he. says. so you. are comfortable. just a few hours i'm sure the urgency and scaring her. on the. greater. scorching. are included. a photo with the wild of the lunar roses three hundred.

two thirty am in moscow good to have you with us here on our t.v. easier headlines president obama faces a tough challenge to ratify the atomic weapons control treaty as a shift of seats leaves him a lame duck senate and u.s. leaders need sixty seven votes even though it's democrats control fifty nine seats . russia's chief diplomat says the financial sun is rising in the east during trilateral talks with china and india the world's second largest economy is now china overtaking japan in recent months. also e.u. prosecutors are investigating an organ trafficking network in the balkans and with

seven people charged in kosovo details of the case are due to be made public at the end of the month. up next stay with us as we uncover the natural treasures of the remote come chopped up and its ally in russia's far east. will cain news of terrified and fascinated people since the dawn of time. their eruptions are a beautiful but lethal natural. and. you can chuckle can ensure it is in eastern russia this region has been called the land of stone tool chips and so please. there are a few places on the planet where you can see so many different locations. constantly in terms of can chop does not escape continues to be with centuries all

the tonic timothy's on the ground. it can chop got a climb up a volcano usually begins a dutch track. this is a military truck fitted with a wagon to transport people. to drive a good guinea country and uses it to bring tourists to the fruits of the thousand year old close to tell but chick volcano several times a month. people only recently started going up from a dead site. the only use to hunt deer before the ruction. like these people are just every day tourists for their travel routes they chose the places where you don't need special mountaineering skills. they've each made at

least one trip to the mountains but none those ever be near the site of the so called may just decide the option of told the trick. many years ago now. fountains burst from cracks in the ground near the center of the ancient volcano. it takes a while to get to the epicenter of the eruption the start of the ascent is a five hour cross-country drive from the nearest settlement. several dozen kilometers away from where the lava broke through the surface the dead forest begins. quite dry tree trunks don't stop black hole comics lag it's all a reminder of the destructive forces which volcanoes possess. every tourist group ashore to make

a quick stop here. from this point the aim of their extreme hike is already visible. the twin stratified volcanoes australia and. sit on the horizon covered with fog. there are several low rising new focus on it cones nearby. ash and slag from these craters have covered several kilometers of the surrounding area. did one in the course of looking at the top of a tree it's actually just a small part of it this tree is completely buried twenty metres down just like all the others with them if you know about it but the depth of slag which is the rural that we're standing on could be up to sixty metres a bit to the left we can see a normal tree that hasn't been buried under so much slack it seems like.

almost six of july nine hundred seventy five fountains of lava began posting from cracks in the crust eight hundred. it is from the extinct crater of the pulse can tell but chick ok no destroying everything in their way. geophysicists path of talkative and predicted the exact place date and even time of that mighty eruption. stuff and they can chant their institute of vulcanology the only one in the world at the time were ready they even managed to fully research and film it. in this picture young vulcanologist alexander of psionic of his researching the massive eruption of told patrick it was

there two weeks after the eruption started. for the scene was just overwhelming of the time but also the light nor crashing down it was tremendous indeed a cloud of ash stretched for one on now thousand kilometers and fell into the ocean it looked as if the lightning was flying across that a cloud and striking into the ok nose comb they all boarded up to make a terrible racket. the biggest concentration is situated on the pacific coast three hundred twenty eight of them are active and form the pacific ring of fire. as part of that there are twenty nine on the eastern coast of.

this fine insular as many volcanoes as the subduction zone is located here on the oceanic plate is moving beneath the continental plate and gradually sliding inside naturally frictional causes frequent earthquakes large in situ cracks and so-called weakened zone that occurred allowing the magma to come up to the surface. the locals call this mud port sculptor a zone where one of the earth's plates slides under another which is known as subduction is located deep below the mud part of. the magma melts mountain rocks forming gas on its way up wards it heats water mixes it with and throws it out in the form of liquid clay. the sculpture is just one of the many fantastical features to be found in one of the world's oldest volcano calderas it's located in the central part of camp champ because eastern volcanic belt. this gigantic create

a culture and is the caldera of the zone volcano. about three hundred thousand years ago three kilometer high composite co used to tower over a place of the present song and now this structure only after a series of powerful eruptions the open no volcano gave them forming a cult hero. the average height of its cliffs is four hundred meters in the diameter is more than twelve kilometers. news on caldera features unusual manifestations of molten volcanic activity there are hundreds of boiling and bubbling will pools and month pools here small volcanic cones hot lakes and areas with steam gas and hot water jets breaking through the ground.

lakes of the use on caldera hostile to any advanced life forms but they are populated by special types of which produce oxygen making the water surface bubble . at the same time they prevent me thing and carbon dioxide from the underground waters from breaking the surface and rising into the atmosphere. is that there are very specific conditions of sauna and want to hear one can find many types of bacteria with absolutely different structures this is interesting of foreigners. whose own is especially protected site within the nature reserve. yevgeny of loss of lives and works here monitoring the caldera. during the summer he accompanies excursions to protect tourists from the local bad as. the bad trail goes north and reaches down near. this crater

filled with cold clear water is known as a mom. this one is about a kilometer in diameter it's in a cliffs a quite steep so there's barely any shoreline around the lake. just a narrow black ring of ash volcanic bombs or masses of molten rock and scoria. here's a piece of volcanic glass i found by the lake it's very sharp is just the kind of thing that people use to scrape animal skins with before arnon steel were invented so very sharp and very hard this is a piece of hardened lava the last time was on a rock to was forty thousand years ago this time hasn't been long enough for grass to cover the forty thousand years he's an engine.

this group of tourists is exploring a new chapter in the history of kamchatka as one of their plans is to conquer to volcano comes the applause. the unspoken rules of climbing volcanoes are quite simple follow your guide closely don't stretch the chain if you cannot walk any further everyone else descends along with you. their aim is to reach the summit of the cone not far from the ancient volcano. you are about to start a difficult ascent to far from me following each other's steps be wary of show up but may slip from under your feet and cause serious injuries or in some instances rocks or fallen from the slope above and hit people on the head on occasion and the injuries are even being fatal. each cone is about fifteen hundred meters above sea level. these are the so-called

new tell but. they appeared as a result of the eruption and nine hundred seventy five. was one of its four epicenters. from one of the cone tops there's a good view of the crater and the old canals of thick spurting lava. those were the liquid types of lab us a bird's of they covered more than thirty square kilometers was worth it but if the forest was destroyed as well as the entire beautiful tundra that had been there about that well that other about. three weeks after the eruption one of the cone suddenly threw out a massive amount of lava. and travelled upwards from the depths of thirty

kilometers. scientists say some three billion tons of erupted material in the form of rocks came from below the surface. all the while the molten pieces of lava noticeable kind of bombs shot out from ructions. scientists had to carry out their research in extreme conditions. we were going right below the cone as we were selecting stone and chopping the samples are part rocks at times those volcanic bombs orlando knots they were flowing from above like cannon shots and we would look out and then up and dodging all over the place to avoid them. to . day years after the eruption the tallest and widest wall of the volcano's crater

is a reminder of what was left since the lava streams broke out. the banks of these thickened rivers a painted in different hues. during the eruption rocks with a high concentration of coppa sulfur and other elements appear each has a unique color of its and. the top of the cone is very hot the warmth is still rising from the depths of the earth. we brought these sticks here to set them on foil with the internal heat of this code the temperature inside the fissure is nine hundred degrees so the state catches far in a matter of seconds. the first klein ends at sunset on the first day of the mountain trip but there is a much longer more difficult and interesting way to the summit of postie tell

budgets will kind of crater tomorrow. culture is that so much i was about to fit into life in the form of argument real interest for the welfare state instead long live the welfare state the system is broken and bankrupt with almost no inkling responsibility. for those so many years of past some former prisoners are still along. as well as for sure. those so many years of past. summer hoping to find their savior. others take their executioners and longing for justice. those so many years of past and memory is still alive as well

as hope and hate. the landscape which includes the austrian. volcanoes looks more like the surface of the main. fake lava streams high rising cones. craters small funnels huge slag waists and fields of volcanic bombs. these are the results of numerous eruptions. of course one can easily imagine that this landscape isn't part of the earth even if they don't know what happened on the moon at that time in the sixty's scientists had photos the lunar surface therefore come charcoal was chosen as one of the

testing areas for the first soviet lunar rover perhaps there really wasn't a better place on the planet for testing that equipment the. volcanic slag is almost identical to the hard sandy surface of the moon just like that the area has no bogs forests or grass but what it does have a numerous hills and hurdles. the first moon rover called luna hold one had eight wide wheels. this semi spherical profile prevented the vehicle from sliding sideways when moving along a hill and increased its cross-country capacity. the so-called southern heritage made a volcanic bombs placed in the way of the moon rover. the test was successful on the lunar was sent to the moon. the moon rovers test ground provides magnificent views over the to vote. the snowy almost vertical wall

street chick towers three thousand six hundred eighty two meters above sea level. nearby the adjacent gray edge of. can be seen it sits at a height of three thousand and eighty meters. the path is fifteen kilometers long anyone who's not sure they can make it follows in the guides wake during an uphill climb. the way they breathe tells the guide when he needs to slow down. tourists with the greatest stamina or at the end of the group. tourists here don't take frequent bridges so they don't lose their tempo. from a height of two thousand meters the panorama of the great tel budget fisher eruption comes into view. a chain of volcanic cones stretches to the horizon.

in the olson of nine hundred seventy six a new eruption occurred ten kilometers away from where love a burst through the earth's surface earlier that year. the great tell but you can rupture lasted for seventeen months. mountains were formed on the terrain of a vast sector of the camp chopped up an inch of it changed. the wild animals and birds that survived in that hellish atmosphere had to rely on humans for help we. the magma chamber below the ancient plus key tell batches of ok no is now empty. in this picture it's clear to see it's crater filled with a hot lava lake. despite the fact the plot has never erupted it's considered

to be active like the need to tell budgets ok knows. they are active volcanoes this means that they are either at the stage of the eruption or they are displaying other types of action for instance. or thermal activity six. tourists flying to the famous valley of guises by helicopter often see the fumaroles activities of local folk a nose fumaroles an ordinary steams of volcanic gas and state. they burst down from volcanic house together with ash and particles of earth. the valley of guises miles in the so-called zone of molten vulcanism hundreds of years ago narva bus. out near this canyon and to vulcan has emerged during the

eruption. the valley of guises is between them the magma beneath still heats up the layers of rock and water streams thermal energy cracks the ground making curious forms of hydrothermal activity like steam pits pot holes in guises which are erupting in springs. scientists have defined their activity into four stages. water from a water bearing lay it seeps into the guy's a channel. it's then filled with boiling water part of which begins to spill out. the guys is rising may start splitting the steam busts out of course it remains in the channel after the geysers eruption while the steam rises to the top.

is often called the hot peninsula for its various forms of hydrothermal activity. this is one of the few places on the planet where unconventional powered technology is implemented. the geothermal power station is located to the foot of the volcano. the ground's natural heat exchangers for producing electricity. only sixty specialists member station. is monitoring its automatic systems around the clock and fixing and no functions as soon as they occur. because they are in terms of environment protection it's a very clean production process take steam from below the surface and send a mixture of waste steam and water back into the earth. is filtered from droplets unschooled particles. drive

a boat gushes through a very high speed from the separator into the turbine and spins the rotor blades. this generates an electromagnetic field the current to create goes into this distribution unit. and after all transformations this equipment or eases the electrical power produced from the geothermal energy up to two hundred twenty volts and then it gets transmitted by power lines to consumers in the city. the peninsula's only major city. is situated close to two volcanoes. and caress. it was founded in seven hundred forty. scientists predict the possibility of an earthquake of seven or eight points on the richter scale with devastating effect. it could be triggered by something.

has passed the stage of forming at caldera. a gigantic. lotion occurred on a stop some thirty thousand years ago the western part of that or a polish come juts gate stands on deposits left over by the blast on our watch inskeep. good evening listening to the simple rules program on the radio today we're going to tell you how to prepare for natural disasters and stay in the light of now we're going to name just three simple rules which are all this easy to fail if there is too important thing is to do it on time so that the quickest exit from the building in advance to find safe areas that have children and relatives to occupy them if necessary and finally keep all your documents together and an emergency back with medicine water and warn things in an accessible place. it's

scary leaving here really scary we always have our emergency back ready it hangs in the corridor the back contains our documents children's papers and the most essential things i still remember how we used to pack an emergency back with documents and things but not child doesn't know about it we don't do this anymore. we've got to use trade by now and moreover the foreign tourists come here they like it. both candidates it's good that they exist. it would have been worse if there hadn't been any will cain is in fact a great cleaners they bring out all the negative energy of reproduced by people. it takes about five hours for trained tourists to climb the crater of the. volcano . when nearing the summit you have to walk several kilometers along

a steep shop right. this is the hardest part of the ascent. but the desire to see the creative drives people to the woods and upwards. of three thousand and eighty me says the feeling of tiredness is beaten by the sight of the magnificent millennium old volcano. in these hard journey was worth it i'm now season on the brink of the crater and i'm looking at all this and thinking that i'm the only person in the well it could be so very moment is lucky enough to play the flute at the height of three thousand meters. everyone has their own as to why you

attract people some try to overcome their fear and prove that they can withstand this challenge many enjoy an extreme trip. simply curious and a brave enough to look inside one of nature's biggest and most destructive.

it.