tights and still like mines. the north caucasus largest bat hibernates deep underneath the ground they represent the redbook species. and the horseshoe nosed bad more than two thousand bats gather here in the winter they cuddle together in order to survive the cold weather in summer they fly to the foothills and return again in autumn they start preparing for migration in early spring when they split up into smaller groups. sometimes i find all of the bouts covered with jew. they look very nice like covered in tinsel. a cave is a closed ecosystem the humidity is one hundred percent and the temperature in the caves is constant which is exactly what bats need human should avoid staying in the

caves for too long as they start to have an impact on the special climate conditions. guys can you hear them calling. this means we've warmed up their confined habitat. if they start flying around they will use up their fat a may not survive until spring. so let's get out of here. back the rangers run into an unexpected obstacle to our river bed starts to filling with water the water is now blocking their path. a few hours later no vehicle to clear this hurdle the only path to the cave will be

gradually immersed in water it will be impossible to use it again before next spring. the are doing river springs from the glaciers of the greater caucasus mountain range runs the length of the nature reserve scientists say more than one hundred mountain streams and springs swiftly replenished with water. hunting in the reserves prohibited armed rangers make daily rounds of its territory as a rule their routes run through the wooded slopes of mountain gorges. inhabit the foothills unfortunately they still fall easy prey to hunters because they're

obvious targets they like grazing in spaces and rarely go uphill. landmarks scattered across the reserve reflect the history of. people first began using caves and overhanging rocks as. a loans where the ancestors of. they built stone fortifications overlooking the mountain pass so they'd be more easily defensible. in those days even temora. was unable to cross this territory the highlanders blocked the mountain passes and pelted his troops with stones. these tel was built in the middle ages. period dates back to the fourteenth or seventeenth century.

celebrated architectural landmarks. they differ in height and shape as a rule extended families lived in short towers. were used as lookout points and for other defensive purposes the towers were built close to villages and gorges with paths used by troops on foot and on horseback many were extensions of forbidding clips. protection from. tel was served as. if people manning which tell was in the lowest lying villages at the entrance to the door which noticed approaching enemy troops then they would lodge. people in so the smoke. was in remote parts of the

gold. in accordance with a long standing tradition. to take no more than a year if builders failed to meet the deadline the structure was pulled down and built a new towers belonging to the same clan were regarded as sanctuaries in due course they became symbols of the clans power and wealth as time went by they turned into veritable objects of worship. one of the most revered sanctuaries of the people is a medieval architectural site called. located in the gorge one thousand nine hundred meters above sea level. well i can test indicates that here. from here in the chance or eleventh century.

that this fence was built a couple of centuries later the. initial in orthodox church was here but orthodoxy grew weaker it was turned into a pagan sanctuary. city to disco's an animal's by hunters who were brought here. scientists don't yet know exactly when the recall was built only logs were used to make it no nails or anything made of. carved poles support the wooden roof they feature patterns that look like a camel's head resting on a long neck. arrow and spirit heads have been found here according to legend the oldest city in prince tara was kept here hasn't there in travelers visiting this place in the eighteenth century saw it in the. only natural features are

destined to be the reserves eternal landmarks. over the centuries water and wind have crafted unique mountain landscapes. many of them are hidden from the inquisitive eyes of tourists. only the staff of the nature reserve are aware of their location. and if there were that part this will file is called the ring it is a unique natural feature of this century it. has broken through limestone beds here to make a hole in the shape of a ring there was a reflector that it forms a rainbow. like this one are rare not only in the caucasus but in the entire world the stone is about two metres wide. its broadest part consists of three layers of limestone the age of the rock is

estimated between one hundred and one hundred twenty million years. more than an. absolute. i would say it's the standard for natural water it's filmed in a caustic zone in the limestone of the kerry range there also is crystal clear up to filtering through many kilometers of limestone over. the cut since the canyon with rock terraces grados and knishes begins right under the ring waterfall it took the car to go on mountain stream. thousands of years to force its way through the rock. swaying many tons tumble down from cliff tops and terrace. a stream of lines in

loops through the stones and. this is where. the very clean water for life but it's a rare species in the moans and streams of the cool cases. the canyons must stay back to the period in winter they're covered with heights they're known as weeping walls because of the constantly dripping water in summer. the reserves melt and streams overflow their banks in early spring but they're not the main threat to the mountain paths rockslide said in with the arrival of warm weather. first. a clear cut. second

explosives are used to go deeper than the. remainder. is deposited in valley feel. full.

find out what's really happening to the global economy. headlines. in spring. and in the mountains of the north reserve. this is the best time for observing what are otherwise quite secretive animals and scientists take full advantage of the opportunity. getting to their habitats is quite a problem. in the way. one of the road leading. edge where rangers have seen.

you. know we'll have to walk. some hundred meters. here. we'll try to take another road. the train. the reserves most. hundred fifty each season. usually slides down slowly from the slope. of dry snow.

place yes. in north a special. a lot. since the snow. fell and. nobody was hit by snow slabs but the road was entirely blocked. grazing somewhere in the mountains the rangers will have to go on foot to reach them. about a week ago. sure a couple of metres. sometime

ago there was a good chance of people encountering. on the mountain paths today scientists tend to observe them through their binoculars these graceful animals prefer the higher altitudes. have no difficulty clearing steep slopes they almost never slip off as they know how to spread their center of gravity evenly and choose the right foot. and they have no fear of heights. the east asian variety of goats inhabits this reserve it's possible to tell them apart by the shape of their horns. with.

the right. and the left horn points to the right. cohesion goats or wild animals. but in the mountains they often allow rock climbers to come surprisingly close. at the most of them would do you typically a matter of ten metres do you think those have got used to the presence of people. who are tolerant of them near the training camps up for rock climbers. when they can park for the night up in the mountains. there are many fascinating routes for climbing and within the reserve law they often use the cliff faces and glaciers for training any ascent is always fraught

with risk. a small cliff is the best place for training and testing out new gear right i'm. careful as you go down from here. works well once phones ourselves in an extreme situation there was strong gusts of wind during our ascent visibility was a mia ten metres in those conditions we couldn't climb down from the top of the mountain i was a beginner in rock climbing that was my third climb needless to say i was. a wise climber never ventures into the mountains alone three climbers is the minimal number. summer is the ideal season for challenging climates. in spring climbers examine the

best way to get out the mountains work out new routes and compare mountain terrain with its map descriptions. well we are going to the ice bridge. well let's try and climb through that snow there and come from the right side through the rock. shooting rock steer. well we'll see when we reach the place. which i thought ok let's get going. climbing even to the lower peaks of the mountain range takes no small effort. to areas humid and rarefied the sun is blinding snow may collapse at any moment the climbers have to exert themselves to conquer the flat mountain. in accordance with tradition one

setup the summit rock climbers drink tea with bitter chocolate. to help yourself. but you hear what attracts me to the mountains that's the most difficult question i can think of i don't think any climber or family stream sports could answer it simply i enjoy rock climbing and the beautiful landscape. descends on the mountains rapidly and in spring the weather can change very quickly the climbers need to get down as fast as possible. mazes receiving. their group reached the top at thirteen forty five when beginning of it is what's the weather like just fine everything's ok going down. thanks. of the reserves situated along the buck avoid range

where the slopes are steep and rocky some of the peaks are four and a half kilometers above sea level rocks stones in glaciers are scattered all around . discussed the schemers or it is situated in the glaciers melt in it's a scary gorge. reserve staff get down to the most important work at the height of the springtime ski season. they're going to release this small bison herd into the wild for the

time being the animals graze in a special pen. these bison have lived in captivity since birth the blood of a wild ox by the name of cub because flows in their veins cause was sent to a private nursery after being caught in one thousand nine hundred seven by the russian emperor while on a hunting expedition when all the bison had been exterminated in the north caucasus it was come cause at the forefront of the restoration of the caucasian bison subspecies. a great grandson of theft caused by the name of the dole was born in one thousand nine hundred twenty five but there were as far as i can gather he was the forefather all the caucasian subspecies of the bison in the 1930's he was taken to us economy in nova. there he meted with. bison that was the origin of

a bison subspecies with. since early this morning reserve staff had been trying to compel the bison to enter special cages for transportation during their quarantine period animals became accustomed to their pen and learned to trust people so they're in no hurry to go out in the wild. after several and successful attempts one of the females is lurd into the cage now the herd will follow suit mice and are known for their matriarchal behavior. come on faster. well done. the bison steadfastly endured their temporary captivity all on their way to their new habitat . the return of caucasian bison to the wild is a joint project undertaken by the north essential nature reserve and the world wildlife

fund. there are things ready showing go yes let's go. by sin already accustomed to the wild grays nearby. it's not yet known whether they'll accept or reject their newcomers. the forests and the mountains are beyond human influence through. all that's left for the reserve staff to do is monitor the animals and preserve this protected area of the north caucasus.

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too nuisance for any army the life of abusing them is the most precious thing in the world. is of self-sacrifice and heroism with those who understand it fully you have to live a. real life stories from world war two. victory nineteen forty five dots on t. dot com. party continues to track the wildfires raging across parts of russia destroying homes villages and lives still no end in sight for the scorched country despite the efforts of thousands of soldiers and volunteers. freedom deployed u.s.

president. decision overturned forty victims political ambition. person of the most watched people in the more c.c.t.v. cameras. than any other nation and it's here at the university of. big brother is watching you. install surveillance systems on airplanes british human rights campaigners. confession extortion. youngest prisoner fifteen is facing military trial for crimes he says he was tortured into admitting. from our studios in central moscow this is a twenty four hour

a day the talk of smaug that's been hanging over moscow seems to be retreating due to a change in wind direction but city residents are concerned it could soon return those wildfires are still raging in over twenty regions of the country the military and volunteers are working twenty four seventh's to stop the flames spreading and put out the blazes and he said now he has visited some of the devastated villages where help came too late. burn area which has been directly affected by these fires in fact you can constantly hear the roar of emergency service planes trying to put these fires out we know that there is a fire somewhere back in that forest a couple of kilometers and you can see the smoke coming out and officials say it's moving closer and closer this area has a ready been destroyed we're standing in the ruins of what was once someone's home here you can see this was obviously what used to be the kitchen you can see the remains of a sink and a stove practically the only things that are recognizable here this bowl one of the

few little items that has remained something that you can understand what it once was the chimney is still standing which is often the case in fires like this sometimes it's the only thing that remains standing as in this house this obviously was once the bathroom you can see the bathtub water heater radiator and then over here is obviously the room where this family once slept you can see the remains of what was once a bed and it springs you have to remember this house and a lot of these houses are very small this family's entire collection of things of possessions were completely destroyed in just a matter of minutes it's a really dramatic thing to see once you're really here this is my first time out in the moscow region feeling anything more than just this month we met some neighbors who were kind of going through their things there just a couple houses down and their house remains standing so it really is essentially what they say a matter of luck it's a horrible thing a merge two workers trying to deal with it as best they can but right.