenced each other, but at the same time remained original. the multinational population of karelia has united more than once in its history in the face of a common military threat. it was along the borders of russia that the zakarelians always fought between the west and russia, they are the final mountains. naturally, their language is very close to finnish, especially in the north of karelia , you can hardly distinguish it, but by religion they were converted to orthodoxy at the beginning of the 11th century, therefore, they finno-ugric names often and orthodox surnames yakov petrov korean swamps and rivers have always been rich in iron ore, so

blacksmithing and weapons making has become the main occupation of the locals. at the beginning of the 18th century, in a resource-rich region, tsar peter the reformer noticed that the first state-owned artillery factories appeared on the shores of lake onega, so the city was named petrozavodsk. yes, there is a waterway on a beam, and local guns had to be armed in the first place , created by the russians. these are mostly naval cannons that are easy to carry from one side above the arm, these are the cannons that, well, practically made our fleet a military one, the national republican museum stores samples of old cannons from the times of the northern war with sweden. well

, mine explorers, mostly foreigners, arrived here in 1702 in the summer the chick of the nest commanded them. petrov ivan patrushev they found here not far away, the aspen of the war flew off the lip, a large supply of ore, and in 1703 a plant was laid here. establish the production of weapons in petrozavodsk did not succeed immediately, at first about a quarter of the guns turned out to be defective, and in the courtyard of the museum you can see the guns that did not pass trial firing. all of them were damaged during the tests only with the appearance in petrozavodsk of one of the best metallurgists in europe, the scots. charles gascoigne's marriage rate declined. gazkuin revolutionized the factory, so to speak, the industrial revolution. he brought the first steam engines here, he always

brought wheels. wire the railroad, between the shops. he began to drill trunks, he organized a school for metallologists and a button factory. well, a lot of historical weapons in petrozavodsk can be seen not only in museum expositions. there is a polar odyssey club in the city, where the queens create natural copies of historical ships, including petrovsky time for studying karelian craftsmen , sailing shipbuilding lovers from all over the world meet. petrozavodsk is the only city in russia named after a military plant , not a single war waged by russia was spared

without guns made in petrozavodsk, the 20th century became the most difficult and destructive for karelia. the winter war with finland and then the great patriotic war left many scars in the history of the republic of karelia . secondly, the longest time of existence and the karelian front is the front of the fiery highway. that is, this is a fruit that held the highway from murmansk to the kabazer road and further in russia along this cargo was on the way. not a simple military history of the 20th century is illuminated by the museum of the center of military glory of petrozavodsk, most of the exhibits were collected and presented to the museum by collector valery lazarev for each item you studied, it was searched for and quite hard. he e

got always almost always all the items. and i approached the collection by collecting the image of a military man, so i had to use various orders of the people's commissariat of defense in order to accurately create this image. one of the halls of the center of military glory presents the finds made by search organizations in the places of hostilities. they relate mainly to 1941, then the finnish troops advanced rapidly and hoped to quickly capture the main city of karelia. the soviet command organized four lines of defense that blocked the main approaches to petrozavodsk due to the rugged terrain of the swamps of the rivers. the finns could only attack along the road for a long time it was not known exactly where these lines of defense passed and only in 2011 year, members of the search organizations

discovered one of these places. this is a height of 168.5 near the village of pryazha, 50 km from petrozavodsk. we found a battlefield that had not been found by anyone before us. we started work here on a low hill, which is now pitted with individual rifle cells of the 1941 model, along with the forest. after studying the archives, it became clear to historians that the fighters of the 313th rifle division formed in the urals fought here, we believe that this is the karelian brest fortress, because the people followed the order and so they left battlefields and fought. here to the end. they fought for almost two and a half weeks in full encirclement. but this first fight

was the last for them. at the cost of their own lives, they delayed the offensive of the finnish army and gave time to evacuate the population and enterprises of petrozavodsk in october 1941, finnish troops entered an almost empty city , the people of non-finno-ugric nationalities remaining in the city were placed behind barbed wire in concentration camps. the interior of one of the camp barracks can be seen in the center of military glory. in place of the former concentration camps in petrozavodsk , memorial stones were installed. a photograph on one of them became known to the whole world ; it was presented at the nuremberg trials as evidence of the brutality of the invaders. kalina sanko made it in petrozavodsk. basically

, the contingent of prisoners consisted of old men and women, because a strong population of men. they were all drafted into the army and went to defend our fatherland during the first two years of occupation. uh, forty-one forty, second year out of the total number of prisoners, and there were approximately 30,000. these are the inhabitants of our city 7.000. over these 2 years, unfortunately, they died of hunger and various diseases. one of the last frontiers in the offensive of the finnish army during the great patriotic war was, the village along venets is the starting point of an important transport artery of the white sea-baltic canal of the main line of the ussr of the first five-year plan . during the retreat, the soldiers of the red army had to destroy several canal dams, the village of povenets was washed away by enemy water that came at forty succeeded in the first year. uh, the first locks, the canal exit to the east. and uh,

it was only thanks to him that he was stopped. m-m destruction of the seventh gateway and as a result of the onset of the enemy. here is this spilled water. in the winter, the whole of the venchanskaya staircase was stopped. the so-called channel. she did not work during the war years. it was significantly destroyed, as for the northern slope of the canal, he worked in homeo, medvezhyegorsk, the main city of belomorstroy , was also occupied by the finns. in the former administration building of the white sea canal of the nkvd is located local history museum in its exposition of the things of participants in historical events and unique photographs. for 2 years of occupation around medvezhyegorsk, the finns cut down a real fortified area in the rocks. now it is an important object of military history, the construction of these fortifications was very meticulous. they accidentally inspected this construction site himself

, the commander-in-chief of the finnish army. well, he was here, he supervised this construction , moreover, he shared hmm with his allies the experience of this construction. finns. we were determined to keep it at all costs. medvezhyegorsk every meter of the city was shot from a height. in 1944, the red army liberated the city with heavy fighting by the ninth of august, during the svirsk of the petrozavodsk operation, the red army troops approached the former soviet-finnish border and stopped the offensive, the war with finland was over. the capital of the republic, the city of petrozavodsk, was liberated earlier on june 28 , 1944 in 2015, petrozavodsk was awarded the honorary title city of military glory.

at the beginning of the sixth century ad, the fertile lands of the oka-don plain attracted various nomadic tribes and peoples. the first russian settlers appeared here back in pre-mongolian times, but the final settlement took place in the 17th century to protect the borders of the south.

russia from the raids of the tatars and further development, the black earth region of the russian government built fortress cities, including tambov the tambov region is located in the center of the eastern european plain , the region belongs to the zone rich in fertile soils from moscow to tambov by rail 480 km, a train journey will take about 9 o'clock. one of the most popular places in tambov tsna river embankment offers picturesque views of the ancient city, including the cathedral of the transfiguration of the savior. the first stone temple. tambov in front of him. on cathedral square there is a monument to the heavenly patron of these lands, st. pitirim, and to the wealth of local landowners. and kuptsov is reminiscent of old mansions. one of the most exquisite houses of the merchant mikhail oseev, a palace-like building was built at the beginning of the 20th century according to the design of a moscow architect. lion kekushev masters of modern style. now the estate

is a branch of the museum-reserve, peterhof for its elegance and beauty with this mansion. only the estate of the owner's brother vasily oseev could compete and less. it was located not far from tambov in the city of stories, and experts suggest that the main building of the estate is a project. and also lev kekushev. the history of tambov is almost 400 years old, the city was founded in 1636 as a military fortress by roman babarykin as a stronghold of the moscow state in the wild field around zemlyanoy val, part of the fortifications of the 16th century, has been preserved in the city. to protect against raids by nomads, oxen were kept at certain intervals. uh, towers or prisons in the tower, 25 people served. in the usual tower 50 in the prison they had handguns, and in

the prisons they even squeaked medium weapons between the guns and the gun. and, in principle, they could hold the defenses of this section for a long time, until help arrived in time in the middle of the 16th century. and these fortifications were still complete, that is, there was a ditch in front of the rampart. before the break were wooden ones would gouge, but inside eh. two more made such a fence. a prison with strenuous logs six meters high 4 m above the surface tumbles two down. this is how they stood. that is, if the enemy approached the fortification line, he ran into long ones. it was necessary to somehow pull apart the ditch later, there were so -called parts for garlic or kolya driven into the ground. that is, for the same employee , the cavalry passes, and then he pushes off on a four-meter high oak wall, which was also exhausted. and we’ll burn it all down to service people, because the space between the two gatehouses was shot through with a gun. so this system was quite effective. the south of the modern

tambov region was then part of a wild field, where for thousands of years the steppe peoples roamed , archaeological finds, burial grounds and monuments of sacred art testify to this. some of the artifacts are presented in the exposition of the regional museum of local lore. actually. the first nomads are among the ones we meet here in the region. this is a scythian or scythians. and this is from the 7th century to the new and goes waves. it's changing each other. these are the scythians in flavors, then the sarmatians come, and it comes to replace it. uh year. why huns? these are the so -called akinaki swords. in this case, according to the features of some details, be it hanging or crosshairs. we can date them. in this case, the earliest, so to speak, bronze handle. this is, so to speak, an archaic type, the weapon was bronze. and here here. archaic, leave. that

is, it is somewhere around the seventh, that is, the century before the new one may be the beginning of the sixth century. that is, this is hmm a typical thing of a scythian warrior or from kievskaya sarmatian group, which actually every male warrior had to simply have. in the seventeenth century on the southern borders of russia faced with the crimean khanate to protect. settlement from the raids of the steppe warriors could only powerful fortifications. for their construction, foreign experts were invited; they supervised the work of the voivode roman fedorovich babarykin managed to stop that at that time he was about 25-26 years old by now to call a young man, but he was already an experienced voivode in shatsk in 1932. e showed himself well at court michael fedorovich was affectionate power and ilman. they gave such an order to build a new year,

they wanted to build a city on the river. eh, lesnoy tambov, when they arrived, the place seemed unsuccessful to them, and then you chose another area - this is the merger of a student. it is here that they combine everything with the new and laid the new one. that is , in fact, by the middle of the 17th century. exhibited belgorod line tambov line shatsky fortifications lower upper lomovsky, royal to siberian 1.200 km, a single continuous line of fortification. this is actually very similar to the chinese village of the tambov region is associated with many famous noble families. here they had an estate, the vorontsov vorotynskys, the chicherin golitsyns, the stroganovs, the artist, vasily polenov stayed in the name for a long time, the alshanka the estate, acquired by his grandfather. major-general aleksey voeikov, participant in the patriotic war of 1812 later. here the majestic church of the resurrection

of christ was built in this estate. vasily polenov painted one of the most poetic paintings, a pond in a park, an alshanka in a small exhibition hall , you can see reproductions of the artist’s paintings maria alekseevna log mother of a famous painter. for the composer sergei rachmaninoff , his family's estate was his favorite place of rest and work. in the village of ivanteevka , the musician came to the estate every summer until his emigration in 1917. a museum dedicated to the composer was opened in the house. every year , the estate hosts music festivals in tambov in 2015, the only monument in russia to military composers immortalized in bronze or i tents who wrote the famous waltz on the hills of manchuria and vasily agapkin author marshal farewell to the slav, this song is now the anthem

of the tambov region. another monument is dedicated to lieutenant general valery khalilov , the head of the ensemble of the russian army named after aleksandrov, who died during a plane crash in 2016. twice in its history, tambov land became a reliable rear. the time of hostilities for the first time during the patriotic war of 1812 with the army of napoleon the second time during the great patriotic war of 1941-45, first of all, before the tambov region was put the task of becoming one of the leading hospital bases is dedicated to the feat of military nurses and doctors with a memorial installed near the building of the tambov museum of the history of medicine since 1944, an outstanding surgeon, archbishop of the bow in the world worked in the city. valentin war yeseninsky in tambov

, he not only worked in hospitals, but also continued to hold church services in the center. a monument to one of the most famous heroes of the great patriotic war was erected in tambov. zoya kosmodemyanskaya, who volunteered for the front, the girl became a fighter. reconnaissance sabotage group of the red army, having been captured by attempts, she did not give out strategic important information posthumously zoya kosmodemyanskaya received the title of hero of the soviet union of those flies that she really endured. yes, it's already a bummer. i name a part, don’t name it, and you see, the nazis, as far as i know, didn’t burn the village. that is, she saved the trees with her silence zoya kosmodemyanskaya was born in the village of osina gai , a hundred-15 km from tambov, the settlement is noticeable from afar by the cupolas of a wooden church of the xix century

the rector of the church was zoya's grandfather peter kosmodemyansky at school. aspen gaia in the late 1960s, the museum appeared in 2018 with the support of the russian military historical society. it was modernized, the museum is dedicated to three heroes of the soviet union by a native, aspen gai zoya kosmodemyanskaya, her brother alexander and stepan perekatsky, this is stepan prikazsky, the battle of kursk. for the first time, the first division entered kursk, liberates this very course, and there in kursk there is a perekalsk region, military history, regions and russia tells exposition of the tambov museum and exhibition center of one of the best military history museums in russia among the exhibits of the center are copies of military banners of weapons personal belongings of the heroes of the parade, tunic three times, hero of the soviet union pilot ivan kozhedub here you can

learn about the contribution of the tambov region to the cause of victory , the formation of the second guards on its territory army. history is a big book of human judgments. and here are about 10,000 honey advanced workers of the war, which paved the way for victory for both commanders and commanders and pilots. and tankers among honored guests of the museum and exhibition center of the veteran of the great patriotic war alexander bodner took part in the defense of moscow leningrad stalingrad fought on the oryol-kursk bulge in the kuban and in the crimea his 27th birthday. he met at the victory parade in moscow on june 24, 1945. as a navigator, alexander nikolayevich performed 300 night combat sorties

; they didn’t exist yet, they just didn’t calculate the eye compass and something like navigational tools. here are three instruments that allow observation of the river. for his contribution to the fight against the nazi invaders during the great patriotic war, the city of tambov was awarded the order of the red banner of labor