vat you are somehow squeezing out entrepreneurial islam is that is that a valid argument well maintaining full employment is actually one of the mandates of the federal reserve it was put in there in one thousand seventy eight yeah and there's talk right now about removing that clause because they feel that the federal this is why i brought it up because there's talk about removing that clause now and that mandate of the federal reserve but alan browne thanks so much for being on the kaiser report thank you max all right that's going to do it for this edition of the kaiser report with me max kaiser and stacey harbor or thank my guest alan brown author of web of debt if you want to send me an e-mail please do so i caused a reported r t t v dot are you until next on this is nice guys are saying why you know.

more news today violence is once again flared up. these are the images the world from the streets of canada. for a show to rule the day. i

am. great to have you with us a quick check of the headlines. jailed russian oil tycoon mikhail khodorkovsky awaits sentencing in a new case that could see him standing in prison and a second trial has been found guilty of embezzling billions of dollars along with his former business partner but all negative that currently seventy eight years for tax evasion and fraud. russia's prime minister slams i have pulled on the line officials to what he calls unacceptable behavior thousands of passengers were left stranded in moscow terminals for days without advice basic help or travel

information this comes after severe weather caused lengthy delays and flight cancellations. on the u.s. military budget rose as less money flows to welfare benefits some marketers are wondering whether that paying too much to fill the nation's war chest the federal debt has reportedly hit its highest level in sixty beds. and up next here and i'll see. the world's most promising gizmos and gadgets technology update is coming your way right now. hello and welcome to technology update are you tired of paying those overblown electric bills at the end of each month this could be the answer you've been waiting for a lot of the energy and with it

a lot of the harder in cash gets burned by crummy old incandescent light bulbs but what if i could get you a lot more light and waste way less wattage in the process and up and coming russian company is just open a huge new production facility to help make that energy efficient dream a reality. doesn't meet my sleazy sales pitch brainchild of a trio of russian scientists was born abroad and is now returned to russia to have been on a shiny new factory at the outskirts of st petersburg aside from being a happy homecoming assembly line launches a big step in russia's attempts to modernize its economy and go green at the same time. the capacity. to business today in russia countries and in eastern europe we can produce today. it's equal to. we'll cover three hundred seventy five

thousand square meters l.e.d. is good latest in a long line russians big and powerful made some of the first strides in constructing the incandescent lamps in the hundred seventy s. using carbon filaments renowned american inventor thomas edison introduced improved filaments been extended to relatively short life of electric bulbs forty then to over one thousand hours by the early twentieth century the tungsten filament light bulb still in use today were already emerging lamps appeared in the. and lamps at the end of the one nine hundred fifty s. and high pressure sodium street lighting in the sixty's compact fluorescents or c.f.l. were pioneered in the seventy's and are still a popular option as we move towards energy efficiency. light emitting diodes may be seen in the ninety's with improvements in technology since then showing incredible flexibility and efficiency quite possibly making. the future.

future that brought out the big shots the octagon factory opening. clearly understood the positive impact of having the company on and she was joined by top level dignitaries and investors from moscow and beyond it's a project that state high tech corporation is happy to throw its weight behind. his scientific contribution. in the field of hatred structures which. is. in fact. cademy at the root of all of this physical technical institute it's been a world class center for fundamental physics and cutting edge technology since the days of its founder. is named train the ranks of the soviet union's top nuclear scientists they also

begin work on semiconductors that underpins virtually all modern electronics. is one of the institute's bright stars in the field of semiconductor physics and of today's elite d.'s. to meeting diets we developed. the. sixty's we saw the appearance of. based on a three d. find semiconductors. yeah that was in the late one nine hundred sixty. is is the next generation know how to develop students and what we see here demonstrates how fast this area is changing both in scientific and technological terms and also in terms of the top rate equipment racing here. top managers. of students in the same mid ninety's

graduate class and while the optoelectronics department gave them the best of foundations they were completing their studies at a time of difficult transition for the russian scientific community. at the beginning of the ninety nine our economy faced a dramatic due to disastrous reforms implemented by the government i mean there were carried out in a callous way and as a result russian signs found itself in a difficult situation we could not have survived maintained scientific potential international collaboration. founders were part of a generation of innovative entrepreneurs seeking the elusive startup conditions in an era of uncertainty in fact much of the developed world was suffering an economic identity crisis in the late twentieth century not just in the collapsing socialist bloc the west german city where the russian innovators eventually founder incubate

was no exception. the world is full of rusting old industrial space by the wayside and the constant shifts of the global economy the challenge on everyone's minds is to rethink and rebuild these spaces to compete in the high tech twenty first century. these challenges were particularly acute endured more of a city at the heart of the once mighty middle logical complex and europe's largest economy these pictures are from the final days of phoenix west a massive plant operator. along with other heavy industry installations. long before the mill was shuttered for good in one thousand nine hundred eight the economic. crisis. they had to take a decision to do for the future. there

is. so. by the way a. new facility. passed. in april two thousand and five. clean room infrastructure companies trying to take technology. from the city state and european union now hosting around twenty companies with over one hundred employees including many.

technology. obviously. this is. the perfect infrastructure in order to do the technology. come from basically. you know to get this infrastructure in a. to make a predictable conversion you have a clear timeframe move to the three years in order to convert technology to products and prepare the company in order to approach global markets that's exactly the kind of preparation alex and his classmates turned business partners and up to god were looking for when they came to dortmund and beitar to help them take top quality opto electronic technology into the market. up the gun originally was founded by. two my friends and classmates from university and myself

and. myers who joined us and he helped to move here to do. this. the company made a creation was here and through this time to develop the main principles and basically came to the final loop created the elegant today we have between ten companies on the level of performance so what exactly was it that opera gun needed to get their business off the ground insured equipment light emitting diodes don't grow on trees to grow in every taxi all reactors are able to rent top quality equipment in affordable rates and the m.s.t. factory in the after gun team could set about generating the top quality samples that made them an attractive investment to set up a full scale production here's how it's done production starts with a thin model crystal lean sapphire wafer in a process known as. placed inside

a special chamber the wafer is bombarded with various gases to form a multi-layered structure under specific pressure and temperature conditions the gases cause chemical reactions leaving layers of gallium nitride indium nitride and aluminum nitride on the way for surface each wafer will produce up to thousands of elite d.s. so a laser edging process cards out the individual chips contacts are then affixed to each one of the tiny l.e.d. chips are now ready to be placed in. casement connected with the contacts and covered with the foster layer to blue light negative and positive charge currents meet in the active layer of the diode releasing photons in the form of visible light. technology. recovering the innovation technologies and we look to russia and we've talked to

several groups several financial groups and on the group. much faster than others they realize the potential of the company bought it now my expertise. and insight at least. we found a way that we can grow material with least disliked defects to even. mean that we can build chips with a more cost efficient technology delivering the same level of performance we are in a transition phase for pilots. who have. trunk. to gun is now busy calibrating their production lines in st petersburg to perfectly recreate the recipe day nailed down and it's a tedious process even on the prototype scale and now the expectations are. comes out of these machines is going not to showcase for potential investors but to meet

the lighting needs of clients. to plan what advantages can there. for an equivalent amount of light up to gun projects it's. nearly ten fold and incandescents by fifty times meanwhile the l.e.d.s. will cut in half the energy usage of most c.f.l. and use fully ten times less electricity than old school bulbs mercury pollution is a potentially serious problem with energy saving c.f.l. . avoid that toxic threat. completely. environmentally safe in russia from next year from. four hundred. other people. but in russia there is no such high penetration. so we see that in terms of the market size. it's bigger to europe to. expect russian market to grow. and we see the

growth of the market for russia. a hundred percent a year and we expect it to continue. doesn't have to look. as this city of st petersburg is undergoing an l.e.d. overhaul. companies in charge of maintaining some one hundred eighty thousand lighting elements around the city that's a huge market for the new. currently power consumption total several megawatts. of a major production plant that will produce and hopefully lights to. initially we intend to use these to eliminate the cities gardens and. construction plan in the pipeline with new streets to be designed and built in two thousand and twelve twenty thirteen. so after we've done the pox we'll extend the replacement program to residential districts and then move on to revamp the

lighting for major transport raise in the city as well as the embankments and. beyond their hometown octagon is branching out to the far away russian republic of straddling the arctic circle in icy northern siberia energy efficiency is more than a slogan they're producing electricity in much of the region is expensive and heavily subsidized they also need new technology built to withstand their long brutal winter. what if you. work in temperature conditions like we have a lot of parts of russia. cold country. that you need minus sixty degree.

this is a prototype here what's different about it i can't tell with the naked eye but tell me a little bit about the technology i would say that right now you can buy. those . competitive games since other companies. already been on the market for years to show the ability to meet customer specific demand. ever lower costs. for.

kind of mass consumer base. even if you think. you might. driving down the cost of chip production somebody needs to tackle the issue of design. creative minds that studios are already on the case. is constantly coming up with new ways to merge. with the fashion. behind the futuristic prototype. screw in. was the main challenge that you guys had to overcome in making these lands obviously did acknowledge is quite advanced now but it still goes some issues to solve the biggest one ease the problem of couldn't

don't because it's pretty use lots of heat so we have to design the very good. read into that is that what this thing is right here yeah it's like. the theme we just came out for the market maybe three years ago and it's just a standard solution but we like to change it and make it more effective and we got inspired by nature because if you look at some of the stuff like mushrooms for example they're apes they're just like because of the way of an up and go and own set and we create the same the same similar stuff here and that will help us to extend the capacity and space around and. to make that cooling process more effective from a purely design perspective from an artistic perspective do you like working with bulbs that need a radiator this clunky like when i look at this i see mostly radiator very little

ball and you don't get light maybe as much coming down this direction are you looking at ways to completely redo l.e.d. lighting so that you don't have to have such a bulky radiator industry itself is very rapidly changing day by day i think maybe even up to one year we'll have another design beef up sort of the different look so what then is the future of this kind of designing to look like are you mentioned at the deed silva get in small and small and for example they can dig knowledge which is called slight engine and physically it's a very very tiny and sleek and thin adamant and they implemented that but not you know the common you could wait any shape whatever you want really looking forward to some of the designs may seem a bit frivolous a first glimpse but we're talking about a far more flexible lighting future where we can. to traditional shapes in the name of variety. to just about anything and replace single function buttons with tiny.

multiplying devices possibilities. and the. russian billionaire. is literally hoping to reinvent the wheel. sometime in two thousand and twelve the economy with all the latest gadgets for the irving. group. in the new car company so it's no wonder he understood the advantages of that product from st peter's little which is your first of all. and secondly no less important. features. has company here as the world's leading luxury sports car maker's head

seen the light. in recent years as well as the bang for the buck you can expect to encounter more l.e.d.s. on the road. as you can see technology is finding applications everywhere these days even livingroom but it's just the tip of the iceberg. there are more innovations on the way from the same team of st petersburg scientists. from. offices of the russian company. classmates and. industry. even deep into their scientific work on semiconductor physics. international team to become one of the world's leaders in laser technology. to complete production cycle beginning here with molecular. and. finishing with a range of package products includes laser chips and fiber laser modules for use in

industrial medical and communications technology. research is from the physical technical university where we worked in the laboratory of the. go to. private company here in germany we managed to secure significant funds from investors and this. company other implications produces millions of chips for the medical. research to create a unique to be used in the industry of optical computer into connections. she's a different place now. the. project. was a proposal to set up production facilities. chips using. something unique.

to his called quantum dot lasers where his company is among the global elite quantum dots or confined semiconductor crystals with unique electronic optical properties discovered in the one nine hundred eighty s. by physicists. quantum dots are great advantages in laser applications. for more amplitude and. relative noise. benefits. company's latest invention. make a chip that will transmit many channels through its. one hundred gigabits.

you see everywhere today just a few. hundred . think of the. data coming out of your computer. today the options are basically. waiting in traffic. lanes to the same highway sending information on the same fiber using several different. we're talking about. redefining the computer. one hundred.

two thousand and six. production. technology. to competitive firms with cutting edge projects. and possibly. innovative business. to bring them home. from the famous silicon valley. to build up this kind of center in russia. right now that's part of the skolkovo project an

international city of science and technology over the next decade in all directions from this spot just outside of moscow so the next time technology update brings you a high tech success story it might just be born and raised right here in enjoy the ride. that. he's going to cover. to take scientific groups. to give them kind of conditions like. what we discussed with you when we were there and. in order to develop. your prototype. and this has to be done in russia immediately otherwise we would never you know breach between science and manufacturing would be because between science and. there is a huge gap and there is a prototype development and i myself am

a scientist very they don't understand how huge. culture is that so much i can tell you what i do a lot harder for most of the was all worth trying to say anti-semitism is nothing new to the world and it's undeniable that it exists today however how should anti-semitism be defined. the club seventeen has been to the region where industries are rapidly developing. now wattie goes to the homeland of those with strength of mind and body. to the land developed by cossacks in ancient times and which became the premier destination for nineteenth century.