[000:00:00;00] in this area, i also very often scolded meteorologists when i came to work here, sometimes i scold more often, but for other reasons , then as for the forecast, look, if 20 years ago at the beginning of the century, the forecast was accurate for three days, let’s say it’s 85-90%, but now the forecast has such accuracy for almost 10 days, yeah. and the first day, the first second, the third day, well, in fact it’s 100%, well, if this is a forecast from roshydromet, and if this is a forecast from roshydromet, yes, and if it’s third-party manufacturers, well, third-party manufacturers, as a rule, they try to use our information, but still, every producer of information naturally tries to make forecasts, here it all depends on the methods of forecasting, on the software that is used, well, if

the software that i use... the hydraulic center of russia costs a little tens of millions of euros, then probably a third-party manufacturer will not be able to afford such software, afford to use a supercomputer for forecasting, well, that’s why those mathematical the models they use, well, their accuracy in forecasting is naturally a little lower, and there’s another question, the question of responsibility , roshydromet has criminal liability, any other forecaster, well, well, in general , responsibility is probably only to their listeners, readers, therefore the forecast from the first rust is roshydromet, please use it. igor anich, thank you very much

for the conversation. thanks a lot. hello, it’s a decade of science and technology in russia. ntv television company and state corporation rosatom present a program: science and we are a program about how science will change our lives in the next 10 years, i am vladimir antokhin, yakaterina shugaeva, in 10 years science will end the era of megacities, everyone will move to the village, i would like to add, well, let's see, i invited optimists. believes that in 10 years science will really complete the era of megacities, this is oleg boevsky , urban planner, honored architect of the russian federation, good evening, and alexander karasov, clinical laboratory diagnostics doctor, hello, good evening, i have a traditions, visiting skeptics, this is nina rusanova, demographer, good evening, and dmitry grishin, digital transformation specialist, good, good evening, at the end of the program our guests are optimists, they will make a forecast about the

probability of science in 10 years. will end the era of megacities; our expert, professor kapustin, will talk about the history of the emergence of cities. initially, our ancient ancestors led a mostly wandering lifestyle, their families were small, usually no more than a couple of dozen fellow tribesmen. there were such groups very mobile, easily moved from place to place in search of food, and were mainly engaged in gathering and hunting. when the food ran out, the entire tribe... easily moved to a new place. everything changed when people switched from hunting and gathering to agriculture, people stopped wandering, settled down, and labor productivity increased significantly. commodity exchange began, the first bazaars appeared, bazaars demanded protection from robbers, stone walls appeared, and cities arose. argos mycenaean civilization

arose 700 years ago, egyptian crocodilopolis 500 years ago, people lived in damascus back in the tenth millennium bc. on the territory of our country, the oldest settlement is arkaim, its age is about 400 years, derbent and kirch are more than 2,000 years old. i have a question for you, where would you like to live, in a city or a village? to answer honestly, well, i would like to say yes, but i would like to say no, well, i am a completely city dweller, of course, in general , very, very urban, but at the same time , i spend every vacation in some kind of wooden house, like suzdal in plyos, because i don’t really know, these fields and climbs are very beautiful to me, of course, but it’s more convenient to live, to be honest, in the city, and for you , you know, it’s like - the village where

onegin was bored was a nice little corner, i’m like that too uh, in the city, because i like the infrastructure, the pace, uh, the opportunities, but on the other hand, sometimes i really want to be bored, i really want to, and what else did the connection not work there, when did cities begin to emerge, why? well, when it’s already been said, and then it’s probably worth paying attention, it’s not known for sure, some there were, there is evidence that two of them already existed there 3,000 years ago, but we can say that they arose when the need for them arose, when it turned out that this rural settlement, where they grow everything for themselves, there they eat, and then go to another place , and not... enough, then some other form appeared, if so scientifically, the territorial organization of society, the settlement system subsequently became this concept, in which this this this appeared

a settlement where people do not engage agricultural labor, that is, some kind of industry arose, which is now called city-forming or even environment-forming, but the point is that it is , of course, not agricultural, first, it was when crafts separated from agriculture, then these appeared -craft settlements, and then they were supplemented by settlements serving some kind of settlements, well, as it was quite correctly said here, protection was required, so pay attention, in every ancient city there is such a high fortress wall, yes, well, that’s it who had enough capabilities for anything, but the fact is that these game-forming functions , i will call them that, they expanded, but remember, the first cities, ancient greek cities, city policies, this is generally a very interesting phenomenon, because it would seem well, what are these people doing there, like both the city and the state

, and this was due to the fact that there was slavery at that time , there were slave owners there, they looked after the city itself, and what was produced there in the agricultural sector outside... the city, yes, they were other people, there was no need in general, to keep track of this, well, that’s a separate story, basically, of course, cities began to emerge in large numbers during the period of development, the rapid development of trade, when there was a surplus of natural economy, it was necessary to change them somewhere, so the first cities arose either where there were convenient transport routes, or you can see it even by the names, but they dragged the drags along the floors there because it was convenient. or it was just some shopping places like torzhok and torzhok and everyone knows the city of the tver region or even

for example, the city of dushanbestan, who knows how it is translated, you probably know, yes, it’s monday because it means somehow there’s a market on mondays, so everything was connected with this , well, then here’s the city of azbest in the urals, somehow it’s a stone kudelka before that azbest in the local dialect is called a stone kudelka this is how the settlement was named , that is, what was the reason for the creation of a non-agricultural settlement there was the basis of the city, dmitry valerievich, but of course, there is a difference between the city and the city, so if we are talking about megacities, the first thing that probably comes to mind is just like ancient rome, it’s not just a city at all, it’s a megapolis, there were some other megacities that were so huge and how they were structured, and some kind of their own specific structure it was for this trade. you know, in any case, all the cities that existed, in fact, they were built around some kind of resources, and resources, administrative, for example, yes, administrative, where power is concentrated,

where it is concentrated, and security, where justice is concentrated, behind which people seem to be drawn, it was built around them as soon as the administrative resource gained momentum, trade was pulled up, if there was a geographical location... funding, finance, did not allow it to be pulled up to it , i understand correctly, in order to have a metropolis, it is necessary first was there to be a state? and an interesting question, for the most part, as soon as we have some administrative levers of interaction between citizens, of course, how, that is, we can talk about the fact that some kind of statehood is already being formed, and of course, this is one of the fundamental moments for the formation of such a community in the settlement. but not only this gathered people around, but we certainly cannot forget such things as resource centers, a resource center from the point of view of nature, well, natural resources, that is , if something in the same markets that we mentioned today is in demand, but

is mined where - in another place, this needs to be obtained, people gathered around these places, of course not megacities arose there, but they yes, but they actually supported the same thing. this trade, the exchange of finances, administrative resources, this is after all where the trade is, where they mined, megacities - this is still closer to trade, to finance, to the administrative center and a very important point in metropolitan life has always been a story connected with knowledge and b - from communication, that’s really all i just told trade, why did people gather together? well, before in ancient times there was no opportunity at all except to get together, see each other, and discuss the conditions transactions, what i need, what you need, to determine how much it costs, but there was no other way, now it’s a little easier, but then it wasn’t, and the question of knowledge, that is, how knowledge was transferred, knowledge

was drawn upon by an expert for administrative resources, who at one time brought knowledge to the masses, maybe treated somewhere, developed technology somewhere, students came for him and a certain community was also built around this, which complemented this conglomerate, creating new forms of employment and new interests that were on the territory megacities. thank you very much, let's take a break for a moment, advertising on ntv. have you always understood what you want, what you are capable of? today do you know who you want to become, who to be with, what is your path and what is it for? you are among those who understand you, among those who share your values, join

yours. serve under contract. there is a science program on air and we are a program about how science will change our lives in the next 10 years. in 10 years , science will complete the era of the megalopolis. our expert, professor, discusses life in the city kapustin. in big cities you will always find work. and most likely, it will be paid much better than in small villages. and villages, the younger generation prefers to live in cities, the city is a treasure trove of opportunities and prospects, these are libraries, theaters, cinemas, shopping and entertainment centers, etc., and in the village you are always in sight, it is much more difficult to be alone than in the concrete jungle, life outside the city is for a communal person, the city is a refuge for individualists. russians are predominantly urban residents. russia occupies sixtieth place in urbanization.

75% of our population lives in cities. but in last place is liechtenstein. almost 90% of the population lives outside cities. moscow is a separate region in russia. our non-rubber capital has a rather low natural population growth. and explosive growth. caused by migration, alexander vladimirovich, well, life in the city is often compared with life there in an anthill or in a hive, well, okay, bees live in a hive and at least make honey, at least some some kind of benefit , yes, but where do people have such a need to live so cramped, densely in a small area, yes, we are talking about some biological reasons, in general the unification... of people, for some reason each of

us has this feeling of need if we are not in a large group or a small group, but for some reason this participation in the group is very important for us, if we turn to the biological principles, well, indeed, many animals who are not individualists try to group somehow, and these are just those animals that have learned communicate, there is, for example, here is the simplest example of a colony of bacteria, it, it gradually grows from one bacterium, all the bacteria plus... well, they communicate with some minimal signals, but they do not have the opportunity to logistically move away from each other, they are simply not many know how to move, when the living world acquired the ability to move, then immediately this division arose, no, we ourselves, because we are strong, we can protect ourselves, no, we are weak, so we must stick together and create this kind of large group, therefore, we have this feeling from those very first multicellular organisms that tried to stay together , at the level of instinct and at the level of instinct very, very

basic, a little different, for example, we still want to live, let’s say we want a country house there, like everyone dreams of some kind of country house, branch, so i come to china, it is not fashionable for them to live in a separate house, they have to live in a huge tower in small apartments, there is a very interesting law when our development of any organism repeats all the evolutionary stages, we are the first one cell, then we divide into a multicellular organism, then all sorts of others grow, even a tail at a certain moment... there are embryos, but then it disappears as unnecessary, so we also go through these stages, but does a child from kindergarten want to live separately in in a country house, probably not, because he is still afraid of the danger around him, this social role is realized, the same thing if we are talking about anthill bees, yes, there are these individual individuals who know how to make honey like artisans, and ants that they actually store a very large amount of food for all the other relatives, but they do not have the opportunity for this individual protection, so they have a need

to group and distribute roles, we also see in the city - we have a lot of specialists, but we can’t imagine a city , if only there were... crane operators, doctors, we should have diversity, this is another reason, our diversity of individuals, which really leads us to a generalization, someone knows how to draw better, someone builds cities, someone treat people, we all help each other, oleg artovich, but megacities are still emerging or can we say that the peak has already been passed , they are now going into decline? well, you know, i think that starting from 1800, when the urban population was, if at this rate we go, then by 2050

the share of the population will be 96%, yes, that is , yes, but the pace is slowing down, the pace is slowing down, but what concerns metropolitan areas. in general, the term is not very strict; today, according to the classification, megacities are considered the largest city with a population of more than 8 million people, in this sense, rome was not a metropolis, the population there reached 1 million people, but well, for those times , probably still yes, but the increase in the population of cities, yes, is certainly happening, but it is happening in a very interesting way, depending from the level of socio-economic development , the rate of urbanization is higher where the level of socio-economic development is lower, as the metropolis is not smaller, but the growth rate of cities is slower, a more balanced structure, because the metropolis is a certain image life, that’s what you said, the second name

of the city is the choice that cities generate, this is such an intangible product as a choice, the optimal form. this is what is called the agglomeration effect, you won’t get this if you live on a farm, it’s a different way of life, but if you don’t want to see strangers, then you need to live on a farm, and if you have to choose which bar to go to every evening , to some kind of sports club and so on, to your city, these are two opposite ways of life, quite right, at the beginning of the 19th century century, such a wonderful german sociologist and economist formulated it superbly, he said: in a big city , a person’s body is testy, but his soul is free, in a small city , on the contrary, on the contrary, cities are huge terminals for connecting to culture, you can not only preserve your identity, you can develop, and cities present such an opportunity, what then is the psychological trauma of moving people

, for example, from village to city or even vice versa, yes, of course, this is actually a completely different way of life, in this sense, like the largest cities, megalopolises... provide opportunities with the diversity of their environment, yes, it’s absolutely true, to create your own type of environment, your own niche, inside a huge metropolis you can create your own small village, yes, it’s absolutely true, on the periphery of large cities, this is the most rural way of life, our large sparse microdistricts, so quite loose with a lot of greenery inside, they are best suited for these kind of migrants, yeah, dear skeptics, i have a question for you: here are big fives for you or small ones of three? nina evgenievna, which is actually more profitable for the economy, here are several huge big cities , or many, many, many small ones, why do we need only moscow, st. petersburg, everything, maybe we need

many, many small ones, oh, i just think i want i, green or three small ones, or already answer the question, well, it’s so that it’s clear what i’m asking about, well, it’s boiled, well, that’s what we need for the country, to have small cities and that’s it, i answer seriously, really there is, i have already said this, there is a system settlement, in which settlements have different population sizes and different functions, and everything must be balanced, that is, it is necessary that these exist, and that moths, and in general, everything depends on what territory of the country, here we have a large territory, we can afford any. everything, everything, yes, practically everything, but there are very small countries where there is not enough land, yes, there is singapore, where

they have to build an island, yes, in order to, so it’s impossible to say which is better , it all depends on the capabilities, including territorial, from natural, and from managerial institutional ones, like now, well, i don’t know, i, i want to understand that for the economy, for the country, what is more profitable? let's build it, well, let's, i love examples, yes, let's give an example, it means that russia lives , as it were, in a competitive world, in a competitive, in a competitive environment, its products must be competitive and so on, let's take for example , moscow and chelyabinsk, yes moscow is the center of financial attraction there, as if there was trade there and so on further, and chelyabinsk has a strong strong mechanical engineering, heavy industry, energy industry, and so on , all this is concentrated in one such agglomeration around the city of chelyabinsk, at the same time chelyabinsk is a transport hub that delivers all

this stuff and under those contracts , which seem to be concluded, yes, that is, he can deliver to kazakhstan there on the transib, it costs, and he has an airport good enough to fly back and forth quickly, for fast access and communication in a business center in the form of moscow, now let's imagine that we have divided chelyabinsk or the chelyabinsk region into six, there are seven agglomerations, which, accordingly, are distributed in different places, we need seven roads, seven railway lines, seven airports, preferably , and well, certainly, accordingly , the cost of administering the territories will rise by at least three or four times, and where does this money come from, this money will eventually come from the tax-compensated burden on

enterprise, which, as it were, increases the cost of products, is absolutely true, but what this will lead to is that high medical technologies and innovations are all concentrated not somewhere on the periphery, not somewhere in the village, in a medical and obstetric center, where there is one doctor for a large number of territories, and of course in regional centers, and of course in the capital , the second part is that the actual provision of life, if we need something, rare medicines, all this will, of course, be in the logistics center, first of all, second in financial, providing life that we need the sun. water, fairly normal nutrition and hygiene, well, listen, on the issue of hygiene, it is clear that cities, on the one hand

, benefit, because sewage, clean water, services that monitor the cleanliness of all this, just as city streets are now cleaned, but on the other hand , if someone gets sick, infectious diseases are put on the other side of the scale, coronavirus, which is worse, china was forced to close its cities. because firstly, we didn’t yet fully know what coronavirus was, but it was clear that if this went quickly, then this city would practically not exist , everyone would get sick and most of it would die right here and now, what would we do about it, so they decided to simply lock all the residents home, close this city , in principle, and try to prevent the spread, we know that it still resulted in a pandemic , that is, the whole world still got sick, it’s good that it was canceled, but nevertheless, a big lesson is that if we collide once again... decent enough with any infectious disease, the city will become a big minus. and another not very noticeable, but very important

fact. we look at the statistics, people are getting fatter, people are starting to die a little earlier from alzheimer’s, we are starting to look for life factors. for some reason, city residents suffer from this more often. is the food wrong? well, yes , this is compensation, as if the variety of food products has decreased, but there is also light and noise pollution, which does not allow us to simply get enough sleep. we. we can’t completely close ourselves off from the bright street lights lamps, we cannot close ourselves off from the noise of city streets, as a result of this chronic lack of sleep and lack of rest, we begin to rapidly develop chronic age-associated diseases, so the big ones also have disadvantages, everything is dead , bobby, very optimistic, that’s why he’s big , yes, come on, let's revive it,

advertising on ntv. great unique. strong, she is always there, your country, your home, your family, the traditions of your people, together, on the tv channel unknown russia, about russia in a new way, a new channel in the package tv channels. the program is on air, science and we are a program about how science will change our lives in the next 10 years, in 10 years science will end the era of megacities, well, just about life in the countryside, our expert, professor kapustin, discusses. of course, living outside the city in the fresh air is great. in the village, people

usually lead an active lifestyle, which is favorable. i dug a garden bed, went for a walk to pick mushrooms, but just don’t overwork yourself, otherwise this advantage of life could easily become a serious disadvantage, but life outside the city has its own specifics; if you have school-age children, the question arises: how to get to school? you can’t go to the store on foot, you have to drive, the labor market outside the cities is practically absent, well, few people manage to work remotely. in the village you have to control the water supply, gas, sewerage, heating, and so on. there are fewer opportunities for development in the village, especially for children. most likely, your village will not have an amusement park, a club for young skaters, or services for repairing mobile devices and so on.

it is unlikely that there will be a school for young chemists or physicists. of course, you can buy some things. for large purchases you still have to go to the city, in a word, city life is for young people, rural life is for the older population , now i’m sitting in front of the window, the stream is rustling below, squirrels are fighting in the tree opposite the window, i wonder what i didn’t see in this big city? we’re happy, of course, there are squirrels fighting in the tree, i’ll go and have a look, dmitry valerievich, in fact, the most important thing is from what we often suffer from, and what we want is a comfortable life, as i believe, housing and communal services stands for how i want to live comfortably, nice and good, good, that ’s really the case here, and what’s easier to organize housing and communal services in a big city or in little ones?

well, technology today has already developed so much that in general, if we are talking about the fact that a person is ready to bear the costs of his own utility infrastructure, then he can put a house in a field, the main thing is that there is access to energy and water, and then everything else is as it is people are already spinning around this, yes, but then it costs other money, look, if we take there a few decades ago, any dacha, as it were, is most often a convenience on the street, but accordingly, at the moment, it’s like there is, at a certain level of income, you can already afford, well, a local sewer system, which... but they provide you absolutely normally and you get a house that, as it were, does not at all have the comfort of a city apartment, but in the housing and communal services there is one, well very important, very important, especially for those who have suddenly become old, then the question becomes dramatically important : how many people still live, why, because the cost of reconstructing housing and communal services systems is large and if the number

of households that pay for this reconstruction, it becomes... extremely important, there is another very interesting branch here, that is, due to the fact that there is expensive work from the old territory, the idea arises, it actually began to arise there at the end of the last century, because by that time the technology was already there matured means let's build a new city in the middle of a field, let's build a new old city, well, it is as it is, it has its own, yes, it has its own advantages and advantages, let's build a city next to it, where everything will be right according to modern technologies, this is the one , this is the moment when, well, maybe, maybe technology really determines, well, the presence of megacities and the growth of cities, and you know, here, well, perhaps, there is not a single example that would create some kind of large flow of people towards technology, off the top of my head comes, no successful ones have appeared, not only that, but of course, that is,

a high-quality infrastructure has been created. but so that some city would appear to which people went precisely because of technology because of technology, uh-huh, it didn’t appear, but let’s return to the issue of housing and communal services and i’ll finish my thought, yes. i have such a good example, which at one time we studied quite thoroughly when we were working with our own territories in rossatam, but it turned out that there is such a city next to siul, which began to be designed there in the year ninety-six, songda called, this is what it is, of course, by the standards that would be called today, not a metropolis, there were only 300,000 planned at the first stage of the settlement, but at the same time it was crammed with technology, that is, it’s all from sensors, which means... communication cabinets for communication , communications in our current year, a communications cabinet for communicating with neighbors in apartments, when we now had this in 2000 it was

super technology, and now we have all smartphones, they have simply lost their relevance, that is, construction, in the middle fields of a new complex based on modern technologies, it leads to the fact that by the time it is completed... everything is already outdated, the city is no longer needed, well, of course it is not as outdated as those that were created earlier, but it has exactly the same same problem areas, like a new wave of technology, how, that is, how to shove it into it now, like just like that, you open a closet, and there’s a neighbor standing there, oleg artemovich, let’s imagine that people start leaving big cities en masse, then what will happen with all these buildings, infrastructure, there is a very serious, interesting... the theory of diffusion of innovations, that is, the function of the largest city is not that it provides amazing convenience due to super technology, but that it generates new technologies that are distributed throughout

the settlement system in order to be used, absolutely true , in this sense, it’s like the development of this city, yes, but for the largest city its development is not growth, it ’s exactly the opposite, it’s an opportunity to stabilize growth, because the problem, for example, of moscow is that the whole country wants to live in it. and bye this is true, it is really very difficult to ensure that, say, the production of nanoproducts becomes more profitable than the construction of housing stock, it will always be ahead, everyone wants to live in this city, and that is, we can generally do this, we need a balanced settlement structure, we it is very important that people come to the largest cities to get an education, return to their cities, and create there in others, at the level of medium and small cities. and then, really, how would this system really generate normal economic products and normal living conditions. it’s beautiful, dmitriev valevich, and maybe, then, really, if we can create such a surge

in the development of medium and small cities, then maybe the future lies with such single-industry towns, which used to be like the nuclear industry, yes, just single-industry towns, that’s it we will fill them there with other production and that’s it, finally everyone will get an education somewhere in a large city like moscow, but they will leave for another city. work because it is comfortable, safe, and clean, there are not many people so much, you know, here you brought me to one of our interesting studies , which we carried out precisely on the territory of nuclear cities, if you allow me, i ’ll go to the board and formulate such a concept as happiness, and we were very, we were very interested question, here’s a colleague... today i touched on a topic related to the fact that at some point in time young people have a choice, that is, either go to some large center, educational attention, yes, we

have a logic , education in the regions to the federal center, and then there used to be a distribution system, but now there is no distribution system, and whether you want it or not, people, well, young people, settle where they received their education, but those who are consciously known, well, here as if, which explains many of the issues that we are discussing today, it means that we have thought about the concept of happiness, and so happiness is the sum of all all the possibilities, demands, demand. people on the territory, including, by the way, here, this is very interesting

observation, if the wife is a housewife, and the husband gives her positive reinforcement, that is, he does not praise her, everything is correct, yes, he praises, then this is also a form of employment, that is , she has found herself, she realizes, feels useful, he comes with work and says, i’m doing a great job, and the borch is really delicious, that’s all. for her, this and the term grows, when you have worked well, you need to have a good rest, and here it is precisely small and large territories that provide different... opportunities, these are precisely the questions of who needs what closer or who has enough money to get to the necessary forms of leisure there, and the sum of all forms of recreation, leisure, and well, leisure, that is, for small towns to develop, we also need to provide more leisure for people there, because it’s one thing in moscow, of course, i can go to the theater, to the cinema, for a run, to the gym, and what about the most interesting moments? when you begin

to study each specific destiny and life, someone repairing a boat in the garage is an activity on which he spends his time - he receives financial reinforcement for this, and for some, this is a form of leisure, absolutely in this way it is perceived differently for people, but everything would be simple except for one moment, well, now divide everything, and multiply by but multiply, we will multiply, we will multiply by the coefficient by if a person does not associate the future from a specific territory with this place, does not believe that this place will exist long enough and will give him what he actually is, if suddenly there is zero, then all this has no beginnings, for example,

a gold mine, a single-industry town? in fact, yes, especially with the growth of technology, if we talk about the growth of technology, we have another growth of technology, we discussed today, well, there i talked more about the topic of housing and communal services, but if we take some city-forming enterprises in pursuit of the competitiveness of products, their technologies are also developing, and technologies are developing in which direction, the reduction of human resources in the production process , etc., the labor force is freed up, very much - there is simply nothing for them to do. yes, what should they do, they strive, starting strive towards zero, i will have a positive expectation, here we need more than one, we will have 100% more, thank you, oh, i wish we could apply this formula to all medium-sized and small cities, you just recently talked about what keeps people in cities not only work, this is exactly the same case, you see , chronological depth, this is like urban culture, what is time in the city, yes, this is actually the number of meanings that are embedded in the urban environment, which... we read and we become more complex and thanks to

this is why we can make our cities more difficult and more diverse. okay, then i have a question for our guests, optimists and skeptics, let’s talk specifically about russia , where should we go in general, to develop megacities, or to develop technologies, transport infrastructure between thousands of small, small and cities, which is for russia and for its population is better, a question for everyone. well, it seems to me. that indeed, from megacities we will move to such a smart network of large cities, large settlements, where we can provide digital technologies communication, provide yourself with a lot of leisure, which is already happening, you cannot close your eyes that people simply spend most of their time on the screen and provide work, leisure and even positive expectations there, believing that it will grow and develop, with on the other hand, we can already provide

our normal life with technology... green energy, when we installed a wind turbine, solar panels and begin to provide the very stuff, for example, at our local home, family, for example, and a small education like this, everything works out together what do you have we already have the technology for this, so that we localize ourselves, decrease a little in the size of the city, but nevertheless remain quite large and diverse , this is probably the best example of a mosaic, such a mosaic city. does anyone else have one? but it seems to me that there is no point in saying either this or that, it seems to me that everything should develop as a whole, there is not enough money for everything, why? not in the concept, you know, how to write it in the concept, i don’t know, no, but it seems to me that you can’t say that, that either we will give cities, which means they are different, with different functions, different populations, and so on, or there will be some kind of communication roads, but it seems to me that without communication, it will simply be no good at all.

no matter how big a beautiful city it is with all the amenities, it doesn’t matter to a person, well, you need to understand that if you want , you can leave without any problems, in general, even your social work, communication is not even necessary to leave, in fact, of course it’s good , but there’s no store, you can’t come, you can do anything on the road, yes, therefore, it seems to me that there is no need to put it so sharply here, unless you specifically exaggerate either or, but if this is how you say it. for our country, it seems to me that we should have some kind of comprehensive development that would take into account these populated areas, different structures of different functions, different sizes, a stable connection between them with absolutely everything, including your digital technologies, but to me it seems that , after all, if we talk about the current state, then the network of roads is really important for us, it’s the network, yes, the problem of our country is that it, that its transport infrastructure has a radial structure, all roads lead

to the kremlin, yes, that is, no matter how much we need high-speed connections from each city to the capital, in order to solve our problems, we need a network structure between small cities, between small and medium-sized... why do we have from vladivostok to chelyabinsk through the north, so that they really create such complex, cooperative structures, yes, that are capable of exchanging goods services and create together, in fact, the very diversity that the largest city provides, there is a reconstruction of roads in the roman empire, before it became an empire, and after it became an empire, and before it became an empire, it was a network structure connecting individual populations... points, and after it became an empire, it became a radial structure connecting all roads, all roads lead to rome, as you know, we actually, we are still at the stage that's all depends on macroeconomic tasks and goals, that is, we build roads and, most importantly, we involve people, the main thing is that they all

have a job and that everything is going on, absolutely true, absolutely true, yeah, advertising on ntv, a fan card is an electronic service: for safe and comfortable attendance at football matches. the card number is needed to purchase season tickets for russian premier league games and the russian football cup final. you can submit an application for registration at the state services or in the state services application "fan card". the service is valid at the stadiums of all rp clubs in thirty cities. get a fan card and watch football at the stadium. there is a program on the air, science and we are a program about how science will change our lives in the next 10 years, dear guests , optimists and skeptics, i have a question for you all, with what probability do you think science will end the era of megacities, oleg artyomovich, let's start with you, well, if you mean the disappearance

of megacities, then the probability of this is very low, you know, you know, i think it 's quite a big one, yes, well, let's say, like with a probability of 70%, in my opinion. and the megacities will receive a counterbalance in the form of this structure of small medium-sized settlements and this will stabilize their growth, they will certainly remain as phenomena of culture and material and material and spiritual, but they will have, so to speak , limited influence and most of them are still our aikumens the developed one will be represented by small medium-sized cities and it will be good and it will be good for that 70% thank you very much, it seems to me that this is very small. i think in another 10, 10 years, so for sure there will still be enough, these cities will be quite attractive for the population for a number of reasons, even if suddenly something happens, and as you say, they stop developing, there is still

the inertia of the development of a big city, its generation grows up in a big city this is not the first time, people who love cities, namely big cities, no, it seems to me that the probability that in 10 years the era of megacities will end is, well, out of respect for my colleagues, i’ll say 20%, 20%, thank you very much, i i think that today we are not alone since they already remembered ancient rome and said that then a metropolis and now a metropolis are two big differences, so i think that taking into account the fact that the population of the planet earth is steadily growing, we are treating diseases better and better, better, what is a metropolis anyway then there will be very few of them left, so from this point of view i think that yes, secondly, what we discussed is that people receive great

technological help in order to think about what else to do in life and we are already answering these questions then there is at the end in the end, we will translate this formula into yes into the inverse inverse coefficient, whether a person will have free time or not, and if it is well covered with leisure, culture and not only science, science certainly also plays a big role, then i think that 10 percent, maybe, of course, we’ll leave what will happen in a megalopolis, but if we reconsider everything, then in 10 years megacities can already be lived in, it’s better not in a metropolis, 90%, thank you very much, well, i’ll support ours... i ’ll say the proportion is 10%, and the reason actually in my opinion is the following, which means despite the growth of communication technologies, but science is at a new stage in the development of such things as, well, a deeper

understanding of energy, a deeper understanding of topics related to quantum computers and other things, which still, well, 10 years horizon is not enough for that, to complete it, there won’t be enough time, and of course communication will make it possible to work remotely, but still the concentration of resource centers, which will attract professionals, respectively, people who... supports the work of a big city, it will remain, that is, 10%, 10% for 10 years , thank you very much, volodya, well, with a probability of 47.5%, science will end the era of megacities, i here agree with the experts that there is a certain inertia in development megacities, of course, out of habit, we still strive for big cities, however, well, listen to technology, yes technology, here i really am. i believe that russia will finally take care of transport

infrastructure, we will have roads, bigger trains, cars, and maybe helicopters, airplanes, so that they could quickly get from everywhere, people had the opportunity to really live not only in huge cities, but in medium-sized cities, especially in small ones, especially, as it turned out, today it became clear to many people psychologically that you and i were born here, okay, and got used to it living in this anthill, psychologically, i think that it’s very difficult for many people, they people come here and then they just suffer, yes, but it’s impossible to leave, because there’s no work somewhere in a small town, so i’m still for it, so that science and technology helped people live where they want, even if the bees live closely in the hive, because as one character said, what are bees for, to make honey, and honey so that i can eat it, it was a program, science and a program about how science will change our lives, including yours, in the next 10 years. the main thing is to live

comfortably and not get sick. see you in