new ways of tackling a hiv are unveiled at an international aids conference in vienna but some label it as nothing more than a pharmaceutical marketing found. that the conquest of space was one of the main goals for the soviet union and the u.s. during the cold war special report now looks at who was behind the rivals in orbit that's up next stay with us. that was in the sixteenth century. once there lived a chinese nobleman by the name of one who is most cherished ambition was to go to the moon using the resources available seven powder cakes to a bamboo lawn chair then he put on his best clothes and ignited the bowels. when the smoke cleared after the explosion there was neither a trace of nor of. history is rich with ill fated attempts to get into space but in the twentieth century two remarkable men did come to the

skies but this time around they used rocket engines rather than exploding armchairs to propel them into. their names then. they were the architects of the american and russian space programs. eternal rivals in the battle to reach out to space. made their first attempts to reach for the stars in their childhood as a boy in the soviet union so gay designed simple gliders but as time went by he came up with a more sophisticated rocket propelled craft as for venice at the age of twelve he created a prototype rocket by equipping a crate with fireworks he also. built a walking wagon that he launched in his hometown and apparently this wagon he had had mounted rockets he had made on it and it knighted that

ran down the main street of his hometown and. who was von braun's long time private secretary says venet attracted police attention many times for firing things into the air nowadays buckbee often takes people on a tour of the space museum in huntsville where each exhibit is related to von braun . but the best storyteller of. exploits is his only daughter natalia she wrote about him in three volumes of memoirs simply titled my father. with these this is a picture of the first soviet rocket it was launched on august seventeenth one thousand nine hundred thirty three though it spent only eight hundred seconds in the air in the quiet altitude of four hundred meters it was a spectacular success going to. moscow in the one nine hundred thirty s. was a time of daring ambition and breathtaking endeavor it's one group of young scientists infusing as a model they have to try and turn fantasy into reality they were so desperately

short of money that they had to hire a tram to take this second rocket to its launch pad. was the driving force behind the team researching propulsion they kept saying to each other we will go to mars yes we will. rested for high treason in nineteen thirty eight but for many years he didn't know why he protested his innocence despite brutal questioning and only broke down when interrogators showed him a picture of his daughter saying she'd be orphaned if he didn't confess ten years in prison at the height of stalin's purges. i was five years old when my mother and i went to see him i did not know he had been arrested i had been told that he was away because he was the pilot when we entered small room a warden came in through another door. i said papa how could you possibly lend your airplane in that small courtyard at that moment the warden chipped in you know dear

landing here is no problem but getting out of here is a very difficult. after his prison term was moved to russia's remote east where inmates were forced to mine for gold camp in banks died every day. dropped to just forty five kilos during his time that he lost more than half his teeth due to scale but he survived because stalin needed rocket scientists for the soviet union's meteors shield. was released six years later he told his daughter wife. and mother about his life in the camp only once he asked them not to bring the subject up again and to steer clear of gold ornaments. served his term in a good light then a von braun was in nazi germany rising through the ranks on the s.s.

command he started work on a secret project after had ordered his scientists to create a weapon capable of hitting distant targets. up to several setbacks the infamous v two rocket was created it was the world's first ballistic missile ready to fire. and this is an old house in a small provincial town in central germany it's a place of simple beauty and quiet gentle life. the town also has a special museum the wagon outside the entrance is like those used to bring thousands of people to this tranquil place in one thousand nine hundred three to a notorious concentration camp most of the exhibits though are underground.

the v. two was made here at this secret some to raney and plant its workman with inmates from the metal band during labor camp which was a part of involved now we're entering the original tunnel a see huge tunnel as you can see with about twelve mistress. and this model you can see two. crossed. a b and forty six cross tunnels built by concentration camp prisoners in the last years of the war if you look down here you can see an origin. and which was moved from the behind here to show it to visitors. the prisoners spent half

a year underground without seeing so much as a sliver of daylight at the time they didn't know the purpose of the tunnels but they later realized that they had been putting together a monstrous weapon designed to destroy their homes countries and loved ones they had to sleep in their. thought any equipment only wooden. sanitary conditions where catastrophic people died after just two or three months of intolerable work the dead were replaced with new inmates soviet people made up one third of the door of prison population. the b two b. ones were unique weapons because these were the only weapons where more people died building them then people died by using these weapons. half of the six thousand rockets made to the underground plants during the eighteen months

of his existence were faulty the inmates did all they could to make sure the weapons remained on the ground they breached production ruse and use defective components. thirty five thousand inmates died during the plant's lifetime. it cost six human lives. without doubt then of von braun paid several visits to the facility when he went down into the tunnels he saw hundreds of dead inmates but apparently. did not seem fazed much later his face appeared on the cover of time magazine he shook hands with president kennedy and was awarded medals his impassioned glorification of american democracy came much later too but in maine one nine hundred forty five the s.s. major was faced with a choice. did. so. he

was reflecting with his colleagues what to do after the german defeat and in forty four they decided most of them decided to go with the americans. surprisingly the americans welcomed their former enemies despite the fact that a new conflict was on the horizon the cold war. many of my. friends who flew with russians their first job was to learn how to fly an airplane to go bomb russia the american people looked at these these people the local people anyway as being able to assist us in developing a new system for defense of the country the americans won the space race but did we win the space race when you look at the fathers of space in the last century you have one of on who is german and then you look at the russians have served. he had

spent time in the gulag and some of his first designs that he did on aviation where were from the gulag. was eventually released from prison and was no longer an enemy of the soviet people in fact he became his country's protect i'm a chief designer of a ballistic missile called item number one. even lost his identity and was now a top secret somebody working on a top secret. get a mind when they went to germany they started to study german technology. was first so long and able to perform his job ended up diving deeper into the work he loved so much. made a faithful replica of the v. to roll on stalin's orders although it was successfully launched realized that the rocket was not good enough he was sure he could make an even better one. and he did it was cold the.

soviet union and the united states would neck and neck in the construction of long range missiles but that changed in one nine hundred fifty seven in the midst of the cold his race became the space race. on the morning of october fifth hundred years in the united states began picking up on signals from space a couple of hours later president eisenhower was told about the russian of the first satellite he cut short his vacation stock exchange shares took a shop down to exactly the russians and launched into space was totally unclear we couldn't even figure out what sputnik meant we kept referring to it as a bomb and we were trying to write a headline right soviet union put a bomb in space they said oh no don't call it

a bomb though we eventually realized it was a scientific satellite. the world sputnik was soon to become familiar with the english language launch numbers of people stayed away from hook to try and hear the beeping sound from the satellite they gathered on rooftops in the hope of seeing a little spot of manmade light blinking up in the sky all they did was take this small extra payload on top of the long range ballistic missile and sent him into orbit and then someone had the idea to do that so you would hear it and that transform the world as we know it. the women's has changed for example like this came into fashion in japan. only a handful of people at the sputnik being designed by said. his name did not appear anyway it was soviet leader nikita khrushchev the one. if you were a straight our spotlight is certainly. the earth and the waiting for american and

other sputniks to show up side by side with it before commonwealth of sputnik's. i. phone braun's attempt to launch the first u.s. satellite ended in the vanguard to explode. when you. called my father to tell him that he should launch another sputnik in time for the anniversary of the one nine hundred seventeen october revolution which was close at hand but people had gone on vacation and had to be summoned back. khrushchev wanted something more than just another sputnik he wanted something entirely new. given less than a month to invent one there were neither blueprints no quality control the whole enterprise depended on trust throughout his career was always looking for people willing to forgo food and sleep and work through the night. is

a psychologist from russia's space research center star city he used to work under . oil he was a great man it was enough for him to look at you and you got a wealth of information we didn't even though he was with his subordinates he had a very delicate soul. it was a four legged cosmonaut that was the first living creature to head towards the stars a dog called lika when she was launched into space there were tears in her size time magazine called her the world's most lonely and miserable dog that was true it was a one way ticket for like a monument was unveiled in moscow to mark the fiftieth anniversary of her space mission. is this monument to commemorate the dogs greatest. people bring treats you know what would look someone has even brought a candy here for the dog. show some even bring sausages for the lovely.

at that time it was impossible to retrieve a sputnik from all the people around the world accused the soviet union of animal cruelty. was of undoubted benefit to science scientists were unsure whether the biological functions could work in zero gravity i mean there are so many things we take for granted today but with the heart pump in zero gravity would blood flow and zero gravity would your mind you know be alert in zero gravity meanwhile the americans too would launching animals into the stratosphere notably monkeys they were put under anaesthetic but they also died in their missions. but eventually there was a happy ending with. that both were well behaved. just to stay became pittance even so one day flight was problem free and they became the

first creatures ever to safely return from. the soviet mongrels one instant fame trombonist something that pedigree could ever dream of soon after returning to earth gave birth to six healthy pups nikita khrushchev gave one of them to president kennedy's daughter caroline it was a constant reminder to the rest of the soviet space program had defeated him in the first round of the space race. wealthy british soil it's time to. market weiner scandal. find out what's really happening to the global economy with mike strong. the no holds barred look at the global financial headlines tune

in to cause a report. to be soon which brightened if you knew the song from finest impression it's. nice clean stop totty dot com. he has snow white smile conquered millions of hops he was a welcome guest around the world and the epitome of mankind's dreams. the first man in space. was among those who wanted to take part in the national celebration. but his

colleagues barred from the red square. nobody recognized. the need to promise to compete when the nobel committee asked crucial theory to disclose the name of the chief designer who made it possible for the first sputnik and forgotten to go into space who showed said the entire nation created the advanced technology it. never complained about the fact that his health had been affected by the prison camp all the public could not associate him with the space program he had no time for that he was busy turning his dreams into reality. loved eureka guarin as though he were his own son. but his yuri gagarin complemented each other as personalities they were a composite all with each other sometimes they didn't even need to talk the first u.s. astronauts alan shepard went into space a month after go and spend only fifteen minutes there could go in.

braun was clearly losing the race. tired of being. coming in second he was it was pretty well i think discussed it with the system the government system that we were operating under not realizing that the russians were really technology smart. very much in. television and even. space travel so the american public he was the first salesman. if we were to stop what they organized and will support that space. i believe a practical passenger rocket could be built and tested within ten years. the press also joined in on the space race italian and american newspapers claimed that eleven cosmonauts went into space before did and never return to earth. they were

known as the so-called missing cosmonauts. even gave their names to lend credibility to the stories. i was married to one of the names of. her. chest not true it was a form of relaxation. it was a tester he often told her about how he had spent six months in a camp into the ocean he was compelled to live high in the mountains where there was a severe shortage of oxygen and he went through training in a fast spinning centrifuge there they were asked to press a button if the speed was too much for them but they never did because they had an overpowering desire to serve their country in space exploration chose to ignore

this train so that they would be allowed to go into space. needless to say good noddy's of a dog ski was stunned by a newspaper report claiming he was dead. he immediately called his mother to tell her he was ok then he at the of a supposedly missing cosmonauts wrote an article for a soviet newspaper headlined the gadhafi says gentleman. so you would have a nice rule that is something of a joke they even liked it because they meant somebody knew them and had put them on the map so to speak. and as husband died in two thousand and two but it had nothing to do with any fabricated space experiments. there was a time when the dimia bootle wanted to be a cosmos a special kind of cosmonaut soon after garden space flight. of announced he was going to draw on engineers at his enterprise to put together

a group of cosmonauts their job would be to assemble three parts of a giant ship one obeys the spacecraft would then head to miles from there it was great dream von braun's ambition of the time didn't extend beyond reaching the moon . spoke of the lunar race was an invention in reality there was no lunar rates. shows off his secret notebook it contains drafts and other details relating to the mas project. so i put down a wizard had sold me and launched a morse was scheduled for early one nine hundred seventy four. if his notes are anything to go by so did not start on a new no project until one thousand nine hundred sixty four but von braun had been working on it for three years following president kennedy's announcement of plans to conquer the moon but was compelled to focus his attention on the moon instead of mars and other planets he's known to have regarded the planets as his priority

objective truth. by nineteen sixty four who showed had their luzhin though we might outside. if we failed to land on the moon then at least we could fly around it and head of them that's who might be nice and. surprisingly declared don't give the moon away to the americans. did not believe. too much time had already been wasted. we raised a flag for the american flag on the surface of the congratulation i really believe that the soviet union. the us to the moon. in our day and we did that in the sixty's and i think it was because there was serious competition between the two countries.

so i didn't get to see strong take the first step on the surface he died in nine hundred sixty six during some routine surgery his anonymity died with him and his identity was finally defied triggering a wave of the. streets when they. failed in his own even the group said. that he never realized the work could be done by just one person. my father liked to say that people can travel into space issued by train he was absolutely sure that outer space was not empty and people must live and work there he said.

see americans and russians in space together. in one hundred seventy five the so he . the project put an end to the space race. i'm approaching so use. less than five meters. three meters. i like chocolates most of all like the struggle of chocolates a location. cosmonaut valeri could bounce off was part of the soyuz apollo project and often visits this museum he remembers every minute of his mission the food what they talked about and how they welcomed the apollo crew lives there this award which is a good suit vapor labels from ball tolls off bald go with us. and when we were up

there i randomly pasted them on a couple of cubes and one of them turned out to be filled with borsch and the other with some kind of a tomato paste board and it went american astronauts stafford and dick slayton said salmon on the table. i showed them that use and you know yeah good idea they said. today new cosmonauts a set to go into space one by one of the countries are creating their space programs india and japan and china has already launched its own cosmonauts into space even wealthy tourists pay for a trip to the stasi the ceiling carol yobs prophecy. maybe one day the time may come when space flights will be routine excursions curious travelers might take pictures of themselves against the backdrop of an extinct volcano make

enough to venice on or in front of the crater to sergei cover off.

the latest news on the week's top stories from sun scorched we show you how one city of ten million people is coping in the grip of record high temperatures. keep off the grass. and he will protesters is forcibly removed from westminster. sitting target for security is blamed for an attack on a hydro power plant in southern russia which leaves today. and israeli court convicted. by deception for sleeping with a woman while pretending to be jewish. new ways of tackling hiv unveiled an international aids conference in vienna label it as nothing more than a pharmaceutical marketing.