came here we did see tracks left by sheep. the cave extends for more than a kilometer several narrow corridors hide a large central chamber the cave walls are covered in drip stones tights and still like mines. the north caucasus largest battery hibernates deep underneath the ground they represent the red book species the bat and the horseshoe nosed bad more than two thousand bats gather here in the winter they cuddle together in order to survive the cold weather in summer they fly to the foothills and return again in autumn they start preparing for migration in early spring when they split up into smaller groups. sometimes i find all of the boats covered with jew. they look very nice like covered in tinsel. ok visit

closed ecosystem the humidity is one hundred percent and the temperature in the caves is constant which is exactly what bats need humans should avoid staying in the caves for too long as they start to have an impact on the special climate conditions. when you hear them calling. this means we can find. out. if they start flying around they will use up their fat a may not survive until spring. so let's get out of here. back the rangers run into an unexpected obstacle to our riverbed starts to filling with water the water is now blocking their path.

a few hours later no vehicle to clear this hurdle the only path to the cave will be gradually immersed in water it will be impossible to use it again before next spring. the are doing river springs from the glaciers of the greater caucasus mountain range runs the length of the nature reserve scientists say more than one hundred mountain streams and springs swiftly replenished with water. hunting in the reserves prohibited armed rangers make daily rounds of its territory as a rule their routes run through the wooded slopes of mountain gorges. foothills

unfortunately they still fall easy prey to hunters because they're obvious targets they like grazing in open spaces and rarely go uphill. lyn march scattered across the reserve reflect the history of. people first began using caves and overhanging rocks as dwellings times. a loans where the ancestors of. they built stone fortifications overlooking mountain pass so they be more easily defensible. in those days even temper lanes mighty army was unable

to cross this territory the highlanders blocked the mountain passes and pelted his troops with stones. these tell was beginning to be built in the middle ages. period dates back to the fourteenth or seventeenth century. towers are the most celebrated architectural landmarks of ancient north has said. they differ in height and shape as a rules large extended families lived in wide short towers taller ones were used as lookout points and for other defensive purposes the towers were built close to villages and in gorges with paths used by troops on foot and on horseback many were extensions of forbidding clips. rock faces. provided protection from infighting among the diverse arrays. was served as. if people

manning which tell was in the lowest lying villages at the entrance to the go which noticed approaching enemy troops then they would lodge don't fall as people in all the town was so the smoke signal was in remote parts of the gorge. in accordance with the longstanding tradition. was to take no more than a year if builders failed to meet the deadline the structure was pulled down and built a new towers belonging to the same clan were regarded as sanctuaries in due course they became symbols of the clans power and wealth as time went by they turned into veritable objects of worship. one of the most revered sanctuaries of the people is a medieval architectural site called the. located in the gorge eighteen hundred

meters above sea level. alike contest indicates that here. from here in the tenth or eleventh century. this fence was built a couple of centuries later the. initial in orthodox church was here but orthodoxy grew weaker it was turned into a pagan sanctuary. city to discos and animals killed by hunters were brought here. scientists don't yet know exactly when the recall was built only logs were used to make it no nails or anything made of. carved poles support the wooden roof they feature patterns that look like a camel's head resting on a long neck. arrow and spirit heads have been

found here according to legend the oldest city in prince tar was kept here has it that one travelers visiting this place in the eighteenth century saw it. only natural features are destined to be the reserves eternal landmarks. over the centuries water and wind have crafted unique mountain landscapes. many of them are hidden from the inquisitive eyes of tourists. only the staff of the nature reserve are aware of their location. if ever that but this will file is called the ring it is a unique natural feature of this sanctuary it. has broken through limestone beds here to make a hole in the shape of a ring there was a reflected it forms

a rainbow. like this one are rare not only in the caucasus but in the entire world the stone is about two metres wide. its broadest part consists of three layers of limestone the age of the rock is estimated between one hundred and one hundred twenty million years. more than. absolutely. i would say it's the standard from natural water it's filmed in the coast examined in the limestone of the kerry range there also is crystal clear up to filtering through many kilometers of limestone not over. the cut since the canyon with rock terraces grados and knishes begins right under the ring waterfall it took the car to go on mountain stream. thousands of years to

force its way through the rock. swaying many tones from cliff tops and terrace. a stream. through the stones and. this is. very clean water for life but it's a rare species in the mountain streams of the caucasus. the canyons must date back to the period in winter they're covered with heights they're known as weeping walls because of the constantly dripping water in summer. the reserves melt and streams overflow their banks in early spring but they're not the main threat to the mountain paths rockslide said in with the arrival of warm

weather. first. second explosives are used to a deeper than the. remainder. is deep in valley fever.

british. market. why not what's really happening to the global economy. the global financial headlines kaiser reports. in spring called open mating season in the mountains of the north reserve. this is the best time for observing what are otherwise quite secretive animals and scientists take full advantage of the opportunity. getting to their habitats is

quite a problem though avalanches stand in the way. one of them has blocked the road leading to the gorge where rangers have seen caucasian. you. know we'll have to walk. some. will try to take. the train. the reserves. hundred fifty.

usually slides down slowly from the slope. place yes. in north. and. nobody was hit by snow but the road was entirely blocked. the rangers will have to go on foot to reach them.

i mean the several on security a few days ago about a week ago sunk in since then was it higher then i'm sure a couple of metres all right let's go then. some time ago there was a good chance of people encountering caucasian goats on the mountain paths today scientists tend to observe them through their binoculars these graceful animals prefer the higher altitudes. have no difficulty clearing steep slopes they almost never slip off as they know how to spread their center of gravity evenly and choose the right foot hold and they have no fear of heights. the east caucasian variety of goats inhabits this reserve it's possible to tell

them apart by the shape of their horns. with them flow for. in the form of a partial spiral. like this like it but again. it's the right horn points to the left and the left horn points to the right. cohesion goats or wild animals. but high in the mountains and they often allow rock climbers to come surprisingly close. at the most of them would do you typically a matter of ten meters but if you think those who got used to the presence of people are the only. quite tolerant of them near the training camps up for rock climbers who go to more when they camp out for the night up in the mountains.

there are many fascinating routes for climbing and within the reserve. they often use the cliff faces and glaciers for training. is always fraught with risk. a small cliff is the best place for training and testing out new gear right. careful as they go down from here. we're once phones ourselves in an extreme situation there was strong gusts of wind during our ascent visibility was a me a ten meter in those conditions we couldn't climb down from the top of the mountain i was a beginner climbing that was my third climb needless to say i was. a wise climber never ventures into the mountains alone three climbers is the minimal

number. summer is the ideal season for challenging climbs. in spring climbers examine the best way to get up the mountains work out new routes and compare mountain terrain with its map description. going to the. well let's try and climb through that snow there and come from the right side through the rock. should iraq steer. well we'll see when we reach the place. which. let's get going. climbing even to the lower peaks of the mountain range takes no small effort. the

air is humid and rarefied the sun is blinding snow may collapse at any moment the climbers have to exert themselves to conquer the flat mountain. in accordance with tradition one. rock climbers drink tea with bitter chocolate. to help yourself. but you hear what attracts me to the mountains that's the most difficult question i can think of i don't think any climber or family stream sports could answer it simply i enjoy rock climbing and the beautiful landscape. on the mountains rapidly and in spring the weather can change very quickly the climbers need to get down as fast as possible. mazes receiving. their group reach the top at thirteen forty five when beginning of

it is what's the weather like just fine everything's ok. thanks. the reserve is situated along the buck avoid range where the slopes are steep and rocky some of the peaks are four and a half kilometers above sea level rocks stones in glaciers are scattered all around . discussed the scheme resort is situated in the glaciers melt in its gorge.

reserve staff get down to the most important work at the height of the springtime ski season they're going to release this small bison herd into the wild for the time being the animals graze in a special pen. these bison have lived in captivity since birth the blood of a wild ox by the name of cub because flows in their veins. was sent to a private nursery after being caught in one thousand nine hundred seven by the russian emperor while on a hunting expedition when all the bison had been exterminated in the north caucasus it was comes cause at the forefront of the restoration of the caucasian bison subspecies. this is a great grandson of theft caused by the name of the dole was born in one thousand nine hundred twenty five as far as i can gather he was the forefather all the

caucasian subspecies of the bison in one thousand thirties he was taken to us county in nova nature reserve there he me to do with female bill or was by certain that was the origin of a bison subspecies with location blood. since early this morning reserve staff have been trying to compel the bison to enter special cages for transportation. during their quarantine period animals became accustomed to their pen and learn to trust people so they're in no hurry to go out and the wild. after several and successful attempts one of the females is lurd into the cage now the herd will follow suit mice and are known for their matriarchal behavior. come on faster. well done. the bison steadfastly endured their

temporary captivity on their way to their new habitat. the return of caucasian bison to the wild is a joint project undertaken by the north essential nature reserve and the world wildlife fund. there are things ready joey go yes let's go. to the wild grays nearby. it's not yet known whether they'll accept or reject their newcomers. the forests and the mountains are beyond human influence through. all that's left for the reserve staff to do is monitor the animals and preserve this protected area of the north caucasus.

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staffers are you sure the supreme retraced because they have no idea about the hardships to face. plate one it's business is it of them to do things for in the army to life for them to use the other is the most precious thing in the world. use of self-sacrifice and heroism with those who understand it fully but you have to live a. real life stories from world war two. victory nineteen forty five gold dot com. party continues to track the wildfires raging across parts of russia destroying homes villages and lives. moscow's again in the grip of small a toxic cloud covers the russian capital after

a short break the day before it's forcing many to escape from the city out of fear for their health. for instance all the most watched people in the world with most safety t.v. cameras per capita than any other than they said and it's here at the university of resig that the new in-flight surveillance system is big to. the new e.u. project is aimed at tackling terrorism but many worry it will erode. and russia's losses from fires still raging across the country could cost fifteen billion dollars i'll have more on the economic impact of the situation in the business bulletin in twenty minutes. coming to you live from moscow this is it's good to have you with. well after

a few hours all relief on monday millions of russians have again woken up to a thick layer of small because forest fires continue to rage across the country and experts have already called the current a record breaking heat wave the worst in a thousand years and he said now he is in the moscow region for us. we're about one hundred fifty kilometers southeast of moscow and one of the worst affected areas due to these fires we managed to find one of the few remaining standing homes if that's what you can call it really on this block that we found that's been destroyed completely i just want to take a look inside with you can see the stove which is still out where the floor was the entire floor has collapsed in of course the chimney is still standing which is the case in many of these fires and then someone's bad of course you have to remember it's just a bad someone left in this bed and then the next day they're everything they own everything they knew was destroyed in a matter of minutes let's take

a look now at the surrounding areas of this house and what was probably this family's farm area it's been completely destroyed you can see the entire earth here is black and then you go over to what was obviously this family's neighboring family and their entire house has been leveled only the chimney is standing as you can see this is of course you have to remember the picture across russia this is not just where things like this have happened this has been a tremendous tragedy for russian and of course for the people for russia rather and of course for the people of russia and it's not clear when this is going to end and how authorities will eventually get the situation under control with smog situation remains very intent on monday there was a window where we thought things could be getting better but again this morning a blanket of toxic smoke covered the capital the scenes on the streets are really on real it's almost like something out of a bizarre film as a group is going off now reports. this is not a scene from a science fiction movie with a post-apocalyptic.