that was it is a tough new immigration recalls and fresh debates across the u.s. its critics fear they are rich racial profiling they will say say cracking down on illegal immigrants will leave the city of manual work. well thousands of deaths and countless injuries in different parts of the world of the deadly car bomb attacks special brings you the bloody history of these acts of terror. my name is bob baer. i used to be a cia station in the during the civil war. it was chaos. but the real threat was always car bombs. but until now the car bomb secret history has never been told. who invented it

who developed it and who killed. i've come back to the one city where car bombs have forever shaped our history. beirut. i loved. it was a great place to be a spy. and then the embassy got hit. by a suicide car bomber. sixty three dead dead american dead. six of my close colleagues friends in the cia were killed. carsten to vet the bomb go off. this. white star. and then of course the bank and then.

they run over. and destruction and chaos. it was a stunning assault. one man with a car could wage war on the united states ironically with an american truck. there is one man who knows a lot about lebanese car bombs. mahmoud. a top expert who defused does. palestinian. muslims. in the long drawn out. and then i was the only expert who was dismantling.

and then his adversaries decided. for me. it was activated. and i soon as i touch the. two thousand and five the former lebanese prime minister hariri presidential cavalcade was destroyed. on. camera captured. this white truck. in the traffic. the bomb went off. really was one of the world's richest man. his mercedes was armored to the hilt.

the best protection level there is. truly the root is the heart of the modern. were developed on the streets. crossing the border into. and it was only a matter of time before a car bomb started on. a. car bombing might have become a lebanese national custom but the lebanese never created the car bomb. like a lot of other things in the twentieth century car bombs are an american invention . by the one nine hundred twenty new york could become the financial center of

world capitalism. but then in september one thousand twenty wall street was rocked by a massive explosion. it was the world's first car bomb. where we're walking right now is exactly where if you'd been standing here on september sixteenth one thousand nine hundred twenty you would have been hit by the bomb over here what was then the u.s. sub-treasury. and of course the stock exchange with the big flags on it there same buildings that would have been here most famously the morgan bank. and that really was and in some ways still is just the epicenter of american capitalism and government tell me what happened here at about twelve zero one away or strong way

again exploded into the lunchtime crowd. they killed about forty people in the street and injured hundreds of people just fairly sophisticated i mean whoever built this thing. knew what they're doing they knew what they were doing and of course the question immediately became who was that person or who were those people and the best theory is that it was a man named mario buda who was an italian an artist who was a loan operator and he was even within this circle. a militant an artist's very committed revolutionaries he was the committed of the committed a what did he want though i mean it was there anything that give us an idea what these guys wanted there was a flyer found in a mailbox nearby who blocks up that way that said free the political prisoners or it will be death to all of you and it was signed the american anarchist fighters the political prisoners were two italian anarchistic sacco and vanzetti who had

been arrested and later executed by the federal government after an abortive bank robbery. it was a notorious case critics claimed it was a show trial. was a close associate of both men. so the idea was that this had been somehow a blow against capitalism the idea of wall street the idea of banks big moment of labor warfare a revolution you just have to take revolution so that whole system of capitalism government put together was what they were striking a blow at this was the first car bomb part and it was the first part of no of course it's not a car in the sense but it was a way to get this invented right here wall street. what happened to buddha buddha actually fled the united states he went back to italy but he never came back to the states as far as anyone knows. the wall street explosion was not just the first car bomb it was a terrorist blueprint. and the car bomb would next appear in the middle east in

palestine in the violent struggle over the founding of the state of israel. in the one nine hundred forty s. palestine was under british rule. the majority arab population were opposed to a jewish state. the same time extremists jewish factions like the stern gang waged a terrorist campaign. against those who. as enemies of the future jewish state. arabs and british troops. organisation. freedom fighters of israel were determined to drive arabs out. as their rightful jewish homeland. who started the first

car bombing here. whose decision was that. it was they had. left he were opposed to any deal with the arabs by the mainstream jewish leadership led by david ben-gurion. and planning car bombs was a short cut to provoking all out war. on january the fourth one nine hundred forty eight left he struck. their target was the sariah building in the heart of java a densely populated arab district. disguised as arabs a lot he bomb team drove a truck packed with two hundred pounds of explosives and park close to the building . the electric timer was set for eighty seconds to let the bombers get away.

the explosion killed twenty eight including innocent passers by and injured hundreds. less he did not have a monopoly on planning car bombs. the palestinians made plans to strike back using their own bomb maker. trained by the nazis during world war two. thousand the sister. was close to him. she has never spoken about her brother before. she came to what sort of training did he get in germany you know i do is called commando commander. and she had not seen a clue that wireless devices communications and all types of explosives. six weeks after soraya thousand targeted jewish stronghold ben yehuda street in the

heart of jerusalem ascension it and take bin yehuda street was seen charge of the operation he was in charge. at the beginning the middle and the end of the street. but you roussillon in one nine hundred forty eight was an armed camp. jewish areas protected by checkpoints and rifle bearing guards. the only way through. it was to disguise the bomb vehicles as a british military convoy. and the men driving those trucks were six british army deserters who should tell me about the two british designer suits were. nude who were the ones that worked with them. to match. the steamy gun and i thought they were not just so good there was a big in the british soldiers who were working with him and. they were against the british policy keith. people from then and there placed them with other people they

did to american who is thousand used to plan missions with them and they used to carry it out see that home they nest in. parking the truck bombs close to two hotels being used as barracks by jewish fighters the desert or shot a security guard. and then fled. i don't you and that's a it's a fuse so explosive i lash back and told them get up get out because it's going to be a skill that we wanted to distill case we were looking for the last. three thousand pound bombs tore through the surrounding buildings killing sixty. hina was not just an eyewitness she was also allegedly a member and taken part in bombing operations let me ask you this question did the truck bomb make do with the resistance. why did it made you angry or

make me angry but why should i leave when people put a call. to the civilians being killed down to war against those who. did talk to. left he were the first terrorist group in the world to use car bombs but they would not. the last. verse the jews then the arabs. the world's first car bomb or. left a planted four. and thousand planted four hundred twenty people died. the car bombing only stopped in may one thousand nine hundred eight when war broke out and the checkpoints became frontlines. a new terror weapon cheap and convenient had been born. but palestine in one nine

hundred forty eight did produce one further novelty. the car bomb as a key assassination weapon when i could to try to blow up the jewish political leadership. what happened in this building here. here was the government of the jews and it's in this second flow he was the chump it was of. the state of the if you can go to ups one day. and say believe that if they would kill him jews may not establish that state the special east of the ups and. explosion and the car. was exploding here how many people were killed when seven people.

would have happened if ben-gurion had been this office the fame been going on to keep. the jews wouldn't establish a state because he was only a prime minister the only leader but he was is you can say george washington george washington of the united states. sas eating your enemy supreme leader is nothing new think of president abraham lincoln. what was new was the car bomb. parked in the right place packed with enough explosives you can target any man on earth. kings and presidents have to drive the roads just like the rest of us and the moment you do your vulnerable. car bombs are so easy you can use them purely for business if your business is controlling the world's heroin supply . in the early sixty's sicilian mafia discovered

a new way to make rival mafiosa disappear by booby trapping their cars and blowing them to pieces. in sicily the power of the mafia is as old as the statute. five million people live here. but hidden amongst them is an estimated seven thousand mafia members. yet the power of the cosa nostra is felt everywhere from the highest political office right down to the smallest market stall. this market. so we how do you know the mafia this year. because. the two. of them on to the finish because you'll. see the.

thing started to change in one nine hundred fifty seven when the sicilian an american mafia met in this lavish palermo hotel organize the world's heroin trade. but business did not run smooth. in one nine hundred sixty three the first mafia war broke out between two clans the greco. and the barbera is. that your mother. giovanni otto is an anti mafia campaigner but he is also the nephew of a key mafia boss cesare month that. month l o was an ally of the greco. and the first mafioso to be assassinated with a car bomb. was blocking these drive and you needed to go beyond it to enter into that. the car was exactly the same type to

a friend because he thought he was his friend. so it got into the new turn the key and the explosion happened. why did they not when they killed your uncle use a pistol instead of a car bomb in my uncle's murder was the first mafia and their first act of terrorism. by killing my uncle in this way they wanted to emphasize their revenge given that the mafia stopped using car bombs for seventeen years until a new more ruthless generation of mafia leaders took over and used car bombs to assassinate judges and magistrates. every judge they blow up turned the heat on more arrests trials. but unlike the mafia the next car bombers wanted the blast of their homemade bomb to reverberate

all the way to the white house. it was do it yourself terrorism ventral trail of destruction would span the globe from ireland oklahoma and the middle east . the car bomb was about to become the perfect lethal weapon. in the late sixty's students at the university of wisconsin in the midwest were in revolt. they were daily demonstrations protests. alan thompson was an f.b.i. special agent assigned to the state capital madison. and what was it like in one

thousand seven hundred what was the student's life what was happening here well the students were. really involved with the the vietnam war there was demonstrations going on and some of them were very violent there was a lot of tear gas lot of broken windows what was the demand the key demand was to get out of the. but it tiny splinter group of students saw themselves as already at war with the nixon administration. and the nearest target was close at hand the campus army math research center. a research lab funded by the pentagon and housed in the department of physics. at three forty two am on the twenty fourth of august nine hundred seventy an explosion destroyed the army math center. hundreds of f.b.i.

agents from all over the united states were sent to wisconsin this was of extreme interest to the white house was that this yellow explosion absolutely it went all the way to the director's desk there was daily contact with the the oval office as to what was happening out here and why it happened and we had to come up with some answers real fast as to what was what was going on so anyone killed yes. as a young physicist by the name of robert foster not was killed in initial blast. the f.b.i. team immediately focused their investigation on a car spotted flaying from the scene at high speed. the bombers were led by a twenty two year old college dropout carl armstrong. this is the route you took you came up from the y.m.c.a. armstrong agreed for the first time to return to the building and talk about the

night he bombed wisconsin. where did the idea come from a car bomb our brother who wanted to be like basically you know we were considering ways to our math research center and my brother got its nose oh why don't we just fill up a truck full of explosives into sudden off the side of the building and my immediate reaction was that's crazy the armstrong brothers stumbled upon the ultimate terrorist weapon of the twentieth century. but there was another deadly twist they bought the base materials for their explosives in the local hardware store. first while we bought the materials from a farmer's co-op morning nitrate and fuel oil and then we transported it to our site which was in a farmer's field and basically we just put in all the ammonium nitrate and you know

except by hand own only just poured it into the barrel. and you get the idea that you didn't have the internet. well basically the formula that's in the encyclopedia britannica under water. since so much of the whole thing cost you. two hundred dollars for the. car all and it's three fellow student bombers then stole a van. mix the explosives together. they drove to the university. inside the van was a ton and a half of explosives. and robert people were injured. but i have no regrets for my motivations for doing it and doing it was a message and we were trying to send it on to the government. after the bombing

armstrong fled to canada and was a fugitive for two years. but was then extradited back to wisconsin. his trial was a cause celebre for many in the end i wore a movement. he served ten years in prison. sad part about it is that the the research that the claim of the army meth research center was doing was not research for the army at all so in other words this is an act of protest the turning back to murder absolutely absolutely are pretty much counterproductive here in madison and probably throughout the united states you know the significance of this is you can take a group of amateurs. with almost no money was like one hundred dollars stolen car fertilizer. so it was in a sense it was a turning point absolutely basically one hundred dollars you can shake

a country exactly. that are killing innocent. a was it. of course and that's never a. soft on the skull still. i think of it every day. from memory. and. assume i saw a long time and i'm just here trying to tell him. i was. i was ashamed that i had been. i was ashamed that i had been a hero while i got my legs. but. when i went to vietnam pow wows of.

what i was doing i was or i think. that i was a good soldier. but now most older on the other side and i think i'm just as good.

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