hello everyone and welcome to another episode of iran tech, i'm your host at designed. when we think about uh fixing broken bones or fractured bones, we immediately think about platinum implants, at least that's what we think about here any wrong, because that's the most popular type of surgical implants, of course there are still steel implants as: well because steel is very durable, but the con of steel is that it's not super biocompatible, but anyways uh we are coming up with - perhaps you could say better material to uh not not really replace platinum but also like be alongside it as viable surgical implant which is made of uh titanium or titanium alloys because titanium is still very strong much like steel is uh and it also is very biocompatible. much like

platinum is, so it's really the best of both worlds uh, so today we're going to be learning about uh titanium or titanium alloy surgical implants uh, the pros and cons and uh everything around it. stay with us, now... making these titanium or titanium alloy orthopedic or surgical implants uh, while they may be small, the parts themselves might be tiny, it requires uh this entire facility because we're dealing with uh micrometers uh of precision because we're dealing with things that are going to be implanted inside the body, so the tolerance for all of these machines needs to be near a zero. uh, with that said, first of all, why do we even choose titanium as the material of choice? because titanium uh has the strength

of steel, like i said before, but it's also very bicompatible, meaning that it doesn't really interact negatively with the organs of the body, not every material in the body will do just fine um under the the the circumstances in the body uh, for example steel is not a super biocompatible uh material to use for such implants uh so that is why we use titanium, it's also... very light and also very strong, like i said before. uh, so with that said, before we take a look at the exact parts, we need to take a look at uh, the broader scope of what kind of uh ports we're actually talking about, what kind of implants are we talking about?

we are on the various sanctions in the field of healthcare, we have been trying to provide the patients who were injured during the imposed war or because of the car accidents and osteoporosis with services in our company. we are also providing implant services for orthopedics, spinal cord, skull and other types of fractures. we decided to start our domestic productions with the help of our friends. there were more than 500 hospitals in iran lacking medical equipment. fortunately, our company alone is able to provide services for more than 150 hospitals all of iran. we are producing up to date machineries. our raw material is imported since we haven't produced row titanium. we are producing more than 3,000 parts. we have obtained the... required standards and we are

offering our products with international standards. out of the three different types of surgical implants that we have nails, spinal and uh plates, we're going to first focus on the plates which can look like this, but they can also look like really anything, any different shape that you can imagine uh, because uh each part is going to be designed for very specific area or part of the the skeleton, in this case we're going to be focusing on the cranial implants, implants that you will see on the cranium or different parts of the skull. now they're primarily used to help with the healing of injuries to the skull or to the cranium, when for example a part of the skull is fractured, they can uh hold those two parts together with these joints so that the the bone structure can mend itself, but they can also be used for

all sorts of different maxo facial uh operations, even for cosmetic operations when you want to add some like some sort of jawlineine uh or for people have their chins a little bit to... far back uh, these plates can be used uh for all sorts of different maxofacial operations, where these plates are probably not going to be sufficient is in more severe damages to the cranium, for example when in motorcycle accident with someone who hasn't had their helmet on uh when their uh skull is grinding against the asphalt uh a part of their cranium might be completely broken or grinded down to the point that uh it's no longer going to be able to to protect the brain, in those severe cases uh, this part is not going to be enough, it's it's too small, so we're going to be using uh mesh plates such as this one and we're going to cut it down to size to essentially not only reinforce or join the different parts of the bone structure in the

skull, but to essentially replace it for a certain period of time until uh the bone structure can attempt to mend itself and like recreate itself through. through the uh the holes within uh the the mesh plate uh so there's also uh this type of uh cranial implant uh now with that said let's take a closer look at uh how this mesh plate can be uh actually done the the surgery process and what happens after the surgery and also what we can do even more severe cases where even the mesh plates would not be enough when it comes to cranial reconstruction the choice of implant is critical we utilize various types of maxilofacial, orthopedic implants to address everything from trauma and congenital, defects, even tumor removals. among the best solutions are solid titanium plates and titanium mesh plates, each serving unique purposes. solid titanium plates are

favored for their unmatched strength and durability, making them ideal for situations where robot support is needed. however, in many cases, titanium mesh plates are the preferred choice. titanium mesh plates offer a significant advantage due to their lightweight structure and flexibility. these plates can be easily shaped to match the natural contours of the skull providing a more customized fit. but the real magic happens with their design. mesh plates are perforated with small holes and crevices allowing bone tissue to grow through them. this unique. unique feature promotes osseointegration where the bone reforms and integrates with the implant. the bone cells proliferate through the mesh, creating a stable and natural reconstruction over time. this not only enhances the healing process,

but also ensures a stronger, more resilient skull. mesh plates are particularly beneficial and treating complex fractures and defects, providing the necessary support by of facilitating natural boneby growth. this combination of strength and biological integration represents a remarkable advancement in maxillacial surgery. so we talked about how uh plates can be used as an exterior solution uh to help mend broken bones. you can see here this is the example of an applied uh surgical plates that from the outside of the bones. structure can help mend a fractured or a broken bone, but uh, it's not the best possible way that there is right now. let me give you an example with uh for example femer bone that is broken. um, so the the process is rather invasive, the

surgery itself is very invasive process. uh, the example of a broken femer, we would have to first insert this bit, screw it in so that it would leave room. for uh the plate to be attached to the to the exterior of the bone and then each of these holes would need to be screwed into place so that it would be fixed in place and it would help ment the the bone structure, but uh this process is like i said very invasive, you would need to cut the entirety of the skin and flesh uh there's a lot of risk of infection uh it would take a lot longer for uh that person to be able to stand up can walk because of the risk of infection and because of the large cutuh that is now made because of this this plate uh and it takes a very long time up to two to the hours so there's another way uh that this company is now pioneering in iran which is using these uh nails so i'm going to use the

example of this particular tibia so here uh instead of applying first a bit here so that it would be uh added to the exterior we would uh essentially cut a hole in this part of the body and we would uh drill a little bit of a hole on on the top of the tibia and then we would slowly hammer in this nail. which is uh shaped to fit the tibia's uh shape. now then we don't we haven't really cut anything uh all that much. the only thing else that we need to do is uh to add uh a couple of holes right in here to just be able to uh screw in uh the the bone from the inside uh as opposed to screwing it in from the outside with like eight or 10 different screws uh. "this is lot less of invasive uh surgery uh, you would only need three holes in the body, it takes

down to 30 minutes uh as opposed to two to three hours uh and uh there's an even better way uh that this can be done that this company has managed to make, so by adding some grooves uh to uh this circular structure, it is going to be a little bit easier for this nail to be hammered inside place because it's going to be let's say a little bit" sharper to hammer in uh and that could make it even more of an efficient surgery uh so this was nails and how they can be compared with uh metal plates or surgical plates and the kind of advantages that they could offer, but let's take a closer look at what happens in the body. the move from the traditional dynamic hip screw procedure or dhs to the more advanced proximal femeral nail procedure known as pfn is a significant development: the dhs procedure involves attaching a titanium plate to the exterior of

a fractured or broken bone requiring multiple incisions and extensive surgery. while effective, this method can be invasive and demands a lengthy recovery period. inter pfn, revolutionary technique that's changing the game. instead of external plates, pfn uses what's called nail. inserted inside the bone with three screws attached from outside. this minimally invasive surgery requires fewer cuts and significantly reduces operation time. patients benefit from quicker surgeries and shorter hospital stays with faster overall recovery. the internal less provide robus support allowing for early mobilization and reducing the risk of complications associated with traditional met. pfn's precision and minimal invasiveness mean less

post-operative pain and lower chance of infection. it's a clear advancement over dhs offering a superior patient friendly option for bone fracture repair. and now lastly we come down to the spinal implants so uh this cage looking thing that we have going on here uh is going to be acting as the infrastructure for a vertebrate plant. uh which is going to be needed when for example you have a herniated disc like this uh red bulge that we have here, this is the uh the disc that is uh bulging out of where it's supposed to be, in these cases we have degeneration of the discs in between the vertebray which could be caused by number of different things, for example old age or obesity can cause the the discs to disintegrate, now in those cases uh the the bone are going to be essentially causing friction in between themselves because there is no disc separating them, so what we need

to do is to create that separation once again, and we can do that by using these spinal implants uh to essentially create that space, that gap that is necessary for the spinal implants uh to be added where the discs used to be, which are which have now disintegrated uh, so we create this space with these very highly adjustable, uh cages uh and uh then we add in the implants to replace the disc and after a while once the bone structure has adjusted to this new new gap in between the vertebray uh we might be able to remove uh this titanium cage so that the the body can go back to its normal function of course there's still going to be depending on the person there's still going to be some