hello in russia, the decade of science and technology , the television company tv, the state corporation rosatom , present a program about how science will change our lives for the next 10 years. i am vladimir antokhin. i am ekaterina shugaeva. in 10 years, science will expose green energy, because i invited optimists who believe that in 10 years science will really expose green energy. this is andrey gaverdovskiy experimental physicist. science and

technology good evening good evening and optimists will indeed expose the green energy about the history of energy will be told by our expert professor kapustin in the history of mankind only at the moment when fire was produced by rubbing one stick and another. for thousands of years, the energy available to man was only chemical, obtained from food eaten by our ancestors, but as soon as a person found black stones that stain their hands, and well, burning, giving a lot of heat, the energy from green turned into black and is such a step towards new energy was the water wheel, which, by the way, is still successfully operating in some countries and we should not forget about wind energy, with the help of which we discovered

different countries and found out that the earth is round, the modern era of energy. started in the 18th century. from the legal engine of coal , iron and steam have actually created the modern industry. xx century the explosive use of oil and gas, and finally the era of electricity has come here, the main achievement was not obtaining energy, but transmitting it at a distance, but today. this is nuclear energy, let me remind you that our power plant in obninsk was the first in the world, it gave the first current in 1954. i have a personal question for you. well, not about nuclear energy, like yes, yes, yes, yes, you have a solar battery in your dacha, the battery is radically approaching the issue

of green energy solar battery, i would not put it, because i just remembered all this profanity. i have a friend who has a solar battery. he says that it is enough for him to evenly heat a small tank of water to wash exactly the floor of the body, something i’m not sure about, then we’ll deal with this issue yulia viktorovna and when did people start extracting energy, as they did before, is a very good question, but, depending on what we consider energy production, as professor kapustin correctly noted, if we analyze transport and its development, especially maritime transport, then sailing shipping, it was developed and allowed mankind to master different continents to establish trade, that is, and the wind was used very widely here, but also because the dutch. e were not only travelers, but those people who lived below sea level, their use of mills and windmill. e, energy, allowed me to pump

water, and pump it out in half a meter, that is , there was a lot of moderation functions, but grind. uh, our grain is standard, and building materials, including, uh, chalk, they ground, ground, to make well, a semblance of cement. paints were mixed and spices were made, that is, in fact, the mill was such a serious center, but not only windmills, we remember different fairy tales about puss in boots and the mill. maybe i use water as a hybrid, including a water wheel, which was mentioned here uh, we have a lot of good examples of such green energy in the past, and even the current fashionable type of green energy is hydrogen, but it was used back in

besieged leningrad pumped out on it. in fact, they could immerse, raise, and so on. that is, all types of energy that we now drive are green, starting with windmills and ending with hydrogen. well, probably there are no atoms, but they were in ancient times, because technological they are understandable, they are simple just uh-huh yes andrey viktorovich and when the term itself appeared then green energy, who even had the idea to divide energy into green and non-green, why do i know katerina and as an atomist every time i don’t shudder, but i worry , and then the use of the word green in relation to radical green activists , who until recently , the main object of their efforts, so to speak, but chose names there for generation, and then turned out to be any technology

that, to one degree or another, affects environment. and in this way they are very different from ecologists, who take a painfully constructive position and interact on a more constructive platform with e, an industrial enterprise and entire industries, but it was not by chance that i gave this example. the fact is that we have a at least. three concepts that seem to be about the same thing, it is very different from each other and , frankly, at the start of our discussion , we would have to figure out what we are talking about? well , because there is a green energetic, and the concept of carbon-free energy is the concept of renewable energy sources, and they would seem to be about the same thing, but no. let's imagine such a fairly simple one, for example. for example, katerina yes, she went into the forest and cut down a tree. chopped wood, lit a fire. ah, boiled the water. well, in general, in such a way, in such a context , ekaterina it's hard to imagine. let's take vladimir, for example, you went through the forest and killed a tree. yes, the bitches boiled here normally. yes,

formal points of view. you expended energy to produce a certain work. good are you human? from one point of view, you used an unconditionally renewable or green energy source of a tree, many will think a tree, because you cut down one christmas tree in the place of this christmas tree will grow, another christmas tree and where it would be bad for us to plant it , yes, the christmas tree will sprout itself with the help of a squirrel cone. yes, but from a formal point of view, you have completely and completely relied on or used a renewable energy source, but is it good from an environmental point of view? of course not, or another moment, but let's take it there. well, for example, hydropower, yes, but it would seem a renewable energy source, yes, a colossal profit in terms of electricity generation, but here is the famous three gorges hydroelectric power plant, if not in memory, which in china in comparison is recent a compare we recently launched. well, wait while building it. from one and a half to two million people had to be cut off, several cities and others were flooded. there were a little smaller settlements,

in my opinion, i will even touch on the national park there. why am i saying all this? because if you look at all in history. and evolution transformation of one term into another, and the other - the third, then we can see how it changed, well, m-m positioning of those who introduced these terms? and in general, what were they, frankly speaking, thinking about, because, as far as i know the history of energy. we have for the first time the term, and the energy transition was voiced somewhere in the region of the seventies . it was such a post-phenomenon of the first energy crisis, when oil prices skyrocketed, and the first panicked americans, and then, in fact, it was announced this thesis is called. well friends. at first, firewood mutated into coal, and coal, gas and oil. so let's take his next evolutionary leap and we'll be off to some unregulated or hydrocarbon free soon. so here are the basics ah the basics of modern energy. pay attention here in this wording, the word green or attitude to ecology is absent from the word completely pure water, an economic approach, then at the end of the last century the concept of green

economy appeared. and there actually was present, but the ecological context. yes, then came stalls protocol. the fifth year, in 2005 , the paris agreement appeared, they are already entirely about ecology, but in 2009 there was a third energy path. the so-called yes, and where , again, they rather talked about the economy than about the environment in this way. i think it would be, perhaps, mm. useful in terms of our discussion. still, keep in mind not only one focus called the environmental aspect, but also still the economic one, and then we will slightly expand the scope of our discussion. and well, that's what, the maneuver is called here here, yes, i understand some kind of positive energetic from the fact that the dollar is green ntv do not miss the events and people of the week on central television. you can now see german leopards and american bradleys up close and from all sides. and although the pentagon promises to send new equipment to kiev. the first

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super 60+ final super super. sunday at 22:20 on ntv a program about how science will change our lives in the next 10 years in 10 years, science will expose green energy, well, our expert professor kapustin does not believe in it to expose green energy. oh , how difficult the main obstacle. green energy costs much more. have you ever seen a capitalist somewhere who voluntarily agrees to share with their capitals. proponents of green energy argue that the main problem is traditional resources. this limited number of them is another argument that renewable

energy sources are inexhaustible and environmentally friendly. although this is not the case at all, in addition, green energy has recently become a political argument. yes, and just a fashion trend . surprisingly, for some reason , people trust girls more than the words of scientists. and no amount of research is stopping the proponents of the so-called green energy. but really, vyacheslav alexandrovich is already talking about kapustin, and andrey viktorovich was talking about the fact that green is not always about ecology. what do they understand today? specifically, under green energy, maybe there is some kind of list or list here? what is included in green energy. well, you know, there really is a huge confusion of concepts here, and everyone, probably, understands something of his own, even to a specialist. now, if i could drop it, special confusion, i'm just wondering, specially somewhere not, because there is a specialist to ask him to roughly write it down, but in his understanding, somewhere they refer

to the carbon book, where it was absolutely right to say renewable is to ask the politician he will have his own priorities, and so on and the arrangement will be a little different, but it is important to really understand. what is here? what? here? let's draw. yes? you know i'm always ready, of course. he said that a monstrous number of false houses are walking around the world, but the worst thing is that half of them are true. we are for the truth. yes, let's try figure out. well, what is green already said there about a felled tree. here there is a beautiful oak let's draw grass mushrooms there, well , mushrooms have their own energy there, and the trees went into firewood. we went to the people, by the way, slavery is all green - this is bio, it's the greenest, what is called, but it's really green, it really is, when we burn it all it's not a fact that yes that is, emissions, moreover, if

you count emissions and compare there with the same fossil fuels gas or even coal emissions, much more. yes, even more. so here is such a green renewable. well, farther there is sun, wind, very fashionable at present . there, the sun, geothermal panels, tidal energy and so on. in total it is a lot. here they are the sun, the wind, a good one. well it would seem good, really. here the energy comes and immediately we get what we need from it, but what are the problems. well, the first problem is that in order to build all this, you need to again spend energy, emissions, and so on, build it , bring it to service with hydro. we will go further now, we haven’t said yet, yes, for now sun, wind, geothermal, that is , such, that is, there are emissions in the process, well , the production of the installation, and probably, well, there is also a negative effect. uh, sunflower batteries, nothing grows. that is, if there

is a negative impact on, say, the soil , the environment, there are migratory birds flying. sometimes you need to stop, noise, it affects moles and so on. that is the impact on biodiversity. that is, it obviously also exists, then the issue of recycling panels. and so on, but the burial, in my opinion, was somehow watched with volodya burial e blades from windmills. these are huge fields. well, yes, but saving the panel is much more of a problem? just because of their composition. and, probably, the most serious thing about which little is said is that it needs to be balanced, that is, the sun and wind , as a rule, are in balance, then they do not coincide with the consumption balances, in order to balance this, you need to keep either reserve capacities. there's coal gas and so on. that is , it's just simple capacity, and hence the huge question for the economy and the sustainability of this system. this is the sun, the wind is further hydro. well

fine. here is the hydra dam where water flows. and what are the pros and cons. and well, plus, in principle, it is quite cost-effective, that is, the kapitsa are large near maxim's peak , and even in our country they can earn money right away. yes, and in our country you can see. for example, where there are hydras somewhere in irkutsk, the tariff for electricity is five times less than in moscow . that is, it's good. what are the disadvantages, but this is, firstly, a flood zone, that is, there is a violation, well, natural, as it were, of a habitat, animals are dying there plants and etc. secondly, you block the rivers. this ecosystem of regions will collapse there about the earthquake and other things. a lot of things have already been said, that is, here are the iconologists. they really don't like hydro. although it seems to many that this is just environmentally friendly, green and so on. that is, there are a lot of environmental problems here. let's go further there atom, and they were talking about it now let's draw such a beautiful atom, and

what's the plus, what's the plus? well, the price and the fact that if the station was set up normally, it works for a long time. if minus, well, of course, there during production, certain emissions also exist there. well, this station has been standing in a modern station for 80 years, if it worked normally from the point of view of the economy and from the point of view of environmental emissions. well, this is probably the least of all that we are considering here further. well, let's say gas , that is, like this, gas is there, uh, let's start with gas. i won't even talk about coal and oil there, because gas is the purest of fossils. and here, by the way, it's funny just on the example of an atom and gas. that's just on our topic. look what has been happening for several years in the european union and about gas , whether it is good, it is environmentally friendly and as a transitional fuel, or not, they argue, well, they understand that there is no getting away from it, brother, in general it's funny two countries germany and france one premium decision to refuse , and another is at the heart of

the balance listening to french politicians. everything green is eco-friendly, we listen to german everything is bad. and let's just imagine that there was a high share in two countries, everything is there politicians were told that everything would be fine, all politicians would say that this is bad, that is, it is very manageable. and most importantly, finding the right balance to find this balance is, by the way, a little different. for each side. he is his own depending on the climate advertising ntv even a hero, why are you hiding from them? was 8 years old. look for so maybe you'll go, remind him of rumors. everything that he did can only be washed away with blood. he is dead,

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the science and us program is on air, a program about how science will change our lives, in the next 10 years, in 10 years, science will expose green energy andrey alexandrovich manual flashlight. here, i'll work with him a little bit, like, like a green energy , moreover, i also have a completely green energy. er, well, i need it. true energy help. here is our little one. well, i don’t know, here you are working quietly, quietly, quietly working, but not quite. what

technologies are used today in green energy and how green they really are. what do we have solar there? now, how green is it? well, it’s good to be more developed or less developed, having the prospect of being useful to a person or no? here you are now showing a flashlight. of course, you will not burn gas to get electricity to light the way in front of you, the whole issue of availability and energy of its convenience. its cost is the three main pillars on which this whole thing stands. green energy, which we defined today , is emission-free, renewable and like a third low carbon republic, right? this is the lot of rich countries. why do

we say? we need hydrogen, but in cities it is clear that we need cars, buses , transport must go on the road, but because what could torment people in a small town or in a village is absolutely necessary to have on the road. after all, this dangerous thing hydrogen is explosive, but it is even more terrible than explosives, so the commensurability of your desires and your capabilities. this is a very important thing when it comes to green energy. e for the last say 50 years. technologies for obtaining the so -called green way, that is, without emissions. well, frankly speaking, this question is about the sun, air, our water is better than hydro plants , wind farms and solar panels. all this issues of society and the state to create such an internally coordinated energy system so that different energy sources complement each other and create a higher standard of living for a person. solar, battery is

a wonderful thing, but you can imagine that it is one gigawatt of solar power . you need to cover an area of ​​20 m². 20 m². this is the case if you have a kium, the so-called utilization factor, of installed capacity of 100%. but in fact , it happens to be 30, so 60 m² is enough to get 1 gb of power. let's say atomic station. uh, why a nuclear power plant, because these are the most serious and powerful sources widely used throughout the world. it's 5-6 gb here. imagine that you need to cover 360 square kilometers unconditionally with one nuclear power plant, but you cannot put it in the mountains. you will not be able to serve, so these are flat areas. you can't do that efficiently at the equator because there's a very high temperature after sixty degrees o'clock, it melts. oh well, not that it melts, it stops emitting on

north, because i have half a year at night because of this, civilization is so low there that you have instead of one kilowatt per square meter, how will it be there on the equator? 100 here per square meter and 5% conversion efficiency. not 45, as they are now promising to do, there are even such records, but if you have a country house somewhere in sochi, then it prevents you from putting 10 m² and having a reliable kilowatt source, which, by the way, is not necessary to work all the time at home , you need an energy storage device and this energy, then you will use a feminine approach to energy. each technology must be washed yes. specify the technology its pros have its cons, or a gigantic territory, but on the other hand. before you recycle. that's all the materials, it doesn't have to be silicon. they don't have to be semiconductors. there are also hazardous materials,

heavy metals, and so on, the whole question, er, the physics of the process. and here i am anyway. remind who stood at the origins of solar energy, everyone from school knows the experiments, who discovered our russian scientist advice. well, she says that albert einstein received the prize in physics for a theoretical explanation. let's go further, the wonderful technology of windmills, but i don’t want to talk about it for a long time, i really like it, because one module is megawatts and , by the way, not a golden billion , and all 9 billion who live on earth. you need to build several tens of millions. such windmills. these are several tens of millions. she's not. that's beautiful, a picture of an 80m tower and a propeller. there spin around, put tens of millions, and then transfer this energy, and you will lose

30% because you have bad transfer technologies. a little more to say, it’s easier for me to turn on the gas, you have gas, if we have it, well, someone doesn’t have gas. that's why other options are the most promising from my point of view. not because i work in the mouth. i'm generally a physics experiment. in general, i saw the station for the first time about 10 years ago. well, i just happened to hit the first world in our area that's all, uh, i didn't take it seriously, but let's get back to physics again. let's get the numbers. let's see. here is the energy of one gram of uranium is equivalent to that of oil, well, or thousands of cubic meters of gas under normal conditions. if you manage to organize the process, so that all the heavy metal that you have extracted from the earth already and burn it all. then you will have enough of this fuel without extracting anything from

the earth for 5,000 years and now the question is what is 5,000 years in relation to our generation, is it a renewable source or not? yes, everything that beyond the horizon of a thousand years. we no longer know what will happen, but in the ground, by the way, there is about a million times more of this damage left if you manage to organize the burning of all the heavy metal . which work normally fast reactors and on which projects are underway to create a technology for the disposal of all heavy metal, including the transformers that are inside. it will also be green technology. that is, there is also no waste recycling recycle. how many agreed only and received, but it has the property of disintegration and everything will be fine. that is, this technology in 10 years will show the proof of the theorem, it is being implemented today. it's just that there is a project called. this is a fast closed

fuel cycle reactor, whenever you throw out the uranium that you throw away today or as the adversaries do, there are warheads for the projectile. yeah, instead of burning it this time, you, uh, turn it into fuel plutonium. and the next heavier element, and that's it. this but almost a perpetual motion machine is a technologist, so let's return to the future today, well, i haven't said its technology yet, all the last seconds. manages yes andrey alekseevich how much is it? and now andrey alexandrovich told us about the megawatt of five megawatts of six mw for nuclear energy at a nuclear power plant. how many gigawatt worlds do you need? mega water? yes how many worlds do you need? and i won’t even name how much of this this so-called one can cover. now she's green, i don't know what to call her these columns are green energy. yes, it's certainly an interesting question.

well, in general, when they ask, how much electricity does the world need now and how much will it need tomorrow? the answer is simple and much more. and tomorrow there will be even more. yes, because i somehow took an interest in hmm data, but now our population of the entire globe consumes about 160, tyrot. well, that is, these are gigawatts, multiplied by 1,000 , about 160 electricity, and only some 20 years ago 110. well, that is, here we are counting in 20 years, yes, plus 50% is now on top i’ll throw it on, but then the art of counting begins, because the entire western civilizational world. in fact, well, it has reached its limit of energy consumption. this is due to the development of energy saving technologies, and energy efficiency, on the one hand, and on the other hand, the slowdown in population growth, because yes directly correlated uh, so uh, data with each other on the other hand . we have an explosive growth

in energy consumption there in the same china in the non -east in southeast asia, and yes, yes, with in general, everything is interesting with africa, because africa is currently developing, but at a slow pace relative to the rest of the world. let's look at its lowest base in africa, on a per capita basis , consume 30 times less electricity than developed countries. uh, there in europe or in russia or in the united states of america 30 times. it is interesting that, on average, one inhabitant of the african continent consumes three times less electricity than in europe consumes three times less in total in 800 in napoleonic times. yes therefore, africa will grow, then, of course, the effect is low, while africa is the greenest, because there are the most friends green statistics consume electronic ones the least and in this sense it is definitely necessary in the near future, and not at the expense of the developed countries of the world, definitely for

at the expense of developing countries to ensure that the very growth in energy consumption that will occur along with population growth , our population has not stopped and, along with economic development, due to which even without the green agenda, about which i still i will say at the second step, but i am still not a supporter. uh, green tech just because i see climate change and i think it's a sin. it's easy not to notice, but definitely. let's then look at the method of elimination, and with what technologies we can, and the very geth, which is right in front of us in full growth, should not be closed. well , of course, and there he said a lot of things about the fact that nuclear energy for all the complexity of this technology, of course, the technologies are complex and require a certain attitude to this technology, of course they will accept to receive their very large share. yes, in the energy balance of tomorrow. undoubtedly. the so-called renewable energy sources. this means both the sun and the wind are definitely hydra energy. yes, in africa what kind of hydra is still

being built in ethiopia, one of the largest hydroelectric power plants in the world is a bezu. this hydro potential of africa is not the same as our siberia, but there is something to plug in. well, of course , fossil energy sources will take some share, but taking into account the growing energy consumption. they will definitely narrow down. i would still like to fix my position here in our conversation, as it seems to me, there are two trends. they in this case look like a compass needle in about the same direction on one side. well, it's not an empty phrase for me. it's still green technology. green energy for sure. there are big speculations about the anthropogenic factor. he eats it. no, it still needs to be taken into account , or these are still some fluctuations. i still personally, yes, i am in the position that not without a person. everything worked out here, but important here regardless of whether we are on the green agenda. not on the green agenda for sure. there is a challenge called the limited hydrocarbon base. yes, and it is the second factor that is unshakable, and it certainly pushes us. more and more we

use the so-called green square term that has emerged. 2 years ago a square is that a green square is four non-carbon energy sources, yes, which do not depend on a sun, wind, hydra energy, and an atom. well, this is actually. yes, all types, the energy of which is absent chemical reaction of combustion. as such, in this sense, they also withstand the requirements of the green agenda. here, i mean, they do not emit collar gases, and they do not emit the same nitric oxide, from which we also do not go anywhere. yes , i would like to leave very much, but on the other hand, he answers. well, some kind of economic bandage and tomorrow's agenda. energetic in general, very discussion. let's take a break advertising on ntv that we have here working days drugs the corpse of this glass and judging by it belongs to kopylov, here he is i ordered myself, they cook food in a pizzeria and graze drugs, and the delivery men

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10 years, in 10 years science will expose green energy, but really, who then benefits from injecting the whole world into green energy, well, or pseudo-green energy. yes, here is a green square to thank. there is a very obvious factor here, which is connected on with the economy, once, for example, there was expensive gas. that was the period, of course, all banks and financial organizations. released immediately. well, because everyone considers the economy and already alternative energy. with expensive gas, it becomes cheaper and plus there is no risk of supply. that is, the risk-takers immediately say, give the money in the green. and as soon as we have a cheaper economy immediately, another everyone says. let's see what is more profitable, the risks or the price here , the economic question plays a key role, but also, of course, energy security, which many countries stick to trying as well

to maintain their own balance. we are a happy country in which this resource is practically unlimited. well, andrey viktorovich do people really believe in let's not talk about the green square. the so-called pseudo green energy. it is wind gas, but only because it is cost-effective and it is inexhaustible. so katya to you, as the girls will say, firstly, it's beautiful. i 'll be honest, i'll be honest, i, uh, let me just i'm just yes, i, for example, for example, yes, i think that 's enough. is it efficient i think i'm already tired of rusatom, which i represent here relatively recently entered such a new area for itself as the construction of wind and power plants, and i saw our new wind farm in the stavropol territory in the first place. it's beautiful i'll tell you honestly the wind park is just because it's beautiful not. or, for example, i absolutely recently went to the nuclear power plant, which rusatom

is building in turkey, for work, there was a ceremony for the delivery of fresh nuclear fuel. this station will be finished with mirrored panels, and here are the vaults of fresh fuel videos. it already is a mirror cube. i will tell you absolutely for sure, in general, any. there , the authority makes such an impression directly . this is when you understand, here in this cyclopean structure such power is concentrated, it's straight. and, if it is also a fantastic beautiful one. here is the official, most beautiful nuclear power plant in the world, which is currently under construction, and in the turkish republic. well, that is, once again, visually, this visual is beautiful. but on the other hand , you know colleagues, but about the effect here for me a very bright story, it’s our russian one and i witnessed it in the city of pevek , a floating nuclear power plant appeared, and before our appearance there there was a chaunskaya chp plant , the so-called forty-fourth year of production forty-fourth, not a single

overhaul. at least 19 at least 1900, 190, which i said, so there is no way back. no, no , there was such a torch, like american films about the wild west show, when there is such a straight black trail from the transport, and there is the same thing. this is weird to say when the city, which nine months of the year lives hmm in conditions. well snowdrifts . i would even say, yes, and the snow was by no means white, not white, and definitely one of the factors. i think that it is key, rather it comes first. it is not economic at all. and the fact that when he arrived, our station, there, suddenly white white snow appeared from here, uh? that same fourth energy transition from implementation, as we call them green here. and you can call them not green, but without hydrocarbon technology, of course. we can already see in in the world a number of hmm really positive developments in terms of kaleela. well, let's take china well, it is not by chance that he went in the direction of the development of the wind of the sun of the atom,

the hydroelectric power station already mentioned here three gorges is the largest hydroelectric power station in the world. because beijing is in vogue - it was a standard story, and one of spades. and the fact that china is quite visual with this. it is clear that history was able to cope well not completely, but partially cope through but the very new fourth energy transition is an absolute fact pevek, i told you, this an absolute fact and such very visual examples, one can speculate for a long time on the topic of the greenhouse effect and the non-conductive effect. but there are such visually understandable images, a visually understandable person. here, a person will not be told to him, we have reduced the content of oxide oxides of oxygen oxide by two percent. yes, two or two and a half. i don't have a percentage of those receptors, which, as it was said here. yes, i don’t see something, then, uh, i can’t relate to this, but there are certainly visual components and components from the point of view of health, yes which are already a number of countries. or maybe even a number of areas. uh , you’ll already feel our planet, but i have wait , wait, but by the way, i

have prepared, i also have absolutely green ones. yes? here is green energy. well, on a potato, well, you see, the clock does not work, the clock does not work, it does not work, if you see yes, look yes op they have earned everything, we have a finger there. no no nothing. this is not called potato, energy, there is potassium. i'll tell you more. although the nuclear decay of potassium in potatoes. in in principle, you can stick bananas into the same thing that you can do at all. uh, so that in general it is possible to extract energy not without harm to the environment. it's such an energy. eat. there is at least one type of energy, absolutely ideal, of course, no. yes, and in general the person lives. he does some harm in his life. he interacts with the environment, he is part of nature,

so you don’t have to try to create some kind of ideal here, you need to learn how to live harmoniously. just live in harmony with nature. here, uh, well, there are examples, for example, we need to extract oil there. let somewhere on the shelf you can get it, because here, for example. some companies in the caspian sea, when they clean up there, uh, the bottom of the sea and release sturgeon fry there , they will breed it harmoniously and such technologies of clean discharges are there so that nothing is removed, but harmoniously neat. and you can make it so that the entire water area there is filled with oil, emissions, and so on, pumped there, chemical and hydraulic fracturing, and the question here is, by the way, in terms of technology, the question is also. a technology can be developed. and you can just those that have to give the right hands. and then we will be able, well, how to develop normally, that is, we need it here. here is such a normal harmony between all this,

why is it necessary to differentiate in this harmony in this one? why a there are these pseudo-cologists of the country who are shouting: ban this, or ban this, put some windmills. well, they didn't work. so the only thing is absolutely accurate and correct. you are because dear guests, optimistic skeptics, i have all the questions for you. which most likely, in your opinion, science will still expose green energy in the next 10 years andrey alexandrovich let 's start acting with you, i have a forecast. i don't like the word expose. and what science will show humanity to the user to the authorities is very people. what is fantastic is that today they are talking about green energy and will show the right path of development, and this will happen with 100% probability in 9 years, when two serious projects are completed, both in the nuclear industry and in construction and

the first of france in kadash. when the possibility of energy amplification by controlled thermonuclear fusion is proven, by the way, our country will also participate as soon as thermonuclear fusion appears. everyone will stop believing. uh, windmills, solar panels, closing the fuel cycle in nuclear energy and a gigantic resource base that is incomparably larger than, uh, hydrocarbons and early successes. finally. the first successes in the management of fusion in 10 years will become clear to everyone that they need to move there for basic energy, because everything else is not basic energy. these are consumer energy, batteries and so on. in general, 100% thank you very much, for sure. of course, i really want to believe that everyone will listen to scientists, but i understand that there are lobbyists, there are politicians, and they all have a lot of money and a lot of other things behind them. that is why this whole

cohort, of course, will use what they conveniently and unfortunately, the voice of scientists will remain. well, somewhere in the articles and in many ways behind the scenes, and on the first line, what is called the famous magazines on television will come out. and unfortunately, well, he doesn’t believe that something and that is, it’s happening now and it’s unlikely that anything will change in 10 years, so 100% is not, that is, in general, or rather, you believe in energy, but i believe that scientists will say the right things, but i didn’t see that they will be allowed to e go to what is called, therefore, it will not expose zero percent 0. thank you. yes , i have a forecast that it is 80%, and i explain this by that now, just in 8 years , a huge number

of batteries will be retired somewhere, and windmills will be replaced by devices that will require disposal. and that's just the scientists here for those 2 years that will remain up to 10 years. they will just show what had to be done, how to do it and look for these solutions. so yes 80%. and they're just about to start dropping out. well, somewhere in eight years it was built. it’s still there, yes. 10 years ago, it’s just not there yet , these windmills have never been changed , but there was no mass existence of electric cars of batteries. and it’s just that somewhere in 7-8 years it will begin to decrease massively and it will be a poisoning challenge for the scientists in particular. how to dispose of it? en masse, many will be disappointed in the green 80%. thank you very much, as far as i understand, and today scientists

estimate the contribution of humanity to the accumulation of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere is about 10-15%. this is the same contribution. humanity is everything else. nature produces itself and i'll tell you honestly and based on those energy forecasts that i see, the expert smallest and largest, as it was rightly said, where the truth is somewhere in the middle and we are up to fiftieth year. and this is our century. yes , we will see, well, at least a two-fold increase in energy consumption, and thus the anthropogenic fact will also grow, which will no longer be ignored. in moscow, it will be 45 ° here, or what? and in this sense, i still look at how modern energy is developing and i understand that what we call green technologies here

is as inevitable as spring. that's it. yes, ah , definitely green technologies, the way we understand them. and now i'm talking exclusively about the wind about the sun definitely. uh, these relatively young industries are already facing some really big technological challenges right now. even now i am not talking about the fact that, of course, it all just drowned in some kind of political speculation. and a different interpretation in the newspapers. all this, to be honest, has little to do with the real economy, or with real technological challenges. yeah, that's what's on here today. there was, uh, it was mentioned multiple times. yes? that instability of production, brought to us by new sources of energy. yes, of course, this is a big problem for the operator's system; moreover, there is quite understandable. and e calculations, according to which if you have more than 30% in your energy balance along the sources road. it’s just that the entire ecosystem goes into imbalance, and the system operator will simply curse you, and here the question becomes. and how to accumulate, and there is still no answer to this question, but we

are moving forward. i still believe in progress i believe in the best bright future optimism. yes so i still, and then science is necessary, of course, but you also mean bureaucrats, they are still optimistic. yes? uh-huh with optimism with optimism and probability. well, 30%, here it is. here, well, yes, i'm for my interest. thank you very much 52.5 in our favor. yes, andrey alexandrovich calculated faster than me, and the hair with a probability of 52.5%, and science will expose green energy. in fact, what i don’t understand today is that for a long time , of course, the real green was blocked - in general, it’s not even the sun, it’s not the wind, you can’t have any separately or your potatoes. well, not i know the watch, green - it was an ansirovannoe that cares.