adesa a city in the south of ukraine from a song at republic. of the weekend local because sentiment on an underground expedition. the most comfortable way to get around the depths of the underground maze is by car. these manmade caves are the world's longest more than two hundred thousand kilometers long look at it will show you it doesn't translate to the road or to the left normally i go from that side but if you make your choice this is a short cut but over there the scenery is more beautiful ok or go to the right. locals call these pits catacombs stone for construction used to be mine kid the first excavation began some two hundred years ago. pits stretching over some one

and a half thousand kilometers have already been mapped each year research is chart and you need to scavenge caves the schools of kilometers in length. and leg scottish an hour long as there is no. hold to tell you about it at the other end of the arch. how many metres then. we're twenty ok thanks. the adesa catechumens were home to parties and bases during world war two members of the underground expedition hope to find one of them the scientists who study caves known especially ologists found another passage did they map out the newly found corridors. but they can't go any further the pits a flooded they can only continue with the help of diving equipment. the water is too muddy really can't see anything else where is the clear deep water is

a bit further on. the pits all look alike on the water and you can lose your way in one time. they have to tread very carefully to avoid kicking up the lime sediment it's next to impossible to find a way back through the muddy water alexander has been able to determine the pits direction and height. of. the fields i'm freezing. khushboo member out that bit of passage to absolutely. will have to look for an alternative route now that will discover another bleach bottle of the adesa catacombs. vladivostok the main russian military naval base in russia's far east some eight thousand kilometers from a desolate russian engineers built the fortress here at the beginning of the

twentieth century than time it was the biggest and most modern naval military construction in the world. the southerland of a stoke defense frontline was located at muskie island the only way to get there was by ferry it was the military alone which knew about the existence and location . of many underground hideouts for many theaters today the island is open for visitors and members from the blood of a stork digger club author the tali dimitri and carrying out scientific expeditions on weekends they explore military architecture monuments from different eras the island has them all including fortifications built by the military engineers of the songs as well as soviet underground hideouts. if you keep to the maps directions and don't lose your way you'll find those installations the problem is that they're

hidden some way and beyond the woods it would tend to find them on. the ferry to the village of on the island of russkie reaches its destination in forty minutes the diggers came here to take a look at a unique fortification the vanishing of battery which for a long time had been a classified facility it was a key element in blood of defenses the purpose of these guns was to protect the city from sea and land assaults their range of fire was thirty five kilometers they were never actually used for military purposes and the last salvo for training was fired in one thousand nine hundred to now the fort is a museum. these guns were cast in the steel works in one thousand nine hundred thirteen. sixteen metres long and weigh about fifty tons. principle if you really want to.

complex of underground structures three stories deep lies underneath the tower. was the last commander of the battery now retired he's a museum curator and is only too willing to show guests the underground storage of shells and powder. this is the third under ground floor located underneath of the tower it's sixteen meters deep the room was used to store shelves and here the shelves. each shell weighs nearly five hundred kilos a mechanical winch operated by two soldiers was needed to lift them. the soldiers did their job like clockwork. between shots it took them less than two minutes to reload the cannon and fire it. it's pushed it all a shell has been loaded the platform goes to the next rock show you how it's done.

through other shells of various types are rotating racks which of them is loaded depends on the orders of the commanding officer. if you turn around and now you can see a rack containing armor piercing shells. vladivostok first caves were dug in the late nineteenth century russian military engineers build the world's most powerful fortifications and lot of all stopped after the defeat of the russian naval base at port arthur in one thousand and five during the war with japan. special care was taken to protect personnel from shells the votes were reinforced with for me to think concrete underground passages were also built between the caves. the fortifications cost seventy three tons of gold which equated at the time to approximately two hundred million dollars.

to refer to the cations and let it all stop saying every fortification has its unique layout depending on a particular district. the fortifications have been built of the highest points. the garrison of such fortifications could defend independently each holding out for two months of the most vulnerable parts of the fortification where the enemy could dig underneath the builders dug what are known as count a mine galleries these are the deepest underground vaults of the fortress. we. would see it in these. listening to what was happening on the other if they heard someone digging underneath a ford these were extended that way everything would collapse because of the explosion rendering this part of the fortress impenetrable to the enemy. ground in all directions the exact opposite of the straight. the.

allowed to extract any way. connected to the old ones creating a complicated network of underground passages. was found in this. it still works well it can be used. dark what you can see how it cuts through limestone you can see how that is. until the one nine hundred seventy s. stone was extracted manually with the help of special souls but the process became simpler after a monkey miner invented a special stem cutting machine. the average depth of the adesa catacombs is twenty five meters but a million years ago it was actually the sea bed the remains of shellfish slowly builds under extreme pressure to form a solid but light calcareous rock layer after layer i guess as they do business there on new forests around the desa will suit to become be used as building

material. be made in the absence of coal and that the soupy built into limestone underground mining it as soon as address was founded and you constructions in the city are required more limestone. truck stone was used for almost all of the buildings in the residential houses and theatres shops and restaurants and even churches. today the vladivostok fortress is abuzz with activity each day scolds tara the quiet for number seven is passages. going to take a fancy to central park to come from vacation. to school children on a slab until to perfect their skills by clearing the curtains they've set up. if

we know that our grandfathers and grandmothers built the forts but a big part of our history and. we really come here to scale. but as a rule we skate here when it's just rainier saw it. but most of the time the faults of the vladivostok fortress a quiet. in the peaceful environment of the central russian panzer region ahamed monk seeking silence dug out a small cave in a hillside close to the season river. that was in one thousand one. later of the monks turned the cave into russia's largest underground church. in soviet times the structure was almost destroyed and buried. but in two thousand and five excavations began. later a senior priest restored the church and now services. fifty

people can be present at a service in the temple at the same time because that is why the temples considered the biggest underground temple in russia. the temples history is full of mysteries. according to the legend the cave was the beginning of several underground passages which lead far beyond the monastery territory. the passages have not been found and excavation is still ongoing research is think that church items may have been hidden underground from the bolsheviks. excavators have already dug up and restored an underground cell when a homemade monk used to live. it's just now we are coming to a special place in our monastery. the old man would have to sit at this spot he would spend all his time in prayer he would spend ten years here. this

is the window he was handed food through from the male monastery on the ground the entrance would be sealed up he would talk only to god and spend ten years here praying. and then it's geophysicists they hope that special equipment will help them locate underground voids to support the rumors which claim the existence of the secret passages. every month we give you the future we help you understand how to get there and what tomorrow brings the best in science and technology from across russia and around the world join us acknowledging update on our jeep question is that so much time in

which of course he's worked on it for years and procedures is a form of little crowded capitalism threatening to replace the product capitals in the u.s. and for the few. the adesa catacombs the world's largest manmade underground structure people extracting building stone here for over two centuries often found natural underground cavities filled with clay work was immediately halted in such places because of fears they could collapse local dacres take special care when examining such dangerous sections of the catacombs. the remains of prehistoric animals can be found in the case of a desk you could go to more than they. claim preserves bones very well. but this will have a look for in the. red brown clay is a wonderful preserving agent for such bones. to. pick across here.

with the close the used knees of fossilized bones. will give them to the museum of paleontology. addresses museum of paleontology is one of the best known museums across the former soviet union nearly one third of its exhibits feature objects found in the catacombs scientists discovered that thousands of years ago the area of what is now a death was inhabited by desert animals such as hyenas and camels there's also a unique exhibit two perfectly intact ostrich eggs they date back to the third century b.c. but the museum boasts even more valuable finds. with the a very interesting elaboration of the buying but they ways interesting question is. this little how has been the subject of debate how did it come back to wasn't the result of

mechanical treatment someone doubt whether this could have been done by ancient people this is highly unlikely there were no humans of any kind of three to five million years ago. clay helps the paleontologists make discoveries but it makes life much more difficult for geologists looking for an underground passage in the monastery in the pens a region the clay is so thick that it prevents their instruments from examining cavities hidden below. so the geophysicists turned to equipment used for vertical electrical sanding. it compeyson point underground voids a depth of up to fifteen metres. up already. let's begin. as soon as you're ready just let me know. when you turn your

nearly go electric shock. what was the voltage about eight hundred volts i would have thought. scientists gauge the electrical conductivity twice they carry out one test where they think a tunnel might be located the other is where they don't expect to find any tunnels this is to help make the results more accurate the tests revealed. cavities around the monastery. the new shows and tony the churchwarden the outcome of the tests and suggests that excavation work should continue. the holy father's however have their own version of the underground ministries layout. according to the book the monastery points east words when we accidentally turned the book upside down the underground monastery revealed an image of the holy mother of god. the two entrances look like her legs. the baby's head. is the head of our

lady the church and burial are her shoulders and streaming robes we don't know whether it's a coincidence or providence. is that there is nothing accidental. these manmade caves attract artists as well as scientists. is a professional photographer and journalist some years ago she often to people on guided tours of the caves of the. it was then that she came up with the idea of an art project to draw public attention to the neglected. after two years preparations she began taking pictures of red figures wearing long clothes and standing against the background of forts and underground galleries of the naval fleet.

as a result you get something incompatible. you have current realities with those grandiose just discovered with stupid inscriptions like so and south has been here on the other you have these great. so you get contrasting images and the spiritual as opposed to basic human passion. is now intend to draw attention to another underground object that up until now only special service officers knew about. the facility consists of several long tunnels and is a former reserve command point for the region's leaders. the facility was declassified in the year two thousand and is now completely abandoned. bigger

enthusiastic intent to start a cold war museum in these tunnels and they've already got the first exhibit. this scary figure it is the will to do. me and the guys from the deer club who made it as a sort of sawmill of water along on a it was like joe montana has its roots. in fifty eight. symbolizes the cold war years a constant readiness for war. very little is known about the facility to this day. that's why. all the equipment and documents they find in the abandoned. ribbon with some text on it still work so we'll have to draw it to find out what it. is riven is a very important they can help restore portions of the facilities history. names addresses and other figures we've got

a lot to decipher. we've never been past this hatch. let's go. the official blueprints of the facility is still classified so the diggers have to study each room themselves. some dangerous containing electric power lines but that doesn't stop the research is curiosity and they proceed carefully. and there are two rooms there connected by a passage a wooden staircase leading up it's very old. the bunker was built during the second world war in one thousand nine hundred two it was intended for use by the primordial regions administration and had all the resources needed to support people over two months. this was obviously the communications room allowing the

inhabitants to receive fresh information make decisions and inform people about their decisions this is over territory would be controlled fortunately there was never a real war in these parts so the object was not needed. by contrast severe fighting used to rage in the adesa caves explorers are still finding parties and bases down there. world war two resistance fighters operating here for to get german and roumanian troops a group of diggers has found the can base of one of the potters and units black dust is all that's left of the straw that used to come or one of the beds. here is something big there's a lot of something. i found. when the partisans were asleep sometimes coins rolled out of their pockets but. one thousand two thousand and two. says here once again.

the diggers take every object they find to the small museum the cartridges and small coins will be added to the collection. these are the weapons. they represent the types of armaments you would usually find underground. the germans were aware of the location of the camps but they never ventured into the depths of the stone mines the only exit to the surface was three kilometers from the partisans base camp. in a pass to the camp were blocked up undermined sharpshooters carefully protected the main entrance. normally these barricades were manned by two fighters they were on duty for two hours at a time and it was pitch black here and untrained men found it very difficult to sit

here under such conditions very often the partisans saw the light when somebody approached the barricades from the entrances and they targeted it is just not the barricades are going to be unassailable that we. have never seen real life fighting but today there frequented by members of a group response team imitate russian marines. does that. do you read me. the role players submachine guns and pistols are exact replicas of real weapons the only difference is that small plastic balls are used instead of live ammunition. was designed for military operations in the first place second grandfather served here. as a military spirit and the atmosphere of this place for you. even the people working here won't serve with me in the same division of the marines. so we've got

a lot in common. in this exercise. his soldiers to defend the barracks in a funny way possible which is by. fighting breaks out in the fields on the. russian engineered the fortress one hundred years ago still be defended against weapons with simply says. well this is going to defend this firing from this nice little full well that the circle in because the car is exposed to gunfire. protected by thick concrete or. even a flight of stairs stops attackers in that tracks. if someone appears from x.

the defender first sees his feet to say even if you crawl in all the first thing you'll see is the defenders gurnard. several assault attempts have ended in failure the blood of a stock fortress has proved once again that it cannot be conquered. people have a special fascination with manmade caves the footsteps and flashlights of new explorers a pound to disturb the quiet darkness of the underground labyrinths for years to come but those who've experienced the excitement of the trailblazers are almost bound to return to the some world again and again. hungry for the full story we've got it first hand the biggest issues get a human voice face to face with the news makers.

forcing children into the firing line two israeli soldiers await sentencing after being convicted of abusing a palestinian boy as a human shield. condemnation and heated debates and calls for investigation all in the aftermath of the biggest leak of military files in u.s. history suggesting torture and civilian deaths in iraq and. managing the worldwide web u.n. experts demand international cooperation to solve internet threats calling the problems too big for the u.s. to handle all. that china is to issue a six billion dollars credit line to russian co-produces for the development of me because it's more in business in twenty minutes.

warm welcome to you live from our headquarters here in central moscow this is archie with me and you so now way it's six pm here in the russian capital four pm in tel aviv and two israeli soldiers convicted of using a palestinian tiled as a human shield place a prison sentence of up to three years it's the first time there's been a conviction since israel reinforced a ban on using civilians in combat against their will or sees paul as leader met the boy whose life was in the firing line. measured robber was just nine years old when soldiers grabbed him and made him check for bombs. i was just sitting here is really soldiers took me over there there were two bags and they told me to open them but i didn't know how to do it. he was terrified of the abandoned briefcases which the soldiers thought could be booby trapped and his fighting family forced to

watch.