would you show me the way to the right or to the left normally i go from that side but if you make your choice this is a short cut but over there the scenery is more beautiful or go to the right. these pits catacombs stone for construction used to be mined here the first excavation began some two hundred years ago. pits stretching over some one and a half thousand kilometers have already been mapped each year researches child newly discovered caves the schools of kilometers in length. a leg. how long is it. the other end. how many metres there. were twenty. the adesa catechumens were home to parties and bases during world war two members of the underground

expedition hope to find one of them as the scientists who study caves known especially ologists found another passage did they map out the newly found colorado . but they can't go any further to the pits a flooded they can only continue with the help of diving equipment. the water is too muddy really can't see anything else where is the clear deep water just a bit further on. the pits all look alike on the water and you can lose your way in one time. they have to tread very carefully to avoid kicking up the line sediment it's next to impossible to find a way back through the muddy water. alexander has been able to determine the pits direction and height. of us and freezing.

khushboo member out that bit of passage to. we'll have to look for an alternative route now that will discover another bleach bottle of the adesa catacombs. vladivostok the main russian military naval base in russia's far east some eight thousand kilometers from a desolate russian engineers built the fortress here at the beginning of the twentieth century than time it was the biggest and most modern naval military construction in the world. the southerland of us don't defense frontline was located at muskie island the only way to get there was by ferry it was the military alone which knew about the existence and location. of many underground hideouts for many theaters today the

island is open for visitors and members from the blood of a stork digger club author to tally dimitri and alexi carrying out scientific expeditions on weekends they explore military architecture monuments from different eras the island has them all including fortifications built by the military engineers of the songs as well the soviet underground hideouts is that if you keep to the maps directions and don't lose your way chances are you'll find those installations the problem is that they're hidden some way and beyond the woods it would take more than one attempt to find them on. the ferry to the village of god knows you're on the island of russkie reaches its destination in forty minutes the diggers came here to take a look at a unique fortification the vanishing of battery which for a long time had been a classified facility it was a key element in blood of defenses the purpose of these guns was to protect the city from sea and land assaults their range of fire was thirty five kilometers they

were never actually used for military purposes and the last salvo for training was fired in one thousand nine hundred to now the fort is a museum. it just these. steel works in one nine hundred thirteen. sixteen metres long and weigh about fifty tons. principle if you really want to. complex of underground structures three stories deep underneath the tower. was the last commander of the battery now retired he's the museum curator and is only too willing to show guests the underground storage of shells and powder. this is the third under ground floor located underneath of the tower it's sixteen meters

deep the room was used to store shelves and here the shelves. each shell weighs nearly five hundred kilos a mechanical winch operated by two soldiers was needed to lift them. the soldiers did their job. between shots it took them less than two minutes to reload the cannon and firing. it put it on a shell has been loaded the platform goes to the next rack i'll show you how it's done. shells of various types are rotating around x. which of them is loaded depends on the orders of the commanding officer. if you turn around now you can see a rack containing armor piercing shells. the. first caves were dug in the late nineteenth century. russian military engineers built the most powerful fortifications and after the defeat of the russian naval base. in one thousand and

five with japan. special care was taken to protect personnel from shells the votes were reinforced with for me to think concrete underground passages were also built between the caves. the fortifications cost seventy three tons of gold which equated at the time to approximately two hundred million dollars. to pick a sions of the saying every fortification has its unique layout depending on a particular district. the fortifications have been built of the highest points. the garrison of such fortifications could defend independently each holding out for two months of the most vulnerable parts of the fortification where the enemy could dig underneath the buildings dug what are known as counter mine galleries these are

the deepest underground vaults of the fortress. soldiers would sit in these. listening to what was happening on the other sonic the what if they heard someone digging underneath the force these were extended that way everything would collapse because of the explosion rendering this part of the fortress impenetrable to the enemy. the adesa catechumens scattered underground in all directions and the exact opposite of the straight cemented tunnels of lot of those dog the soft calcareous rock allowed the adesa miners to extract stone anyway new mines were often connected to the old ones creating a complicated network of underground passages. that the but there's not a soul was found in this because of the cancer cures. it still works well it can be used. clark you can see how it cuts through limestone you can see how that is of. until the one nine hundred seventy s. stone was extracted manually with the help of special souls but the process became

simpler after a local miner invented a special stem cutting machine. the average depth of the adesa catechumens is twenty five meters but a million years ago it was actually the sea bed the remains of shellfish slowly builds under extreme pressure to form a solid but light calcareous rock layer after layer just as they did business there on new forests around the desa suit to become be used as building material breaks gone been made in the absence of coal that soupy built into limestone and began mining it as soon as address was founded and you constructions in the city are required more limestone. stone was used for most of the buildings in the residential houses and theatres shops and restaurants and even churches.

today the vladivostok fortress is abuzz with activity each day scolds tara the quiet for number seven passages. going to take a fancy to the central park to come from vacation. to school children will miss last until to perfect their skills by clearing as they've said. if we know that our grandfathers and grandmothers built the forts part of that part of our history and. we really come here to skate. but as a rule we skate here when it's just rainy or saw it. but most of the time the faults of the blood of us don't fortress a quiet. in the peaceful environment of the central russian penza region that monk seeking silence dug out a small cave in a hillside close to the season river. that was in one thousand one. later other

monks turned the cave into russia's largest underground church. in soviet times the structure was almost destroyed and buried but in two thousand and five excavations began. later a senior priest restored the church and now services a. fifty people can be present at a service in the temple at the same time because that is why the temples considered the biggest underground temple in russia. the temples history is full of mysteries. according to the legend the cave was the beginning of several underground passages which lead far beyond the monastery territory. the passages have not been found and excavation is still ongoing

research as think that church items may have been hidden underground from the bolsheviks. excavators have already dug up and restored an underground cell when a homemade monkeys to live. now we are coming to a special place in our monastery. the old men will have to sit at this spot he would spend all his time in prayer he would spend ten years here. this is the window he was handed food through from the male monastery on the ground the entrance would be sealed up he would talk only to god and spend ten years here praying. tachyon and dennis geophysicists they hope that special equipment will help them locate underground voids to support the rumors which claim the existence of the

secret passages. which brightened if you need someone from feinstein christian. who screams totty dot com. fifty. five. the adesa catacombs the world's largest manmade underground structure people

extracting building stone here for over two centuries often found natural underground cavities filled with clay work was immediately halted in such places because of fears they could collapse local bakers take special care when examining such dangerous sections of the catacombs. the remains of prehistoric animals can be found in the case of a desk. more than they. claim reserves bones very well. but we still have a look for in there across the water. red brown clay is a wonderful preserving agent for such bones. to. look across here. at the costliest knees of fossilized bones. we'll give them to the museum of paleontology. addresses museum of paleontology is one of the

best known museums across the former soviet union nearly one third of its exhibits feature objects found in the catacombs scientists discovered that thousands of years ago the area of what is now a death was inhabited by desert animals such as hyenas and camels there's also a unique exhibit two perfectly intact ostrich eggs they date back to the third century b.c. but the museum boasts even more valuable finds. this which is. very interesting elaboration of the buying they ways interesting question is. this little how has been the subject of debate how did it come about was it the result of mechanical treatment someone doubt whether this could have been done by ancient people this is highly unlikely there were no humans of any kind of three to five million years the guy. play helps the paleontologists make discoveries

but it makes life much more difficult for geologists looking for an underground passage in the monastery in the pens a region the clay is so thick that it prevents their instruments from examining cavities hidden below. so the geophysicists turned to equipment used for vertical electrical sounding. it can pinpoint underground voids the depths of up to fifteen meters. up already. let's begin before we're ready just. turn your nearly go electric shock. what was the voltage about eight hundred volts i would have thought. scientists gauge the electrical conductivity twice they carry out one test where they think a tunnel might be located the other is where they don't expect to find any tunnels

this is to help make the results more accurate the test revealed. find cavities around the monastery. the new shows and tony the churchwarden the outcome of the tests and suggests that excavation work should continue. however have their own version of the underground ministry's layout. according to the book . the monastery points east words when we accidentally turned the book upside down the underground monastery revealed an image of the holy mother of. the two entrances look like her legs. the baby's head. is the head of our lady the church and burial are her shoulders and streaming ropes we don't know whether it's a coincidence or providence. is that there is nothing accidental. these

manmade caves attract artists as well as scientists. is a professional photographer and journalist some years ago she often to people on guided tours of the caves of the. us it was then that she came up with the idea of an art project to draw public attention to the neglected. after two years preparations she began taking pictures of you can read figures wearing long clothes and standing against the background of forts and underground galleries of the naval fleet. as a result you get something incompatible. you have current realities with those grandiose dropped his covered with stupid inscriptions like so in sao has been here on the other you have these created so you get contrasting images and the spiritual as

opposed to basic human passion. is now intend to draw attention to another underground object that up until now only special service officers knew about. the facility consists of several long tunnels and is a former reserve command point for the region's leaders. the facility was declassified in the year two thousand and is now completely abandoned. digger enthusiastic intent to start a cold war museum in these tunnels and they've already got the first exhibit. with . this scary figure it is the will to do is call it boria it's me and the guys from the deer club who made it as a sort of sawmill of what a long gone age was like joe montana has it suits.

symbolizes the cold war there is a constant readiness for war. very little is known about the facility to this day. that's why. all the equipment and documents they find in the abandoned. ribbon with some text on it still work so we'll have to draw it to find out what it. is riven is a very important they can help restore the facilities history. names addresses and other figures we've got a lot to decipher. we've never been past this hatch. let's go. the official blueprints of the facility is still classified so the diggers have to

study themselves. some dangerous containing worn out electric power lines but that doesn't stop the research is curiosity and they proceed carefully. and there are two rooms there connected by a passage a wooden staircase leading up it's a very old. the bunker was built during the second world war in one thousand nine hundred two it was intended for use by the primordial regions administration and had all the resources needed to support eighty people over two months. obviously the communications are allowing the inhabitants to receive fresh information make decisions and inform people about their decisions this is over territory would be controls fortunately there was never a real war in these parts so the object was not needed. by contrast severe fighting

used to rage in the adesa caves explorers are still finding parties and bases down there. world war two resistance fighters operating here for to get german and roumanian troops a group of diggers has found the can base of one of the potters and units black dust is all that's left of the straw that used to come to one of the beds. here's something big there's a lot of something. i found. when the partisans were asleep sometimes coins rolled out of their pockets. one hundred twenty two. search here once again. the diggers take every object they find to the small museum the cartridges and small coins will be added to the collection. these are the weapons.

they represent the types of armaments you would usually find underground. the germans were aware of the location of the camps but they never ventured into the depths of the stone mines the only exit to the surface was three kilometers from the partisans base camp mine a path to the camp were blocked up undermined sharpshooters carefully protected the main entrance. normally these barricades were manned by two fighters they were on duty for two hours at a time and it was pitch black here an untrained man found it very difficult to sit here under such conditions very often the partisans saw the light when somebody approached the barricades from the entrances and they targeted it is just not the barricades it had to be unassailably. have never seen real life fighting but today there frequented by members of army

and ak my group response team imitate russian marines. just comes here well do you read me. the role players submachine guns and pistols and exact replicas of real weapons the only difference is that small plastic balls are used instead of live ammunition. and the filters are designed for military operations in the first place second grandfather served some birds as a military spirit and the atmosphere of this place for you. even the people working here won't serve with me in the same division of the marines. so we've got a lot in common i'm no good. in this exercise. his soldiers to defend the barracks in a fall away which is seen by. fighting breaks out in the

fields on the. russian engineers built before christmas one hundred years ago still be defended against muslims with simply says. focus defenders firing from this niche know full well that the circle because the corridor is exposed to gunfire. protected by thick concrete or. even a flight of stairs stops attackers in that tracks. if someone appears from the defendant first sees his feet to say even if you crawl in the first film you'll see the defenders go in are. several assault attempts have ended in failure the blood of a stock fortress has proved once again that it cannot be conquered. people have

a special fascination with manmade caves the footsteps and flashlights of new explorers and pound to disturb the quiet darkness of the underground labyrinths fifty years to come but those who've experienced the excitement of the trailblazers are almost bound to return to the some world again and again. hungry for the full story we've got it first hand the biggest issues get a human voice face to face with the news makers.

the international association of russian language and literature teachers with the world festival of russian language. are you interested in a better understanding of russian language and culture can you sing russian songs well. because the participant of the world festival of russian language is really exciting trip to st petersburg in russia. for more

information visit the festival website. tonight in the program forcing children into the firing line two israeli soldiers await sentencing after being convicted of using a palestinian boy is a human shield to report. condemnation a heated debate and calls for investigations in the aftermath of the biggest leak of military files in u.s. history suggesting talk and civilian deaths in iraq. and reigning in the web cyber terrorism and child pornography of u.n. experts calling for international cooperation to eliminate internet threats saying the u.s. cannot act alone. this is r t one welcome if you just joined us tonight it's ten pm monday night here in

moscow i'm kevin zero in with the top story and a quarter said to deliver its verdict on two israeli soldiers convicted of using a palestinian child as a human shield is the first time there's been such a conviction since the law was reintroduced in israel and the accused now face up to three years in prison artie's paul asleep the young boy who was forced to become an unwilling. measured robber was just nine years old when soldiers grabbed him and made him check for bombs. i was just sitting here is really soldiers took me over there there were two bags and he told me to open them but i didn't know how to do it. he was terrified of the abandoned briefcases which the soldiers thought could be booby trapped and his fighting family forced to watch whatever feel i want to them put his hands on my son shoulder and made him go into the toilet cubicle i heard a few shots fired soon afterwards i felt like i was dying melissa.