headlines from all sides mosco desk campaigning is so they care to stop that and force a day of rest for pundits on saturday before crucial part of introductions on sunday hopes to bring long awaited stability to the country. really just tensions mount us polls protest against a new mosque destruction fearing extremism but the muslims claim their rights so little in the months that come from the country. and to the end of the world fifteen polar explorers have in the box won a year long voyage to the arctic the latest exposition to study the area and just take russia's territory. and just a few moments out interview show spotlight and al gore talks to twenty ten nobel

prize winner in physics from russia professor constantine the us soul of who together with his scientific poll revolutionized nanotech engineering using just a pencil lead to add a statement of that. this place makes sound i managed to. but another is it sparkles and unexplainable interest. in a place where supernatural things are happening. on . probably one of. those. on our.

hello again a welcome to spotlight the interview siobhan artsy i'll be in awe of and today my guest is going to spend soon not myself six years ago two russian scientists in manchester discovered a revolutionary material called graphene last week they were awarded a nobel prize in physics for what is likely to revolutionize nine attack engineering today game and love us all of our packing their bags for stuff to collect their million pounds from the resell of is joining us via satellite link from england. born in russia sent in the us all of his father was an engineer while his mother was a teacher after graduating with one is from the moscow physical technical

university constantin started work at a scientific research center in the in moscow two years later he moved to the netherlands breaking that another russian scientist and drug game under his guidance he continues to work the do physicists later moved to the university of manchester in the. ok to continue their research six years ago no less open game discovered graffiti to which they were awarded your physics prize there to receive the world's most prestigious scientific word the nobel prize for producing graphene which can rival silicon as a basis of computer chips so perhaps their sense of letting silicon valley stay american but making griffin valley more russian creation that's. close to the sale of welcome to the show thank you very much for being with us. first of all have you already got yourself a joke see that maybe you got one. too much too many of our problems.

i would i would appreciate an advice ok. well the russian government as far as you know i'm sure is attempting to create a sort of a silicon valley here outside moscow well do you think it may be a better idea now to to to create new agrafena value rather than a silicon valley. the former regime is of called the priority of silicon valley would be it would require. would. you have published a paper describing the. describing your your your invention your work well five years ago right so. far five years what have you been doing since where where are you now with your research is another good feeling or is something else. that

was that was only the beginning what we showed in that paper is that we can produce this the material apparently. this material got so many fantastic properties that we were still stuck there in for those six years i guess we're going to start it or people use going to a studied form for the next ten twenty or you or even more years or so so you still are working on graffiti and the same on the serious subject yet so so you know you're living you know moving to be measured if i live on the subject i'm on fortunately norther and the main problem is that i guess the most interesting experiment is still had a fuss and of course this prize really. brings us a little bit behind on this in this rush so to get to those very nice experiments can you tell us what is this most the main experiment and frankly speaking you for

every single research. might be their own type of experiments because this this material or has a number of very different but very even the same properties the mechanical properties the optical properties the. electronic properties for me is the combination between mechanical and electron and probably this which are the most interesting constantin you just said and then minutes ago that you were in this in this paper of yours for which you got the nobel prize you said that you said i quote we can produce good feeling but as far as i know you are not producing anything or you are interested in production or you just interested in research. well we do research on this material bugs in order to start our experiments we need to produce those samples first so of course the sample production the production of

all this material is quite a port and. very often the most important parts or for our research you said that you have to produce enough material for your research but one of your colleagues in the united kingdom i quote said in this age of complexity with the machines like the super collider these guys managed to get the nobel prize using just sellotape so. is it true did you really that's yes that's absolutely true and furthermore i guess a cheaper sounds good eighty percent of researchers across the world who do graffiti and it's actually it's a it's a huge subject you know they but they still use this solitary methods of issue introduce which we introduced in two thousand and four and you also still use

sellotape in europe. in most cases yes and like it in greek. you have a year do you have enough sellotape now or you still i wasn't allowed to you still have to do to pick a picket out of out of garbage beds room got an exclusive supply from a few companies ok now. why are you called garbage scientists you know this label garbage scientists is it is it really because beer because you you pulled your first samples are the garbage bin or what is it. yes probably and i totally don't don't don't come although nobody tells us brave enough to say to me two twenty phrases. totally totally foreign was being called like this it's an interesting story we were gods it is indeed rooted our colleague electioneer ski

who was working with us at the time. during experiments on the way how he clean graphite in the throw in this cellar table with pieces of is a sort of graphite into the bin and basically what we've done we've picked a top and. made our first samples from from those that so so you don't regard this nickname as being insulting to hear now that absolutely no i don't i don't care how people call in ok now can you tell us when did you realize that what you were doing is really a revolution in physics did you ever realizing it. well. you see we are quite lucky you know all that we can afford to work result thinking about producing area lucian physics we can't afford to work just because we were really really like it and already the very first experiments

are true. than it was was those samples made from those first tapes we realize that we have something extremely interesting in our hands and you took us to probably easier or you win more to get the the fields graph and samples bods the interesting physics you can see in the very. first experiments ok how many people except you and gave contributed to this graphene research because as far as i know usually one or two people get the nobel prize but actually it's a it's a company of like dozens of people is it the case with here. oh yes here i was in the was a pool of great researchers of fantastic people who are doing those first experiments you see i don't think that. the prize is due in just on the merits of the

one experiment so rouer doing very interesting physics over the over the whole all over the years. in that we we. especially want to to think the morals of it in agree or who've been working with us for for quite a long time and. also have a great pool of from targeted pugilist humans on poles dogs who from all over the world with us but this science is no. this is this this area so vast now that we rely you know experiments not on the on the on our results we do rely on the results of all the community and it is you know it consists of probably hundreds of labs across the world so are you going to split the million quid you he going to get a get is that it's well it's million dollars larry

i. have sort of the moment i do know a thought for it's. thought about this and really from her idea ok you are eager to cheer and now your colleague andrea again said i quote that graphene has all the potential to change our life the same way plastics did in the twentieth century so do you think that the twenty first century will be there the the age of growth feed the age of game and know myself. oh yeah absolutely they're feeling changed our lives come completely dramatically so we've had fantastic time over the last years and we arrive to this small one which is which is quite good as well but seriously i think it's. it does have a great world potential we still don't realize. how large is this potential

i don't want to speculate about a place in silicon or griffin there are far too small can complicated questions that. the as a said already there are quite a few properties of this material which are unique the mechanical teco electronic and if you find it's a publications. the nobel prize winner in physics this year spotlight will be back shortly right after the break so stay with us.

live showbiz the entertainment value of the insel trade it's a nice presentation high production costs simply graphics. all of this is a way that sort of focused people's attention by using techniques that are sensitive to come out during this war with merely military entertainment lists . imagine your life big cities. crystal clear water. organic food. living in harmony with nature. sounds

impossible. some people have already chose. a place to live. forty two thousand americans die each year from car accidents only a thousand little seven hundred thousand people per and thirty two thousand will kill themselves cancer in all its forms kills five hundred sixty thousand of us part diseases even more dead. state of the kills over eight hundred seventy thousand americans every year. welcome back to spotlight i am algor now than just

a reminder that my guests today via satellite link from from manchester is constantin not mysel of the man who was awarded a nobel prize in physics this year. consensus well i know that you both you. and ray game and the colleagues you have just mentioned telling us about your team most of them are russians and i know that she even work at the so-called russian floor at the invest in manchester although about stories now that by russians so you are a british citizens game as is a dutch citizen but do you consider yourself still too good to be russian or or british where i don't know european a what do you think oh i i definitely consider myself russian. i'm british as well and we are of a lot to russian education too. and it sounds

absolutely. but you chose to go to continue your work in england because what. because the university you're in now gives you more research possibilities what else what if you compare well you already said in a couple of interviews that that the russian system of training in physics is the best in the world but after you're trained compare russian and european british what are the differences. first of all let me let me tell you that it is absolutely normal practice that scientists draw from one lab to another to learn different techniques and obtain different skills i can tell you that if you go ph d. in holland for instance he warned be able to continue as opposed because you would have to by law you would have to go away from the country ok there are some some

some some restrictions of course applied. was the measure difference or probably one of the one of the good thing thing about. western system of science is it's all pointless and so so easy to move from one university to to another and definitely help in transfer in the knowledge of the skills and the technology and it's in it's in it's one of the key issues in more them science well the president needs virgin when he was speaking well a couple of days ago i think it was the national teacher's day was he was presenting awards to the best teachers in russia he he said a couple of words about you you and the game and he said well it's a pity that those russian guys actually got their prize working abroad and he said

i would like to see more and more russian scientists working in russia getting the same possibilities the same fun the advantages and well do you feel the do you share the same concern with our president. i would say that you should you should do it more broadly i should say that. in the in wired's back to russia not only russian scientists but we should in the wide the best scientists. back to russia and that that includes russian british or american who was science is very different nations it is international and you always got a war always want to get the best result and the best results are produced by the best people and you cannot rely on one nationality only in this in this process you have to you master in white the best people as well the really mentioned results

of brain drain from russia is that russian scientists are increasingly uncritically sighted in world scientific press and in world scientific publications but since all these scientists are now abroad most of them are abroad does it mean that the younger generation of russian scientists would may not be as successful as you are . two points trust toward more told the russian side is broad there are huge number of from past including good scientists who work in russia that's i totally disagree with you on this point and second as i said already exchange of scientists is not about things that's absolute can or practice brain drain is nor is not of both in the berthing is the is no a real us promises that scientists are coming back to russia and so you should be

sure russia got fantastic school of science we should share it with the war but we also have to get something back from the war and we need to unwind best the best people and i don't think that nationality makes a big issue here because that in the russian government the kremlin has been pretty much obsessed by nana technology over the last couple of years and many people a journalist has been pretty sort of casting there and now this obsession with managed to turn do you think that investing into nanotechnology is really the right thing to do for the russian government today. well i guess as you probably misread all this all this initiative. you always need a big flag and i call the the main idea behind this is true and what it is to invest to technology in general and it's the correct things it will be absolutely

wrong of course to invest into non a technology and forget completely about micro technology and forget about. and concentrate only about on this ten minus nine preference. so invest in into college as long as it was with some sounds is a perfectly good idea e you said that she didn't even know the for the ten minutes ago the amount of the money you'll get with a nobel prize does that mean that you are not at all interested in money and in business nature you are not at all you and your colleagues are not at all interested in the commercial they use of graphene of putting it into is into well real life into gadgets and whatever. well look what. you cannot tell it's also for my colleagues who have foremost students who own

companies which are we should reach produce graphene who have nothing to do is the day those companies do do exist so some of my good friends and colleagues they do have some interest in in business. why we're interested in having a good time in the lab. if it involves creation new type of devices from from graffiti we would do it so we are instance we produced a prototype of liquid crystal display made of woman we had of it of graphene you are absolutely right it would be very extremely very boring for me to sit for here and try and sue. to make this this device work slightly better that will be towards me but that's an important part of or of jobs and a you mentioned spending time having good simon the land which she said is that it is always well to really think

for her for in life tell us about it what is having a good time with your friends in the lab what do you do what do you mean by having a good time in the lab. ok don't take your own or. write like picking up scotch tape and making make in first samples of graphene that's a fantastic time. making some new type of devices that's fantastic so for for me the best one is a device which you can produce. in the day and you just got an idea where you will produce a device and you measure it in the evening that's the the best one. and. any interested in arguments any unusual that's having a good time. constantin this graphene as far as i understand it is a unique unique two d.

material a material with unique qualities is it really unique is it one of a kind or there may be other materials with similar or even better qualities yet to come yet to be invented. oh yes absolutely that's and i'm a little bit concerned about this but we are so so much concentration on griffin i really would like to to look a little bit broader now but even the grafin by itself already it's gives us so much fun that it's hard to to to stop. and go somewhere else but i'm sure and probably we would suspect how to do it there are other materials there reads worse similar interests and problems as well russian kids have have lots of sellotape and we call scotch well they're well well whatever so we're where do we have to look for these new materials you said it may be other than graffiti where

it what it is what does this do we have to look for it while we can you can think about combinations of graphene and some signals and that will that will produce your new material and like just put into graphemes will gather on three or three rough interns who gather and the will be a new material or together so there are so instead of using sellotaped to split grafin you just put it back or you just use some none the glue if you want to glue it back together so that's just one just i just corrine you ideas well last question i have read in the press that the military are already getting increasingly interested in your intervention have you heard anything about that do you think that can that get. this interest from from the side of the military can spoil your life make you live after. we were god i know if you guys

from from the office of. us and from no research there were nice guys and we do have funding from from from them your goal for a conference you you see a top talk from from even told they did the show you performance of high frequency to the ministers and half of the screen is bland because they say that it is its information so yes there is some. drive from military as well i hate what it is and it is. classified by. the recent. research which is which is doing more than mostly by military in the it because then you never see all of the russian russian scientists in manchester a nobel prize winner that will need.