these are the images the world has been seeing from the streets of canada. trying to hope for racial to rule the day. it's all false now when you're in the city this is the people dying every year in russia from heroin addiction president to be beheaded schools for team work to be drug trafficking and terrorism in the central asian killed it's. russian engineers do with the. in the middle east around to share reactor is expected to stop producing electricity within the mall. the saudi government says

it will make the final decision on whether to extra dollars and. to boot about called cool water how will that he was to be sent to the u.s. to face charges of terrorism and illegal weapons dealing. also this week the world's football governing body with this is rough for all but to assess its potential the twenty eighteen or twenty twenty two world cup has pledged to visa free travel on them papa spilled the reason is if it wins the bits. it's time for all special report on the vietnam wall and will have to say about life then. coming. southern vietnam province klavan forte was a u.s. marine in the one nine hundred sixty s. against vietnamese communist guerrillas today for mob boss or is recall the time when they could only look at one another through the cross as we got better and

better at it but still never as good as that be at the means that camouflage found hiding. using the jungle for their advantage the course of the war shifted when the soviet union sent anti-aircraft missile systems and military specialists to vietnam in his first action targeting us aircraft nicholai kolesnik brought down for obama's. first treats the targets and exploded then the second and the third i can still picture these throwing skies that many of the local fighters trained by soviet missile specialists later rose to the highest ranks of the vietnamese army we were so good at disguising soviet missiles with tree branches that american pilots could see nothing but thick forest that one did fifty eight thousand u.s. army servicemen and over a million vietnamese soldiers dying full how of the wars veterans fed sins. now think about thirty five years old.

hanoi the capital of vietnam six am morning exercises in the city's main square the mostly in the center is the resting place of the vietnamese communist leader who team in the movement for the country's independence the vietnamese managed to oust their french colonizers but the united states was seriously concerned with a new state of mind in line with communists and they were willing to use force to prevent that from happening. i signed up to join the military because i thought that it was my duty that it was something that i could do to help my country i believed. that it was necessary for americans to come to vietnam to help to fight. reg. california but now he lives in vietnam south with his girlfriend he first came here with the u.s.

marine unit not long after his eighteenth birthday now only a few faded photos with his friends remind him of that period in his life. this was my best friend. his name was richard. this would have been about one nine hundred sixty seven. by the one nine hundred sixty s. vietnam had been divided into two parts with the border with the seventeenth parallel communists led by control of the north washington back politicians were of the helm in the south at its peak in the late sixty's the us supported them with more than half a million troops. thinks the most realistic portrait of the war is francis ford coppola's film apocalypse now. in vietnam u.s. troops stop short of nothing in a bid to achieve their objectives. they burned the jungle that served as

a hideouts of vietnamese. but they also used a chemical weapon called agent orange to smoke them to the fullest. i just assumed that my government was right and that we needed to be here but after a few months in the country i started to change my mind and i started to doubt that we were doing a good job. but i couldn't do anything about it i still. couldn't just leave. the mccomb river delta new trees so-called defoliants destroyed the forest nearly forty years ago. but the chemical weapon has had a sting effect on the people. in many villages there are many with birth defects these people were born after the war but the effects were passed to them genetically many years happened to be in the agent.

these children live in study in a special village near hanoi they are under the constant care of doctors and psychologists. has been here for more than ten years she only visits her parents during the holidays. so when i was at primary school other children often teased me and it was very difficult for me to join the community and to play with friends. to be a doctor when she grows up so that she can treat children with ailments caused by chemical weapons. many of. those american and vietnamese soldiers as well as civilians felt the effects of agent orange in one thousand nine hundred. and she died when she was six months old. and one of the first questions were asked

me. so they knew. but they still. all over the countryside all over the country. nine hundred sixty five. asks the u.s.s. often. around the same time defense units hold massive training exercises. cruise around constantly. in the defense force during the exercises he heard rumors about defense units getting ready to go to a far away country to take part in. it before was sent to vietnam we get strict

orders not to tell anybody we're going to distant places. what that place was. the defense missile system was to be tested for the first time in history in vietnam in military conditions. had a rocket launch a crew. i know this launches. i felt it's all over and checked at times. the first soviet rocket specialists going to vietnam one nine hundred sixty five here they were officially called military advisors they organized a crash course training the vietnamese to copy how teams did their work. and. the vietnamese were generally not very tall rather short actually. it was hard for them to load their rocket or move the launcher around. so when one of us was enough

to load the launcher two or three vietnamese had to do it. i was one of vietnamese colleagues he served in the army throughout the war when he was discharged from the vietnamese air defense force he held the rank of major general today he's a frequent visitor to todays a defense units he tells young servicemen how vietnamese fighters learn to handle soviet rockets. and how they use the rocket systems in real life fighting it. at first they thought a launcher crew will take eight months to learn the system. war was on our towns are being bombed so we had to hurry. we learn the makeup of the hardware down to the last bolt in a matter of two and a half months. the vietnamese army is still equipped with soviet military hardware and it's still in working order despite its advanced age engraved inscriptions in

russian and kept intact as a sign of respect but but in our. case . most of the units of vietnamese army included men from small villages where people had never even seen so much as a simple radio set but still they quickly learned the a.b.c.'s defense and even invented some tactical tricks of their own. for example they camouflaged bulky soviet anti aircraft missile system so effectively that even that soviet instructors took home some valuable lessons. learned to become

a fire soviet rockets was. the place for them as usual it was near the high tree after the coming. american pilots most of thought it was thick forest. wartime films give an idea of what soviet rockets in vietnamese camouflage looked like command posts as well as launches were disguised. we see general nego in van neat entering a makeshift command post it was from here that he controlled rocket launches twenty five of them hit the american bombers. the rocket specialist spent a good deal of time trying to figure out american tactics that american pilots drop metal paper from their aircraft to distort radar pictures. and we did learn to tell genuine targets from fake once. the very first bottle in which soviet anti-aircraft missile systems took part was

crammed with success. down three american. music tree came less than a month later. it's destroyed for the same go. kolesnik was in command of the launch of that brought them down. we see all three rockets exploding one after another there is a flip each time the best of the sky is a go the american planes fall to pieces and glide to the ground like smoldering pieces of wood. soviet and vietnamese servicemen manning rocket launches destroyed a total of more than eight hundred u.s. aircraft and helicopters during the war afterwards fragments gathered from across

the country were taken to vietnam's capital hanoi today they are exhibits at the national museum of the armed forces its centerpiece is a giant created from the twisted components of downed bombers. the united states of america is waging war within its own army. no advantage it is on no one side. and human losses are quite significant. is it possible to win the war against sexual assault in the us armed forces sex in the army on our. mine is going to be soon which brightened. soon from finest

impressions. means friends down totty dot com. each year nikolai kolesnik the former commander of a crew of soviet rocket specialists visits a restaurant in moscow to meet with vietnamese war veterans. they marked the anniversary of his crew's first victory. after that battle a table was laid for soviet specialists but the menu was far more modest. and the food was somewhat exotic with never even anything like that before if tasted and looked like nothing we knew or so we often ask the vietnamese to tell us about the food we were eating. the russians from vietnamese soldiers in the field will pull however they received additional supplies from local peasants air defense

units were normally stationed close to villages. chante gum is ninety five years old both of her sons were guerrillas they lost their lives fighting in what was then south vietnam. she joined fellow villages in the north to help the launch a crew who took part in the first battle. i remember exactly how it happened. the acrobats wings fell to the ground on the house next to mine later we went there to see the remains that. today there is a thick jungle where joint soviet vietnam these crews for their first battle there's no trace left of the rocket systems camouflaged with tree leaves which were once stationed here. soviet specialist guided rockets towards their targets as we looked. we were overjoyed to know that all had been here

that was our first victory. as pilots had to change their tactics as soon as soviet anti aircraft missile systems . in an attempt to evade soviet rockets they had to fly into low altitude. made them easy prey for the vietnamese women who served. you have. so many different emotional turns in the process. mission accomplished. by the time you return to base. you are totally exhausted and probably. a pilot pete peterson was downed over north vietnam in september one thousand nine hundred sixty

six he returned home after seven years in captivity nearly a quarter of a century later after official relations between the two states were finally restored peterson became the first u.s. ambassador to vietnam today he lives with more than just memories of the. probably somewhere back. part of a russian missile somewhere. at least in my memory. the truth lies in the center of the capital. there is a monument among its banks with the names of american pilots who were shot down among them is united states senator john mccain written in vietnamese. one of those who took part of the mccain prisoner was. on july twenty ninth one thousand nine hundred sixty seven he was on duty near the lake. suddenly

i saw a plane right there. and headed for the parachute by boat. this picture shows members of a vietnamese militia units lifting mccain out of the lake the john lewis among them . dragged him ashore. first i couldn't quite understand how he felt. just a knife in my belt his face showed that he was. john mccain mistakenly thought that he would be killed. instead he was immediately given first aid. he spoke in an interview for french television from his hospital ward.

he served most of his term in this prison. it's housed in a colonial era building today it's a museum but in the one nine hundred sixty s. imprisoned u.s. pilots jokingly called the prison the hanoi hilton. during the war captain chang jones who it was the jails warden. his job was ideological work with inmates including john mccain. who had strongly held beliefs. mccain never agreed that american policy in vietnam was wrong but i had my own opinion he was a republican i was a communist. the americans try to establish their order the but we fought for freedom. five and a half years later john mccain returned to the usa and continued to serve in the

navy. but as a presidential candidate in two thousand and eight he used rhetoric that not knowing his background might have even being considered pacifist america is the greatest force for good in the history of the world my friends we have gone to all four corners of the earth and shed american blood in defense usually of somebody else's freedom and our own so we are peacemakers and we're peacekeepers. evidence of war crimes against vietnamese civilians started coming out won't john mccain was still serving his prison sentence. a horrific massacre took place in the rule community of my lai in one nine hundred sixty eight villages was suspected of helping the guerrillas will than four hundred people were murdered in a matter of hours. reports concerning vast and other episodes critically undermined

the morale the among us troops stationed in vietnam. there was a lot of drug use there was a lot of murder of american officers by american soldiers there were a lot of units who refuse orders to go out and buy they said no we're not going to fight. in the united states meanwhile the movement against the war in vietnam was gathering steam. there were mass protests antiwar rallies and the famed march on the pentagon organized by peace activists. later many vietnam war veterans joined the protests themselves former fighters would draw. the medals they'd been awarded in vietnam in front of the u.s. congress. before the war i always thought i wanted to win

a lot of medals i wanted to have a lot of decorations but afterwards i realized that they don't mean anything they're not that important. i don't i don't i never kept the medal and never. i never did anything about it. she is a district twenty kilometers from hoochie minh city formerly known as saigon x marine greg played in. a former vietnamese guerilla. nearly forty years ago they were bitter adversaries fighting each other below them lie two hundred fifty kilometers of underground tunnels vietnamese guerrillas would dig them around the clock covering over the fresh earth and disguising numerous entrances to caves . going down there i don't want to try. for even if the entrance to

a tunnel was discovered it was hardly possible for most american soldiers to get inside but vietnam these guerrillas were able to crawl through even with rifles in their hands they would vanish into thin air after taking several shots from a camouflaged dug out. during a raid made by the vietnamese guerrillas in the jungle a bullet fired by a sharpshooter narrowly missed greg klavan. on the one hand the jungle was very beautiful very exciting to watch and to be in but on the other hand it was very frightening knowing that any time. enemy could attack the freedom fighters got them medicine and weapons from north vietnam there was a whole system of secret supply routes locals called it the hoochie minh trail american forces bombarded is potentially. with the help of the vietnamese peasants the guerrillas have to restore the trail constantly.

the traces which led to the jungle routes were fully hidden to misguide the enemy. each time we were on the. tracks with a tree branch. and. december one thousand nine hundred seventy two the americans make a last ditch attempt to force north vietnam to surrender. operation linebacker two so the largest heavy bombers strikes since the second. in two weeks of continuous raids u.s. aircraft struck more than twenty thousand tons of explosives on towns in north vietnam. that combined power much thought of the atom bomb dropped on hiroshima in one thousand four hundred five. just absolutely normal it's explosions and.

devastation caused by back to the same time i think it also persuaded. that. it was time. to. the city of hanoi the wreckage of one of thirty u.s. b. fifty two bombers is still buried in a lake here the consequences of the military operation linebacker two soon after that the u.s. troops started to leave vietnam. mean often brings his grandchildren here when the war was over he served in the vietnamese army for a further twenty years retiring as a general now he writes his memoirs about how his battalion took part in resisting the last american air raid. happened right here. because her lawyer was subjected to very heavy. and the wreckage of this aircraft

is a good illustration of the defeat suffered by the united states here. unlike his vietnamese counterpart sergeant nicholai kolesnik decided against continuing his military career. after his return from vietnam nicholai left the armed forces to become an electrical engineer but he meets several times a year with his comrades in arms who served with him in vietnam. the former u.s. marine greg klavan returned to vietnam in one nine hundred eighty six he makes a living by giving private english lessons when he left vietnam off to being wounded in the war it never occurred to him that some day he might come back let alone share a table with vietnamese guerrillas so coming back and seeing vietnam's developing

people. getting jobs and going to school didn't normal life made me feel better that we didn't completely destroy the whole of the prom and all of the things that we did you consider what we've gone through i wish that the people of the united states the people of vietnam and all nations always live in peace and understanding . since the end of five years ago many things in vietnam have changed in some can expected ways. one of the buildings of the u.s. in bates nicknamed the hanoi hilton is now indeed a moat and the hotel. the u.s. flag is often seen side by side with the vietnamese flag on the facades of joint ventures college undergraduates domes to modern pop music near a monument to soviet leader lending. but one thing remains the same.

is gone around the clock by the soldiers of the vietnamese army the the army.