started blasting out speakers by the time the country tweet crawled the u.s. to become the world's top steel producer of the year of judas priest first album in one nine hundred seventy four russian metal makers have long been world class dimitri to know who's known as the father of russian metallurgy whose nineteenth century discovery of crucial temperature points and still casting changed the industry forever even earlier puzzles and no self and over her own place scientific base and metal alloy research and steel artillery the russian empire may have been a metallurgical foundation but soviet modernization drives in the twenty's and thirty's build new hubs like big need a ghost and help to ready the country for intense industrial demands in world war two wartime production greatly expanded the geography of soviet metalworking setting the groundwork for a real explosion of output in the post-war years that still underpins the industry in the post soviet space today. bush is among the world's leaders and digging up and pumping out perhaps the most historically coveted of all elements shiny number

seventy nine gold while the first aloof gold deposits in russia were found in the urals in the early nineteenth century the country's eastern regions have been the site of many gold rushes and now a longstanding extraction industry since much of the territory was underdeveloped in brocade and twentieth century gold miners conquered literally uncharted territory on route to making the soviet union the number two gold producer on the planet and gold digging in russia is no mere blast from the past just test poll you sold to russia's largest and one of the world's prominent purveyors of our beloved buoy on the outward appearance of the operation is changed significantly as we're barely finding reverse still running with nuggets but with the help of new and improved technology to use is now killing counts of gold out of oceans of essentially typical topsoil for all the hard goods the gold or from the n.p.r. ins could oppose it also contains such elements as car bombs with and and some money and these elements trump the gold particles and resists. the process through

which gold is normally. a developed. nation which helps us to. increase gold extraction levels as compared to traditional techniques. reaching approaches have just come into fashion in the gold industry over the last two decades. developed in major mining in research countries several of the key bacteria and extract system used by. our russian. exactly it may not look like gold just yet but it comes out cheaper more energy efficient and with fewer environmentally harmful byproducts than traditional methods relying on heat and pressure. syria is scientific and engineering challenge the solution developed. and implemented on the cross. is unique not only for russia but for the international market as well it's unique for enterprises. of the far

north. it was a successful solution to the basic science behind bio oxide a station is the introduction of bacterial cultures which oxidized the predominant . latched on to the precious gold we're trying to get. content. in their competitors in search of new and improved cultures. and place have doubled savings and increased extraction rates by fifteen to twenty percent. number one and in terms of production volume. and it has the most advanced in terms of high tech methods. so what's the payoff for that kind of positioning for the first half of two thousand and ten. some fifteen point six tons of pure gold and reported sales over six hundred million u.s. dollars with demand in prices for the rich man. they can take any technological advantage. to the bank. the only element that will cost you an arm and

a leg russia is also rich and so-called precious metals are more than worth their weight only eight of these metals passed through the refining research laboratories of crusty admit in the siberian city of. their discount branded a mere seven hundred fifty bucks a kilo they also process well over ninety percent of russia's significant platinum and palladium commodities with prices measured in the tens of thousands of dollars per kilo inside the lab itself they're more interested in measurements than the flow of banknotes crunching the numbers to tell russian in foreign clients what's worth extracting the basic and you hear. from various companies that explore and develop metal suppose it see pretty much what they did. to us. we starting to test it for gold. to be consistent perspective.

contain gold particles equivalent to at least one gram patel. that gram is separated from the surrounding sludge through a process known as. oxidizers base metals like lead copper zinc and arsenic to isolate the precious metal in question here a small piece of crushed gold is a process that's been around in primitive forms for millennia conducted with unprecedented perception in the twenty first century because he admits laboratory both analyzes crude for its contents and refines with they're given to obtain a pure product ready for use in a range of applications metals they're searching for turning out they're also equipped to analyze alloys of precious metals in total the factories laboratory has the modern equipment and technical savvy to sort through some one hundred thousand geological probes in a year to satisfy outside clients as well as the company's internal production needs. in this reanalyze the easing techniques like. simply

coupled plans murtala commission spectroscopic the oem to date equipment makes this lab unique because there's no other laboratory in russia that house the capacity to analyze samples of all the platinum group metals that's gold silver platinum played . iridium ruth any m and. tree can test sample concentrates from one part per million which is one ten thousandth of a percent all the way up to one hundred percent. plonk one attend by the london bolian market. to design them produce the international silver stunted which is basically a benchmark silverball it's a fairly complicated task the material must have a certain composition also we have to ensure homage analyse and proper distribution of additives but thanks to our expertise in the use of various methods and hindsight facilities we manage to rise to the occasion and come up with

a quality sounded that is now used across the. world the super standard is certainly handy for other analysts the jury crusted me it turns out has an even wider appeal they're among the top producers of gold jewelry in the russian federation with tons upon tons of fourteen karat chains and necklaces leaving the assembly lines each year for the more discerning buyers there also the makers are more creative accessories combining a whole range of precious metals and still. all the glitters is gold and not all that precious a custom it is for gifting and glamour the platinum group metals they process are prized not just for their shine on your neck or finger but for unique properties ideal in agriculture and industry because you see here are made from an alloy supplied them with other precious metals like rhodium palladium and retaining all refined ninety nine point nine five percent purity at the. their facilities. these

alloy coil sort he treated shaped and separated into fine threads the platinum makes threads are split down to the size required for the ultimate application. in this case the work is for christie admits catalyst minutes. in a chemical reaction a catalyst just like the guy did starts the fight but comes out at the end untouched. platinum group metals are particularly useful catalysts because they're largely resistant to chemical reactions they're also stable electrically and can effectively sustain at high temperatures. once these nets are woven they're treated with a hydrogen torch did leaves them ready for installation. at the end of the production process the catalyst goes looks like this a fine mesh of ninety five percent platinum and five percent rhodium alloy finished products like this disc are ideal for use in the high pressure high temperature

process of making nitric acid which is used to make our fertilizers due to his use platinum alloy catalyst like the ones in your car's catalytic converter reducing your gas guzzlers toxic emissions it's not going to be precious is bought them to play an important role in our lives and that's certainly true of the world's most abundant metal aluminum rush is home to the world's biggest aluminum producing conglomerate whose which now controls over twelve percent of the global market still even before the volatility in aluminum prices that came with the financial crisis in two thousand and eight the top dog has been tectonic looking for innovative ways to make better products more cost effective to cure aluminum is worth roughly two thousand dollars a tonne but when you strengthen it in an alloy with silicone or other additives you can roughly triple that value but to get that valuable product you have to make sure you get the mix just right. fortunately the mix is being monitored by the magnetic hydrodynamic center it's going down a. polytechnic institute not far from new cells massive production facilities. they

play near the installations to help maximize the quality of the alloys produced in smelting using magnets. with the should what's the mood of the year tony twenty roussel has announced they want a minimum of fifty percent of their production to be aluminum and these are very ambitious plans they're being implemented for that the company needs to introduce new melting and casting equipment including new phony machines magnetic hydrodynamic mixers and other installations. the designers of dissent well aware of devalued their ideas their blueprints and products are in demand not just down the road if he sells facility but on the international market as well they've concluded to deal with the european division of the top aluminum production equipment company altaic to distribute m.h.d. making hardware to clients outside russia meanwhile the main task is to make sure the next great idea in the field is there as.

there is one of our installations this used to simulate a model physical process is occurring naturally and mess illegible furnace says this is the magnetic mix one of our key products you can see how it works on this physical model it's mixing of the molten metal is in juice here by the electro magnetic field it's a very convenient way to study the exchange of peace and weight in the finest during the mixing process analyze the operations on the whole and to find the most effective modes of using the magnetic hydrodynamic makes that is the nation has been designed in one tenth the scale of typical industrial fantasists which helps us to check the before and other characteristics before the project is physically implemented the projects could run up to tens of millions of dollars so both weigh in the customer interested in the highest degree of precision when setting up these physical models to study what can actually be happening inside the future industrial installations.

significantly impacting the quality. even in the best mixing methods used magnetic. creating. in addition to. the edges and transfer the heat energy. to ten. minutes making for even quality. work for the federal space agency requests that we provide thin aluminum cable for aircraft that's an industry where it's the weight that counts most of that experience. and the. crystals. shape and. magnetic field it doesn't have any contact with.

had a very fine structure we did the first time which proves you can make. something no other russian laboratory has been able to do so far the method of electromagnetic. in the world has been. the make it usable as it can. supply aviation. so the initial supply of. the technology of electromagnetic. has been listed as part of the technical requirements for this type of aircraft. we received a large order for the. busy filling it with. well

unofficial word has it that the next plane outfitted with a lightweight aluminum wiring might be discrete sukhoi t. fifty fighter jet. still shrouded in much secrecy with just a few test flights under its belt in a few years until full scale production obviously more than one medal goes into making planes and we'd be flying nowhere with rock solid twenty two i'd take. that tell me i'm a takeoff aboard american boeing or european air buses but it's tacked on and factories enough for russia each piece to the smoke is in fact the world's largest producer of titanium and through contracts and joint ventures like boeing they're proving their metal on the next generation of passenger jet liners the moscow state aviation technological institute might see also has years of experience testing titanium above the clouds but of course there are experimental work starts in earthly laboratories and before anything gets added to the assembly of any aircraft

they're testing different types of metal for their suitability despite being part of the flyboy family their research has recently uncovered some of metallic magic it's intended to help out the more grounded among us. in the. aviation projects our institute develop some unique technology is there are currently it was also used for various medical applications. the technologies are based on nickel titanium aloysius known simply as the composite was actually discovered by u.s. naval researchers back in one nine hundred sixty two but due to production complexities it's the only game proper appreciation in the last two decades when its founding increasing use in their arena in planetology is intriguing because it exhibits both sheep memory ensued to allow us to city this means that through manipulations and temperature and stress. can be deformed it will and reliably

return back to give you a better idea of how did it know works in action we've constructed a quick experiment using this implant for patients with a sunken chest you can see i can bend it out of shape because we've chilled it on ice but when i drop it in warm water i can bring it back in a second's time useful here because of its capacity for reversible solid state phase transformation above a temperature fixed by the producers of each net no alloy the metal has a simple interpenetrating cubic crystal structure at lower temperatures it spontaneously transforms to a more complex clinic crystal structure this makes the substance easily deformable but with the reversed temperature shift it reverts. waterstreet to inflate to its original shape with impressive force the human body is sturdier than that peter but it's important to keep the transformation under tight control. which improvement is the main problem is to ensure the proper range of temperature within which the

material can change its shape it's vital for medicine to have exactly thirty six point six degrees celsius. and though the. only we can provide such a cure is to because we've developed the technology to give the same chunk of metal a transition temperature anywhere from minus thirty three to plus seventy degrees but within that it could be basically any temperature that would best fit a specific product with. the alley pioneered by my t. is already finding its place in practice helping improve human lives one of our most important protective devices as humans is our the enclosure from our spine to our breast bone either holds in or hampers the functioning of our most vital organs . our patient here on technology update who will simply call kucha suffers from a defamation in that crucial area assumptions. this she says has caused her pain

and hindered her in her physical personal and professional life to free her heart and lungs from the stress of the condition doctors will implant emit northbridge much like the one used in our studio experiment. material provokes no one wanted reaction from the body of. the implants has been designed to last for the rest of the patient's life. is definitely an invasive procedure requiring narcosis and sizable chest incision. but the advice of cut just doctors in the promise of a permanent solution to a lifelong problem media choice of surgery a no brainer. fortunately the materialist time tested and tailor made for this kind of abuse and just caretakers are very experienced.

is the x. ray taken eight days off of the operation you can see the nickel to tanian bridge implanted into the rib cage holding the chest in the proper position the difference is really clear on the lateral x. ray book award. this is the same bridge viewed from a different angle this is the breast bone right now it's in the right position before the operation it went in like this a concave defamation of the chest. with the voice that. lead to more active lifestyle now. without fearing negative effects on my hearts or my lungs yes or no compared to all the time i suffered the operation was really quick and painless. know has helped our friend cottage and many others like her to breathe easier but it's hardly breached the outer limits of its potential variations of that alloy are under constant. toxicology endeavor mission testing to

see what problems it might help solve next it's already found its way into golf clubs years and bending spoons but the mighty team is most convinced of its prospects in medical implant ology be it a joint replacement vital stents orthodontics or prosthetics. has a bright helpful future. titanium maybe this so-called space age metal but we're still making breakthroughs with familiar old number twenty six the periodic table sign me. up and coming company based in the girls reaching city of paris their specialty is turning affordable iron based alloys into high performing equipment for the oil and gas sector in particular so-called electric submersible problems e.s.p.'s made to pull petroleum up from deep beneath the surface under often uninviting conditions it's a complete production cycle from raw metal materials to the constituent parts to the packed off and ready pumps the e.s.p.

is along in close to that houses both the motor and the rotating stages that make up the pump in it's cheap and purpose the never met product may not look unique but the stories in the meadow. we had to push were innovations i mean new types of products unique on the market tests showed a significant increase in the fish and sea between two some of the pumps teaches of the same design the first being close in the molds but the second to using the powder method methods increased efficiency by several points up to five points which is a very serious boost to shift. the trick to push up the performance instead of being poured liquid hot into a mold and then cast this status or stamped out of irony copper alloy powder aside from saving energy keeping the middle the great temperatures the powder method allows for better flexibility combining and shaping materials produces parts with better balance and just less energy loss through vibration in the fuel. and overall

improved precision and surface roughness to optimize the flow of the pump liquid. now even though these parts are made of compressed metals like iron and i haven't exactly been doing my time in the weight room i can still snap them with my bare hands so to make them stronger we have to stick them in the oven and crank up the. stages are subjected to high pressure and five hundred plus degree celsius sheet which not only for just iron copper alloys together but compresses and strengthens the whole stage. metallurgy that underpins the production is hardly new it was developed by the russian scientists. in the eighteenth twenties to make. these methods already includes most of the basics used in the modern era as machine building exploded in the twentieth century so too did the waste from the forging of even the smallest metal detail particularly in the postwar context

condom eyes on this valuable waste brought back more precise on matters after the manufacturing of the stages there passed on for chemical treatment that's vital to making them ready for action deep under the earth the conditions for oil and gas drilling and pumping are increasingly inverse and more easily accessible wells. pioneered only cintra. designed to better withstand the long months of sand blasting they're sure to receive underground and well known homes are now proven to work for a competitive warranty period of nearly three years they're doing laboratory tests to see if the nano train can give them another boost a large part of their operation is committed to simulating downhole dynamics to test new components and then the newbies might be just the ticket. to go on a series of tests on our equipment used to be new and shy. like this but this one

has undergone serious degradation from the factors common inside oil wells. to make the stage door effective. in this situation the application of. carbide coating looks like an effective way of protecting the existing stages without further massive investment reforging the parts entirely out of such expensive. initially the investment will be. another billion will come from macau invest the income generated at the first stage will be channeled to develop the projects. we plan to invest some twenty. in the big oil and gas game that plays with massive companies gushing profits it might not seem that pinpoint accuracy is the key focus when it comes to producing new machinery the black stuff from down below small parts can have

a big impact on the overall efficiency and it turns out they. just might make a mile of difference. see who said. about metals just check back with us periodically and into enjoy. culture is that so much as i can recall when it comes to the corruption in one form or another and is a cancer that gives away in countries and societies around the world that corruption is very much part of.

for the full we've got. the biggest issues get

a human voice face to face with the news makers. nato. military presence near russian border. reestablish cooperation with the. u.s. troops leave because it's controlled region. and fighting over a black gold showdown looms between israel and lebanon recently discovered oil reserves in the eastern mediterranean with turkey and cyprus. studios here in central moscow this is good to have you with us russia is seeking

to prevent nato from placing major forces close to its borders moscow's presented a plan which would limit the military presence in his youngest member states and its habit has more now from central moscow. show wants to prevent naysayers from but placing any at major full says close it to its board it wants to set a formal limits i can up on the amount of the alliance's forces of that all place close to its borders particularly in its new members states which do light that bit closer to the russian our borders in doing this russia believes that it's simply asking for nato to keep the promises it's made to the then soviet president mikhail gorbachev back in one thousand nine hundred when it promised not to move quite as much as the thumbs which further to the east say russia simply things that they are asking nato to keep to that promise that was made all the days that years ago other cording to foreign ministry buildings this plan was actually put forward as fallback.