endlessly marketing foods to us. this film is not just about food it's about the changes in our food supply the changes in the quality of our food. as a nurse i work in hospitals and one thing remains the same throughout the mall there are too many sick people. it seems all diseases are on the rise. how many people do you know with heart problems diabetes. the hospitals are full and there's not enough nurses to properly take care of the ball. the quality of our food is decreasing and the number of sick people are increasing there has to be a connection. the majority of americans are overweight and at the same time malnourished is it because of refined grains or excess sugar intake what about chemical food additives what role do they play on our health. thousands of chemicals are allowed to be used in our food supply. what is polysorbate sixty. do

you know what a partially hydrogenated oil is. this is the question my producer asked me one day while we were in the grocery store i didn't know so he began telling me that it was bad for the heart and how he didn't eat them he said it's in most processed foods so i started reading labels and found it in hundreds of products. when i realized it was in food that i was feeding my toddler i did my research. i found out it had devastating consequences to our house especially the heart which is the focus of my nursing career as a father a husband a nurse and a filmmaker the next logical step was to make this movie.

war. what is a hydrogenated oil. it's russian it boy. i don't know if. that's a good question josh and they did all this something you put in your car to make it run smooth an oil that's healthier for you than other oils they've heard today i don't know exactly what it is i don't know and oil that has maybe an extra each will molecule in it i don't know what it idea no clue i have no idea but i think it's really good for you that's already good while hydrogenated oil of believe is a boil that is should surely alter the oil cook or animal fact that no to manufacture in the way to or i thought fish something flowed through it like oh i

don't know as i warned by my safe magic something in my size i don't remember and other bacteria stays in cars. comes out of mcdonald's or try to make them turn. an oil that has been refused water get a lot of packages and food must be preserved some time spent discussing something to the scruff of the. so what is a hydrogenated oil hydrogenated oil is a man made fat a trans fat you see that's just a big molecule that's made mostly of carbon the carbon atoms are bonded together like a chain they're hydrogen atoms attached along the chain and if the carbon chain is completely saturated with hydrogen that's a saturated fat and if there are some missing spots. that's a non saturated fat get it ok so where does trans fat in trans fats in

as a. bizarro type of. unsaturated fatty acid where the double bond is present but the hydrogen atoms that are attached to the carbon chain are on the opposite side of the carbon chain. just about all of the polyunsaturated fats in nature have the carbon atoms on the same side it's sis but with industrial processing. vegetable oils and the bonds get rearranged so the hydrogen atoms are on opposite sides of the chain you might say well who cares where the hydrogen atoms are after all. but it turns out that we have evolved to deal with. fatty acids that have the hydrogen the same side so this we have not evolved to deal with these new kinds of fatty

acids that are produced through industrial processing of vegetable oils and this is actually wreaking havoc with our health. let's take a look at how these trans fats are made. the process of hydrogenation starts with a plant that is harvested and then transported to a processing facility here chemical solvents are used to extract oil from the plant . the oil is then bleached deodorized and eventually pressurized in a tank that is heated to over four hundred degrees fahrenheit thiis extreme temperatures allow a chemical reaction to occur when heavy metals are added as a catalyst through the most commonly used aluminum nickel and cobalt none of which should be consumed by humans. finally hydrogen gas is blasted into the tank and bonded to the oil the result is two types of hydrogenated oils only and partially partially hydrogenated oils are the ones preferred by the food restaurant industry

but in either case the molecular structure of the oil has been changed and it is no longer in its natural state. problem here is that you really and truly have no. hydrogenation no partial hydrogenation you need to have things that are not altered. the low fat diet that has been pushed for many years. by various authorities in the fishing community has really not serve the public well. the reason for that is that. some facts are essential some thoughts are ok and some are really bad and the trans fat it goes into the really bad category to lump all fats together and say fat is bad and we should reduce fat to improve

our health is misguided and not supported by scientific evidence it's. a simplification that is simply wrong. fatty acids in the diet are really critical for almost every step of human biology in the past there was often thought that fat was just fuel that we burned it and got energy that way but we've come to realize after decades of research that the specific fatty acids which make up fat creek play a critical biological roles some fatty acids are absolutely essential for the structure for making the membrane around every single cell in our body and other fatty acids play a critical roles is the backbone of hormones and other molecules that influence our heart rhythm and our likelihood of clotting our response to information and many many other really essential biological pathways so this idea that is bad

is a bad idea. the kind of food that we're eating now which is heavily processed is a very recent phenomenon if you look over the course of human history it's clear that we are all to live on a different kind of diet than we're consuming now some of the things that we were eating were the kinds of uses i think some people would like to get their hands on because they're not really what we consider foods. our methods of hunting and gathering became more complex inefficient as time progressed. eventually we learned to cultivate the land and. agriculture began. it's been here since

humans planted the first crops. on the agricultural process to be more productive than hunting and gathering. peas and flax provided the energy needed to domesticate animals and the rest is history. the next advancement in technology was. allowed humans to diversify the location of props they planted. it didn't take long for our small farms to become plantations complex irrigation techniques allowed for an overabundance of food production and most developed countries. which leads us to our first. the next revolution in food wasn't. cheap ineffective preservatives were needed to prevent spoilage so humans were introduced to modern food processing. chemical

concoctions. the first known artificial refrigeration was invented in the mid one thousand nine hundred. more food than. once we had cold storage we still needed a way to keep food on the shelves longer. was a chemist who perfected the hydrogenation of conti in the early one nine hundred. it was a block and he brought it to procter and gamble in cincinnati ohio he showed up with his block any place that on the desk of cooper proctor proctor said what's this. replied. procter and gamble quickly hired kaiser and by nine hundred eleven the company had perfected the production of what would come to be known as chris go. at first procter and gamble had to give it away it was marketed as a scientific discovery that will affect every kitchen in america and it dead the

american kitchen would soon become a laboratory and mama's little baby learn to love shortening bread. i like to call them the chris. and what i mean by that is that chris crow was introduced in one thousand and eleven in the early one nine hundred forty s. the christo kids would have been about twenty years they would have been having children at that point and if you project that into twenty to fifty you know fifty years that puts it into night hundred sixty nine hundred seventy if you look at the stats that are out there you start seeing a dramatic increase in all of these diseases and it doesn't tell you genius to figure out that it's related to the adulterated chemicals. in the toxins in the additives that are put in the food supply. in one thousand nine hundred five a new process. the depression was over. their domestic jobs

the economy was finally stable everyone was happy. creating a new generation of consumers. packaged food market. shelf life. the new standards and market forces responded appropriately. congress passed legislation to build an interstate highway system. by linking the forty eight states with state. manufactured. packets. to cross the country. the manufacture. would still be fresh when it got to washington state.

to minneapolis and. that's a burger king taco bell and chili's. for travelers hungry as a place to eat in san francisco with the same accustomed menu as a place in st louis or charleston toronto. in the last hundred years there have been very major changes in our food supply and true of the most important one of them being the large amounts of refined carbohydrate and sugar in our food supply and secondly the partial hydrogenation of liquid vegetable oils in our metabolic machinery is just not capable of dealing with those severe changes that have occurred in our food supply and then of course your add on or activity levels that have also changed a lot in the last hundred years and we really have a perfect storm of metabolic disaster.

in order to better understand heart disease we went to the mount sinai hospital in new york city to meet with the world's leading cardiologist valentyn. was ben the past president of both the american heart association and the world heart federation. is a behavior problem to. the world he's fighting with you and one of the leading causes of heart disease is poor dietary choices called the wolf from sun. unfortunately even in developing countries and in poor countries these evolving believe. and then women consume in higher levels of trans even just a couple grams a day had substantially higher risk of heart to think twenty thirty forty percent higher depending on how much chance they were eating and we did find that even quite small amounts of transfer in the put supplies such as one or two percent of

the calories were in this transfer that increased heart disease risk by twenty going up to about eighty percent of the harvard school of public health estimates to trans fat has been causing. fifty thousand. every year so this is a toxic chemical that doesn't belong in the food supply. two hundred fatal heart attacks. in the city of. homicides that one hundred thirty two homicides but people don't focus on the heart attacks because of violent . homicides but death is death and we killing ourselves and we. with our teeth. these are the number one cause of death in the world look only in developed countries but now even more of. these.

there's no equal to infectious diseases. significantly. we've learned the transcripts have many adverse metabolic effects we first. elevate the bad cholesterol. the good cholesterol but then we found the transcripts increase inflammatory factors throughout the body meaning it really creates a general cysts. every organ of the body plus also part of the issue what caused this cluster all to increase its inflammation ok. and here's what they look like h.d.l. cholesterol. and as represented by the blue spears.

and. here's the tricky part. they increase. production.

and there isn't enough to remove the excess. effect. too expensive. so we. dr fewster says the treatments of heart disease are too expensive let's take a closer look at what a heart attack really cost. sir. sir. so

it's ok. first charge will be for the ambulance. up quickly. they sent a paramedic this time. and some drugs. now it's off to the hospital so. first we need an i.v. and some i.v. fluids. and more drugs. ok we're here now the scary part. has no idea what happened. in. the waiting room.

she makes pretty good money and if. that's not. the cardiac unit. here i'll have a private room a cardiac nurse more drugs. a cardiologist. i'm a cardiologist. come talk to you this is where things start getting real expensive . it's time. to take a party. to your heart. and do a stress test. normal. i know it's a lot. now if the cardiac cath is positive then it's

off to surgery which is usually to the coronary artery for a complete bypass of that artery total cost for all of this. since one nine hundred twenty heart disease has been the number one killer of americans let's put this into perspective forty two thousand americans die each year accidents. seven hundred thousand people. and thirty two thousand will kill themselves. while some of us are killing each other and others are killing themselves one hundred seventeen thousand careless accidents we have sent american troops into war many times.

since korea and there's been about one hundred thousand tragic casualties of war cancer in all its forms kills five hundred sixty thousand of us each year heart disease is even more devastating it kills over eight hundred seventy thousand americans every year we are at war with heart disease and we are losing. trance that. has an adverse effect on insulin resistance that is it makes the body have to work harder to metabolize glucose and sugars and this is the first step on the road to diabetes so most people who who are overweight have some degree of insulin resistance. if you have a lot of trans fat in the diet that makes it still worse and brings you closer to diabetes and we're we're in the midst of a diabetes epidemic along with our obesity epidemic trance is making it worse.

twenty four million americans suffer from diabetes and every baby born after the year two thousand has a one in three chance of contracting this disease which is the leading cause of kidney failure and adult blindness. and remember every soda. candy and slice of white bread brings you one step closer to contracting diabetes a huge proportion of diabetes is directly attributable to overweight and obesity. if our whole population got down to a p.m.i. say twenty two or twenty one we'd get rid of three quarters of the diabetes. today in the united states nearly two thirds of the population is overweight almost one in three americans is obese this is not just a few people with extremes of overweight the large majority of americans are

overweight at a level that's that's having adverse effects on their risk of diabetes and heart disease and about physical education in italy were supposed to be. for ten years we're supposed to be thinking for twenty minutes of. state well the got to get rid of junk food marketing to kids totally inappropriate totally unfair to kids to tempt them to eat foods that are bad for their health cartoon characters or hawking sugar and junk food right past our wallets and into the brains of our children. advertising to children is wrong but that's not the only reason our children are getting fat there are factors operating at many levels that push us as individuals toward or away resulting from overeating and an activity in epidemiological studies individuals who consume high amounts of trans fat from hydrogenated vegetable oils have a substantially higher this heart attack sudden death from cardiovascular disease

and they also have an increased risk of diabetes and in animal studies it actually has been shown to increase girth when they had the same amount of calories in the diet with either trans fat or for the oils the monkeys who were on the trans fat diet actually gained more weight. specifically increasing abdominal obesity just linus's they're struggling to reach. this country every well these are not i everybody but the whole country is getting will be. so why were you all right. trying to fire the twinkie. or the put it saved. sugar in rich flour washing the hydrogenated vegetable oil ali still beats sixty and you have a five. lead

top story is a vintage drive into the future california's governor arnold schwarzenegger hit small scale invited by the russian president to bring silicon valley brainpower to help the country's high tech conditions. cars pass his away seats and kurdistan's parliament following the history making election on sunday but there's no clear winner of the country's political direction still remains. and for many americans looking to adopt a child plays a major factor american or gives all children equal rights black children that's a serious disadvantage compared to whites but it comes to finding a new home. and there's the headlines now the rapid development of latin american countries is the focus of debate in today's edition of call stalk that's coming up next. if you.

want to. login welcome to cross talk i'm peter lavelle going its own way in a relatively short amount of time latin america has transformed itself both politically and economically greater popular participation and pragmatic economic policies have given this vast region a new voice in world affairs what can the world learn from latin america successes and failures. to discuss the future of latin america i'm joined by peter how come in washington he's the president of the interim american dialogue in london we go to oscar got to be better he is a senior lecturer in law at birth.