it's for ten years when locals told us about it they said she had once been sheltered in the caves first tunnel when we first came here we did see tracks left by sheep yes that's right i remember the first time i came here we did see tracks left by sheep. the cave extends for more than a kilometer several narrow corridors hide a large central chamber the cave walls are covered in drip stones tights and still like mines. the north caucasus largest bat hibernates deep underneath the ground they represent the redbook species. and the horseshoe nosed bat more than two thousand bats gather here in the winter they cuddle together in order to survive the cold weather in summer they fly to the foothills and return again in autumn

they start preparing for migration in early spring when they split up into smaller groups. sometimes i find all of the boats covered with jew. they look very nice like covered in tinsel. ok visit closed ecosystem the humidity is one hundred percent and the temperature in the caves is constant which is exactly what bats need human should avoid staying in the caves for too long as they start to have an impact on the special climate conditions. fuck. you hear them calling. this means we've warmed up they're confined habitat. if they start flying around they will use up their fat a may not survive until spring. so let's get out of here . through.

back the rangers run into an unexpected obstacle to our riverbed starts to filling with water the water is now blocking their path. a few hours later no vehicle be able to clear this hurdle the only path to the cave will be gradually immersed in water it will be impossible to use it again before next spring. the are doing river springs from the glaciers of the greater caucasus mountain range it runs the length of the nature reserve scientists say more than one hundred mountain streams and springs swiftly replenished with water.

hunting in the reserves prohibited armed rangers make daily rounds of its territory as a rule their routes run through the wooded slopes of mountain gorges. inhabit the foothills unfortunately they still fall easy prey to hunters because they're obvious targets they like grazing in spaces and rarely go uphill. lenoir scattered across the reserve reflect the history of. people first began using caves and overhanging rocks as. a loans where

the ancestors of the. they built stone fortifications overlooking mountain paths so they'd be more easily defensible. in those days even tempered was unable to cross this territory the highlanders blocked the mountain passes and pelted his troops with stones. these tel was built in the middle ages. period dates back to the fourteenth or seventeenth century. celebrated architectural landmarks of ancient north. they differ in height and shape as a rule extended families lived in short towers. were used as lookout points and for other defensive purposes the towers were built close to villages and gorges with paths used by troops on foot and on horseback many were extensions of

clips. protection from. was served as. if people manning which tell was in the lowest lying villages at the entrance to the door which noticed approaching enemy troops then they would lie. so the smoke. was in remote parts of the gold. in accordance with a long standing tradition. to take no more than a year if builders failed to meet the deadline the structure was pulled down and built a new towers belonging to the same clan were regarded as sanctuaries in due course they became symbols of the clans power and wealth as time went by they turned into veritable objects of worship.

one of the most revered sanctuaries of the people is a medieval architectural site called. located in the gorge one thousand nine hundred meters above sea level. well i can test indicates that here. from here in the chance or eleventh century. this fence was built a couple of centuries later. initially in orthodox church was here but when orthodoxy grew weaker it was turned into a pagan sanctuary. city to discos and animals killed by hunters were brought here. scientists don't yet know exactly when the recall was built only logs were used to make it no nails or anything made of.

course poles support the wooden roof they feature patterns that look like a camel's head resting on a long neck. arrow and spirit heads have been found here according to legend the oldest city in prince tar was kept here hasn't that in travelers visiting this place in the eighteenth century zoid. only natural features are destined to be the reserves eternal landmarks. over the centuries water and wind have crafted unique mountain landscapes. many of them are hidden from the inquisitive eyes of tourists. only the staff of the nature reserve their location. if. this will

file is called the ring it is a unique natural feature of this century. has broken through limestone beds here to make a hole in the shape of a ring there was a reflector that it forms a rainbow. like this one are rare not only in the caucasus but in the entire world the stone is about two metres wide. its broadest part consists of three layers of limestone the age of the rock is estimated between one hundred and one hundred twenty million years. absolutely. i would say it's the standard for natural water. in the limestone of the kerio range there also is crystal clear up to filtering through many kilometers of limestone not over.

the cut since q canyon with rock terraces grados and knishes begins right under the ring waterfall it took the car to go on mountain stream. thousands of years to force its way through the. good. many tones from cliff tops and terrorists. a stream winds are no loops through this tone. this is. very clean water for life but it's a rare species in the mountain streams of the caucasus. the canyons must date back to the period in winter they're covered with heights they're known as weeping walls because of the constantly dripping water in summer.

the reserves melt and streams overflow their banks in early spring but they're not the main threat to the mountain paths rockslide said in with the arrival of warm weather. cream. cakes. classic a deeper than the. remainder of. his devotion to feel.

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in spring. and in the mountains of the north reserve. this is the best time for observing what are otherwise quite secretive animals and scientists take full advantage of the opportunity. getting to their habitats is quite a problem. in the way. one of them is the road leading to the gorge where rangers have seen. you. know we'll have to walk. some. will try to take.

the train. hundred fifty. usually slides down slowly from the. place yes. in north.

nobody was hit. but the road was entirely blocked. the rangers will have to go on foot to reach them. i mean there's several lots occurred a few days ago about a week ago sunk in since then was it higher then i'm sure a couple of metres all right let's go then. some time ago there was a good chance of people encountering caucasian goats on the mountain paths today scientists tend to observe them through their binoculars these graceful animals prefer the higher altitudes. cohesion goats have no difficulty clearing steep slopes they almost never slip off as they know how to spread their center of

gravity evenly and choose the right foot hold and they have no fear of heights. the east caucasian variety of goats inhabits this reserve it's possible to tell them apart by the shape of their horns. with the info for us. in the form of a partial spiral. like this like it but. it's the right horn to the left and the left horn points to the right. cohesion goats or wild animals. but high in the mountains and they often allow rock climbers to come surprisingly close. at the most of the width do you think typically a matter of ten meters you think those who got used to the presence of people are the only. quite tolerant of them near the training camps up for rock climbers and

the more when they can park for the night up in the mountains. there are many fascinating routes for climbing and within the reserve. they often use the cliff faces and glaciers for training any is always fraught with risk . a small cliff is the best place for training and testing out new gear right. careful as they go down from here. we're. in an extreme situation there was strong gusts of wind during our ascent visibility was a me a ten meter in those conditions we couldn't climb down from the top of the mountain

i was a beginner climbing that was my third climb needless to say i was. a wise climber never ventures into the mountains alone three climbers is the minimal number. summer is the ideal season for challenging climbs. in spring climbers examine the best way to get out the mountains work out new routes and compare mountain terrain with its map description. going to the. well let's try and climb through that snow there and come from the right side through the rock. should iraq steer. well we'll see when we reach the place. which i thought ok let's get going.

climbing even to the lower peaks of the mountain range takes no small effort. the air is humid and rarefied. collapse. the climbers have to exert themselves to conquer the flat mountain. in accordance with tradition one. rock climbers drink tea with bitter chocolate. to help yourself. but you hear what attracts me to the mountains that's the most difficult question i can think of i don't think any climber or family sports could answer simply i enjoy rock climbing and the beautiful landscape . in the mountains rapidly and in spring the weather could change very quickly the climbers need to get down as fast as possible.

receiving. their group reached the top at thirteen forty five when beginning of it is what's the weather like. everything's ok going down. thanks. the reserve is situated along the buck avoid range where the slopes are steep and rocky some of the peaks are four and a half kilometers above sea level rocks stones in glaciers are scattered all around . discussed the schemers or it is situated in the glaciers melt in a safe gorge. reserve

staff get down to the most important work at the height of the springtime ski season. they're going to release this small bison herd into the wild for the time being the animals graze in a special pen. these bison have lived in captivity since birth the blood of a wild ox by the name of cubs because flows in their veins. was sent to a private nursery after being caught in one thousand nine hundred seven by the russian emperor while on a hunting expedition when all the bison had been exterminated in the north caucasus

it was come cause at the forefront of the restoration of the caucasian bison subspecies. this is a great grandson of guff caused by the name of the dole was born in one thousand nine hundred twenty five that there were as far as i can gather he was the forefather all the caucasian subspecies of the bison in one nine hundred thirty s. he was taken to us conny in nova nature reserve there he me to do with female biller was by certain that was the origin of a bison subspecies with cookies in blood. since early this morning reserve staff have been trying to compel the bison to enter special cages for transportation. during their quarantine period animals became accustomed to their pen and learn to trust people so they're in no hurry to go out in the wild. after several and successful attempts one of the females is lurd into the cage now the herd will

follow suit mice and are known for their matriarchal behavior. come on faster. well done. the bison steadfastly endured their temporary captivity all on their way to their new habitat . the return of caucasian bison to the wild is a joint project undertaken by the north a nature reserve and the world wildlife fund. there are things ready so we go yes let's go. to the wild graze nearby. it's not yet known whether they'll accept or reject their newcomers. the forests and the mountains are beyond human

influence through. all that's left for the reserve staff to do is monitor the animals and preserve this protected area of the north caucasus. houses apartment cars appliances in so many years until they come to visit you. do you think the property bought on credit really belongs to you dependent on r t.

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this used to be somebody's car this was once a very nice new. rochelle rage on charred ruins. there's no end in sight to be. destroyed. and the number of deaths has doubled in moscow while many people are trying to leave the capital which is still covered by. sixty five years since the us dropped an atomic bomb and those who escaped with their lives. no other place has the same fate as the city. of discrimination are those of a refused to give up traditions despite government probation.

this good to have you with us widespread forest. still raging here in russia leaving many cities suffocating under a thick blanket a small forecasters say the unprecedented heat wave that's fueling the blazes is unlikely to ease this week the followers of cling fifty lines and left thousands homeless more than one hundred fifty thousand people are battling the flames including the russian military. extra vehicles and equipment from other countries the smoke from the wall is making it difficult to breathe in many cities including the russian capital from where. the ripples. i mean my mentally say that the situation in general. all is bad twenty four seven although it does get may get

a little bit better during daytime it is much much worse during the night and especially in the morning hours it's hard to breathe and it's hard to breathe without a mask gas mask i do have my own right here but i can tell you even when wearing one the eyes start watering and authority strongly recommend to everybody to stay inside to shut the windows to drink as much water as possible and to always wear masks but there are no reports from doctors that the number of deaths in moscow has doubled and they blame the pollution for this also organized these so-called small centers across the city where water and masks are being distributed however already you've heard complaints that some of the centers are not equipped with air conditioning and there are also reports that some pharmacies in the city are sold out of medical maxwell i can tell you that these medical masks are really of no use what you need is a mask with a hat which has this opening.