u.s. his critics fear they encourage radical profiling they also say cracking down on illegal immigrants would leave a severe lack of manual workers. mortality dot com thousands of deaths and countless injuries in different parts of the world or the deadly aftermath of car bomb attacks next artie's special report brings you the history of these acts of terror. bombing of the mine or my repeat my. homemade explosives slipped across the atlantic into the hands of the ira. the world's first full scale car bomb or was now ready to begin. and the material to make the bombs was lying around in every farmer's barn in ireland. shanel callaghan was the senior ira bomb maker at the time my understanding is that

. it was running up explosives and guess what yet garrett great difficulty in getting hold of the military commercial explosives to get small amounts that you could steal from quarries you could buy some of them not could find the money not to use that net nitrate was probably the biggest commercial for the lives in the public the government had a share in the complete manufacture. the british took countermeasures to make it more difficult for the ira to make. simply boiling up fertilizer to make explosives no longer works. but the ira also found ways around those restrictions. and ramped up their car bomb or. tommy gorman was one of the ira's top bomb makers in belfast in the one nine hundred seventy s. . tommy's job was to assemble the bombs

set the timer before handing over the device to the bomb team who drove the car to its target in the city center. those people who did not think attack because they heard that stephen r. and you got someone who was nervous and maybe start to panic if they got held up in traffic but about women well as well just as good as now so how about a. one of those women was marion price i mean i i didn't i didn't even the time i was too young and i didn't have a license but i've been in a car that was laden with explosives than being brought into belfast and we were stopped by the british army and that the time we had the exposed in the door of the car. and soon to went in the door for me and i said to no moved on i can money when i got in the car because i was born a minute he i think he was more interested in looking at mason he was but the car. most of the time the ira called in warnings. that the ira same was

economic terrorism buildings not bodies. under their own rules killing civilians was wrong. but planning car bombs is not an exact science. and when the ira messed up people lots of people died. on the afternoon of the twenty first of july one thousand nine hundred seventy two the ira planted twenty two car bombs in the center of belfast. all time to go off within minutes of each other. bloody friday was the world's first mass car bomb attack. the ira phoned in warnings but one bomb prematurely exploded in oxford street bus station. killing six passengers.

many others were horribly mutilated. are you ashamed of what happened and bloody friday. was a terrible terrible day there's no way that the security forces could have cared because this display of everyone. but the slaughter on bloody friday did not stop the ira. the bombing campaign accelerated. in one thousand nine hundred seventy two there were one thousand three hundred eighty two explosions. the ira leadership was now ready to bring the car bomb on to the streets of london. it was our job to go and pick the targets and plan the operation. on march the eighth one thousand nine hundred seventy three the ira attacked london

for the first time and planted four car bombs. nineteen year old marion price was leader of the bomb team. we went along on the morning that the bombs went off and the driver on the person he was to set the timer they got up at six in the morning they drove to the booms to their targets and it was planned that by the time the bombs week wolf that afternoon at three o'clock. leave it on. marion chose for spectacular targets including the old bailey courthouse. but the most prestigious target was new scotland yard. peter gurney a bomb disposal officer was on duty that day. and i found four calls. from the number plates on that did not relate to that particular vehicle the proved all could be in time but with the reduced order that what we would do we would go into the booth through the rear seats were in turn you would see that it was packed

with exposure. both one hundred eighty pounds of exposure for the pope who was moving forward from exposure but not the initiator we had no idea how long that was the on the clock what we just decided to do was to take the explosive away from the bomb on the part reporting by our destroyed pound bags or exploded out of put them on the other saw the road towards the bomb went off with us to go through. the building one hundred three of our stories with no inflation. or the windows watching those were what was the significance of this bomb these were the first called bomb used in the. two bombs did explode. the irish war was now on the streets of london. marion spent the next decade in prison but over the next twenty five years the ira would explode thousands of car bombs. just one bomb could destroy

a small town or blast the heart of a key financial center like the city of london. bomb disposal officer mike called was called out to diffuse the biggest ira bomb of all. round about ten twenty seven the morning. tremendous blast from the truck up bishopsgate about three and a half thousand kilograms i exploded. so in a blast wave that ripped all. windows out of the whole area. the ira deliberately planted the bishop's gate bomb on a saturday morning knowing that most of those city offices would be empty. it was economic terrorism. the total bill shoreditch bishopsgate was around about one billion pounds. imagine twenty times the amount of devastation in

city centers around the united kingdom. the ira never won their war in ireland but the british lost theirs on the streets of the city of london. did you think this was going to change the politics of northern ireland when this bomb went off oh no doubt about it and i schall the devastation and realise what a launch those bombs were ushered in eighteen months we'll be talking peace. at the height of the troubles the ira churned out car bombs as if on a production line. but you don't need a secret army to launch a car bomb attack. even the smallest terrorist cell can make a one off fertilizer bomb. in one nine hundred ninety three the same year as bishopsgate car bombers would return to america and strike again at new york's financial

district. the target was the world trade center. on friday feb nineteenth a massive explosion ripped through the underground parking garage of the north tower. david williams was the chief f.b.i. investigator. were we walked into the trade center it was kind of like walking into a cave. to hear people hollering screaming in the background rescue workers basically you had a crater that was five stories. the nine hundred ninety three world trade center bombing was the first major terrorist attack on american soil since

the one nine hundred twenty s. on wall street. be i was in charge but local police forces like the new york city bomb squad were part of the team. don saddam was sent into the bomb crater on sunday afternoon forty eight hours after the blast to help a forensic chemist team take samples. but then said we spotted a strange metal fragment crumpled and twisted by the power of the explosion. what was unusual was the damage it was so ripped in twisted i've been to scenes in organized crime where people were killed with bombs and completely blew a car up but i've never seen the undercarriage blown out into pieces as this i was looking at there so i knew that this had to be either right next to or possibly the vehicle that would bring such a large vehicle bomb in here and i took my gloves off and as i ran my thumb inside

could feel it like an encryption it was a star shape letters letters numbers numbers numbers and then this ended in a starship and i knew that this was a confidential the number. confidential vehicle identification numbers are inscribed on different parts of a car by the manufacturer to help police a den of five stolen vehicles. at that point i made a decision and i said to the team we have to take these pieces out of here i know it's against the law it is and i see dawn and you know carrying a stretcher up i'm thinking as i get closer i see that they had a piece of metal on the stretcher i started to raise hell because they were moving evidence before we were up and running with that evidence control center but soon forensic teams confirm hunch. was now just fifty hours from the time of the explosion and the hunt for the bomb and the bombers was rolling. and

that led to a break in the case and was obviously a great break in the case because we were able to trace the number back as before econoline family owned by writer readily and traced that particular van to jersey city where it was last rented to an individual by the name of muhammad solomon. salomé was part of a small cell of islamist terrorists incensed by america's support for israel. the attack on the world trade center was their declaration of war. salomé was arrested. the trail led to a storage facility packed with bomb making equipment. but the real mastermind the bomb maker ramzi yousef had fled to pakistan on the night of the world trade center bombing ramzi yosef was basically the lead explosive instructor. in

afghanistan teaching other folks to be teachers of buildings off bombs. and you could certainly see a bomb or signature between beirut and the ninety three trade center. solemn a's amateurish attempt to reclaim his cash deposit would end in a record two hundred forty year jail term. but there was nothing funny about useless plan for the twin towers. the bomb van was deliberately parked near one of the towers key structural supports. his aim was to bring down both towers. if we got a good blow by sunday night two days after the bombing the slurry foundation would have failed it would have allowed some of the hudson river and cause tower one to collapse most likely into tower two causing it to collapse. ramzi yousef was finally captured in pakistan two years later and extradited back to the

united states. he was taken by helicopter to the southern district of man at four arraignment and as the helicopter flew by the twin towers one of the agents points at the towers and says they're still standing. rangi also takes a glance it looks back stoically it says more money and more time and they would not be and he was pretty correct. buddhas why again in one nine hundred twenty. you says truck in one nine hundred ninety three. the car bomb was back on american soil in every major government building was now a target. when i first came to washington tourists just pull up for the white house and take pictures the intent of the capitol was to make it an open place that americans could come walk around drive around it's all gone oh it mean this is

a city under siege. it's thanks to the car bomb. naively i always thought the threat would come from a. sees never from the heartland of america itself and in oklahoma the dream of the car turned nightmare. on the morning of the nineteenth of april one thousand nine hundred ninety five p. murrah federal building in oklahoma city in the midwest was destroyed in an explosion. the massive bomb killed one hundred sixty eight mostly government office workers and shocked america. this was born in the usa terrorism. on the orders of president clinton dave williams was again assigned as chief

investigator. oklahoma city. absolutely. some of the things that i saw in the y.m.c.a. which is cross the street from the building and it was blood spatter and there were little children's hand prints and then it was a children's daycare center and there was blood everywhere chocolate milk and cookies and teddy bears were fingers in here. and that's terrorism when you come right down to it. within that first hour my swag my scientific while ask yes was that four thousand pounds of van full was used very simple combination of ammonium nitrate fertilizer and diesel fuel oil but one of the good breaks was that within minutes jim norman who was an f.b.i.

bomb tech in oklahoma city heard the blast saw the blast got his car and drove down and as he's running up to the belly here someone calling his name and it turns out to be a fireman. and he shows them a rear axle with a differential housing and this looks like it was probably part of the vehicle bomb struck a fortune also on that on the differential housing is a matrix number which identifies that make model year and owner of that vehicle turns out it was another ryder truck and was rented out of junction city kansas by a fellow with the name of robert cloying. playing turned out to be an alias but f.b.i. agents obtained a detailed photo fit and appealed for information on t.v. . and we got a call from the dreamland motel in kansas who said they stayed here. by cross

referencing calls made from the room and criminal records the f.b.i. raible to a dentist by a key suspect. we get a hit on timothy mcveigh in perry county oklahoma about eighty five miles north of oklahoma city and he was in jail for of course we're going to call the jail to see if he's still there and it was so funny that the individual that answer the phone there said yeah we have a timothy mcveigh here and it is walking by going for his bail hearing please hold on to. say was arrested just two hours after the bombing as he made his get away it was a routine traffic offense. he was stopped by a state trooper charlie hanger for not displaying a valid license plate he was carrying a concealed weapon. how do you know that mcveigh was a right wing militia fanatic who thought the us federal government were tyrants.

it was a cold misplaced rage by one man. but with a rented truck and some cheap i'm. fertilizer. with the same power. by the federal government. still at eight hundred dollars. to other potential. but the next. vehicle borne improvised explosive device would shake the world.

into the twin towers. it was truly. explosive device. the united states invaded iraq and afghanistan. the. tactical battlefield weapon. militarily the u.s. invasion of iraq was. just three weeks. three hundred. defeated an army of a half a million seizing a country the size of california. but this stunning victory turn once coalition forces occupied iraqi cities.

former u.s. marine colonel thomas hammes served in iraq and is a leading military analyst. what did the car bomb mean for iraq. i think the car bomb changed the basic tactical situation in iraq successful counterinsurgency is based on being among the people close to them when you start bombing and you start to withdraw both government forces the police in iraq and u.s. forces in behind bomb barriers you cut off communication the people the car bomb separated the government from the people and at the same time inflicted casualties so it was the other big piece of an insurgency in other words kaminski american people were losing car bomb can't be stopped time to get out. insurgents use car bombs against any target the u.n.

religious shrines police stations and street markets. the blast of the car bomb turned blitzkrieg to defeat. to counter the car bomb the u.s. military has established. joint improvised explosive device defeat organization. with an annual budget of four billion dollars. most of those work is top secret vast electronic countermeasures to jam remotely detonated bombs . but some of it is just good old fashioned intelligence. will we defeat the car bomb for i don't think you can ever say that a car is a commercial entity and you go buy a car and then if you want to go get some fertilizer if you've got a few stray rounds of one five five shells such a file and i mean just suddenly you can make

a car bomb and so it's not something that you're ever going to be able to eliminate from the battlefield because the components are all there. across the world governments are hardening their buildings putting up barriers defenses against suicide truck bomber as. downing street in the white house are turning into fortresses. the car bomb is it the greatest terrorist weapon. it is in my opinion a car bomb is it wreaks terror in everyone any kruk any car any vehicle that drives by could be a bomb laden vehicle. i could only see it getting more enhanced by any chemical biological or nuclear material yes the vehicle bomb is probably the most devastating most impact a terrorist could have an indiscriminate killer how do we stop it i don't believe we can. there is one sure way we could defeat the car bomb. we could

walk. but we won't and we can't. the car is as basic a tool of our civilization as a knife. the car is no longer a dream of freedom it's our necessity. but as long as there are cars there will be car bombs. truly the car bomb in its make your own simplicity in its perfect invisibility is and will be the decisive weapon of conflict.

that i kill innocent kids allies across the face of course and that's never ants. on the songs on those cars filled with me i think of it every day. i steal the flashbacks from the memories and. i saw my soul a long time i'm just here trying to help. i was ashamed. i was ashamed that i didn't. i was ashamed that i had been a hero why i got my arm i got my legs i'm alive.

but in the mind. what i want to be out of. and out what i was going on once or i think. that i was a good soldier. but now i'm a soldier on the other side and i think i'm just as good.

the russian empire. to save. five hundred tons of gold. dozens of. the train. station. a century long way. the mystery of the.

facts all science fiction. at an international conference into the disease. at the. stuffer immigration. critics say the. ten pm saturday night here in moscow.