today under the u.n. mandate and therefore has assumed responsibility for the future of afghanistan should play very active role in already getting the crocker then of course afghanistan needs economic aid we need to rebuild its infrastructure by the way the legal afghan economy today operates mostly thanks to one hundred forty two industrial facilities that the soviet union built there as far as i'm aware no new facilities have been built there since that time also we need to make international cooperation more effective i'd like to emphasize particularly the role of regional cooperation for example there's a four party format that the presidents of four nations eastern russia afghanistan pakistan and educated and have established also i think that the shanghai cooperation organization should step up its efforts because most of the drugs produced in afghanistan end up in this seal countries and their people suffer the most because of thank you very much for taking your time out of your day to join us thank you.

forty two thousand americans die each year are accidents thousand. seven hundred thousand people. and thirty two thousand will kill themselves cancer in all its forms kills five hundred sixty thousand of us here part is easy the more devastating that kills over eight hundred seventy thousand americans every year.

thank you. well again this is all see after trickle the headlines. just hours to go before voting begins in kyrgyzstan is a historic parliamentary elections with security forces going on the peaceful polling after political calculus and into ethnic violence this yet the vertical great central asia stuns parliamentary democracy. in moscow the approaches of replacing recently sacked may yuri luzhkov is on the way with his successor to beatrice and for president dmitry medvedev the ruling united russia party has presented its list of sometimes it's for the post according to russian and all the

presidents now have ten days to decide. on daughter of democracy georgia an entrepreneur being driven out of business by rockets and intimidation they claim that despite president saakashvili has plans for growth in style constitution corruption is the real driving force in the country. as the headlines up next this hour into the show spotlight away that's host and his guest today is the twenty ten nobel prize winner in physics russian born constantine oversell of here together with his scientific produced material which promises to revolutionize nanotechnology. hungry for the full story we've got it first hand the biggest issues get a human voice face to face with the news makers on. every

month we give you the future we help you understand how we'll get there and what tomorrow will bring the best in science and technology from across russia and around the world join us for our technology update on our g. o again i was going to spotlight the interview siobhan artsy i will not run today my guest is. not myself six years ago two russian scientists in manchester discovered a revolutionary material called that thing last week they were awarded a nobel prize in physics for what is likely to revolutionize nine attack engineering today again and not a soul of our packing their bags for stuff to collect their million pounds. of is

joining us via satellite link from england. born in russia is thinking of us all of us father was an engineer while his mother was a teacher after graduating with honors from the moscow physical technical university constantin started work at a scientific research center in the in moscow two years later he moved to the netherlands breaking met another russian scientist on drug game and whose guidance he continues to work with do physicists later moved to the university of manchester in the u.k. to continue their research six years ago no less so if i'm game discovered graffiti to which they were awarded you're a physics prize there to receive the world's most prestigious scientific award the new. prised producing graffiti which can rival silicon as a basis of computer chips so perhaps there's sense in letting silicon valley stay american but making griffin valley more russian creation that's called.

the mist of the soul of welcome to the show thank you very much for being with us. first of all have you already got yourself a talk see there or maybe you got one. too much too many of our problems. i would i would appreciate some advice ok. well the russian government as far as you know i'm sure is attempting to create a sort of a silicon valley here outside moscow well do you think it may be a better idea now to to to create new graphene value rather than silicon valley. well for me graffiti is of called the a priority of words silicon valley would be you would be quite we would you would know you have published a paper describing. describing your your your invention your work well five years

ago right so. far five years what have you been doing since what where are you now with your research is this another good scene or is something else that was that was only the beginning of what we showed in that paper is that we can produce this this material apparently. this material got so many fantastic properties that we were still stellar in for those six years i guess we're going to start it or people going to a study twelve for the next ten twenty or you or you or more years or so so you still are working on graphene and the same on the c.n.n. saturday yeah so so you know moving you know moving i think as i follow from the subject. unfortunately norther and the main problem is that i guess the most interesting experiment is still had

a farce and of course this process really. brings us a little bit behind on this in this rush to get to those very nice experiments can you tell us what is this most that made experiment frankly speaking for every single researcher. might be their own type of experiments because this this material or has a number of very different but very even the same properties the mechanical properties the optical properties the. properties for me is the combination between mechanical and electronic properties which are the most interesting constantin you easier said than a minute ago that you were in this in this paper of yours for which you got the nobel prize you said that you said i quote we can produce good feeling but as far as i know you are not producing anything or you are interested in production or you just interested in research. well we do research on this

material bugs in order to start our experiments we need to produce those samples first so of course the sample production reproduction of all this material is quite a port and. very often the most important parts or for our research you said that you have to produce enough material for your research but one of your colleagues in the united kingdom i quote said in this age of complexity with the machines like the super collider these guys managed to get the nobel prize using just sellotape so. is it true did you really that's. yeah that's that's absolutely true and furthermore i guess a cheaper sounds good eighty percent of researchers across the world who do

graffiti and it's actually it's a it's a clear wish subject you know they but they still use the. methods of issue introduce which we introduced in two thousand and four and you also still use hello tape in your wrist. be in most cases yes and they like it in greek. you have a year do you have enough sellotape now or you still do you still have to do to pick paper pick it out out of garbage beds room got an exclusive supply from a few companies ok now. why are you called garbage scientists you know this label garbage scientists is it is it really because b. because you you pulled your first samples are the garbage bin or what is it. yes probably and i totally don't don't don't come although nobody tells us

brave enough to say it's for me to to my phrase we're totally totally fine who is being called like this and so it's an interesting story we were gods it is indeed rooted our colleague alexa clearly who was working with us at the time. during experiments on the way how he clean draw fire from the throw in this cellar table with pieces of thin pieces of of graphite into the bin and basically what we've done we've picked a top and. made our first samples from from those that so so you don't regard this nickname as being insulting to you now absolutely no i don't i don't care hole people call and if you know can you tell us when did you realize that what you were doing is really a revolution in physics did you ever realizing it. well. you see we are quite lucky you know. we can't afford to

work result thinking about producing area lucian physics we can't afford to work just because we we really really like it and already the very first experiments or through which we do which we've done it was was those samples made from those first tapes we realize that we have something extremely interesting you know hans and you took us to probably easier or you win more to get the the field graph and samples bods the interesting physics you can see in the verify in the first experiments ok how many people except you and gave contributed to this graphene research because as far as i know usually one or two people get the nobel prize but actually it's a it's a company of like dozens of people is it the case with you. oh yes here i will do

that was a pool of great researchers of fantastic people who are doing those first experiments you see i don't think that. the prize is due in just on the merits of the one experiment so rouer doing very interesting physics over the over the whole all over the years. in that we we. especially want to to think should be more of it in the grid or who've been working with us for for quite a long time and. also have a great pool of from task to do students on poles dogs who from all over the world with us but this science is no. this is this this area so vast now that we rely you know experiments not on the on the on our results we do rely on the results of all the community and it is you know it consists of probably

hundreds of labs across the world so are you going to split the million quid you hey going to get it yet is that. well it's million dollars larry i i'm sort of so busy at the moment i didn't know or thought for it's . thought about this and really hard year ok you are either teacher and now your colleague andrew again said i quote that graphene has all the potential to change our life the same way plastics did in the twentieth century so do you think that the twenty first century will be there the the age of graphene the age of game and know myself. oh yeah absolutely graffiti changed our lives come completely dramatically so we've had fantastic time over the last years

and we arrive to this small one which is which is quite good as well but seriously i think it's. it does have a great more potential we still don't realize. how large is this potential i don't want to speculate about a place in silicon or who is with graffiti there are far more complicated questions that. the as a said already there are quite a few properties of this material which we are unique the mechanical up to code electronic and it will find its applications. because that's in the us sealed off the nobel prize winner in physics this year spotlight will be back shortly right after a break so stay with us don't go. hungry

for the full story we've got it for. the biggest issues get a human voice face to face with the news makers. displace make sound and manage. but another's inspire goals and unexplainable interest. in a place where supernatural things are happening. probably . those. on our t.v. .

welcome back to spotlight i am al green of in just a reminder that my guest today via satellite link from from manchester is constantin number still of the man who was awarded nobel prize in physics this year . consensus well i know that you both you. and ray game and the colleagues you have just mentioned telling us about your team most of them are russians and i know that you even work at the so-called russian floor at the inverse of manchester although about stories now that by russians so you are a british citizen game is a dutch citizen but do consider yourself still to did to be russian or or british or i don't know european or what do you think oh. i definitely consider myself

russian. i'm british as well and we of a lot to russian education to history are. sounds absolutely. but you chose to go to continue your work in england because what. because the university you're in now gives you more research possibilities what else what if you compare well you already said in a couple of interviews that that the russian system of training in physics is the best in the world but after you trained compare russian and european british what are the differences. first of all let me tell you that it is absolutely normal practice that scientists go from one lab to another to learn different techniques and obtain different skills i can tell you that if you got pigeon in holland for instance he was be able to continue as

a polls dog because you would have to by law you would have to go away from the country ok there are some some some some researchers of course applied. was them to measure a difference or probably one of the one of the do things thing about. western system or science it's openness and so so easy to move from one university to to another and definitely help in transfer in of the knowledge of the skills and the dick knowledge or and it's it's it's it's one of the key issues in a more them science well president medvedev when he was speaking well a couple of days ago i think it was the national teacher's day was he was presenting awards to the best teachers in russia he he said a couple of words of

a year to you and the game and he said well it's a pity that those russian guys actually got their prize working abroad and he said i would like to see more and more russian scientists working in russia getting the same possibilities the same funny advantages and well do you feel the do you share the same concern with our president. i would say that it's did you should you should do it more broadly i should say that. in the in wired's back to russia not only russian scientists but we should in the wired the best scientists. back to russia and that that includes russian british american who else science is very different mission is international and you always got a war always want to get the best result and the best results are produced by the best people and you cannot rely on one nationality only in this in this process you

have to you master in white the bastion for us well the really mentioned result of brain drain from russia is that russian scientists are increasingly uncritically sighted in world scientific press and in world scientific publications but since all these scientists and now abroad most of them are abroad does it mean that the younger generation of russian scientists would may not be as successful as you are . two points just toward north all the russian side is broad there are huge number of from past in from the good scientists who work in the russia that's i totally disagree with you on this point and second as i said already exchange of scientists is not about things that's absolute can or practice brain

drain is nor is not of wealth in the berthing is the is no a real us promises that scientists are coming back to russia and shoot him a sure russia fantastic school of science we should share it with the war but we also have to get something back from the war and we need to unwind best the best people and i don't think that nationality makes a big issue here constantin the russian government the kremlin has been pretty much obsessed by nana technologies over the last couple of years and many people a journalist has been pretty sort of casting at there about this obsession with nana to tell you do you think that investing into nanotechnology is really the right thing to do for the russian government today. well i guess as you probably misread all this all this initiative. you always need a big flag and i call the the main idea behind this is true and what it is to

invest to technology in general and it's the correct things it will be absolutely wrong of course to invest into knowledge of knowledge ian forget completely about micro technology and forgets about ataturk knowledge and concentrate only about on this time minus nine preference. so invest in technology as long as it is there was was some science is is a perfectly good idea e you said that she didn't even know the for the ten minutes ago the amount of the money will get within the prize that that means that you are not at all interested in money and in business nature you are not at all you and your colleagues are not at all interested in the commercial they use of graphene of putting it into is into

well real life into gadgets and whatever. well look what. you cannot tell it's also from my colleagues who have students who own companies richer we produce graphene who have nothing to do is the day those companies do do exist so some of my good friends and colleagues they do have some interest in in business. what we're interested in having a good time in the lab. if it involves creation new type of devices from from graffiti we would do it so we are since we produced a prototype of liquid crystal display made of woman weirdo head of graphene bot you are absolutely right it will be very extremely very boring for me to sit for here and try and sue. to make this this device work slightly better that will be towards

women but that's an important part of or of jobs and you mentioned spending time having good time in the lab which we should say it is that it is a natural really good thing for her for in life tell us about it what is having a good time with your friends and the lab what do you do what do you mean by having good time in the lab. ok don't take your honor. like picking up squash table and making make in first samples of graphene that's fantastic time. making some new type of devices there's fantastico for for me the best one is a device which you can produce. in the day you just got an idea where you will produce a device and you measure it in the room that's the best one. and. any

interest in arguments any unusual having a good time for us constantin this graphene as far as i understand it is a unique unique two d. material and material with unique qualities is it really unique is it one of the kind or there may be other materials with similar or even better qualities yet to come yet to be invented. oh yes absolutely that's and i'm a little bit concerned about this but we are so so much concentration on griffin i really would like to to look a little bit broader now but even the grafin by itself already that he gives us so much fun that's hard to. go somewhere else but i'm sure and probably we would suspect how to do it there are other materials that he reads worse similar interests and problems as well russian kids have have lots of

sellotape and we call scotch one of their well whatever so where where do we have to look for these new materials you said it may be other than graffiti where it what it is what does this do we have to look for it while we can you can think about combinations of graphene and some signals and that will produce your new material and like just put into graph ins would gather on three or three russian to gather and it will be a new material or together so there are so instead of using sellotaped to split graffiti you just put put it back or you just use some non the glue if you want to glue it back together so that's just one just i just corrine you ideas well last question i have read in the press that the military are already getting increasingly interested in your intervention have you heard anything about that do

you think that can that get. this interest from from the side of the military can spoil your life make your life after. we were gods i know if you guys from from the office of air force us and from no research there there were nice guys and we do have funding from from them your goal for a conference you you see a top talk from from even told they did the show you a performance of high frequency but in this instance and half of the screen is blank because the say that it is its information so yes there is some. drive from. as well i hate what it is and this. classified by. the reason a bottle for service which is which is doing more than most and by nearly three in

the it's close thank you never still of a russian a russian scientist in manchester a nobel prize winner that will need some of. these coming couple days in buying it to see their wind sound so please give a hand goes at you thank you very much for being with us and just to remind us that confronting the myself was our guest today and will be back with more press than comments on what's going on in and outside russia until then stay on party and take care.