come on, da himself wants to be punished, to the full extent of the law is commendable. where were they hiding?

a small private house on the island of kodiak alaska over the course of the stars and stripes inside no, no, and russian speech will sound. steamboat yes, somewhere on the wall there is a photograph of the head of the family. just a couple of days, how to get out of the hospital still on the old man’s oxygen tank, in our passport it’s written aleksey chichinov and you don’t seem to think anything unique, a russian surname in the country

of emigrants, but aleksey alekseevich insists, that he is a native of alaska. my father is russian in childhood. i often went there with my father. his distant ancestor, the chichens, sailed here at the end of the 18th century long before russian america was sold to the americans, so for alexei alekseevich , it’s the united states that came in large numbers, and he’s here local you will soon be late for me. and i say i forgot. now, if we now drank a glass of vodka, then i would sing you more than one song in russian.

in this acute-angled building of the main headquarters in the 19th century there was the ministry of foreign it was here that in 1857 a letter arrived from nice from the grand duke constantine, brother alexander ii, the letter was addressed to the minister. gorchakova, while resting on the azure coast , konstantin writes to me, the thought came to me that we should use the current surplus of money in the treasury of the north american united states and sell them our north american colonies. this is the first proposal on paper. konstantin's letter is still kept in the archive of the foreign policy of the russian empire, as thin as tissue paper in

the last lines of the grand duke asks the minister. gorchakova to show this letter to emperor alexander ii after reading with his own hand puts a resolution, this thought is worth considering. they thought for 10 years, but it was at that moment on the other side of the globe that the fate of the easternmost outskirts of the russian empire, where not members of the tsarist government were not great, was sealed. prince konstantin is not really, especially alexander ii has never even been. you can say without looking, they sold 10% of the empire, it's like six great britain or three spain alaska - the most a large american state, and even 150 years after its sale, this page of history is shrouded in myths and secrets. why were the sales negotiations conducted in secret, where is the money paid by the americans, and finally? why did they sell russian america and say goodbye to the continent?

lord commander, the current from the east has brought messengers from the american continent to our board. autumn will remain sooner than we reach america, the pioneers cut through. vitus bering and aleksey chirikov final map of the second kamchatka expedition led by bering, but rather conditional schematic , very much because the islands yes, here we already have an american coast. although it is not here, the great land at the end of the 18th century, the russians began to call the entire northwestern tip of america that russian america was written on the maps of that time, they hurried to take advantage of siberian and far eastern merchants one after another from

kamchatka dozens of fishing expeditions set off to the east, following the sea ​​animals fleeing from extermination. they keep moving along american coast from the diary of james cook, russians live on all the main islands between umalashka and kamchatka and are here for the purpose of mining furs, in turn, they always sought overseas beaver for one skin in those days you could get sauce, for which an ordinary person would have to work a whole a year to come here for the extraction of this type of kushnina, it was an incredibly profitable business for russian merchants to be seized by a real ear fever. the case was dangerous ships. often did not return from campaigns. but if someone managed to hold out in this business for several years, he became a very influential and wealthy person. siberian merchants,

when they came to st. petersburg to sell american furs, stopped here on the millionth street a stone's throw away, only high society, aristocrats live around it. visiting foreigners admire. this is one of the best streets in the city, so here are the merchants, shelekhov, mylnikovy swan-layers. could afford not only to live here, but even to rent a house on the millionth entirely. in the unfolding struggle for the american soft gold was won by those who were the first to come up with the idea not just to go on expeditions across the ocean, but to establish villages and fortresses on the shores and islands of the americans, the most far-sighted businessmen turned out to be the merchants

ivane mikhail golikova and grigory shelekhov, their trading and fishing company. as a result , it will force out other competitors from the market. shelekhov's golikov's idea is elementary. she is brilliant. it's just that permanent settlements are formed on the lands of america. and in general everything, and the bottom line is that what industrialists after completion. here is the collection here these skins, they continue to hunt them, as they said then, and remain in these places , and then the ship takes them in a few years . this reduces costs, reduces logistics, and therefore, of course, it is much more profitable in the first place. ceremonial portrait of grigory shelekhov camisole wig rather an aristocrat than a merchant from irkutsk he personally equipped his first expedition to america and participated in it together with his wife natalya and two sons, two daughters left at home in order for the expedition to take place shelekhov

made friends with a wealthy ural industrialist , the owner of iron and media smelting enterprises, and took a hard-earned sum from him into the house. as a result, shelley decided to build three ships. this is a sailing map of grigory ivanovich shelekhov, uh, a very good map and very detailed dwellings at all. e, so to speak, e those islands of these territories that he dug in copper boards on which it was written that the land of russian ownership. he took upon himself this courage. this is how to enlarge. yes, yes, shelekhov died a fabulously rich man and a silver sword on the belt, a gift from catherine ii, is the greatest honor for a merchant, because before him only nobles were marked with such high signs of attention. even in the era of

transatlantic flights to get to alaska. not just 200 years ago , merchant expeditions could last 6-8 10 years, first with convoys across siberia, then by ships by sea with intermediate winterings, and finally , the extraction of furs and food preparation on the way back. again, with wintering , then go on a trip to america. it’s not like today, not even to fly to the moon to mars, and therefore grigory shelekhov, who founded the first russian settlements here. this is our elon musk of the 18th century. from a letter from shelekhov to baranov , it is incomparably better to start a permanent russian dwelling on hardened land, and by the way, for political reasons known to you, they should have tried

to occupy hardened land rather than islands. the first russian settlement on hardened land, that is , directly on the mainland, was located next to this foggy mouth of the river, the settlement, of course, did not survive. it is now a historical reserve. this place is called old harbor in a narrow river. behind us the first settlers were growing hay for livestock animals had some meat and milk. it was supposed only to people privileged children. these russians were remarkably hardy people. they had to get used to this very strange unfamiliar place. they go here often. rains, on the one hand it’s not very cold, but on the other hand, you always have to be prepared for sudden severe frosts and the russian

colonists brought finnish carpenters to build good log huts. the little that survived from the first russian settlements. now you can see in the vancourage museum in the laboratory there is a special section where they study the finds made by archaeologists. these are the beads that the russians brought to exchange with the local indians. although in fact they are from china from chinese glass factories. such beads were very much appreciated by the indigenous people. they were used for embroidery and decoration of clothes and for russian colonists. it was profitable in china, they were inexpensive and it was not difficult to introduce such goods to alaska. and here are some more interesting items russians smelted iron from ore, to make tools and all they

needed to build houses or repair ships was, for example, iron nails. previously , of course, he had tools for the inhabitants so that they could not use them, as the russians were very afraid of weapons. and these fears were not unfounded. unlike the eleuts on the islands , the klinkites met the russians on the continent with hostility and full armour. such armor didn’t even pierce them at that time, bullets not to mention spears and some kind of metal daggers, of course i i understand, in general, how would the surprise move, in all this is quite difficult. and, if i imagine the surprise of these russian

men, for example, who were attacked by a detachment of such people, but, nevertheless, they fired at them with weapons and continued to move on. the colonists have happened throughout the history of russian america. the dirty tricks against the russians, as they wrote in reports to st. petersburg , were sometimes absolutely selfish in nature, so that the stolen furs, fish or firewood, would then be sold again to the colonists. for our share always fell out to be the first to meet the arriving foreigners, the tribes lived on this land long before the arrival, any expeditions and naturally wanted this land to continue to belong only to him. and only after the sale of alaska and the beginning of american colonization, the klinkits buried the hatchet and forgot past grievances against the russians. even the most irreconcilable preferred to be baptized into orthodoxy in order to receive at least some

protection from the americans from the russian orthodox church. by the way, my mother was a full-blooded klinkit woman, but she said that in one of my ancestors had russian blood. so it turns out, and i have russian roots. despite the difficulties and dangers that lay in wait for the first colonists, the idea of ​​grigory shelekhov to gain a foothold on the american continent justified the company went uphill, the colonists settled down on new lands from george vancouver's logbook. the russians very easily accept the custom of the natives , and in many respects come very close to their customs. they have taken their food and clothing completely, and in appearance differ very little from natural inhabitants. meanwhile

, discontent grew in petersburg. scattered fur artels. in alaska it was impossible to control others, merchants. managed to hide income and not pay taxes. what is happening in one region, what is happening in another, in order to restore order , paul the first in 1799 signs a decree on the creation of a russian-american company in the image of the british ostendey , shelekhov's company received exclusive privileges for russian america. society under the highest patronage of his imperial majesty. and as they would say today, the first natural monopoly, in fact

, a huge newfound part of the empire was given into private hands for management in russian america, even their own money is printed. colonial stamps on seal skin , an american company opened a whole era in russian entrepreneurship. it was the prototype of the largest natural monopolies, which will be dispelled already later in the twentieth century by a company that combined the functions and state government in it was the same time. long before oil and gold were found here, alaska opened up with a real russian fur klondike of furs. here is the main raw material resource of the russian-american company, the animal is beaten both on land and at sea, the skins are sent to st. petersburg and for export to new york and shanghai where mink is exchanged for green tea arctic fox sable wolf and bear and the most expensive fur

of halan or sea beaver . the sea beaver is a funny-looking animal that can break mollusk shells on a cobblestone. on the belly, his fur is famous for its unique density and with a density of 45,000 hairs per square centimeter in st. petersburg, the price of one skin reached 200 rubles. for comparison, a cow cost 10, fur production was carried out by the indigenous population, mainly aleut, an employee of a russian american company was responsible for management. this is the purchase of the skin of the natives at established rates, the storage and transportation of goods to the metropolis or for export, russian fishers really forced the indigenous peoples of men to hunt sea beavers, women to cook food, dry fish and harvest other products for russian colonists. at

the beginning of colonization, the russians even faced resistance. tribes, and vice versa , real battles took place, then when the russian-american company was created, special labor rules were introduced and responsibilities were distributed, however, both men and women from the local population. they were still obliged to work for the colonists. it must be remembered that serfdom existed in russia . and actually this model. it was to some extent transferred to the aleutian islands and on the line. naturally, fierce and other natives. they were not serfs ; no one interfered with their personal freedom. well, they were obliged, in the season from may to june. there, visitors october to indulge in sea ferry and give away skins accordingly. marine animals russian-american companies at

the prices that the russian american companies set and nonetheless. in contrast to the american development of the wild west, british colonization in africa and asia , the russian empire expanded to the east without wars of conquest and extermination of the indigenous population, the russian colonists needed not the earth, but working hands, the goal of the physical destruction of the natives. she was never placed before. by whom, on the contrary, it was forbidden, the conquerors of the undeveloped territories in st. petersburg were ordered not to repair food and grub supplies, or to arbitrarily steal and robbery and not to take away quarrels and fights, and thus in the confusion of local not to produce peoples russia was not so much an aggressive empire. how much is it in general in significant degree carried enlightening ideas, despite

the harshness of imperial influence. the first library in alaska was russian on the ships of lisyansky was delivered quite were delivered were delivered, so to speak, orthodox priests russia largely enlightened and ennobled those territories where did it enter? in the kunstkamera founded by peter the first, one can still see exhibits, outlandish masks brought from the first american expeditions, waterproof raincoats from whale intestines , wooden headdresses of the aleuts and ingenious weapon for hunting sea otters. here is the tip of the harpoon, which was not attached to the head of the shaft, respectively , the tip has a long cord phew, which is made of tendons. this cord was wrapped around even after the carbon got into the body of animals. here is the tip of his jagged special, he got stuck inside the body under the skin from dripka, but as a sex, being

in the absolute minority of the colonists, in relations with the indigenous population, the rulers of russian america tried to act carefully and delicately. welcomed mixed marriages between industrialists and aboen women. children in such families are crooked. in order to leaf through as a connecting link between foreigners and locals and for family ties to be truly strong, a church wedding is necessary, which means that priests are needed . these islands with their rocky shores, tall pines and climate. it even looks like alaska right here

now, even mobile internet and gps works, so it is difficult for a modern person to imagine. what courage it took to have in the eighteenth century to go from here to the other end of the world, where everything is the nature of the beast people everything is different and the worst thing is no guarantee that you will get to america alive and even more so no certainty that you will ever return home. eight orthodox missionaries , strong in spirit and body , traveled from the island of valaam to the island of kodiak. for almost a year, the instruction of the holy synod obliged them to baptize without any coercion for in the early years, the missionaries converted several thousand local residents to orthodoxy. orthodox priests have made a lot of

efforts to create a more civilized society here. they treated the culture of the local peoples with understanding and respect, they strove to learn the language of the indians, and in this they were very different from the missionaries of other faiths who came here. later, on the contrary. they forbade speaking in their native language, they did not understand the symbolism of totems, the symbols of our clans perceived them as idolatry and all kinds of persecution. about 30 40 of my relatives and family members are buried in the cemetery. the mixture of orthodoxy with indian beliefs sometimes takes bizarre forms in alaska. this is

a tribal cemetery, and over the graves, instead of monuments, there are small wooden houses painted in bright colors. each clan has its own special colors. this seems strange, but the names on the graves of prokopiev fragments for the russian ear sound quite usual after the adoption of orthodoxy, the indians of the denines instead of cremation. they began to bury the dead in the ground. but at the same time we continue to believe that after death the spirit of a person makes the last journey on earth, as if anew, reliving his life, and so that these souls are not lost along the way and do not disturb us we erect on graves. small buildings of the house for the soul of the indians, the great-grandfather was

a shaman, but at the same time orthodox and was buried in the same cemetery. the people closest to me are buried. here they are my grandparents, my grandmother died in 2003, and we put this house on the grave. we used high quality metal materials for the roof good wood paint. we can say that even after 100 years. i hope so is our old church. of the first eight missionaries who sailed to alaska from valaam at the end of the 18th century , reverend herman lived here longer than others, and found rest on the spruce island, he built a shelter for orphans , helped the aleuts during the smallpox epidemic and did not shy away from simple work collecting mushrooms. caught

fish, prepared firewood. father. herman set up a garden where he grew potatoes, vegetables and sowed barley, fertilized the land with seaweed. in a huge wicker basket, which was difficult for one person to lift, he carried in the garden without outside help, really. now, of course, you can't tell. is this true, or was it attributed to gigantic power to its patron? this is the cross of st. herman. it weighs 30 pounds. the cross was given to him by his confessor on valaam. hey herman wore all his life under his clothes with a cassock the power of

st. herman now rests in this holy ascension church. in this parish. we hold services, mostly in english with a few splashes. church slavonic and aleutian usually gather from 70 to 100 parishioners for the service , the majority of believers in alaska remember st. herman as healers. and the wonderworker, for example, a well-known story, like st. herman with an icon in his hands. l high wave during a strong tide , but first of all they remember him and honor the good news of the orthodox faith. when i was baptized in the orthodox church, according to the calendar, they gave the name anastasia at the same time, i also have

a tlenkit name. i remember that grandfather had a portrait of the royal family in his office. russian diaspora. here in alaska, there has always been an attachment to russia as to the historical motherland, i have preserved a recording of my grandfather's voice, this song, which sings about russian industrialists , today his voice sounds like real magic to me. skinsky was blessed with brandy. now there is a theological seminary named after him anna valaame on one of the small islands, a few years ago they built a wooden church and monastic skids in his honor, and this is such a coincidence, if you look

on the map of the walandian archipelago, then this bayonian island, where a church was erected in honor of herman of alaska, is located in relation to the valaam monastery in the same way as alaska in relation to the russian empire, the most northeastern, ukraine ah, the last time this is a rarity taken out of the hermitage storage about 50 years ago , at least, none of the modern museum staff remembers that it was given to someone, as we were specially shown, the highest monastic mercy of alexander i at a time when all the russian merchant navy sailed under the tricolor of the russian-american company was granted its own special flag. under it , companies used to go here; it was supposed to be raised in the ports

of alaska if foreign ships appeared on the horizon, so that they could immediately see whose territory is the only surviving flag here. now the exhibits of the hermitage are so valuable that they don’t even give it to me in my hand from one and a half million square kilometers. russian america. only this panel 98 by 160 cm remained. having received a monopoly on the extraction of furs in alaska the russian american company is becoming , as they would say today, one of the largest taxpayers of the country's budget, the development of the company was facilitated by the first round-the-world voyage of ivan kruzenshtern and yuri lisensky. it’s impossible to figure it out with kruzenshtern’s ship’s log in catchy handwriting today, even a distant relative of the navigator needs to understand that commercial

economic ties weren’t quickly all effective until the first circumnavigation of the world, all the goods that were mined in alaska went a long way through the entire mighty russian empire. a the sea route opened up the possibility of transporting goods very quickly in less than one and a half to two years. as it happened before, a for 5-6 months. the fact that this building was the administrative center of all russian america. today only indirectly reminds. here is a memorial plaque to the decembrist kondraty fish. here it is written that he lived here, but in fact he worked here and headed the office of the company. now here the interior of the restaurant has changed over 150 years, of course, but the general layout. this enfilade has been preserved and

the color of the walls, ivory, they say, was same. after an unsuccessful uprising on senate square, ryleev comes to work in the office to destroy evidence and evidence of the connection of several company employees with the rebels in this fireplace, he burns documents and letters in which the conspirators discuss how they will develop the american colonies, including in california after overthrow of autocracy. as a consequence, it was the employees of the russian american company that were mentioned many times at some point, nikolai the first could not stand it from irritation, someone left you good the company gathered there ryleev became one of those five decembrists who were exiled, but hanged.

the claims of the decembrists from sink 72 to the tsar were practically in the nature of the russian empire, with its autocracy and serfdom, interfered with the development and development of alaska , it was very difficult to recruit people, as if they were vologda residents or vykhodtsev from the ryazan province or even a siberian, he was attached to these places, he managed to get a passport string for a certain number of years three five at most strength. after that, he is obliged to return back, and then also the russian-american companies put him on the hook, when alaska is not sold enough, they say, the russian population. and what is not enough if it was not allowed to do this being russian america and on the maps it is precisely that these lands did not become russian for more than 100 years from the moment they were discovered, even if the geographical atlases of that time became, without exaggeration, huge overseas possessions always somewhere. on the last pages with a brief annotation, the climate is cold, the soil is rocky, the main hunting ground.

the empire had neither the resources nor the desire somewhere beyond the boundless siberia to improve, and also overseas possessions. last but not least, it was this colonial tactic that determined the russian way of life in alaska for working people to settle down here. it made no sense to return after a few years anyway, and therefore, with such comfortable conditions with wooden furniture brought in. porcelain utensils, books such conditions could boast of, only clerical employees of the company and naval officers who lived in the capital of russian america, new arkhangelsk. now it is the american city of sitka. majority russian americans lived in barracks, barracks or cut-in huts with thatched roofs. and although at each hut, as it should be , a garden was cultivated. harvests were modest to grow wheat.

in alaska, it was useless to bring flour from russia and california, there was little bread, and it was very expensive from the diary of a naval officer nedelkovich, there is not even rye flour, an item that, in my opinion , is very necessary for a russian, especially a working person. only fish was in abundance, even dogs were fed at that time from russia, only 1-2 ships came a year with russians had to learn how to buy food from british merchants and american captains, or barter food from them.

rumors about gold found in alaska reached the united states almost simultaneously with st. petersburg, but the real scale of the deposits was then unknown, which , however, does not prevent historians from arguing whether they knew or not on the capitalist hill, that the purchase of alaska is an investment promising fabulous gold dividends but after these lands became american this is where the real gold rush began. do not miss the events and people of the week in the central television should at the july summit is again going to expand to the east. is it possible that the alliance's apartments in brussels can really have a ukrainian flag china is starting a new nuclear arms race. how will the balance of power change if , in addition to russia and the united states, a third nuclear superpower appears in the world, and why this

tripolar world can threaten the survival of all mankind, gender diversity is no joke. why are children in american and british schools require them to be considered not as boys, girls, or third-gender creatures, but as animals . welcome to the world. why do young people now dream of having not a new iphone, but wool paws, tail the secret of japanese longevity. what they didn’t look for, but maybe the secret is not at all in the unique japanese genes or fresh seafood, but ran with it an experiment that japanese government scientists have been doing for many years. years were set over their own people. this will be your central television today at 19:00 on ntv is just a holiday premiere today at 22:25 on ntv there are things that

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of course, all the years, it was hard work. there was no electricity yet, and the only available transport was the horses and rowing boats of the family, the coles, the current owners of the mine, but now the main profit is not from gold, but tourists buy a bucket of sand and, under the guidance of the hostess orlin, are looking for precious grains sparkling in the sun. first of all, we scoop up some water and shake it seriously in a circle at this moment the gold is sifted over the bottom of the plate, because gold is heavier than sand, then we lower the plate several times at an angle into the upper water a layer of sand and shake the plate again. well, and in the end, here i have it right here. no plate, there is quite a lot of gold left

, just like we are here or 150 years ago more than the american government paid for the purchase. in the russian american company , the news about the gold found in alaska caused concern at that time, it only promised problems to protect the borders of russian america , and there was no one who wanted to profit from the mines. it would be found in abundance both in america and in russia, i read several testimonies, in who claimed that the found gold was one of the reasons for the sale of alaska in st. petersburg preferred to make at least some profit instead of simply losing alaska in the event that

gold prospectors from canada and the united states suddenly poured into the deposits found there in huge numbers from canada and the united states alaska would simply be taken over by them. economically, the american company came to the scene in the forties of the xix century ; empire. quotations were published in the st. petersburg vedomosti. for example, a page from the issue dated december 24, 1841 , the cost of a share of a sheep breeding society in southern russia is 74 rubles. silver company paper-delivery manufactory 148 rub. silver russian-american company 229 rubles. silver is a lot of money, but willing to buy shares. here on the stock exchange there are enough of these securities. own. even members of the royal family are the best proof

of the reliability of investments. taste indicators did not reflect the imminent crisis against the backdrop of rapidly, in the spring of 1853, the governor-general of eastern siberia, nikolai muravyov amursky, made a disappointing forecast that with the invention and development of railways, the north american states would inevitably spread throughout the continent. from the letter of nikolai muravyov-amursky to nikolai, we cannot but bear in mind that sooner or later we will have to give in to them, our words of muravyov-amursky were confirmed in north american possessions and the foreign policy of washington, the fifth president, james monroe, in a message to congress, proclaimed the principle of america for

americans , the so-called monroe doctrine. . everyone was looking for an opportunity to build a more and more vast empire and the united states did not want to be at all. in the middle of a conflict between european powers, but i don't think so or otherwise, the monroe doctrine fixed the real state of affairs , the united states becomes the main player in the region at the beginning of the 19th century. they voluntarily forcibly increased their territory by more than two times, the americans are a unique nation. they practically ransomed into the country. they have such

a huge number of territories that for them the very fact of the bones of acquisition. something else was completely natural, and in this way they redeemed the continent for themselves, after all. look at the map there are friendly state variables america's canada is a contradiction, if that's what america is. as a matter of fact, the american states are alaska. and if they had not bought it, it would have been a large communal apartment. and so this is a large separate apartment among americans. the opinion that with new territories the country receives more resources, more wealth and more new opportunities, there were other reasons for the us relationship with england. for example, if we do not buy alaska, then this may make britain not the best development. from a talk by william henry

seward, looking to the northwest, i see a russian who is preoccupied with building settlements and fortifications on the extremities of this continent, like the outposts of st. petersburg, and i can say, keep building your outposts. along the entire coast even to the arctic ocean. they would nonetheless become outposts of my country property , monuments to the civilization of the united states in the northwest were few. unlike california or florida. alaska did not seem like such a profitable acquisition in those years , the idea was gaining popularity that america needed spread out from the sea, to the shining sea, that the united states has divine rights to the entire continent, surely siod had the same

mindset, he also believed in these patriotic slogans about divine right as any ordinary politician in st. petersburg closely followed the rounding of american states, as they wrote in diplomatic dispatches of that time, as opposed to the monroe doctrine, here was the doctrine of nicholas once the russian flag was raised. he shouldn't go down any more. the crimean war became an ordeal for the tsar and the russian flag. russia is actually in single-handedly opposed the ottoman french and british great britain tried to press russia and in north america the crimean war set up american colonies. in a difficult position, the navigation of merchant ships became extremely dangerous in 1855. the anglo-french

squadron approached the shores of the new arkhangelsk, the enemy believed that the russian navy was hiding in the harbor . he tried to convince the intruders that the military ships in the port no, no, there the warships believed the negotiator and handed over several english newspapers with news about the course of the crimean war. after that, the enemy squadron went back to sea. the losses of the russian colonies during the war years amounted to a little more than 130 thousand rubles ; the money for the company was insignificant; the reputational losses of the great prince konstantin, convincing alexander ii of the need to sell the colonies , would make the crimean campaign one of his main arguments, they say it is obvious that russia

unable to defend its possessions in north america, the argument seems to be quite controversial defense of petropavlovsk-kamchatka and the defense of the far eastern guns showed that during the crimean war, that russia could resist the powers that handle weapons in relation to russia, the crimean war was weakened. the abolition of serfdom undermined the old economic model. the empire is forced to take foreign loans from ugly children in such conditions selling alaska is becoming more and more tempting. in theory, i i think that they chose the lesser of two evils, because if they hadn’t sold, they would have lost it in some other way, because the energy human military and other resources to keep. it wasn't a huge area. and so it would have been lost. in addition, the russian-american company is experiencing financial difficulties. and even asking for loans from the state on the world

market for furs from russian america, competition begins to leave furs from canada prices falling. in addition, the quality of alaskan furs is noticeably worse. the problem of processing raw materials were already acute for the domestic manufacturer. in order to improve the financial situation of a russian american company, they even begin to sell ice to california in the winter. here, on this lake and stored in novoa arkhangelsk in three specially built tanks, they sold at $ 25 per ton. and since he harvested and stored one ton of ice, the colonies cost 2.5 dollars. the business was very profitable, especially the american partners. he himself was transported goods, ice was loaded onto ships and sent by ocean south to san francisco.

ice fishing did not last long at some point california stopped buying ice, the russian-american monopoly even tried to get off the fur needle and at some point turned into the main supplier of chinese tea, it is becoming an increasingly favorite drink in russia. tea of ​​elite grades, this is what distinguished the russian-american company from other active associations that took various types of tea, not from the russian american company, they took elite tea, so that in the famous painting by vasily perov tea drinking in mytishchi near moscow is a red-cheeked pop. most likely, he drinks tea brought by the russian-american company, and on the other side of the samovar. bring it boy. the abolition of serfdom did not bring prosperity, and a naked invalid. veteran of the crimean war, the same one that was one of the reasons to sell alaska. maybe stop

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waterfalls favorite songs used to stop by. yesterday, in silence, it dissolves without being excited, changing the whole world around, beloved, leading camlet mistress of the copper mountain malvina ah shrek and karabas-barabas rolled into one. all as we we all love a good mood and show, but just a holiday, some kind of holiday, guys. it's great when you want it, just a holiday today at 10:25 pm on ntv no broad debate whether to sell american colonies or not, only six people were dedicated to alexander ii grand duke konstantin foreign minister alexander

gorchakov. minister of finance, mikhail reuter , minister of marine nikolay and russian envoy to the usa eduard stapler. generally. it’s clear, after all, the fatherland was sold out and each of them had their own arguments for and there were very few arguments against everything that had to be decided at a joint meeting. a secret meeting was scheduled for one o'clock in the afternoon. the minister of gorchakov is ill, so alexander ii himself comes from the winter palace to the ministry of foreign affairs office apartments. gorchakova was on the second floor, the minutes of this meeting were either not preserved, or it was not at all in the memorial book of the diaries of alexander ii for this day on december 16, 1866, it was decided to sell only a short record on the case of the american company to the united states. at 2:00 p.m. the emperor already had the next event.

the russian envoy baron stele is instructed to conduct negotiations, he leaves for the united states with the task of officially initiating the deal with the americans, so that the russian empire. at least somehow saved face and sell alaska for no less than $5 million. perhaps the main argument. why alaska was sold names to the americans was that alexander ii hoped in this way to further upset relations between the united states and britain , which was beneficial for him, since he rightly considered great britain a rival of russia in the negotiations in washington the united states is represented by the same william henry seward, by this time already an experienced politician who became secretary of state in the administration of abraham lincoln, who led the country after the assassination of lincoln, vice president johnson is not popular in

international politics. with yord. it can be said to be manipulated by johnson who happened to be in power 150 years ago, the united states had just ended a civil war , rebuilt the south. everyone had the normalization of the situation on their minds. nobody really knew anything about the baluster, everyone thought that there was, only permafrost, few people imagined how rich alaska is in resources and minerals, baron glass manages to seem impossible under the conditions, when a gaping hole left by the civil war gapes in the american treasury, he bargains with the secretary of state from jordan not five but 7 million 200,000 dollars in washington was in this building encrypted in st. petersburg baron glass sent using innovative technology of the nineteenth century on the route

of the atlantic telegraph, cable, laid across the ocean just a year before the sale of alaska for approximately 270 words. the russian envoy will pay 10,000 dollars in gold. astronomical sum by today's standards. this is approximately 600.000. greens can be said to be the most expensive international roaming in the history of patriotic diplomacy. this is the same telegram deciphered text in french alaska sold within the borders of 1825, orthodox churches remain the property of the parishes, russian troops are withdrawn as soon as possible, the inhabitants of the colony can stay and enjoy all the rights of american citizens. minister. gorchakov, preparing a response message general meaning agree resolution of alexander ii to be, therefore, then the degree receives confirmation of st. petersburg. immediately sent to the steward to

the secretary of state. it's also late at night. he finds the secretary of state close the cards. what does he do, he leaves the cards and says. why wait? let's do it immediately. to which the dead of night does not object, how do we do it? with a smile , everything objects to him, if you gather your people immediately, and i will gather mine. despite the late hour, the secretary of state gives ordering his subordinates to urgently report to work from different parts of washington , carriages were pulled to the state department such a rush looks strange, like a secretary of state. did you want to quickly put an end to the protracted case, or was he afraid that the russians would change their minds?

these townhouses are now where the state department used to be, but the lights in the windows were on in the same way back then. the diplomats worked all night once again agreed on the text of the document, the agreement on the sale of alaska was signed at 4:00 in the morning. most likely and seals the historical moment the artist emailed in the same year depicted in the painting the signing of the agreement on the sale of alaska in the chair of the secretary of state at the globe russian envoy just a few days after the signing of the agreement, the petersburg newspaper golos publishes a telegram from new york, received via the atlantic telegraph the united states bought russian-american possessions for 7 million dollars and, as if, emphasizing the dubiousness of this news about the editorial office, will leave a question mark at the end of the message in brackets

. the official winter kept silent enemies russia in europe gloated in the sale of alaska, a sign of weakness dissatisfied, london , the british colonies were in the grip of the americans and even in washington . here is leslie's newspaper , up to the last page, a caricature with a mocking caption the king of india and his friend billy, meaning the presidents and guests are dragging a piece of russian ice to cool the majority in congress. and if you look closely in the background there is another one a male figure with a smirk on his face and a large bag of money in the hands of alexander ii, apparently a reel. we put the film on the axis, stretch

it under the frame and clamp the end of the film, wind it on the second coil, rotate the lens to set the focus and use the handle to rewind the film to the place you need. newspaper files of that time in the library of congress are now stored on tapes with a typical headline that we will make baby bears to me icebergs of the eskimos on your ship and russian ointment to the sore spot of the president. it's to calm him down a bit a polling station in the snow district and finally. our new senator spent over

$100,000 bribing a newspaper editor-in-chief and a mostly politician senator and congressman. such things were not unheard of in those days, corruption flourished and that was how business was done then. whether it shocks me that bribery was used to convince citizens and politicians in favor of the acquisition of alaska, if it was so, it does not surprise me at all. in st. petersburg , meanwhile, there is still no clarity in patriotic circles, intellectuals cannot believe that this is true land discovered by russian pioneers, where the map is covered with the names of travelers, sailors and our rulers secretly sold for the state offensively. we do not know where such rumors come from and for what purpose they are spreading, but one thing is certain, that, despite its obvious improbability. they deeply upset all

truly russian people, even in the board of the russian american company they learned about the sale of alaska only after 2 months they put before a fact issued by the state monopoly the sale agreement will not be officially extended in russia only a year later , the result is only for internal use in the collection of documents of the ministry of foreign affairs in french. in the summer of the same year in washington, the parties exchanged instruments of ratification. document signed by alexander ii. now stored in the us national archives, this so-called exchange agreement russia transferred it to the united states and received a similar document signed by the president. treaty corduroy cover ribbon with tassel inside

contains words confirming the consent of the tsar, and also repeats the text of the agreement drawn up with the jord of stalin in english and french, and only the final paragraph on behalf of alexander in russian, promising our heirs and successors for us with our imperial word , that everything in the aforementioned agreement , what is stipulated, what is observed, what is performed will not be violated. niya transfer of alaska and the americans took place in the autumn for the inhabitants of russian america. it came as a tragic surprise. in october of that year american ships sailed here with one to two hundred soldiers russian soldiers there were about a hundred they went up to the russian fort there and the ceremony was held. from diary

of a sergeant, edwin's 9th infantry every single one of them behaves as if they were attending a king's funeral, the few of them who are not busy packing their belongings. after all, they are all preparing to leave for russia, wandering the streets in a depressed mood. even today, alaska, the most sparsely populated american state in a gigantic area, is inhabited by only 700,000 human. and now compare russian america at the time of the sale was inhabited by 800 people of russian subjects baptized into orthodoxy aleuts, indians russified descendants from mixed marriages 12,000 people. and although all russian citizens were given the opportunity to stay and receive the status of american citizens , only a few families took advantage of this right , one very elderly person still lives. whose grandmother

was the last living witness to the ceremony of transferring alaska to the united states you and she could not understand why the russian settlers in the time of this ceremony were so sad. why could not she understand, because such a beautiful american flag was hoisted on a pole. she didn't understand, she was a mixed baby, creole, now october 18th. here they celebrate alaska day with a typical american parade on the main street, leading to an orthodox church, police, a coast guard fire ambulance and even a marshal from the reserve electricians and special vehicles from the airport are all going to work. rainy weather is no problem. and how not to come, if almost every second person who participates in the parade, you know personally and every year on that same hill, repeats the same ceremony on the one hand, conditional russians dressed in the fashion of the tourist arbat, on the other

, the americans lower the tricolor with a double-headed eagle, raise it. yut in star-striped and here again, just like 150 years ago , the russian flag clings to the flagpole , it is not possible to lower it on the first attempt. during my childhood, our communication took place in the church and it is sad to see that this ceases to be one of the main traditions in modern society. this is part of our history gradually dissolves into the past and disappears. i would like to say something positive, but now we are left with only dear, few muscovites, russians of a bygone life. they brought with them their culture , their food, their customs, their hospitality and their morality with the help of the orthodox clergy, and

that’s it. it is still possible to meet here and today many families with russian roots with russian surnames. all population, kodiak islands. she got married a long time ago and one way or another she belongs to each other. so we can say that everyone here has russian roots. at christmas here we have a big trouble, my wife and i have seven children, 37 more grandchildren, great-grandchildren and one prank. i know they exist by name. the russian envoy eduard stekel, who was read for gold in alaska, was able to receive only a year after the sale of the colony a receipt for 7 million 200,000 dollars, literally from the full 200,000 million dollars covered with clerical notes. this is still much or little debated. since there are several formulas for converting this amount into

modern equivalents, if we start from the cost of the precious metal, we get only 440 million modern dollars , but if we take american gdp as a basis, then the amount paid for alaska today would be 16 billion. the check for the purchase of alaska as a payment document existed in a single copy and the fact that it now stored in the national archives of the united states and it has the signature of the baron on the glass means only one person was cashed and the money for alaska received. despite this, for a long time there was a persistent myth that russia did not receive the money, supposedly the ship carrying the gold sank, but in fact there was no gold on it. and it was a cunning fraud or that the money was in the pocket or prince konstantin and officials, but a few years ago this receipt was found in the archives, and the money received for the north american colonies

in terms of rubles came out 11 million 362.000. and with the money they bought supplies for the railways. it turns out that the money for alaska did not reach russia almost immediately after getting there in europe and spent what kind of accessories they were for the railways, now you won’t find out, but it’s not a sleeper . we bought from them, apparently, something innovative after saying goodbye to the american continent. the empire focused on the development of the far east and directly. well , i got a promising friend in the person of the usa and how everything went on there turned out to be another conversation. well, next time you make tea. remember that the tradition of tea drinking in our country arose not least thanks to a russian american company. well, it turns out thanks to alaska

it was hot became life-threatening a new turn of the riots in france plans just space. what did vladimir putin and yuri borisov talk about, well, as well as tourism without borders. what programs are offered for low mobility citizens? this is the program today in the dmitry factory studio. hello 45.000 police special squads, gendarmerie special forces armored vehicles on the streets and the floor.