in oakridge tennessee los alamos. new mexico and hanford washington just to produce to research how to make the bombs and make the materials and from which to make the bombs so this effort has been going on a long time ever since the beginning of the war and einstein wrote a letter for franklin roosevelt saying that it might be possible to make an atomic weapon so all this had been going on and we had started preparing to drop the atom bomb in the fall of one nine hundred forty four before we even had a bomb we were with we were if you were about poker player you'd say you're betting on the come so that's what happened then they had a test of that one of the first week of atomic bombs in. alamogordo new mexico you know on july sixteenth of one nine hundred forty five forty five years after

that that everything started getting hotter and everything of that time and we knew we were going to have a weapon the drop so then we had a paradigm we had already been preparing to drop it so if we didn't have a drama by this time we never would the day before we had a briefing in the morning and then they told you to go back and get some sleep because you have to take off at two forty five am everything started two forty five and so then you went back and. to get some sleep and i would nobody slept how they expected so you're going out drop the first atomic bomb and then go get some sleep eight o'clock at night they came and got us finally and then took us over and gave us the final breakfast in a sort of business i call the final breakfast they call it the mission breakfast and then over to define a briefing where they gave you the latest might have been better or data told you where all the air sea rescue ships were and everything of that type any final things that they needed to know so then we finally finished all that were done the

airplane it took off there we simple he went once he got on the plane what was it like how are you feeling it was easy because everything went exactly according to plan there wasn't a surprise in a whole bunch and with what we had prepared for and had been expecting and everything of that type all this time you could see this city of you can see the coast of japan good two hundred miles away i mean that you know. you could see the city of here is seen from fifty miles away so you just went in and turned on the bomb on him but this time was in the bombardiers answer and you said turn and waited for the drop on the drop came the plane surged because somebody lost ninety four hundred pounds and timbers took over manual control again and made the turn to get away from the bomb the biggest thing that we were concerned about was is just bomb going to work because this was

a bomb that had never been tested this was you know a uranium two thirty five bomb that had never been tested the one they tested was approved tony a bomb so it wasn't going to work or wasn't going to work and it took forty five seconds from the time the bomb left the airplane until they exploded everybody was sitting there time again some way shape or form i had a watch so i knew what that time was that other people were counting one thousand and one one thousand and two and so forth and. suddenly the bomb went off and you saw a bright flash of light in the airplane if you knew the thing at work and the only question then was why was i going to do it in the airplane so we were going away from it at this time we got putting distance between us and the bomb kept that up after a little very short time we got the first shock wave which is measured about three and a half g.'s you know up there in washington you know all these military people you know what a three g. is and everything of that type so does seem like much to

a fighter pilot but if you want to be twenty nine at thirty thousand feet seems like a hell of a job so when we turned around after you weren't sure we weren't going to my shock waves we turned around the look what had happened and the shock wave of the city of hiroshima was completely covered with smoke and dust and you could not you knew it tremendous amount of damage had been done underneath that cloud there and everything but you could not see what it was when they tested the first atomic bomb in new mexico as you mention robert oppenheimer his of course the mastermind behind the manhattan project i read a quote from him and he said you know few people cried it must first silent how did you feel when that bomb detonated and i was happy to work that's number one you know we had been in a long war we had been attacked by the japanese the japanese people were not nice people in those days my next door neighbor was

a prisoner of war all the time has more stories about this to tell i can tell but we had to but tahn death march the all the casualties we took on the solomons and the sort of thing that i wanted the policy of the united states government at that time was to subdue the nation of japan and i was willing to do anything i could do to help that out and that was. my policy also was to that country was trying to subdue japan and i was trying to do also to subdue japan let me make one comment here the japanese you know today or not the japanese we fought during world war two the japanese that they are nice people and everything of that type we've had japanese students living with us in our homes in california for many many years and they are and of their. can ask for better but the japanese during

world war two are not that nice of people and that's all say about them do you think that the japanese people will ever be able to forgive thing americans after all this destruction and both nagasaki or i don't know their will or not a program for fiber if i had been living in here or schumer and i got saki at that particular time i probably won't forgive me either because those people suffered an awful lot but whether they will accept it or not dropping the atomic bomb saved their lives and our lives japanese lives if we had had to invade japan the japanese casualties would have been much much much much higher and our casualties would have been terrific you know they're still giving out purple hearts that were made to get allowed in the invasion of japan we still haven't used up all the purple hearts that were manufactured at that time it was not

a nice war fifty million people got killed during world war two and they all have bad stories to tell about it and hindsight do you think that there was any way to avoid it using the atomic weapon any other option that would have achieved the same call three main options one was to put a blockade around japan and start of the people the death how do you a star of people of death are already living on one thousand calories you can't do it. a second and then yeah the two options were dropped the atomic weapons or put a full scale invasion into japan the atomic weapons would have can result in a less casually overall than if the invasion of japan would have done and if you ask any g.i. that what they're going to buddy with it was in a service over and over the pacific and you have their little of the atomic bomb

and i think my next door neighbor came over here when he found out what i did to dumping the atomic bomb and he came over here at six o'clock one morning pounding on my door says i just found out what you did you saved my life and i says are you proud of my door at six o'clock again the i thought i won't say but big that's all i can say but everybody is in the pacific at the time says will come up to me and say you saved my life do you regret being on that mission that dropped the first ever atomic bomb i regret we ever had to have my so i regret every mission i had over europe and everything of that type i dropped a lot of bombs over there that killed people and probably killed several israeli arms but do i regret the atomic mission i regret we had to do it as a fellow here you have the day and what was it he was saying that the japanese should apologize to was for making us drop the atomic bomb that was a new twist on things i've ever had heard before but i don't regret that we had to do it but i think we had to do it nordic and the war with a minimum loss of life so you know chris the issue as nuclear warfare is still very

relevant today is the threat of nuclear war so lingers is there anything that you would like to say the politicians today that are control of the world's nuclear stockpiles i say that any politician any diplomat anybody in any five. area of authority today i would like never to see another atomic weapon used but i'm afraid we're going to we will not see it by russia or we will not see it by the major powers or anything else i dread the day when the terrorists are going to get their clear weapons because they are not near as thoughtful of the consequences of nuclear bombings as we are as major powers are and they will toss in a wild like matchsticks i'm afraid my last question for you if world war three

broke out today god for bad and you were given the same order if you were they said go drop an atomic bomb on whatever city would you do it again if everything was exactly the same as you had was them that's the point we you'd have got i know it's not possible to really duplicate things that precisely but if this same situation existed again exactly as there as it had back in one thousand nine hundred five yes i would go on it i would volunteer for about some other fact i don't want to go to war. for bush. but i always buy one vote for kerry for character so the people that are going to be validating this machine can stand

there all day long and vote for somebody and it will be right every time but the guy can walk up here and if he hits the right buttons. he can flip the boat that he took. fifty fifty. five. every month we give you the future we hope you understand how it will get there and what tomorrow brings the best in science and technology from across russia and around the world. join us for technology update on our jeep.

the number of dead in russia's heat wave rises to fifty two firefighters stepped up the battle as wildfires approach areas contaminated after the turn noble catastrophe has been engulfed in a cloud of smog making it almost impossible to see or breathe some flights being

disrupted. hiroshima calls for a nuclear free world as it marks sixty five years since the atomic bomb which destroyed the city more than one hundred forty thousand people died in the blast and from radiation poisoning after the u.s. dropped the bomb. and as the new polish president promised while commercial skiing is sworn in until late leader lech kaczynski comes back into the picture hundreds of people gathered in front of the presidential palace to protest against the moving of a memorial cross built in his honor. time now for the latest sport with andrew from . hello there welcome to the sport and this is what is coming up over the next few minutes siberian express opinion maybe europa league playoffs after beating him or

so on the way to go. plus the spending spree continues is there any sign rubin countenancing. anti-gay is in trouble at the world golf championship with his number one ranking on this thread. but we start with a football where the european dream continues to russian side sabir they may be bottom of the russian premier league but have made it to the europa league playoffs beating limits solve on a where you go was the siberian side that won the first leg and even though they lost to one last night in cyprus it meant a tie finish to two and i could get with the beer making the playoffs stage on the away goals rule. with the vital strike disappear the purpose will determine which teams make the group stage and also through a gala task events is and liverpool also made it a said one aggregate win is the. start got edge molder well much carve a little n.p.r. of course upon

a way to go. but behind the biggest. inspiration side. had lost the first place i thought i. won three but i turned things upside down in the second i. tried some people think she. should i remember standing at the time and so i put them in the next round as they won. three far i brazilian side international or through to the final of the copper limited tourist a loss to understand paolo and the second leg of their semifinal but it meant a tie finish to. to you and i good with international going through on a way go see it was the host who opened the scoring thirty minutes each time paolo were ruthless through the. i their businesses level masses they soon after the break the goal which again comes from the free kick well into the area

there are sandro maybe one all night go prove to be crucial two minutes later to cardo livia found himself marked and stayed calm enough to give decided to one victory on the night but despite the loss this international progress on the way to go one way i think it's been close people in the final or so back in moscow spot that moscow coached by larry caffein says he expects to sign celtic's aiden mcgeady next week adding the winger had made a very good impression on the club during his visit to the russian capital over the last two days but while i wait for that spot i have unveiled another new signing arjun time defend it nicholas put out here is fatima spivak. nicholas baraka is given a map of moscow as a present from some russian journalists the media didn't want their agenda and offended to get lost in the big city however by record certainly won't have a lot of time to explore russia's capital at least not in its early days it's

parked up there or than whites are struggling to break into the leading role in the premier league however hard work doesn't scare the former espanyol defend it in. sport duck or agree team i'm happy to be here what i've already noticed is that my new partner surveyor skillfull that encourages me i can't wait to make my debut for the club the fee for the argentinian is said to be around ten million euros and the defender will wear number nineteen at his new club the moscow i'd said leader of challengers from the need and says guards assigned a defender on a four year deal and ready to carbon is fully aware of its advantages in our premier but in medicine are going well we needed a strong center back our defense has been below par so far this season we just hope people are just you quickly. but i certainly want to be the last to spot doc some assigning as the most vocal up doing all they can to bring i didn't my get to the stadium the russian giants are ready to provide the irish star was

a personal driver border guard and crew however my d.d. hasn't made up his mind the year but one thing's for sure he won't be able to help us work dark in this sunday clash was archrivals he needs to have the most avoid side has a perfect chance to get their own company back on track but he must give up r g i mean miles the need to have signed rubin captains on a two and a half year deal the thirty four year old passed by more than four hundred matches in the russian prime league scoring ninety seven goals just last month is any sign moving stuff forward alexander who put off i'm recently brought in defender bruno alvarez from porto as cochin-china splatting strengthens his squad for their champions league campaign. under my will in the meantime still have said very gassy mask walked in the twenty three year old paid in a public training session and made ongoing speculation of a move to barcelona so far the spanish champions a failed to persuade the gunners

to sell their star midfielder but roos remain about his future at the emirates the manager arsene vanga the high place to keep fabregas in the side in their quest to find the time silverware and it's been five years since arsenal last lifted a try for. another new tiger woods has had a shocking start to the world golf championship in ohio a tournament he needs to do well and to keep hold of his number one ranking he must know it wasn't going to be his day when a big davis replied up came back down and hit him on the head on the eleventh hole left. and he wasn't having much luck on the greens either woods carving a four over par seventy four with a lie by the seventy eighth place one man vying for that number one ranking is the u.s. masters champion phil mickelson he's two strokes off the lead. from bubba watson watson himself shot a six under sixty four in his opening round england's lee westwood could also take the number one spot is seven shots back. now russia's biggest possible star under

kurylenko says he regrets missing out on the upcoming world championships the utah jazz forward is recovering from injury but has been in moscow promoting the sport and taking time to catch up with the national team caring nickname be a k forty seven was on hand at the popular under the bridge playground in moscow and said despite being out of action he still appreciates being around the russia squawk. so there was a very serious look at all the furthest from the lawsuits this is needed i have to make the decision to sleep he will not make you change everything he says or on the spot three months which is a lot long long time in the playoffs you know so it's really easy to say it's a part of your feeling good to. believe we really need to play it's. pretty serious but there are guards. there are a little safer just have been. talk to the older guys i think like it's

a huge i agree with securing the streets so everybody the same pace coaches players all the stuff they want to feel like. they're really working hard they really want to do a. thirty two over stay in moscow because the newly formed russian olympic committee convene for the first time on thursday is first decision came from the limpid head alexander as you called me she jested reducing the executive board say twenty people have been selected improved to lead russia's athletes to the twenty twelve and twenty fourteen olympics the body also passed a project called the strategy for the development of the russian olympic committee which includes changing the regulation of the greek and the long term development of a lympics court in russia. dollars a month i'm very pleased that almost everyone has approved the document on the developments. try to do for the next ten years and that's for the first time in the

history of the committee it's important that all of federations non-government organizations and regional members support our strategy for me the most inspiring thing from this meeting is that there is a clear understanding that only caught ratio between government and non-government organizations can produce success and the only aim we have is providing excellent facilities for our fleets so they can concentrate on their performances and finally one stage of the european trip racing championship will be held in russia for the first time this weekend the race will take place near the western city of smolensk while some muscovites are already getting a head start and checking out the competition team hold truck racing showed off their vehicles in red square while the championship sell russian driver alexander of off was busy answering questions from curious tourists while his employees were full of praise for. three years ago we started with the russian driver to give all

the russian drivers assurance in the european directories and i started three years ago as i said before. we are very successful with him we were very good together with the russian. and the russian t.v. we promote europeans like this also here in russia alexander is very helpful in this side and he's a very very nice guy all the team members love him and they like to work together with him. he's a good man is now that source ball from i'm back with more support in a couple of asked. vote for bush. the bush always adds by one vote for kerry for kerry so the people that are going to be validating this machine can stand there all day long and vote for somebody and it will be right every time but the guy can walk up here and if he hits the right button. he can flip the boat that he didn't.

see. much brighter. movement from things to. start on t.v. don't. cultures that so much different each musician on. what is culture powerful than ideology today with the rise of emerging economies is the right prone to more clashes.

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one of the key elements of democracy. which is so uncomfortable for me authority. who pays for the news. how dependent use this independent media. and who is behind the t.v. story. georgian media fiction and reality on t.v. . the number of dead in russia's heat wave rises to system to step up the battle as wildfires approach areas contaminated by the term noble catastrophe. as most of us continue to suffer from small it's already impeding the city's apple explorer

several flights have already been delayed them all join me race notion of in just a few seconds. calls for a nuclear free world as it marks sixty five years since the atomic bomb was destroyed the city took in tens of thousands of lives also. on use of chemical steel is being sworn in as bold and snoop president i mean protests in central polish joining us from warsaw for the latest details. it's five pm in moscow and this is our two coming to you live with me and he said no way now with the summer heat wave fueling wildfires in twenty two regions across russia the death toll has risen to fifty two more than three and a half thousand people have been left homeless meanwhile the capital is shrouded in

dense smaug the worst the city's ever experienced safety vivants has more. this is the smog has been since the fires have started and it's disrupting air travel to small just really has and has blanketed the capital have blanketed. moscow actually and the doctors are taking people to take telling people take heed no matter how healthy they are saying to stay indoors and if you have to the reason they're urging you to wear a mask it's awful outside it mean it hurts to breathe this stuff and then once you do taste it for hours after you've gone inside your home so state and if you have to also getting reports that in certain areas throughout the air quality is twenty times poorer than usual so this is a very serious situation this is all going down as firefighters continue to battle blazes throughout the country six hundred fires and so.