adesa a city in the south of ukraine from a song that republic. at the weekend local day has set out on an underground expedition. the most comfortable way to get around the depths of the underground maze because by car. these manmade caves are the world's longest more than two hundred thousand kilometers long look at it will show me the way as a slave to the right or to the left normally i go from that side but if you make your choice this is a short cut but over there the scenery is more beautiful ok or go to the right. no calls call these pits catacombs stone for construction used to be mine kid the first excavation began some two hundred years ago. pits stretching over some one

and a half thousand kilometers have already been mapped each year research is chock newly discovered caves the schools of kilometers in length. a leg. scottish no longer there is no. hold the title of the site the other end of the arch. how many meters there. it was or twenty ok thanks the adesa catechumens were home to parties and bases during world war two members of the underground expedition hope to find one of them the scientists who study caves known especially ologists found another passage they map out the newly found colorado. but they can't go any further the pits a flooded they can only continue with the help of diving equipment. the water is too muddy we can't see anything. yes where is the clear deep water just

a bit further on. the pits all look alike on the water and you can lose your way in one time. they have to tread very carefully to avoid kicking up the line sediment it's next to impossible to find a way back through the muddy water. alexander has been able to determine the pits direction and height. of. the videos i'm freezing. khushboo member out that bit of passage to absolutely. we'll have to look for an alternative route now that will discover another bleach bottle of the adesa catacombs. vladivostok the main russian military naval base in russia's far east some eight thousand kilometers from a desolate russian engineers built the fortress here at the beginning of the twentieth century than time it was the biggest and most modern naval military

construction in the world. the sutherland of a stoke defense frontline was located at muskie island the only way to get there was by ferry it was the military alone which knew about the existence and location of many underground hideouts for many years today the island is open for visitors and members from england of a stoke digger club author to tally dimitri and alexi carrying out scientific expeditions on the weekends they explore military architecture monuments from different eras the island has the most including fortifications built by the military engineers of the saas as well the soviet underground hideouts is that if you keep to the mouse directions and don't lose your way chances are you'll. find.

some way. to find. the ferry to the village of on the island reaches its destination in forty minutes the diggers came here to take a look at a unique fortification definition of battery which for a long time had been a classified facility it was a key element in blood defenses the purpose of these guns was to protect the city from sea and land assaults their range of fire was thirty five kilometers they were never actually used for military purposes and the last salvo for training was fired in one thousand nine hundred two now the fort is a museum. steel works in one thousand nine hundred thirteen. sixteen metres long and weigh about fifty tons. if you really want to.

complex of underground structures three stories deep underneath the tower. was the last commander of the battery now retired he's the museum curator and is only too willing to show guests the underground storage of shells and powder. but this is the third under ground floor located underneath of the tower it's sixteen meters deep the room was used to store shelves and here the shelves. each shell weighs nearly five hundred kilos a mechanical winch operated by two soldiers was needed to lift them. the soldiers did their job like clockwork. between shots it took them less than two minutes to reload the cannon and fire it. if bush at all a shell has been loaded the platform goes to the next rock show you how it's done.

through shells of various types are rotating racks which of them is loaded depends on the orders of the commanding officer. if you turn around and now you can see a rack containing armor piercing shells. vladivostok first caves were dug in the late nineteenth century russian military engineers build the world's most powerful fortifications in blood of all stock after the defeat of the russian naval base at port arthur in one thousand and five during the war with japan. special care was taken to protect personnel from shells the votes were reinforced with forming to thick concrete underground passages were also built between the caves. the fortifications cost seventy three tons of gold which equated at the time to approximately two hundred million dollars.

to refer to the cations and let it all stop the saying every fortification has its unique layout depending on a particular district. the fortifications have been built of the highest points. the garrison of such fortifications could defend independently each holding out for two months of the most vulnerable parts of the fortification where the enemy could dig underneath the buildings dug what are known as count a mine galleries these are the deepest underground vaults of the fortress. we. would see it in these. listening to what was happening on the other if they heard someone digging underneath a ford these were extended that way everything would collapse because of the explosion rendering this part of the fortress impenetrable to the enemy. ground in all directions the exact opposite of the straight. the.

allowed to extract any way. connected to the old ones creating a complicated network of underground passages. was found in this because of the cancer cures. it still works well it can be used. dark you can see how it cuts through limestone you can see how that is. until the one nine hundred seventy s. stone was extracted manually with the help of special souls but the process became simpler after a local miner invented a special stem cutting machine. the average depth of the adesa catacombs is twenty five meters but a million years ago it was actually the sea bed the remains of shellfish slowly builds under extreme pressure to form a solid but light calcareous rock layer after layer i guess as they did business in their own new forests around the desa suit to become be used as building material.

be made in the absence of coal that soupy built into limestone underground mining it as soon as address was founded you constructions in the city are required more limestone. is used for almost all of the buildings in the residential houses and theatres shops and restaurants and even churches. today the vladivostok fortress is abuzz with activity each day scolds tara the quiet for number seven is passages. going to take a fancy to the central park to the underground for vacation. to school children on a slab until to perfect their skills by clearing the curtains they've set up. if

we know that our grandfathers and grandmothers built a forts part of that part of our history and. we really come here to skate. as a rule we skate here when it's just rainy or saw it. but most of the time the faults of the vladivostok fortress a quiet. in the peaceful environment of the central russian panzer region monk seeking silence dug out a small cave in a hillside close to the river. that was in one thousand one. later other monks turned the cave into russia's largest underground church. in soviet times the structure was almost destroyed and buried. but in two thousand and five excavations began. later a senior priest restored the church and now services. people

can be present at a service in the temple at the same time because that is why the temples considered the biggest underground temple in russia. the temples history is full of mysteries. according to the legend the cave was the beginning of several underground passages which lead far beyond the monastery territory the passages have not been found and excavation is still ongoing research as think that church items may have been hidden underground from the bolsheviks. excavators have already dug up and restored an underground cell when a homemade monk used to live. it just now we are coming to a special place in our monastery. the old men would have to sit at this spot he would spend all his time in prayer he would spend ten years here. this

is the window he was handed food through from the male monastery on the ground the entrance would be sealed up he would talk only to god and spend ten years here praying. and dennis geophysicists they hope that special equipment will help them locate underground voids to support the rumors which claim the existence of the secret passages.

the catacombs the world's largest manmade underground structure people extracting building stone here for over two centuries often found natural underground cavities filled with clay work was immediately halted in such places because of fears they could collapse local bakers take special care when examining such dangerous sections of the catacombs. the remains of prehistoric animals can be found in the case of a desk reporter more than they. claim reserves bones very well. but look for in a. red brown clay is a wonderful preserving agent for such bones. look across here.

of the. knees of fossilized bones. will give them to the museum of paleontology. addresses museum of paleontology is one of the best known museums across the former soviet union nearly one third of its exhibits feature objects found in the catacombs scientists discovered that thousands of years ago the area of what is now a death was inhabited by desert animals such as hyenas and camels there's also a unique exhibit two perfectly intact ostrich eggs they date back to the third century b.c. but the museum boasts even more valuable finds. this which is. very interesting elaboration of the buying but they ways interesting question is. this little how has been the subject of debate how did it come about was it the result of mechanical treatment someone doubt whether this could have been done by ancient

people this is highly unlikely there were no humans of any kind of three to five million years ago. play helps the paleontologists make discoveries but it makes life much more difficult for geologists looking for an underground passage in the monastery in the pens a region the clay is so thick that it prevents their instruments from examining cavities hidden below. so the geophysicists turned to equipment used for vertical electrical sanding. it can pinpoint underground voids a depth of up to fifteen meters. up already. let's begin. as soon as you're ready just let me know. to turn your nearly go electric shock. what was the voltage about eight hundred volts i would have thought. scientists gauge the electrical conductivity

twice they carry out one test where they think might be located the other is where they don't expect to find any tunnels this is to help make the results more accurate the tests reveal the. cavities around the tree. the nice shows and tony the churchwarden the outcome of the tests and suggests that excavation work should continue. this however have their own version of the underground ministries layout. according to the book the monastery points eastwards when we accidently turned the book upside down the underground monastery revealed an image of the holy mother of. the two entrances look like her legs. the baby's head. is the head of our lady the church and burial are her shoulders

and streaming ropes we don't know whether it's a coincidence or providence. is that there is nothing accidental. these manmade caves attract artists as well as scientists. is a professional photographer and journalist some years ago she often to people on guided tours of the caves of the. us it was then that she came up with the idea of an art project to draw public attention to the neglected. after two years preparations she began taking pictures of lead figures wearing long clothes and standing against the background of forts and underground galleries of the naval trust. as a result you get to something incompatible. you have current realities with those grandiose

discovered with stupid inscriptions like so in south has been here on the other you have these creatures. so you get contrasting images and the spiritual as opposed to basic human passions. is now intend to draw attention to another underground object that up until now only special service officers knew about. the facility consists of several long tunnels and is a former reserve command point for the region's leaders. the facility was declassified in the year two thousand and is now completely abandoned bigger enthusiastic intent to start a cold war museum in these tunnels and they've already got the first exhibit. with

. this scary figure out of the. me and the guys from the dear club who made it as a sort of sawmill of water long on a it was like joe montana has it suits. you symbolizes the cold war years a constant readiness for war. very little is known about the facility to this day. that's why. all the equipment and documents they find in the abandoned. ribbon with some text on it still work so we'll have to draw it to find out what it. is riven is a very important they can help restore of the facilities history. names addresses and other figures we've got a lot to decipher. we've never been past

this hatch. let's go. the official blueprints of the facility is still classified so the diggers have to study each room themselves. some dangerous containing electric power lines but that doesn't stop the research is curiosity and they proceed carefully. and there are two rooms there connected by a passage a wooden staircase leading up to it's very old. the bunker was built during the second world war in one thousand nine hundred two it was intended for use by the primordial regions administration and had all the resources needed to support people over two months. obviously the communications are allowing the inhabitants to receive fresh information make decisions and inform people about

their decisions this is over territory with controls fortunately there was never a real war in these parts so the object was not needed. by contrast severe fighting used to rage in the adesa caves explorers are still finding parties and bases down there. world war two resistance fighters operating here for german and remaining troops a group of diggers has found the camp ace of one of the potters and units black dust is all that's left of the straw that used to come one of the bands. here is something big there's a lot of something. i found. a sleep sometimes coins rolled out of their pockets. one thousand twenty two. says here once again.

the diggers take every object they find to the small museum the cartridges and small coins will be added to the collection. these are the weapons. they represent the types of armaments you would usually find underground. the germans were aware of the location of the camps but they never ventured into the depths of the stone mines the only exit to the surface was three kilometers from the party's base camp. to the camp were blocked up undermined sharpshooters carefully protected the main entrance. normally these barricades were manned by two fighters they were on duty for two hours at a time and it was pitch black here an untrained man found it very difficult to sit here under such conditions very often the partisans saw the light when somebody approached the barricades from the entrances and they targeted it is just not the

barricades are going to be unassailable that we. have never seen real life fighting but today there frequented by members of a reenactment group response team imitate russian marines. is that. do you read me. the role players submachine guns and pistols are exact replicas of real weapons the only difference is that small plastic balls are used instead of live ammunition. and the fortress is designed for military operations in the first place second grandfather served here. as a military spirit and the atmosphere of this place for you. even the people working here once served with me in the same division of the marines. so we've got a lot in common. in this

exercise. his soldiers to defend the barracks in a funny way which is by. fighting breaks out in the fields on the. russian engineers built before christmas one hundred years ago still be defended against muslims with simply says. well this is going to defend this firing from this nice little full well that the circle in because the corridor is exposed to gunfire. protected by thick concrete. even a flight of stairs stops attackers in that tracks so if someone appears from that the defendant first sees his feet best to say even if you crawl in all the first

thing you'll see is the defenders go in are. several assault attempts have ended in failure the blood of a stock fortress has proved once again that it cannot be conquered. people have a special fascination with manmade caves the footsteps and flashlights of new explorers a pound to disturb the quiet darkness of the underground labyrinths for years to come but those who've experienced the excitement of the trailblazers are almost bound to return to this some world again and again.

download the official tea application. i pod touch from the. life on the go. video on demand. an r.s.s. feeds now in the palm of your. question on the

dot com. irritation in germany local say immigrants are refusing to integrate and trying to change the country that. the former foreign minister of iraq gets the death sentence raising questions about whether the move to liberate become inside with a major expose a civilian deaths and torture in the country. cutting the cord russia somebody rid of terrorism in the north caucuses so he's claimed the foreign money was behind the region's recent surge in violence. live from a studio in central moscow this is good to have you with us immigrants in germany

of being accused of failing to integrate local say foreigners a benefitting from the country social welfare while refusing to follow state laws you come as often raise their children without teaching them german chancellor angela merkel's recent remark about the failure of multiculturalism but added more fuel to the debate that's dividing in nation. oh. learn the language of guts and accept. we need to have a place. to message to immigrants in germany integrating tough talk from the german chancellor his controversial speech recently branded multiculturalism a failure up a flood of debates on an extremely sensitive issue. which is also called gaza strip because. yes it is becomes more and more arabia with high and.